Irqi J. Poultry Si. 10 (1): 77 88. 2016 Aziz et. l. Effet of dding different levels of grli powder to diets on roiler performne Atoof A. Aziz Rouf H. Mjeed Azd A. Muhmmd University of Sulimni, Fulty of griulturl siene, Animl prodution deprtment Astrt The im of this study ws to evlute the effets of grli on roiler performne. Ninety six, one dy-old ommeril roiler hiks (Ross 308) were rndomly lloted to 4 tretments with 4 replites, (24 hik replite) during 6 weeks. For tretments experimentl inluded T1, s ontrol group fed rtion without ny supplements (sl diet), T2, T3 nd T4 ontined supplementry rw grli powder t level 1, 3 nd 5g/kg diet respetively. Growth performne prmeter were mesured 2 irds per replite were slughtered t the end of the tril to evlute rss nd musle hrteristis. Aording to the results, Diet with 5g grli/kg ws signifintly (P <0.05) inresed ody weight, ody weight gin, feed intke nd est feed onversion effiieny s ompred to the ontrol group during ll experimentl period. The highest rss uts, rest, thigh nd wing weights were ttined y feeding 5g grli/kg nd the lowest weight ws ttined when feeding 1g grli/kg diet, lso orgn weights showed no signifint differene (P>0.05) etween the different tretments. Introdution Now, there re lot of interests to rise knowledge out non-syntheti lterntives for ntiiotis mong the sientists. The positive effet of herl plnts on roilers hs een informed y mny studies (Tekeli et l., 2006). For long time feed dditives hve een widely used to expnsion nimls performne nd ltely it is used in poultry industry to enhne growth, feed effiieny nd lyers performne (Collington et l., 1990; Khn et l., 2007). In prior studies the positive effets of herl supplements on prodution performne nd rss qulity hve een illustrted y Tekeli et l. (2006) nd (Tekeli et l. (2008). Demir et l. (2003) reported tht grli n improves produtive performne of roiler hiks. Grli hs een used for out 50 yers s ntiioti growth promoters nd to enhne growth performne in poultry nd swine (Diner nd Rihrds, 2005; Demir et l., 2008). The positive effets of herl supplements on roiler performne, rss qulity nd qulity trits of met hve een demonstrted (Shleiher et l., 1998). Moreover, grli (Allium stivum) is very rih in romti oils, whih motivte digestion nd positively influened respirtory system eing inhled into ir ss nd lungs of irds, nd stimulting effet on the immune system, lso it ws found tht grli hs strong ntioxidtive effets (Grdzielewsk et l., 2003). The key tive omponent in grli is powerful plnt hemil lled lliin whih swiftly deomposes to severl voltile orgnosulphur ompounds with iotivities (Chng nd Cheong, 2008). Biotive omponents of grli like sulfur ontining ompounds (Alliin, Dillylsulfides nd Alliin) my e responsile for some speifi hrteristis of this plnt (Amgse et l., 2001). Grli is used oth s ondiment nd mediment, ntiogulnt, ntioxidnt, hypolipidemi, 70
