New Jersey Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment Substance Abuse Overview 2016 Passaic County

New Jersey Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment Substance Abuse Overview 2016 Passaic County Department of Human Services Division of Mental Health and Addiction Services Office of Planning, Research, Evaluation and Prevention Trenton, New Jersey June 2017

Chris Christie Governor Kim Guadagno LT. Governor DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SERVICES DIVISION OF MENTAL HEALTH AND ADDICTION SERVICES PO BOX 700 TRENTON, NJ 08625 June 2017 Elizabeth Connolly Acting Commissioner Valerie L. Mielke Assistant Commissioner This statewide Substance Abuse Overview provides statistics on substance abuse treatment in New Jersey for calendar year 2016. As of May 2017, there were 76,509 treatment admissions and 74,291 discharges in 2016 reported to the New Jersey Department of Human Services, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Services by substance abuse treatment providers. These reports were submitted through the web-based New Jersey Substance Abuse Monitoring System (NJSAMS). A new table for Substance Abuse Treatment Demand Estimate is included in this report. The Statewide Overview includes: State Totals for Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions Substance Abuse Admissions by County and Primary Drug Substance Abuse Admissions by Primary Drug within County Substance Abuse Admission Rates by County and Primary Drug Map for Number of Substance Abuse Admissions by County of Residence First Time Clients by County of Residence and Primary Drug Admissions by Age Group, Gender, and Primary Drug State Totals for Substance Abuse Treatment Discharges Length of Stay by Level of Care Detox Continuing Care Status and Detox Continuing Care by Level of Care Substance Abuse Treatment Demand Estimate Reports for individual counties can be found by clicking on the county names. If you have any questions about this report you may contact us by email at: Suzanne.Borys@dhs.state.nj.us, Limei.Zhu@ dhs.state.nj.us, Yohannes.Hailu@dhs.state.nj.us. Sincerely, Suzanne Borys, Ed. D., Assistant Division Director Office of Planning, Research, Evaluation, and Prevention

New Jersey Substance Abuse Monitoring System (NJ-SAMS) Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions 1/1/2016-12/31/2016 Passaic County Residents Primary Drug** Highest School Grade Completed Alcohol 1,057 24% Completed High School 2,249 51% Heroin 1,973 45% Some College 736 17% Other Opiates 204 5% Cocaine 303 7% Employment Status Marijuana 665 15% Unemployed 1,015 23% Other Drugs 158 4% Student 142 3% Not in Labor Force 2,031 46% Intravenous Drug Users 1,462 33% Employed Full/Part Time 1,178 27% Smoke Tobacco (Yes)** 2,768 63% Living Arrangement Homeless 506 12% Level of Care Dependent Living/Institution 824 19% Outpatient Care (OP) 1,175 27% Independent Living 3,036 69% Intensive Outpatient (IOP) 1,178 27% Partial Hospitalization 145 3% Marital Status Opioid Maintenance OP 409 9% Single/Divorced 3,741 86% Opioid Maintenance IOP 36 1% Married/Civil Union 411 9% Extended Care 0 0% Widowed 41 1% Halfway House 235 5% Separated 179 4% Long-Term Residential 346 8% Short-Term Residential 248 6% Legal Problem* Hospital Based Residential 0 0% None 1,582 36% Detox Residential 576 13% Case Pending 434 10% Detox Hospital 0 0% Probation/Parole 1,233 28% Detox Outpatient Non-Methadone 3 0% DWI License Suspension 373 9% Detox Outpatient Methadone 0 0% Drug Court 896 20% Non-traditional Program 1 0% DCCP/Family Court 268 6% Early Intervention 20 0% Other 140 3% Medication Assisted Therapy Planned in Treatment Arrest in the Last 30 Days (Yes) 214 5% Methadone 460 11% Suboxone 91 2% Special Population* DCCP/CPSAI 390 9% Referral Source DWI/DUI 697 16% Self-referral 1,405 32% Developmental Disability 10 0% Family/Friend 92 2% Blind and Visually Impaired 8 0% Addiction Services Program 363 8% Deaf and Hard of Hearing 9 0% Workforce NJ SAI 188 4% DCCP/CPSAI 184 4% Federal Poverty Level (0-133%)** 3,457 61% Mental Health 34 1% Criminal Justice 1,408 32% Health Insurance* Interim Managing Entity (IME) **,*** 0% No Insurance 1,737 40% IDRC 330 8% Medicaid 2,346 54% Other 368 8% Medicare 81 2% Private Insurance 523 12% Sex Other Insurance 25 1% Male 3,168 72% Female 1,203 28% Treated in County of Residence 3,330 76% Pregnant Women (Yes)** 46 1% County Where Patient Was Treated Atlantic 28 1% Middlesex 23 1% Age Bergen 220 5% Monmouth 62 1% Under 18 83 2% Burlington 2 0% Morris 177 4% 18-21 224 5% Camden 4 0% Ocean 13 0% 22-24 380 9% Cape May 0 0% Passaic 3,330 76% 25-29 800 18% Cumberland 8 0% Salem 0 0% 30-34 721 16% Essex 256 6% Somerset 9 0% 35-44 897 21% Gloucester 12 0% Sussex 78 2% 45-54 941 22% Hudson 102 2% Union 17 0% 55 and over 326 7% Hunterdon 20 0% Warren 2 0% Mercer 9 0% Other 0 0% Race/Ethnicity White (non-hispanic) 1,945 44% Fee For Service Admissions 1,880 43% Black (non-hispanic) 1,226 28% Fee For Service Unique Clients 1,247 41% Hispanic Origin 1,154 26% Other 47 1% Total Admissions = 4,372 *Totals may be greater than 100% because of multiple responses. Unduplicated Clients Admitted = 3,029 **Percentage calculations excluded missing values.

