Journl of Experimentl Reserch Decemer 2014, Vol 2 No 2 www.er.journl.com Emil: editor-in-chief@er-journl.com Received: Jnury 2014 Accepted for puliction: Nov. 2014 An Assessment Of The Use Of Vrying Levels Of Moring oleifer Lef Mel As A Sustitute For Vitmin+minerl Premix In Finisher Broiler Diet. IGUGO, R. U. Animl Science Dept, Enugu Stte University Of Science And Technology Enugu, Nigeri. E-mil: Igugorymond@gmil.com *Author For Correspondence ABSTRACT One hundred nd twenty(120) 4 weeks old unsexed roiler chicken were used in twenty eight dys feeding tril to evlute the use of Moring oleifer lef mel s replcement for vitmin+minerl premix in finisher roilers. The irds were ssigned to four tretment group with three replictes per group.the tretment groups includes T1, T2, T3, nd T4 representing 0, 2.5, 5.0 nd 7.5% inclusion levels of Moring oleifer lef mel s replcement for vitmin+minerl premix. The result of the study showed tht verge finl weight gin, verge feed intke nd feed conversion rtio differed significntly (P<0.05) in fvour of T4 nd T3.The dressing percentge s well s orgn (gizzrd, liver nd hert) weights lso differed significntly(p<0.05). The study thus indicte tht the inclusion of Moring oleifer lef mel t 5% nd 7.5% cn successfully e used to replce vitmin+minerl premix in finisher diet. Keyword; Finisher roiler, Moring oleifer lef mel, growth prmeter, crcss nd orgn. INTRODUCTION The high cost of feed ingredients in Nigeri, especilly protein nd crohydrte sources hs resulted in declining productivity s well s profitility of intensive poultry production system. Broilers re the most efficient in converting rw feedstuff nd yproducts into high protein food which is urgently needed to improve the nutritionl stndrd of humns (Mukhter, 2007). Lef mel supplementtion hs een included in the diet of poultry s mens of reducing high cost of conventionl protein sources nd to improve profit mrgin (Odunsi et l, 1999; Iheukwumere et l., 2008; Nworgu et l., 2007; Onyimonyi et l., 2009 nd Emenlom et l., 2009). Leves cn lso e used s feed dditives for the iologicl function of irds such s vitmin nd trce elements s growth p r o mo ters, sorptio n e nh n c e rs, ntimicroil-gents nd metolic modifiers (Hssn et l., 2004; Hssn et l., 2007; Az, 2001; Dickens nd Ingrm, 2001; Hrmn, 1984). Leguminous multipurpose trees nd shrus hs een suggested to e vile lterntive source of proteins, vitmins nd minerls for poultry feeding (Church, 1991). Venhtrmn (1987) ws of the opinion tht moring oleifer leves re pcked with nutrient needed y humns s well s nimls. Moring oleifer is one of the plnts tht hs the potentil of eing utilized in the preprtion of poultry feed.the plnt is good source of vitmins nd minerls nd is rich in mino cids(mkk nd Becker, 1999). Moring lso known s the mircle tree hs medicinl vlues, nd is used in treting numerous diseses (Lockette, 2000; Loren,2007;nd Olugemi et l., 2010). The Moring lef is used in treting oesity due to its hypocholestrolemic property (Loren, 2007). The leves hve the clcium equivlent of 4 glsses of milk, 3 times the iron of spinch nd 4 times the mount of vitmin A in crrot (Loren, 2007; Dhot,1988; Murro et l., 2003). The lef is lso rich in the following vitmins A, B, C s well s I protein (Jnick et l.,2008; Schill, 2008; Folkrd nd Sutherlnd,2002).The high vitmin nd minerl content of Moring oleifer lef mel justify its use in the study to replce An officil puliction of Enugu Stte University of Science nd Technology ISSN: 2315-9650 88
vitmin+minerl premix. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The experiment ws crried out t the Teching nd Reserch Frm of the Deprtment of Animl /Fisheries Science nd Mngement, Fculty of Agriculture nd Nturl Resources Mngement, Enugu Stte University of Science nd Technology. One hundred nd twenty (120) 4- weeks old unsexed Agrited roilers chickens ws llotted to four tretments with three replictes (ten irds per replicte). Ech tretment group ws fed one of four experimentl diet contining 0%, 2.5%, 5% nd 7.5% Moring oleifer lef mel.the experimentl irds were rised in deep litter system. Records of growth rte were tken t Igogu R. U. - Moring Oleifer Lef In Finisher Broiler Diet. the end of every week, wheres record of feed intke ws tken dily throughout the twenty eight dys of study. Dt