Section Two Chapter 1 Herbs for relieving superficial syndrome (Biao Zheng) 解表藥 (23) A. Pungent & warm 辛溫解表 (13) Pungent, warm, SD of wind cold: no sweating, aversion to cold/fever, pain, sp/tense pulse Other SD: itching, wind-damp (bi-sd), asthma, edema 1. ***Ma Huang: Nature/tastes: warm, pungent, mild bitter Meridian: LU, UB Functions/indication: 1) induce sweating and relieve ext-sd: no sweating, + gui zhi 2) disperse LU qi and stop asthma: asthma due LU qi obstruction If wind cold, + xing ren, gan cao If fluid retention, + xi xin, gan jiang, ban xia If LU heat, + shi gao, xin ren, gan cao 1
3) promote urination and relieve edema: edema due to wind (water), + sheng jiang, bai zhu Dosage: for decoction: 2-9 sheng (raw) ma huang: ext-sd Zhi (honey) ma huang: asthma Precaution: strong in inducing sweating, NOT for patient with sweating, NOT for def asthma 2.****Gui zhi taste/nature: warm, pungent, sweet; HT, LU, UB Functions/indication: 1) induce sweating and relieve muscle (the exterior): wind cold SD (common cold), no sweating: + ma huang sweating: + bai shao 2) warm meridian and remove blockage from meridian: chest pain by cold/yang blockage: + zhi shi, xie bai palpitation: + zhi gan cao, ren shen, e jiao 3) warm /transform yang qi : phlegm-fluid retention, + fu ling, bai zhu edema: + fu ling, ze xie 2
Dosage: for decoction; 3-9g Precaution: PUNGENT, WARM, NOT for excess heat, yin def, bleeding, NOT for pregnancy 3. Zi Su Ye pungent, warm LU, SP 1) relieve ext SD, disperse cold: mild wind cold attack, + sheng jiang if cough, + xin ren if qi stg in chest, + xiang fu, chen pi 2) warm middle jao and stop vomiting: ST/SP qi stg, chest (qi) stg if cold, + huo xiang if heat, + huang lian if morning sickness, + chen pi, sha ren 3) relieve toxin from fish/crab 5-9g boil for a short time (zi) su geng Pungent, sweet, mild warm; LU, SP, ST expand chest, benefit diaphragm, calm fetus 3
qi stg in chest and abd; restlessness of fetus 5 to 10g Boil for a shorter time 4. Sheng Jiang (Raw ginger) Mild warm, pungent,lu, SP 1) disperse wind cold ext-sd due to wind cold + ma huang, gui zhi 2) warm the middle jia and stop vomiting --- V due to cold, + ban xiao V due to heat, + zhu ru, huang lian ST pain, poor appetite: Cold severe: + gao liang jiang, hu jiao SP def: + ren shen, bai zhu special herb for stopping vomiting ban xia (toxic) + sheng jiang = xiao ban xia tang 3) warm LU and stop cough + other dispersing cold and stopping cough herbs 4) detoxify reduce toxic effect of ban xia, tian nan xing, fish, crab 3-9g NOT for yin def, excess heat 4
Sheng Jiang Pi Pungent, cool, promote urination, edema contraindication: yin def, 5. Xiang Ru Whole of grass, part above the ground Pungent, mild warm LU, SP, UB 1) disperse wind cold, resolve dampness and harmonize middle jiao common cold (ext-wind cold SD) damp in middle jiao + Huo Xiang, Cang zhu summer Ma Huang 2) promote urination and relieve + bay zhu 5 to 10 g 5
boil short time 6. Jing Jie (Sui) Pungent, mild warm LU, LV 1) disperse wind (cold) and relieve ext SD and ext- wind heat SD effect: moderate wind cold: + fang feng, qiang huo wind heat: + bo he (mint), lian qiao, jie geng 2) clear head, benefit throat, stop itching headache red eye sore and itching thoat itching skin 3) promote eruption of measles/skin rashes 4) stop bleeding (charred Jing jie) 6
6-12g Boil for a shorter time Note: reprehensive herb for ext wind 7. Fang Fang ( 防风 prevent wind) root pungent, mild warm, sweet UB, LV, SP 1) disperse wind and relieve ext SD wind cold SD: + jing jie, qiang huo, qian hu wind heat SD: + jing jie, huang qin, bo he, lian qiao 2) disperse wind damp, stop pain Bi- SD due to wind cold and damp + qiang huo, dang gui 3) stop convulsion Tetanus + tian nan xing, bai fu zi, tian ma 7