New Jersey Substance Abuse Monitoring System (NJ-SAMS) Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions 1/1/2016-12/31/2016 Passaic County Treatment Sites Primary Drug** Highest School Grade Completed Alcohol 1,942 23% Completed High School 4,521 54% Heroin 4,389 52% Some College 1,722 21% Other Opiates 413 5% Cocaine 497 6% Employment Status Marijuana 848 10% Unemployed 1,714 20% Other Drugs 302 4% Student 105 1% Not in Labor Force 4,812 57% Intravenous Drug Users 3,617 43% Employed Full/Part Time 1,761 21% Smoke Tobacco (Yes)** 6,041 72% Living Arrangement Homeless 1,009 12% Level of Care Dependent Living/Institution 1,413 17% Outpatient Care (OP) 1,585 19% Independent Living 5,972 71% Intensive Outpatient (IOP) 1,411 17% Partial Hospitalization 138 2% Marital Status Opioid Maintenance OP 516 6% Single/Divorced 7,248 86% Opioid Maintenance IOP 39 0% Married/Civil Union 670 8% Extended Care 0 0% Widowed 87 1% Halfway House 438 5% Separated 394 5% Long-Term Residential 679 8% Short-Term Residential 1,827 22% Legal Problem* Hospital Based Residential 0 0% None 3,005 36% Detox Residential 1,739 21% Case Pending 1,143 14% Detox Hospital 4 0% Probation/Parole 2,414 29% Detox Outpatient Non-Methadone 0 0% DWI License Suspension 589 7% Detox Outpatient Methadone 0 0% Drug Court 1,675 20% Non-traditional Program 1 0% DCCP/Family Court 583 7% Early Intervention 22 0% Other 252 3% Medication Assisted Therapy Planned in Treatment Arrest in the Last 30 Days (Yes) 582 7% Methadone 635 8% Suboxone 58 1% Special Population* DCCP/CPSAI 944 11% Referral Source DWI/DUI 1,748 21% Self-referral 2,392 28% Developmental Disability 18 0% Family/Friend 248 3% Blind and Visually Impaired 12 0% Addiction Services Program 1,271 15% Deaf and Hard of Hearing 16 0% Workforce NJ SAI 563 7% DCPP/CPSAI 335 4% Federal Poverty Level (0-133%)** 7,440 67% Mental Health 82 1% Criminal Justice 2,436 29% Health Insurance* IDRC 441 5% No Insurance 3,149 37% Interim Managing Entity (IME) 32 0% Medicaid 5,420 65% Other 631 8% Medicare 116 1% Private Insurance 398 5% Sex Other Insurance 60 1% Male 5,913 70% Female 2,483 30% Treated in County of Residence 3,330 40% Pregnant Women (Yes)** 98 1% County of Residence Atlantic 250 3% Middlesex 190 2% Age Bergen 751 9% Monmouth 194 2% Under 18 41 0% Burlington 137 2% Morris 716 9% 18-21 393 5% Camden 263 3% Ocean 417 5% 22-24 816 10% Cape May 106 1% Passaic 3,330 40% 25-29 1,819 22% Cumberland 68 1% Salem 22 0% 30-34 1,489 18% Essex 574 7% Somerset 61 1% 35-44 1,710 20% Gloucester 159 2% Sussex 310 4% 45-54 1,576 19% Hudson 295 4% Union 301 4% 55 and over 555 7% Hunterdon 60 1% Warren 56 1% Mercer 129 2% Other 10 0% Race/Ethnicity White (non-hispanic) 4,691 56% Fee For Service Admissions 4,543 54% Black (non-hispanic) 1,960 23% Fee For Service Unique Client 3,050 52% Hispanic Origin 1,675 20% Other 73 1% Total Admissions = 8,399 *Totals may be greater than 100% because of multiple responses. Unduplicated Clients Admitted = 5,812 **Percentage calculation excluded missing values.