زىكىة وجاسن هجمة عمون الدواجو العراقية )0( 07 77-88 8706 ntihypertensive, ntigeing, ntipltelet nd hevy metl detoxifier. It hs een indited tht these ompounds hve ntiteril, ntifungl, ntiprsite, ntivirl, ntithromoti, nti-nerous nd vsodiltor hrteristis (Agrwl, 1996; Mrilynn, 2001). Moreover, grli hs een used s spie nd ntive mediine sine long go (Rivlin, 2001). Grli powder s nturl growth promoter n e potentil lterntive for ommon rtifiil growth promoters like ntiiotis nd in this respet, it n improve performne nd rss hrteristis in roiler hikens (Demir et l., 2003; Lewis et l., 2003). Grli is mediinl her for prevention nd tretment of mny diseses (Adimordi et l., 2006). It hs n ntiioti when dded s food supplementry in roiler diets, stimulte the immune system, uses quntittive hnges of lood leukoytes, enhnes digestion, used s growth promoter, inresing ody gin, feed intke nd feed effiieny (Onii et l., 2009). However, suggested tht ommeril grli oil, grli powder nd ommerilly ville grli extrt my e hypoholesterolemi (Aporn songsng et l., 2008). In ddition to its ntimiroil tivities, grli hs een shown to inrese feed pltility nd thus improved feed intke (Choi et l., 2010). The ojetives of this study were to investigte the effets of supplementing grli (s dried grli powder) in roiler rtions on produtive performne. Mterils nd Methods This study ws onduted t the Poultry Reserh Frm Fulty of Agriulturl Sienes, Sulimni University during the period from My, 1 st 2015 to June, 20 th, 2015. A totl of 96 unsexed dy old (Ross 308) roiler hiks hieved from hthery (Kosh) were used in this experiment. At eight-dy old, hiks were divided eqully on floor pens into 4 groups, eh group ontined 4 replites (6 hiks/ eh). Tretments were divided s follows: Diet 1 using sl diet free from dried grli powder s ontrol(t1). Diets (T2, T3, nd T4) using sl diet plus 1, 3 nd 5 gm dried grli powder/kg of diet, respetively. The omposition of the diets nd nlyzed ontent of nutrients ws shown in Tle 1, 2 nd 3. The diets were formulted iso nitrogen nd iso lori. In this experiment ll hikens were fed the sme ommeril diet till 7 th dys of ge t tht dy ll hikens were weighted nd divided into experimentl groups so tht the verge weight ws the sme in ll groups without ny signifint differenes. Diets were formulted to meet or exess requirements ording to the Ntionl Reserh Counil (NRC, 1994) for roilers t this ge. The feed nd wter provide d liitum during the experiment. Three phses of feeding progrm were involved in supplying: Strter diets (22% CP) were formulted in Tle 1. From period 1 to 7 dys of ge then, they were swithed to grower diets (22% CP) from 8 to 21 dys of ge Tle 2, therefter; finisher diets (19% CP) from 22 to 42 dys of ge Tle 3. The res of eh pen were (5.75 x 3.75m). Also wood shvings floor ws used in the experiment with 8 m thikness. In the end of this experiment ll dt were nlyzed using XL Stt (XlSTAT, 2004). The signifint differenes etween the mens of trits were determined using Dunn's multiple rnge tests (Dunn, D. B.1955). Under the proility P<0.05. 71