3 to 10g NOT for yin def, blood def Note: reprehensive herb for ext wind 8. Qiang Huo Root, stem in ground Pungent, warm, bitter UB, KI 1. disperse wind and cold ext SD due to wind cold (with damp) + fang feng, bai zhi, xi xin 2. disperse wind-damp, stop pain go to area of UB distribution : pain in the four limbs, the head, nape, back (joints pain) + fang feng 3-12g not for yin def, not for interior dry heat Note: strong in dispersing wind cold and stop pain 8
9. Bai Zhi ( 白芷 white) Root Pungent, warm, LU, ST 1) disperse wind and relieve exterior SD headache/nose obstruction, + fang feng, qiang huo 2) stop pain headache (supra-orbital bone), toothache + chuang xiong, fang feng pain in joints 3) clear nose Rhinitis + cang er zi, xin yi hua (because of the pungent and aromatic) 4) dry dampness Leucorrhea + bai zhu fuling for damp cold + haung bai, chen qian zi for damp heat 5) reduce swelling 9
ext carbuncles, boils with pus + gua lou, bei mu, pu gong yin others: stop itching (skin wind damp) 3 to 10 g 10. Xi Xin ( 细辛, thin, pungent) Whole grass, or hair of root Pungent, warm mild toxic LU, KI 1) disperse wind and cold SD due to wind cold 2) clear nose Rhinitis + bai zi, xin yi hua, bo he 3) stop pain Headache: + qiang huo, chuang xiong, bai zhi 10
Toothache: + bai zhi + shi gao, huang qin for heat/fire 4) warm LU and stop cough/asthma + gan jiang (dry ginger), ma huang, wu wei zi 5. 1-3g (decoction); 0.5 to 1g not for yin def 11. Gao Ben Pungent, warm UB Root stem Disperse wind cold, wind-damp, stop pain: SD of wind cold damp + headache: + bai zhi, chuan xiong pain of joints: + qiang huo, fang feng, cang zhu 3-10 g, Not for blood def, not for excess heat 11
not for yin def, and dry heat 12. Cang Er Zi ( 苍耳 ear 子 seed) Bitter, pungent, mild toxic, warm, LU 1) clear nose, disperse wind cold, -SD of wind cold -rhinorhea, with pus + bai zi, 2) disperse wind damp, stop pain bi-sd 3-10g, never over dosage, not for long term use 12
13. Xin Yi Hua ( 辛 pungent 夷 ) Pungent, warm LU 1) disperse wind cold 2) clear nose rhinitis, headache 3-9g, wrapped with cloth, Summary: 1) Pairs of herbs Ma huang Gui zhi Jin jie fang feng Xin yi hua cang er zi 2) Strong herbs: Ma huang, xi xin, qiang huo 3) stopping pain herb 13
Qiang huo, bai zhi, gao ben, xi xin 4) Ma huang: dilate bronchia asthma Xi xin: warming herb, <3g Gui zhi: HT yang Xin yi hua, ca er zi: nose herb Xiang ru: summer ma huang Fang feng, jing jie; wind herbs Zi su ye: disperse warm dryness Xi xin, qiang huo, bai zhi, gao ben: headache Xi xin, bai zhi: toothache Exercises 1. For exterior wind cold syndrome manifested as aversion to cold, no sweating, floating and tense pulse, first choice should be ( ) a. gui zhi b. zi su c. ma huang d. fang feng 2. For wind cold syndrome manifested as cough, profuse sputum and stuffy chest (by qi stagnation), the first choice should be ( ) a. sheng jiang b. fang feng c. zi su ye d. jing jie 3. To treat wind cold attack exteriorly and damp attack interiorly, seen as aversion to cold, fever, headache, no sweating, it s better to choose ( ) 14
a. gui zhi b. xiang ru c. qiang huo d. ma huang 4. Severe headache, body ache due to wind cold plus damp attack, the best choice is ( ) a. ma huang b. zi su ye c. qiang huo d. xi xin 5. Bai zhi is good at treating headache of ( ) meridian a. yang ming b. tai yang c. jue yin d. shao yang 6. ( ) is capable at dispersing exterior cold and also warming the lung and resolving body fluid retention for stopping cough and asthma. a. sheng jiang b. bai zhi c. xi xin d. ma huang 7. ( ) can disperse wind heat and arrest convulsion, so be used to treat baby crying at night. a. bo he b. chan tui c. fang feng d. ju hua 8. ( ) is a herb for fever, stiffness of neck/back. 15
a. chai hu b, ge gen c. niu bang zi d. sheng ma 9. ( ) combines with chai hu to raise prolapsed internal organ. a. huang qin, b. xi xin, c sheng ma, d. ge gen Short Answer Questions 1. Please compare ma huang and gui zhi 2. Please compare jing jie and fang feng 16