collected were sujected to nlysis of vrince (ANOVA) using the SPSS, (2001). Fresh mtured Moring oleifer leves were hrvested nd dried in shde on clen floor until it ecme crispy while still retining its greenish colourtion. The dried leves were milled using n ttrition mill. The milled leves were then incorported into the diets t vrying th levels. On the 28 dy of the experiment, three irds per tretment (one from ech replicte) were rndomly picked nd processed for crcss nd orgn evlution. PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAF Moisture 8.39 TABLE 1 PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION OF THE FINISHER EXPERIMENTAL DIETS. Ingredients T1 T2 T3 T4 Mize 55.00 55.00 55.00 55.00 Soyen 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 Fish mel 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Blood mel 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Whet offl 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 Bone mel 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Limestone 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 Common slt 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Methionine 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Lysine 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 MOLM 0.00 2.50 5.00 7.50 Vit/minerl premix 0.25 - - - TOTAL 100kg 100kg 100kg 100kg Cl (CP%) 23.26 23.40 23.69 23.80 ME(kcl/kg) 2879.13 2873.27 2869.10 2860.23 An officil puliction of Enugu Stte University of Science nd Technology ISSN: 2315-9650 89
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The study showed significnt difference (p<0.05) mong the tretment group with regrd to verge finl weight gin, verge dily weight gin nd feed conversion rtio. The verge finl weight gin ws highest for T 4 (2676.18g) followed y T 3 (2343.15g), T 1 (2143.30g) nd T 2 (1965.10g). Averge dily weight gin lso differed significntly (p<0.05) from T4 (77.32g) nd T4 (65.48g). However there were no significnt difference (p>0.05) etween T3 nd other tretment. Significnt difference (p<0.05) ws oserved in their feed conversion, T4 hs higher vlue thn the other groups. This ws followed y T3, T2 nd T1. The inclusion of Moring oleifer lef mel in the diet of the roilers t 5% nd 7% levels positively ffected the irds thn t 2.5%. However irds fed; Moring lef mel t 7.5% performed etter thn the other irds. This is ecuse the minerls, vitmins s well s mino cid in moring oleifer lef mel which hve higher iologicl functions which cted s growth promoters, sorption 1999, Igogu R. U. - Moring Oleifer Lef In Finisher Broiler Diet. enhncers, ntimicroil gents nd sorption enhnces, ntimicroil gents nd metolic modifiers (Gill, 1999, Az, 2001; Al Hrthi, 2002 nd Hssn et l., 2007) the irds differ significntly (p<0.05) from other tretment groups. The study greed with the findings of El-Husseiny et l., (2002) tht using medicinl plnts mixture improves digestiility of roiler irds. There ws significnt difference (p<0.05) mong the four tretment with regrds to verge finl weight gin, verge dily weight gin nd feed conversion rtio. However, it ws oserved tht the inclusion of M oring Oleifer leve mel t 5% nd 7.5% respectively enhnced etter feed intke when compre to the control. It could e due to the fct tht M oring Oleifer leve mel hs undnt vitmins, protein nd minerls which ided feed consumption (Mhdevn nd Prdeep, 2009). The high content of vitmins nd minerl y M oring oleifer help to enhnce the ppetite of the irds (Mhdern nd Prdeep, 2009). This is lso evident y the higher weight gin of T3 nd T4. Tle 2: Growth performnce of roiler finisher fed Moring oleifer lef mel. Dietry Tretment Prmeter T1(0%) T2(2.5%) T3(5%) T4(7.5%) Averge finl weight gin(g) 2143.3 1965.10 2343.15 2676.18 Initil verge weight gin (g) 511.73 510.26 509.62 511.23 Averge dily weight gin (g) 58.26 51.96 65.48 77.32 Averge feed intke (g) 134 131 137 40 Feed conversion rtio 2.52 2.30 2.09 1.81 Mens within rows with different superscripts re significntly different (p<0.05) Tle 3: Crcss nd orgn chrcteristics of roilers fed vrying levels of Moring oleifer lef mel. Dietry levels of Moring oleifer lef mel Prmeters T1 T2 T3 T4 Live weight (g) 2130 1937 2301 2503 Dressed weight (g) 1514 1317 1710 1910 Dressing (%) 71.08 68 74.32 76.31 Gizzrd (%) 1.69 1.77 2.23 2.46 Liver (%) 1.85 1.65 2.53 2.58 Hert (%) 0.47 0.43 0.52 0.55 Mens within row with different superscripts re significntly different (p<0.05). An officil puliction of Enugu Stte University of Science nd Technology ISSN: 2315-9650 90