Irqi J. Poultry Si. 10 (1): 77 88. 2016 Aziz et. l. Tle 1: Compositions nd hemil nlysis of the strter diets (1-7 dys of ge) Feed Ingredients % Yellow orn 48 Soyen en mel 28 Protein onentrte 6.7 Whet grind 14 Slt 0.3 Sun flower oil 3 Totl 100 Chemil ompositions Crude protein % 22 Metolizle energy (lulted) kl/kg 3149 Clium% 0.52 Lysine% 1.22 Methionine (lulted)% 0.67 Tle 2: Compositions nd hemil nlysis of the grower diets (8-21 dys of ge). Feed Ingredients T1 T2 T3 T4 Yellow orn 48 48 46 46 Grli 0 0.1 0.3 0.5 Soyen en mel 28 28 28 28 Protein onentrte 6.7 6.6 6.4 6.2 Whet grind 14 14 16 16 Slt 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Sun flower oil 3 3 3 3 Totl 100 100 100 100 Chemil ompositions Crude protein % 22 22 22 22 Metolizle energy (lulted)kl/kg 3149 3150 3148 3149 Clium% 0.52 0.51 0.51 0.50 Lysine% 1.22 1.22 1.23 1.23 Methionine (lulted)% 0.67 0.66 0.66 0.66 72
زىكىة وجاسن هجمة عمون الدواجو العراقية )0( 07 77-88 8706 Tle 3: Compositions nd hemil nlysis of the finisher diet (22-42 dys of ge). Feed Ingredients T1 T2 T3 T4 Yellow orn 41 41 40 40 Grli 0 0.1 0.3 0.5 Soyen en mel 21 21 21 21.5 Protein onentrte 6.7 6.6 6.4 6.2 Whet grind 28 28 29 28.5 Slt 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Sun flower oil 3 3 3 3 Totl 100 100 100 100 Chemil omposition Crude protein % 19.9 19.9 19.9 20 Metolizle energy (lulted) k/kg 3214 3214 3214 3210 Clium% 0.51 0.50 0.50 0.49 Lysine% 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.07 Methionine (lulted)% 0.66 0.66 0.65 0.65 Results nd Disussion The effets of supplementtion rtion with grli on ody weight t (14 th - 42 nd ) dy-old hiks were presented in Tle 5. Result reveled tht ody weight ws inresed signifintly (p 0.05), in T4 (diet supplemented with 5gm grli /Kg) nd T3 (diet supplemented with 3gm grli /Kg) then T2 (hiks fed sl diet supplemented with 1gm/Kg grli) respetively s ompred with ontrol group t 14 th,21 st nd 28 th dys. So tht the highest ody weight were seen signifintly (p 0.05) in T4 s ompred with other groups t 35 th nd 42 th dys. Results s regrds live ody weight were in greement with Ademol et l. (2009) who reported tht grli supplementtion improved the finl live ody weights of roiler hiks. And lso, this result ws in greements with Reesi et l. (2010); Mnsou nd Nezhdy (2011); Kumr et l. (2005) ; Afshrmnesh et l. (2008) who found positive effets of grli supplementtion on roiler performne. Pourli et l. (2010) suggested tht lliin in grli promotes the performne of the intestinl flor therey improving digestion nd enhning the utiliztion of energy, leding to improved growth. On the other hnd Onii et l. (2009) found no signifint (P 0.05) differenes mong tretments tht reeived different levels of grli. 73
Irqi J. Poultry Si. 10 (1): 77 88. 2016 Aziz et. l. Tle 4: Composition of protein onentrte Inlusion Added Vitmins, minerls, tre elements Nutrients % nd dditives per kg: Crude protein 40.00 Vitmin A 220.00 I.U. Crude ft 5.00 Vitmin D 3 60.00 I.U. Crude fier 2.00 Vitmin E 600 mg Moisture 7.60 Vitmin B1 60 mg Crude sh 28.30 Vitmin B2 140 mg Clium 5.60 Vitmin B6 80 mg Phosphorus 2.60 Vitmin B12 700 mg Phosphorus (vil.) 4.65 Vitmin H(Biotin) 2.00 mg Nutrients Lysine 3.85 Niin 800 mg Methionine 3.70 Vitmin BC (foli id) 20 mg Meth+yst 4.10 Vitmin K 3 50 mg Tryptophne 0.40 d-pntotheni id 320 mg Threonine 1.29 Choline hloride 5.00 mg Metolizle 2150.00 Cu (from Copper Sulphte) 200 mg Energy Sodium 2.30 Mn(from Mngnese oxide) 1.60 mg CL 4.00 Zn (from zin oxide) 1.20 mg Fe (from Iron Sulphte) 1.00 mg I (from lium iodte) 20 mg Se (from sodium selenite) 5 mg Antioxidnt 100 mg 6-phytseEC3.1.3.26 (46) 30.00 Fyt Slinomyine -Sodium 1.00 Mg Broon-5 Speil W (WAFI- HOLLAND) Inlusion Added Vitmins, Minerls, tre elements rte: nd dditives per kg: Tle 6 shows the effet of different levels of grli powder on weight gin of roiler hikens. Aording to omprisons of this tle it hs een proven tht verge of weight gins T1 in this experiment were signifintly higher thn ontrol group t14 th nd 21 st dy-old hiks. While, the weight gin were not signifintly different mong tretments ompred to the ontrol group t 28 th dys. And lso, the result showed tht the T4 t 35 th nd 42 th dys hve etter finl results ompred with other tretments. These results were in line with those reported y Ahmd (2005) who reported higher weight gin in roilers fed rtions supplemented with grli. The improvement in weight gin of the irds using grli in their rtions my proly e due to the ft tht lliin (n ntiioti sustne found in grli), inhiits growth of intestinl teri suh s S. ureus nd E. oli nd inhiit fltoxins produing fungi (Merj, 1998). Menwhile, dietry grli supplementtion did not signifintly (P>0.05) influene the weight gin of the roiler hikens. Geng et l.( 2009). 74
Tretments * Tretments * زىكىة وجاسن هجمة عمون الدواجو العراقية )0( 07 77-88 8706 Tle 5: Effet of different levels of grli powder on ody weight (g) (Mens ±SE) of roiler performne. Body weight (gm) Age (dy) 14 21 28 35 42 T1 (ontrol) T2 308.33±17.89 333.33±19.61 629.17±19.03 691.67±16.76 1140±18.53 1229.17±12.38 1795.42±12.27 1852.08±14.58 2291.25±13.97 2328.33±21.83 T3 337.50±16.98 712.50±12.38 1233.33±22.21 1866.67±34.02 2404.17±14.23 T4 366.67±14.61 760.42±17.42 1308.33±17.39 2027.08±19.06 2641.67±25.91 *: Mens with different supersript within ftor or ftors omintion differ signifintly (p 0.05). *T1=ontrol, T2, T3 nd T4 Adding 1, 3 nd 5gm grli powder/kg feed respetively. Tle 6: Effet of different levels of grli powder on weight gin (g) (Mens ±SE) of roiler performne. Weight gin (g) Age (dy) 14 21 28 35 42 T1 (ontrol) 177.08±11.08 320.83±19.22 510.83±10.19 655.42±12.20 495.83±14.43 T2 204.17±18.92 358.33±15.40 537.50±7.22 622.92±9.24 476.25±28.33 T3 208.75±13.58 375.00±22.21 520.83±18.16 633.33±27.22 537.50±29.17 T4 235.42±14.24 393.75±21.24 547.92±10.96 718.75±22.66 614.58±35.09 *: Mens with different supersript within ftor or ftors omintion differ signifintly (p 0.05). *T1=ontrol, T2, T3 nd T4 Adding 1, 3 nd 5gm grli powder/kg feed respetively. Tle 7 shows the effet of grli on feed intke from the experimentl roiler hikens. Feed intke were signifintly (P 0.05) influened y grli 75
Tretments * Irqi J. Poultry Si. 10 (1): 77 88. 2016 Aziz et. l. supplementtion t14 th nd 21 st dys. Furthermore, t next week dietry grli supplementtion did not signifintly (P >0.05) influene on feed intke, Although, sttistilly signifint feed intke (FI) vlues were reorded due to dietry grli supplementtion. FI ws lso elevted t high levels of grli in the diets 5gm grli /Kg ompred with 1nd 3gm grli /Kg nd ontrol groups t 35 th nd 42 th dys. Thus, similr results were lso otined y Elgi et l. (2013) who reported tht the est performne ws ttined y the group of irds fed on diet ontining 3% grli powder; they ttined the highest feed