Substance Abuse Admissions by Municipality and Primary Drug 2016 NJ Resident Admissions Primary Drug Total Passaic County Alcohol Cocaine/ Heroin Other Marijuana/ Other Unknown Crack Opiates Hashish Drugs N % N % N % N % N % N % N % N % BLOOMINGDALE 15 1 1 0 21 1 3 1 2 0 1 1 1 8 44 1 CLIFTON CITY 118 11 16 5 128 6 22 11 54 8 7 4 1 8 346 8 HALEDON 15 1 3 1 47 2 4 2 12 2 2 1 83 2 HAWTHORNE 27 3 9 3 32 2 2 1 1 0 5 3 76 2 LITTLE FALLS TWP 24 2 4 1 25 1 2 1 3 0 2 1 60 1 NORTH HALEDON 9 1 10 1 2 1 1 1 22 1 PASSAIC CITY 155 15 62 20 132 7 14 7 110 16 14 9 1 8 488 11 PATERSON CITY 401 38 167 55 1018 52 78 38 376 56 88 56 2 17 2130 49 POMPTON LAKES 31 3 1 0 38 2 3 1 7 1 2 1 1 8 83 2 PROSPECT PARK 9 1 3 1 23 1 5 1 4 3 44 1 RINGWOOD 21 2 1 0 19 1 11 5 3 0 1 1 1 8 57 1 TOTOWA 30 3 2 1 20 1 10 5 3 0 65 1 WANAQUE 22 2 2 1 20 1 2 1 7 1 2 1 55 1 WAYNE TWP 56 5 15 5 117 6 17 8 18 3 11 7 1 8 235 5 WEST MILFORD TWP 45 4 1 0 93 5 14 7 11 2 9 6 2 17 175 4 WOODLAND PARK 6 1 3 1 21 1 3 1 7 1 1 1 41 1 NOT Stated 73 7 13 4 209 11 17 8 48 7 6 4 2 17 368 8 Total 1057 100 303 100 1973 100 204 100 667 100 156 100 12 100 4372 100