The crcss nd orgn qulities of the irds (Tle 3) showed there were significnt differences (p<0.05) mong the tretment with regrds to the inclusion of M oring oleifer leve on dressed weight, dressing percentge s well s orgn weight. This shows tht M oring oleifer leve mel ecuse of its richness in minerl, vitmins nd protein cn effectively e used to replce synthetic minerls/vitmins premix presently employed in roiler feeding. The dressed weights of the irds were highest for T4, T3, T1, nd T2. The orgn chrcteristic gizzrd, liver nd hert were higher for T4, followed y T3, T1 nd T2 respectively. CONCLUSION The inclusion of M oring oleifer lef mel t 5 percent, nd 7.5 percent support higher finl weight gin, verge dily weight gin, dressed weight, dressing percentge s well s orgns such s gizzrd, liver nd hert. The study revels the minerl, vitmin nd protein content of moring oleifer lef mel cn compre fvourly with the synthetic minerl + vitmin premix presently used roiler production. This is promising work especilly now tht mny countries hve nned the usge of synthetic drugs including ntiiotics nd other growth promoters due to their side effects on oth poultry nd humn. REFERENCE Az,I.M.K. (2001). The use of some medicinl plnt s feed dditives in roiler diets. Ph.D thesis, Fculty of Agriculture, Alexndri University, Egypt. Al-Hrthi, M.A. (2002). Performnce nd crcss chrcteristic of roiler chick s ffected y different dietry type nd levels of hers nd spices s non clssicl growth promoters. Journl of poultry Science; 22:325-343. rd Church, D.C.(1991). Livestock feed nd feeding, 3 edition, prentice Hill, Egle wood cliff, New Jersey, PP: 546. Dhot, M.U. (1988). Vitmin contents of flowers nd seeds of M oring oleifer. Journl of iochemistry; 2 : 2122-2124. Dicken, J.A nd Ingrm, K. D. (2001). Efficcy of herl extrct t vrious concentrtions on the microiologicl qulity of roiler crcsses fter Igogu R. U. - Moring Oleifer Lef In Finisher Broiler Diet. stimulted chilling. 10:194-198. Journl of pplied poultry reserch; EL-Husseiny, O. S; Shlsh, M. nd Azouz, H.M.(2002). Response of roiler performnce to diets contining hot pepper nd or fenugreek t different metolizle energy levels. Egypt poultry science Journl; 22:387-406. Emenlom, O.O., Esonu, B.O., Etuk, E.B nd An,C.(2009). Effect of Mucun Pruriens (velvet Ben) lef mel on performnce nd lood composition of finisher roiler chickens. Nigerin Journl of Animl Production; 36: 52-60. Folkrd, G. nd Sutherlnd, J. (2002). Development of nturl derived cogulnt for wter nd wstewter rd tretment. Proceedings of the 3, world wter congress. Drinking wter tretment, Melourne, Austrli. Gill, C. (1999). More science ehind Botnicl hers nd plnts extrct s growth enhncers. Journl of feed interntionl; 4:20-23. Hrmn, D. (1984). Free rdicl theory of ging: The free rdicl diseses. Age; 7:111-131. Hssn,1.1. Asker, A.A. nd El-Shourgy, G.A. (2004). Influence of some medicinl plnts on performnce, physiologicl nd met qulity trits of roiler chicks. Egypt Journl of poultry science. Lockett, E. (2000). Indigenous medicinl plnt of Indi. Journl economic nd txonomic otny; 2: 103-105. Loren, A. (2007). A review of the nutritionl vlue of M oring plnt. Tropicl medicine nd hygiene. Volume 103 (5) 471-479. Mhdevn, S nd Prdeep, K. (2009) Hiiscus sdriff linn. An overview. Nturl Product Rdince; 8(1): 77-83. Mker, H.P.S. nd Becker, K. (1999). Plnt toxins nd detoxifiction methods improve feed qulity of tropicl seeds review, Asin Austrlin Journl of Animl Science; 3: 467-480. Mukhtr, A.M. (2007). The effect of feeding Rosell (Hiiscus sdriff) seed on roiler chicks performnce. Reserch Journl of Animl nd veterinry science: 2: 21-23. Murro, J.K., Mulikn, M. nd Srwtt, S.V. (2003). Moring Oleifer lef mel cn replce cotton seed cke in the concentrte mix feed with Rhodes grss, chloris gyn hy for growing sheep. Livestock reserch for rurl development; 3: 51-55. Nutyl, B.P. nd Venhtrmn.O. (1987). An officil puliction of Enugu Stte University of Science nd Technology ISSN: 2315-9650 Moring 91
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