onsumption, ody weight gin nd the est feed onversion effiieny. However, Horton et l. (1991) reported tht feed intke ws not ffeted y the supplementtion of grli in roiler hiks. Tle 7: Effet of different levels of grli powder on feed intke (g) (Mens ±SE) of roiler performne. Feed intke (g) Age (dy) 14 21 28 35 42 T1 (ontrol) 237.92±17.62 480.42±23.72 797.08±15.04 1129.17±17.17 1026.17±35.19 T2 258.33±19.61 495.83±24.92 804.17±8.67 1141.67±11.79 1015.83±19.85 T3 276.25±23.82 543.75±27.24 810.42±9.24 1159.58±35.77 1117.50±20.88 T4 316.67±16.61 570.83±20.38 825.00±19.84 1279.17±35.60 1150.00±15.21 *: Mens with different supersript within ftor or ftors omintion differ signifintly (p 0.05). *T1=ontrol, T2, T3 nd T4 Adding 1, 3 nd 5gm grli powder/kg feed respetively. The feed onversion rtio of roiler hiks fed diets supplemented with different levels of grli powder is summrized in Tle 8. Feed onversion rtios (FCR) were not signifint etween tretments t 14 th, 28 th nd 35dys. While, the est feed onversion effiieny in the experiment were progressively improved y inresing dietry grli powder in T2 (1gm grli /Kg) t 21 st dys. Likewise, the vlues of feed onversion rtio otined from irds in T4 were signifintly higher (P<0.05) thn those found in irds on ontrol t the end of period. The results otined in this experiment for FCR greed with Fdlll et l. (2010); Reesi et l. (2010) who found etter FCR when supplementing grli to roiler diets. In ddition to, when supplementing grli to roiler diets verge of feed onversion rtio (FCR) nd verge of weight were signifintly higher thn 76
Tretments * زىكىة وجاسن هجمة عمون الدواجو العراقية )0( 07 77-88 8706 ontrol group (Nvid, 2011). Although Onii et l. (2009) found no signifint (P<0.05) effets for grli supplementtion. Tle 8: Effet of different levels of grli powder on feed onversion rtio (FCR) (gm feed/ gm weight gin) (Mens ±SE) of roiler performne. Feed onversion rtio (FCR) Age (dy) 14 21 28 35 42 T1 (ontrol) 1.34±0.056 1.50±0.053 1.56±0.05 1.72±0.09 2.07±0.06 T2 1.27±0.068 1.38±0.038 1.50±0.03 1.83±0.05 2.16±0.14 T3 1.32±0.045 1.45±0.069 1.56±0.07 1.84±0.11 2.09±0.08 T4 1.35±0.023 1.45±0.041 1.51±0.04 1.78±0.07 1.85±0.11 *: Mens with different supersript within ftor or ftors omintion differ signifintly (p 0.05). *T1=ontrol, T2, T3 nd T4 Adding 1, 3 nd 5gm grli powder/kg feed respetively. Tle 9 presents the rss hrteristis expressed in proportion of ody weight of roilers. The highest mens of rss uts (rest, thigh nd wing) weight were found in irds feed diet supplemented with grli powder (5gm grli /Kg) nd signifintly differed (P<0.01) from the lowest vlues reorded in the ontrol group. While those in 1gm grli /Kg nd 3gm grli /Kg supplementtions were sttistilly not different. The present study indites tht the tste ingredients signifintly (p<0.05) influened the rss prts of the roilers. Though, ontrry to Dieumou et l. (2009); Pourli et l. (2010) who reported tht rss prts were not ffeted y ginger nd grli, it is however in onsonne with Reesi et l., (2010) who reported signifint effet on the rss uts of roilers fed with grli. The overll orgn weights of roiler hiks fed diets supplemented with different levels of grli powder is summrized in Tle 10. There were no signifint differenes mong the reltive weights of liver, gizzrd nd hert in ll groups. The rss nd orgn hrteristis were no signifint (P > 0.05) effet of grli supplementtion. Thus, supplementtion of the diets with grli promoted similr rss development s the ontrol diet (Geng et l., 2009). 77
