Name: KEY Due Date: MicroLife Review Sheet Directions: Complete the review sheet to help study for the unit test. This is only a guide of what will be on the test. Be sure to use this, notes, lab booklet, vocabulary textbook (available online), warm-ups, and past quizzes to review for the unit test. Part I - Cells and Microbes Cell Theory - the idea that all living things are made up of cells, and that cells are made from other cells. 1. Label the cell below and describe the function of the cell part: Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane, Organelles, and Nuclear Membrane. Cell Part Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Organelles Cell Description Surrounds the cell and lets things in and out of the cell Clear, thick, jelly-like material that supports and protects the organelles Round structure in the middle of the cell that is the control center and stores DNA. Surrounds the nucleus and protects it. The little organs with specific jobs. 2. Cells have different parts, but MOST cells have a NUCLEUS, which controls what enters and leaves the cell. 3. Viruses are NOT CELLS, and therefore, NOT LIVING or ALIVE. 4. What are some unique features for the following types of cells? Red Blood Cells- NO NUCLEUS Bacteria- NO NUCLEUS AND HAVE A CELL WALL Plant Cell- CELL WALL 1
Fill in the chart for the following microbes: (Place an x in the box) MICROBE NUCLEUS CELL WALL CYTOPLASM CELL MEMBRANE MULTICELLULAR or SINGLE CELLED Plant Cell (ex) x x x x Multi Cellular Protist Single Celled Virus Bacteria Single Celled Animal Cell Multi Cellular Part II - Infectious Disease Infectious disease can spread quickly through a community, in one of the following ways: Carriers - a person who does not show symptoms, but can spread an infectious disease to other. Vectors - an organism (NOT a person) that carries and spreads infectious disease. Microbes - ( V ery ) virus, ( B ig ) bacteria, & ( P rotist ) protists 1. What is the difference between a vector and a carrier? Vector is an animal and a carrier is a human, both have no symptoms. 2. Diseases are caused by many things and some are infectious, while others are not. Examples of non-infectious diseases CANCER Examples of infectious diseases: FLU, STREP THROAT, CHICKENPO, COMMON COLD 2
3. Describe what is happening in the graphs below: Graph #1 Graph #2 Graph #1 Shows the INITIAL spread of a disease, without people getting better. Graph #2 Shows the spread of a disease over a long period of time with people getting better. We know that bacteria and viruses can cause infections. 4. Give two examples of Bacterial infections: 5. Give two examples of Viral infections: 1. EAR INFECTION 1. FLU 2. STREP THROAT 2. COMMON COLD PREVENTION 6. Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph. Infectious diseases can be PREVENTED in several ways. Parts of the human body can protect you from harmful microbes. Skin, mucus, saliva, and TEARS help to stop microbes from entering the body. WHITE BLOOD CELLS in your immune system attack foreign systems once they are in your body. Vaccines are given to prevent bacterial and viral diseases. A QUARANTINE can also prevent people from getting infectious disease, because it separates infected people from healthy people. However, a tradeoff of 3
this is: You are separated from people and your community and might get lonely. TREATMENT 7. Antibiotics are used ONLY for bacterial disease or diseases caused by protists. The _FULL COURSE of antibiotics should be taken, so that ALL of the microbes can be killed. 8. Fill in the chart below (check which applies): Take Infectious an Antibiotic Bacterial Infection Viral Infection Strep Throat Common Cold Flu Part III - The Microscope and Germ Theory The Germ Theory of Disease states that microbes (germs) cause infectious disease. The use of microscopes helped to develop Germ Theory. Microscopes are helpful to determine the differences between microbes and cells. 1. To find out the magnification of a microscope, use the following operation: Eye Piece Objective = Total Magnification 2. Fill in the chart below to show the magnification of the microscope. Eyepiece Objective Lens Total Magnification Magnification Microscope #1 15x 40x 600x Microscope #2 5x 10x 50x Microscope #3 10x 20x 200x 3. Who was Anton Van Leeuwenhoek and what were his contributions to science? Contributed to the creation of the modern day microscrope. 4
4. What process allows us to drink milk without becoming sick? The process of pasturerization kills microbes by heating milk to a certain temperature for a specific amount of time. 5