T Longvah National Institute of Nutrition Jamai Osmania PO Hyderabad 500 007
Country Total Cropland (000 ha), 1999 Hectares of Cropland per 1,000 population, 1999 Afgha nistan Bangla desh Bhutan India Maldi ves 8,054 8,440 160 169,70 0 Nepal Pakist an Sri Lanka 3 2,968 21,880 1,900 380 63 79 171 11 132 159 101 Arable & permanent cropland as a % of total land area, 1998 12.4% 57.9% 3.4% 51.6% 10.0 % 20.2% 27.6% 28.8% Percent of cropland that is irrigated, 1999 29.6% 47.2% 25.0% 34.8% X 38.2% 82.0% 34.8%
Country Afghani stan Bangl adesh Bhuta n India Maldi ves Nepal Pakist an Sri Lanka Food Security Average daily per capita calorie supply, 1999 (Kilocalories) Average daily per capita calories from Animal products, 1999 (Kilocalories) Percent of Children that are under weight, 1995-2000 {c} 1,755 2,201 X 2,417 2,298 2,264 2,462 2,411 373 67 X 192 441 160 429 150 48.0% 48.0% 19.0% 47.0% 43.0% 47.0% 38.0% 33.0%
Demographic and Health Indicators Afgha nista n Bangla desh Bhu tan India Mal dive s Nepal Pakista n Sri Lank a 2002 23,29 143,36 2,19 1,041,14 309 19,28 24,153 148,721 4 4 8 4 7 Population Density 306.9 970. 288.4 (people per square km), 2000: 33.4 954.4 44.4 0 156.6 177.4 % of Population Under age 15, 2002 43% 38% 42% 33% 43% 41% 41% 25% Over age 65, 2002 3% 3% 4% 5% 3% 4% 4% 6% Living in Urban 28% 26% 22% 25% 7% 12% 37% 24% Areas, Infant Mortality Rate 65 37 20 161 67 54 71 87 {b}, 2000-2005 Under-Five Mortality 96 80 19 257 82 100 100 110 Rate {b}, 2000 Life Expectancy Female 43.5 60.8 64.5 64.9 67.0 59.6 60.9 75.9
Food group Nutritive value of Indian Foods Published reports Common Uncommon Uncommon Reference Cereals and millets 12 14 8 8, 24, 26, 35, 42 Pulses and legumes 11 3 10 40, 64 Leafy vegetables 58 77 141 1-9 Other vegetables 48 18 15 6, 8, 24, 31, 32, 46, 59 Roots and tubers 18 16 45 1 6, 16, 22, 24, 33, 36 Nuts and oilseeds 17 11 5 65 Condiments and spices 20 Fruits 72 29 124 1 8, 15 19, 42-44 Mushrooms 0 1 25 24, 45, 63 Insects 0 1 Fish and sea food 85 M t & lt 10 4
Number of Reference foods 34 E. T. AITCHISON; The American Journal of Pharmacy, Vol. 59, 1887 Abdul Majid Wafiq (ICARDA) ;www.icarda.org/ralfweb/sslpwf/ralfpres entations/2006 Chandrasekharan, C. 1988. Forests and Forestry in Afghanistan, FAO, Rome. Enacarta Home. 2001. Afghanistan wild life. Internet: http://encarta.msn.com. viewed on 1 June 2001. FAO. 1995 a. Edible nuts. by G.E. Wickens. Non-wood forest products No. 5, Rome. 4 www afghan-web com
Number of foods Reference 65 Zabta K. Shinwari ;Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 4(3), pp. 161-176, 4 February, 2010 Qazi Zabihullah, Abdur Rashid and Naveed Akhtar ;Pak. J. Pl. Sci., 12 (2): 115-121, 2006 Saadia Afzal & all Ayub ;Med Coll Abbottabad 2009;21(1) Khalid Hussain, Aamir Shahazad and Syed Zia-ul-Hussnain, Ethnobotanical Leaflets 12: 29-35, 2008
Number of foods Reference 65 Zabta K. Shinwari ;Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 4(3), pp. 161-176, 4 February, 2010 Qazi Zabihullah, Abdur Rashid and Naveed Akhtar ;Pak. J. Pl. Sci., 12 (2): 115-121, 2006 Saadia Afzal & all Ayub ;Med Coll Abbottabad 2009;21(1) Khalid Hussain, Aamir Shahazad and Syed Zia-ul-Hussnain, Ethnobotanical Leaflets 12: 29-35, 2008
Number of foods Reference 31 Ranjith Mahindapala IUCN The World Conservation Union Asia Regional Office, Bangkok Southern Illinois University Carbondale / Ethnobotanical Leaflets / ://www.siu.edu/~ebl/ www.fao.org
To prepare SAARCFOODS FCT Each country will list out all the foods analyzed in their country without borrowed data Prepare a comprehensive list of uncommon foods consumed in the respective countries