Substance Abuse Admissions by Primary Drug within Municipality 2016 NJ Resident Admissions Passaic County Primary Drug Total Alcohol Cocaine/ Crack Heroin Other Opiates Marijuana/ Hashish Other Drugs Unknown N % N % N % N % N % N % N % N % BLOOMINGDALE 15 34 1 2 21 48 3 7 2 5 1 2 1 2 44 100 CLIFTON CITY 118 34 16 5 128 37 22 6 54 16 7 2 1 0 346 100 HALEDON 15 18 3 4 47 57 4 5 12 14 2 2 83 100 HAWTHORNE 27 36 9 12 32 42 2 3 1 1 5 7 76 100 LITTLE FALLS TWP 24 40 4 7 25 42 2 3 3 5 2 3 60 100 NORTH HALEDON 9 41 10 45 2 9 1 5 22 100 PASSAIC CITY 155 32 62 13 132 27 14 3 110 23 14 3 1 0 488 100 PATERSON CITY 401 19 167 8 1018 48 78 4 376 18 88 4 2 0 2130 100 POMPTON LAKES 31 37 1 1 38 46 3 4 7 8 2 2 1 1 83 100 PROSPECT PARK 9 20 3 7 23 52 5 11 4 9 44 100 RINGWOOD 21 37 1 2 19 33 11 19 3 5 1 2 1 2 57 100 TOTOWA 30 46 2 3 20 31 10 15 3 5 65 100 WANAQUE 22 40 2 4 20 36 2 4 7 13 2 4 55 100 WAYNE TWP 56 24 15 6 117 50 17 7 18 8 11 5 1 0 235 100 WEST MILFORD TWP 45 26 1 1 93 53 14 8 11 6 9 5 2 1 175 100 WOODLAND PARK 6 15 3 7 21 51 3 7 7 17 1 2 41 100 NOT Stated 73 20 13 4 209 57 17 5 48 13 6 2 2 1 368 100 Total 1057 24 303 7 1973 45 204 5 667 15 156 4 12 0 4372 100

2016 Passaic Substance Abuse Admissions by Municipality of Residence Admission Counts 22-44 45-83 84-235 236-488 489-2130 Top Five Municipalities 1 Paterson City 2130 2 Passaic City 488 3 Clifton City 346 4 Wayne Township 235 5 West Milford Township 175 Wayne Township Paterson City Clifton City Passaic City Data: NJSAMS 2017 May Download Report Date: June, 2017 NJ Department of Human Services Division of Mental Health and Addiction Services Research, Planning, Evaluation and Prevention Office ¹0 0.5 1 2 3 Miles

Admissions by Municipality of Residence, Age Group and Primary Drug 2016 NJ Resident Admissions Passaic County Alcohol Drugs Total* 18 & Over Under 18 Total 18 & Over Under 18 Total 18 & Over Under 18 Total N % N % N % N % N % N % N % N % N % BLOOMINGDALE 15 100 15 100 27 96 1 4 28 100 42 98 1 2 43 100 CLIFTON CITY 118 100 118 100 214 94 13 6 227 100 332 96 13 4 345 100 HALEDON 15 100 15 100 68 100 68 100 83 100 83 100 HAWTHORNE 27 100 27 100 49 100 49 100 76 100 76 100 LITTLE FALLS 24 100 24 100 36 100 36 100 60 100 60 100 TWP NORTH HALEDON 9 100 9 100 13 100 13 100 22 100 22 100 PASSAIC CITY 152 98 3 2 155 100 303 91 29 9 332 100 455 93 32 7 487 100 PATERSON CITY 400 100 1 0 401 100 1720 100 7 0 1727 100 2120 100 8 0 2128 100 POMPTON LAKES 31 100 31 100 51 100 51 100 82 100 82 100 PROSPECT PARK 9 100 9 100 34 97 1 3 35 100 43 98 1 2 44 100 RINGWOOD 20 95 1 5 21 100 34 97 1 3 35 100 54 96 2 4 56 100 TOTOWA 30 100 30 100 34 97 1 3 35 100 64 98 1 2 65 100 WANAQUE 22 100 22 100 31 94 2 6 33 100 53 96 2 4 55 100 WAYNE TWP 56 100 56 100 173 97 5 3 178 100 229 98 5 2 234 100 WEST MILFORD 45 100 45 100 126 98 2 2 128 100 171 99 2 1 173 100 TWP WOODLAND 6 100 6 100 35 100 35 100 41 100 41 100 PARK NOT Stated 71 97 2 3 73 100 280 96 13 4 293 100 351 96 15 4 366 100 Total 1050 99 7 1 1057 100 3228 98 75 2 3303 100 4278 98 82 2 4360 100 * Missing primary drug or age admissions are not included.