Tretments * Tretments * Irqi J. Poultry Si. 10 (1): 77 88. 2016 Aziz et. l. Tle 9: Effet of different levels of grli powder on Crss, rest, thigh nd wing weights (g) (Mens ±SE) of roiler hiks performne. Crss weight nd Crss uts weights (gm) Crss weight Brest weight Thigh weight Wing weight T1(ontrol) 1695±45.00 610±20.82 502.5±31.72 237.5±6.29 T2 1797.50±28.39 600±16.33 515±28.72 260±8.16 T3 1837.50±75.10 600±14.14 535±29.86 265±9.57 T4 2007.50±82.90 755±52.52 625±17.56 282.5±11.81 *: Mens with different supersript within ftor or ftors omintion differ signifintly (p 0.05). *T1=ontrol, T2, T3 nd T4 Adding 1, 3 nd 5gm grli powder/kg feed respetively. Tle 10: Effet of different levels of grli powder on liver, gizzrd nd hert weights (g) (Mens ±SE) of roiler hiks performne. Orgn weights (gm) Liver weight Gizzrd weight Hert weight T1(ontrol) 55±9.57 40±8.16 12.5±2.50 T2 45±5.00 25±5.00 10±0.00 T3 55±5.00 25±5.00 10±0.00 T4 50±4.08 27.5±7.50 10±0.00 *: Mens with different supersript within ftor or ftors omintion differ signifintly (p 0.05). 78
زىكىة وجاسن هجمة عمون الدواجو العراقية )0( 07 77-88 8706 *T1=ontrol, T2, T3 nd T4 Adding 1, 3 nd 5gm grli powder/kg feed respetively. The results oviously indited tht the est prodution performne prmeters were hieved y the irds fed the diet supplemented with (5gm grli /Kg), the lower performne were ttined y the irds fed 0% level. It n e reommended tht grli n e used s feed dditives t level of (5gm grli powder/kg) to improve the overll performne of roiler hiks. Referenes Ademol, S.G., G.O. Frinu nd G. M. Btunde, 2009. Serum lipid, growth nd hemtologil prmeters of roilers fed grli. World J. of Agri. Si. 5 (1): 99-104. Adimordi, M., B. Nvidshd, J. Seifdvti nd M. Royn, 2006. Effet of dietry grli mel on histologil struture of smll intestine in roiler hikens. Poult. Si., 43: 378-383. Afshrmnesh, M., B. Sdeghi Ronizi nd M. Mehrdi, 2008. The omprison of nturl feed dditives (grli nd yogurt) with ntiioti growth promoters on roiler performne.1st ntionl onferene livestok nd poultry industry of Golestn Provine. Des. 208; 25-36. Agrwl, K.C. 1996. Therpeuti tions of grli onstituents. Med. Res. Rev. 16(1): 111-124. Ahmd, S. 2005. Comprtive effiieny of grli, turmeri nd klongi s growth promoter in roiler. M.S. (Hons.) Thesis, Deprtment Poultry Sienes, University of Agriulture, Fisld, Pkistn Amgse, H., B. L. Petesh, H. Mtsuur, S. Ksug nd Y. Itkur, 2001. Intke of grli nd its iotive omponents. J. Nutr. 131 (S3), 955S 962S. Aporn songsng, A.S., U.S.A.O. Rewdee, P. S. Penpk, C. Swnit nd P. Wunhi, 2008. Effet of grli (Allium stivum) supplementtion in diets of roilers on produtive performne, met holesterol nd sensory qulity. Tropentg 2008, University of Hohenheim, Otoer 7-9.Conferene on Interntionl Reserh on Food Seurity, Nturl Resoure Mngement nd Rurl Development. Chng, K.J. nd S.H. Cheong, 2008. Voltile