1937 Food 208 Nutrient 14 1971 Food 664 Nutrient 40 1951 Food 299 Nutrient 30 1989 Food 597 Nutrient 57
Activities on food composition in India Integrated Indian Food Composition Database project Objectives: 1)To establish a comprehensive Indian food composition database using presently available procedures of AOAC or other accepted methods 2)Adopt statistically valid and appropriate sampling procedures t o represent the food habits of the different regions of the country 3)Build the Indian food composition database website and make it available freely via the internet
NNMB Cereals & Millets 12 Pulses & Legumes 12 Leafy Vegetables 24 Roots & Tubers 15 Other Vegetables 36 Nuts & oils seeds 20 Condiments & Spices 20 Fruits 38 Fish&Other Sea foods 30 Other Flesh foods 15 Milk & Milk Products 8 240
A probability-based (PPS)) National sampling plan was developed to sample and analyse foods consumed in the country. The sampling plan was based on six regions (North, South, East, West, Central and Northeast) with roughly equal populations (Except Northeast India) based on geographical proximity of states. Similar categorization of the country into six regions has also been applied in the National Family Health Survey
North Central East Chandigarh Chhattisgarh Delhi MP Haryana UP HP J & K Punjab Rajasthan Uttaranchal Bihar Jharkhand Orissa West Bengal North East West South Arunachal Pradesh Assam Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Sikkim Tripura Dadra & Nagar Haveli Daman & Diu Goa Gujarat Maharashtra AP Karnataka Kerala TN A & N Islands Lakshadweep Puducherry
National food Sampling points at different locations in the country.
PROXIMATE PRINCIPLES : % edible portion, moisture, protein, fat, ash, tdf, sdf, carbohydrate, energy (9) WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS : thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid (free and total), pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, cyanocobalamine, ascorbic acid, Biotin (9) FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS : vitamin A, tocopherol, tocotrienols, Carotenoids, Vit.D, Vit.K (6) MINERALS & TRACE ELEMENTS : As, Al, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, I, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Zn (20) AMINO ACIDS : arginine, histidine, lysine, leucine, iso leucine, valine, threonine, cystine, methynine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, glycine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, serine, proline, alanine, tryptophan (18) FATTY ACIDS : lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolinic, behanic, erucic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosa hexanoic acid & Cholesterol (13) ANTI NUTRITIONAL FACTORS : tannins, phytates, goitrogens, trypsin inhibitor, chymotrypsin inhibitor, lectins, Oxalates, Alpha amylase(8)
The quality of the analytical data will be ensured continuously through analysis checks in the form of recovery test, analysis of control and use of Certified reference materials In some cases multiple sample analysis will be carried out The laboratory is participating in the quality assurance programme conducted by various agencies
Studies on the less familiar foods consumed by the indigenous major tribes in India proposal under review The NNMB survey conducted annually in 10 states of the country captures only the common foods consumed in the country Survey of published data on the consumption and use of uncommon foods in India is in progress Composition data on important uncommon foods will be generated and included in the Indian FCT