Admissions by Age Group, Gender and Primary Drug 2016 NJ Resident Admissions PASSAIC GENDER TOTAL Female Male N % N % N % 0-17 Alcohol 4 57 3 43 7 100 Other Opiates 1 100 1 100 Marijuana/Hashish 16 24 51 76 67 100 Other Drugs 1 17 5 83 6 100 Unknown 1 100 1 100 Total 21 26 61 74 82 100 18-24 Alcohol 22 24 69 76 91 100 Heroin 108 45 133 55 241 100 Other Opiates 9 26 25 74 34 100 Marijuana/Hashish 49 24 154 76 203 100 Other Drugs 12 36 21 64 33 100 Unknown 1 50 1 50 2 100 Total 201 33 403 67 604 100 25-59 Alcohol 227 25 680 75 907 100 Heroin 488 29 1202 71 1690 100 Other Opiates 43 26 125 74 168 100 Marijuana/Hashish 81 21 310 79 391 100 Other Drugs 115 28 289 72 404 100 Unknown 2 22 7 78 9 100 Total 956 27 2613 73 3569 100 60&Over Alcohol 9 17 43 83 52 100 Heroin 14 33 28 67 42 100 Other Opiates 1 100 1 100 Marijuana/Hashish 5 100 5 100 Other Drugs 2 13 14 88 16 100 Total 25 22 91 78 116 100 Total Alcohol 262 25 795 75 1057 100 Heroin 610 31 1363 69 1973 100 Other Opiates 52 25 152 75 204 100 Marijuana/Hashish 146 22 520 78 666 100 Other Drugs 130 28 329 72 459 100 Unknown 3 25 9 75 12 100 Total 1203 28 3168 72 4371 100 * Unknown age or gender admissions are not included.