orgnosulfur nd nutrient ompounds from grli y ultivting res nd proessing methods. Fed. Am. So. Exp. Bio. J. 22: 1108.2 Choi, I. H., W. Y. Prk nd Y. J. Kim, 2010. Effets of dietry grli powder nd - toopherol supplementtion on performne, serum holesterol levels, nd met qulity of hiken. Poult Si. 89,1724-1731. Collington, G.K., D. S. Prk nd D.G. Armstrong, 1990. The influene of inlusion of oth n ntiioti nd proioti in the diet on the development of digestive enzyme tivity in the Pig. Br. J. Nutr., 64;59-70. Demir, E., K. Kilin, Y. Yildirim, F. Diner nd H. Eseeli, 2008. Comprtive effets of mint, sge, thyme nd flvomyin in whetsed roiler diets. Arhiv Zootehni 11; 3,54-63. 79
Irqi J. Poultry Si. 10 (1): 77 88. 2016 Aziz et. l. Demir, E., S. Sri, M.A. Ozn nd M. Suimez, 2003. The use of nturl feed dditives s lterntives for n ntiioti growth promoter in roiler diet. Br. Poult. Si., 44: S44- S45 Diner, J. J. nd J.D. Rihrds, 2005. Antiioti growth promoters in griulture: History nd mode of tion. Poult. Si., 84; 634-643. Dieumou, F. E. A., J.R. Tegui, J. D. Kuite, N. B. Tmokou, A. Fonge nd M. C. Dongmo, 2009. Effets of ginger (Zingier offiinle) nd grli (Allium stivum) essentil oils on growth performne nd gut miroil popultion of roiler hikens. Livestok Reserh for Rurl Development. 21 (8) 21. Dunn, D. B., 1955. Multiple rnge nd multiple F- test.biometris, 11: 1-42. Elgi, H. A. A., W. I. A. El-Amin, K. M. Elmin nd H. E. E. Mlik, 2013. Effet of dietry grli (Allium stivum) supplementtion s feed dditive on roiler performne nd lood profile. J. Anim. Si. Adv., 3(2): 58-64 Fdlll, I.M.T., B.H. Mohmmed nd A.O. Bkhiet, 2010. Effet of feeding grli on the performne nd immunity of roilers. Asin J. Poult. Si., 4: 182-189. Grdzielewsk, J., K. Pudyszk, T. Mjewsk, M. Jkuowsk nd J. Pominowski, 2003. Effet of plnt-supplemented feeding on fresh nd frozen storge qulity of roiler hiken met. Eletroni J. Polish Agri. Univ., 6: 12-12. Geng Onii, E., O.E. Adeisi, A.N. Fjemisin nd A.V. Adetunji, 2009. Response of roiler hikens in trims of performne nd met qulity of grli (Allium stivum) supplementtion. Afr. J. Agri. Res. 4: 511-517. Horton, G.M.J., M.J. Fennell nd B.M. Prsd, 1991. Effet of Dietry Grli (Allium stivum) on Performne, Crss Composition nd Blood Chemistry Chnges in Broiler Chikens. Cn. J. Anim. Si. 71:939-942. Khn, H.S., R. Srdr nd M.A. Anjum, 2007. Effets of dietry grli on performne nd serum nd egg yolk holesterol onentrtion in lying hens. Asin J. of Poult. Si., 1: 22-27. Kumr, M., R.S. Choudhry nd J.K. Vishnv, 2005. Effet of supplementl preioti, proioti nd turmeri in diet on the performne of roiler hiks during summer. Indin J. of Poult. Si., 40 (2):137-141. Lewis, M.R., S.P. Rose, A.M. Mkenzie nd L.A. Tuker, 2003. Effets of dietry inlusion of plnt extrts on the growth performne of mle roiler hikens. Brit. Poult. Si. 44 (Suppl. 1), S43 S44. Mnsou, N.H. nd M.A. Nezhdy, 2011. Effet of grli, thyme nd yogurt ompred to ntiiotis on performne, immunity nd some lood prmeters of roiler hikens. Indin J. of Anim. Si. 81 (12): 1197 1200. Mrilynn, L., 2001. Effet of grli on lood lipids in prtiles with oronry hert disese. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 34: 2100-2103. Merj, I.C.A., 1998. Effet of grli nd neem leves supplementtion on the performne of roiler hikens. M.S. Thesis, Dept.of Poult. Si., Univ. of Agri., Fisld, Pkistn. Nvid Mnsou, H., 2011. Comprtive effets of using grli s proioti on performne nd serum omposition of roiler hikens. Annls of iologil Res., 2 (3):486-490. 80
