Name the 5 Basic Levels of Organization in Living Things Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organism What is HOMEOSTASIS? The process by which your body maintains a stable internal environment. What is a TISSUE? A collection of the same type of cells working together to perform a function. Name some examples of SPECIALIZED CELLS. Nerve Cells Muscle Cells Skin Cells Red Blood Cells Bone Cells and 215 more! What is an ORGAN? A collection of different tissue types working together to perform a function. List the major STRUCTURES in the Digestive System Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine What is an ORGAN SYSTEM? A complete set of organs working together to perform a function. What are the functions of the SMALL INTESTINE? 1. Finish digestion of some foods 2. Absorb digested nutrients into the bloodstream Which organ systems did we study? Digestive Skeletal Muscular Nervous Cardiovascular What is the major function of the LARGE INTESTINE? Absorb excess water from fecal waste. Give one example of how our bodies maintain HOMEOSTASIS. Our muscles shiver to warm us up and we sweat to cool down to maintain a steady internal temperature of 98.6 F. What are the main FUNCTIONS of the Digestive System? 1. Break down foods to be absorbed and used by cells. 2. Remove harmful wastes from indigestible foods. Large Intestine
How does the Digestive System help our bodies maintain HOMEOSTASIS? Supplies energy for all other body systems to work. Salivary Glands Esophagus Liver Gall Bladder Stomach Large Intestine Small Intestine What are the 4 major STRUCTURES in the Skeletal System? Bones Cartilage Joints Ligaments Name the 4 main FUNCTIONS of the Skeletal System. Support Protection Movement Red Blood Cell Formation How does the Skeletal System help our bodies maintain HOMEOSTASIS? Responds to stresses by getting stronger. Adjusts the amount of RBC s in your blood. Describe how the Skeletal System works with another Organ System to help our bodies maintain HOMEOSTASIS. Works with Muscular System by pulling on the bones to produce movement.
Skull Sternum Spinal Column Pelvis Femur Patella Tibia & Fibula Clavicle Scapula Humerus Radius & Ulna Mandible What are the 2 Major STRUCTURES in the Muscular System? Muscles & Tendons Name the 3 TYPES of Muscles. Skeletal Cardiac Smooth Describe SKELETAL MUSCLE Outer body Connected to bones Voluntary Describe CARDIAC MUSCLE Make the Heart Involuntary
Describe SMOOTH MUSCLE Around Organs Involuntary Describe how the Muscular System works with one other Organ System to help our bodies maintain HOMEOSTASIS. Works with the Nervous System to move your body from dangerous situations. What are the 3 major FUNCTIONS of the Muscular System? Movement Posture Heat What did the Hand Model demonstrate? How the Muscular System works with the Skeletal System to produce movement. To produce all types of movement, Skeletal Muscles almost always come in? PAIRS Deltoid How does the Muscular System help our bodies maintain HOMEOSTASIS? Change in response to physical demands. Temperature control. Pectoralis Biceps Triceps Quadriceps Hamstrings What is the main FUNCTION of the Nervous System? COMMUNICATION between Organ Systems Into what two major REGIONS is the Nervous System divided? Central & Peripheral Nervous Systems Describe the Central Nervous System Brain & Spinal Cord Describe the Peripheral Nervous System All nerves that are NOT part of the CNS
A How does the Nervous System help our bodies maintain HOMEOSTASIS? A B B A Sensory Receptor B Muscle Cells C A Sensory Input B Integration C Motor Output A A PNS B CNS B Tells other organ systems how to adjust to changing conditions inside and outside of the body. Cell Body Dendrites Axon Cerebrum What does the CEREBELLUM do? What does the CEREBRUM do? Brain Stem Cerebellum Higher order thinking. Muscle coordination What does the BRAIN STEM do? Basic body functions Describe how a message is carried along the nerves. Electrical impulse is received by the dendrites and carried by the axon where it releases a chemical to stimulate the next nerve. Describe how the Nervous System works with one other Organ System to help our bodies maintain HOMEOSTASIS. With the Digestive System to let us know when we are hungry and full.
What are the major FUNCTIONS of the Cardiovascular System? Brings oxygen and nutrients to cells. Removes wastes from cells. Fights infection. List the 3 major PARTS of the Cardiovascular System. Heart Vessels Blood What are the 4 main components of BLOOD? Plasma Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets What do RED BLOOD CELLS do? Carry oxygen to all body cells. What do WHITE BLOOD CELLS do? Fight infection What do PLATELETS do? Blood clotting List the 3 types of BLOOD VESSELS. Arteries Veins Capillaries Describe what an ARTERY is. Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood AWAY from the heart to the body cells. Describe what a VEIN is. Blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood BACK to the heart to get more oxygen. Describe what a CAPILLARY is. Small blood vessels that release the oxygen to the body cells. The point at which the arteries become veins. How does the Cardiovascular System help our bodies maintain HOMEOSTASIS? Delivers essential materials throughout body. Right Atrium
Describe the flow of blood through the heart starting at the Right Atrium. O 2 poor blood from body Left Atrium Right Ventricle Left Ventricle Right Atrium