زىكىة وجاسن هجمة عمون الدواجو العراقية )0( 07 77-88 8706 Nutrient Requirements of Poultry (NRC): Ninth Revised Edition, 1994, Suommittee on Poultry Nutrition, Ntionl Reserh Counil. Onii, E.G., E.O. Adeisi, N. A. Fjemisin nd V.A. Adetunji, 2009. Response of roiler hikens in terms of performne nd met qulity to grli (Allium stivum) supplementtion. Afr. J. of Agri. Reserh 4(5):511-517. Pourli, M., S.A. Mirghelenj nd H. Kermnshhi, 2010. Effets of grli powder on produtive performne nd immune response of roiler hikens hllenge with Newstle disese virus. Glol Veterinri. 4(6):616-621. Reesi, M., S.A. Hoeini-Alid, A. Roofhee, A. Zre Shhneh nd S. Pirli, 2010. Effet of periodilly use of grli (llium stivum) powder on performne nd rss hrteristis in roiler hikens. World Ademy of Si., Engine. Tehno. 68; 1213-1219. Rivlin, R.S., 2001. Historil perspetive on the use of grli. J. Nutr. 131 (3S), 951S 954S. Shleiher, A., Z. Fritz nd S. Kinl, 1998. Zstosownie wyrnyh ziół w miesznkh treiwyh dl kurzt rzenyh [The use of some hers in onentrtes for roiler hikens]. Roz. Nuk. Zooteh. 25(3): 213-244 (in Polish). Tekeli, A., L. Celik, H. R. Kutlu nd M. Gorgulu, 2006. Effet of dietry supplementl plnt extrts on performne, rss hrteristis, digestive system development, intestinl miroflor nd some lood prmeters of roiler hiks. Proeedings of 12th Europen Poultry Conferene, Sept. 10-14, Veron, Itly, pp: 307-308. Tekeli, A., H. R. Kutlu, L. Celik, I. Vr, E. Yurdkul nd A. Avı, 2008. The use of Propolis s n lterntive to ntiioti growth promoters in roiler diets. Proeedings of 23rd World's Poultry Congress, June 30-July 4, Brisne, Austrli, pp: 482-482. Xlstt. Xlstt-Pro.User s Mnul. Addinsoft,Pris, Frne, 230p., 2004. تأثري إضافة هستويات خمتلفة هن الثوم يف االداء االنتاجي لفروج اللحن ازاد عبد الكرين هحهد رؤوف حسيو هجيد عطوف عبد الرحين عزيز كمية الزراعة جاهعة السميهاىية املستلل الهدف من هذه الدراسة لتق م تأث رات الثوم على أداء فروج الالحم. تم تخص ص ستة وتسعون وزعت الدجاج الالحم التجاري )روس 878( بعمر وم واحد بشكل عشوائ إلى 4 معامالت مع 4 مكررات )84 والمجموعة الس طرة تغذ ة طب عى دون افراخ لكل المعاملة( خالل 6 اسابع شملت معامالت التجربة T1 )النظام الغذائ االساس (. T3 و T2 T4 تحتوي مسحوق الثوم الخام التكم ل ف المستوى 0 أضافات الثوم و 8 و 5 ملغم الثوم /كغم العلف على التوال. تم ق اس أداء المعاملة النمو ذبحت 8 الط ور لكل مكرر ف نها ة تزداد معنو ا (0.05> P) وزن الجسم ز ادة الوزن التجربة لتق م خصائص الذب حة والعضالت ووفقا للنتائج استهالك العلف وأفضل معامل تحو ل غذائ مقارنة مع مجموعة الس طرة خالل كل الفترة التجر ب ة عندما تغذ ة الط ور 5 ملغم الثوم /كجم العلف. وكذلك أعلى قطع ات الذب حة الصدر الفخذ واوزان االجنحة عندما 81
Irqi J. Poultry Si. 10 (1): 77 88. 2016 Aziz et. l. تغذ ة 5 ملغم الثوم / كغم العلف وحققت أدنى الوزن عند تغذ ة 1 ملغم الثوم / كغم ف العلف كما األوزان ال وجد فرق كب ر )0.05 <P( ب ن المعامالت المختلفة ف االوزان الكبد القانصة و القلب. أظهرت 82