New Jersey Substance Abuse Monitoring System (NJ-SAMS) Substance Abuse Treatment Discharges 1/1/2016-12/31/2016 Passaic County Residents Level of Care Living Arragements Outpatient Care (OP) 1,158 27% Homeless 308 7% Intensive Outpatient (IOP) 1,047 25% Dependent Living/Institution 873 21% Partial Hospitalization 129 3% Independent Living 2,952 70% Opioid Maintenance OP 441 10% Opioid Maintenance IOP 28 1% Employment Status Extended Care 2 0% Unemployed 878 21% Halfway House 245 6% Student 96 2% Long-Term Residential 325 8% Not in Labor Force 1,676 40% Short-Term Residential 240 6% Employed Full/Part Time 1,483 35% Hospital Based Residential 0 0% Detox Residential 557 13% Detox Hospital 21 0% Reasons for Discharge or Treatment not Completed Detox Outpatient Non-Methadone 3 0% Treatment Plan Completed 2,060 49% Detox Outpatient Methadone 5 0% Quit or Dropped Out 1,224 29% Non-Traditional Program 10 0% Needs Different Level of Care 290 7% Early Intervention 17 0% Unable to Meet Client's Other Needs 18 0% Administrative Discharge 213 5% Sex Exhaustion of Payment Source 15 0% Male 3,063 72% Incarcerated 78 2% Female 1,164 28% Medical Discharge/Deceased 30 1% Other 128 3% Age Under 18 52 1% Continuing Care 18-21 190 4% No Continuing Care Needed 950 22% 22-24 370 9% Refused or Unable to Continue 592 14% 25-29 762 18% Continue Care 1,209 29% 30-34 703 17% Not Assessed 1,477 35% 35-44 883 21% 45-54 934 22% Significant Problems or Conditions 55 and over 334 8% Mental Health Problem 921 22% Compulsive Gambling 18 0% Physical Disability or Handicap 63 1% Race/Ethnicity Victim of Physical Abuse or Neglect 193 5% White 1,896 45% Victim of Sexual Abuse 139 3% Black 1,202 28% Pregnancy 32 1% Hispanic 1,084 26% Suicide Attempt 37 1% Other 45 1% Runaway Behavior 299 7% Neglect or Abuse of Own Children 149 4% Child of Substance Abuser 231 5% Mental Illness/Co-Occurring Disorder Batterer 28 1% 2,460 58% Criminal Activity 965 23% Other 253 6% Client Goal Achieved/Partially Achieved * Alcohol or Drug Problem 2,459 61% Arrested in the Last 30 days (Yes) 157 4% Educational 1,024 59% Employment or Vocational 1,241 57% County Where Patient Was Treated Family Situation 1,502 61% Atlantic 30 1% Middlesex 29 1% Psychological or Mental Health 1,297 62% Bergen 192 5% Monmouth 57 1% Physical Health 1,516 66% Burlington 1 0% Morris 153 4% Legal 1,444 59% Camden 4 0% Ocean 5 0% Cape May 0 0% Passaic 3,293 78% Drug and Alcohol Use Cumberland 9 0% Salem 0 0% Not Using Alcohol or Drugs 2,365 56% Essex 243 6% Somerset 9 0% Using Alcohol 181 4% Gloucester 13 0% Sussex 66 2% Using Drugs 556 13% Hudson 87 2% Union 12 0% Unknown 1,116 26% Hunterdon 18 0% Warren 2 0% Mercer 5 0% Other 0 0% Total Discharges = 4,228 Unduplicated Clients Discharged = 2,959 * Percentage for goal achievement based on total clients for whom goal was applicable. All other percentages are based on total discharges.

New Jersey Substance Abuse Monitoring System (NJ-SAMS) Substance Abuse Treatment Discharges 1/1/2016-12/31/2016 Passaic County Treatment Sites Level of Care Living Arragements Outpatient Care (OP) 1,584 19% Homeless 615 7% Intensive Outpatient (IOP) 1,278 16% Dependent Living/Institution 2,280 28% Partial Hospitalization 122 1% Independent Living 5,184 63% Opioid Maintenance OP 537 7% Opioid Maintenance IOP 37 0% Employment Status Extended Care 1 0% Unemployed 2,239 27% Halfway House 398 5% Student 102 1% Long-Term Residential 639 8% Not in Labor Force 3,691 45% Short-Term Residential 1,826 22% Employed Full/Part Time 2,047 25% Hospital Based Residential 0 0% Detox Residential 1,746 21% Detox Hospital 5 0% Reasons for Discharge or Treatment not Completed Detox Outpatient Non-Methadone 0 0% Treatment Plan Completed 4,764 58% Detox Outpatient Methadone 5 0% Quit or Dropped Out 1,999 24% Non-Traditional Program 10 0% Needs Different Level of Care 405 5% Early Intervention 22 0% Unable to Meet Client's Other Needs 20 0% Administrative Discharge 370 5% Sex Exhaustion of Payment Source 22 0% Male 5,749 70% Incarcerated 124 2% Female 2,458 30% Medical Discharge/Deceased 77 1% Other 206 3% Age Under 18 40 0% Continuing Care 18-21 354 4% No Continuing Care Needed 1,269 15% 22-24 782 10% Refused or Unable to Continue 1,180 14% 25-29 1,762 21% Continue Care 3,398 41% 30-34 1,467 18% Not Assessed **,*** 29% 35-44 1,696 21% 45-54 1,554 19% Significant Problems or Conditions 55 and over 555 7% Mental Health Problem 2,698 33% Compulsive Gambling 34 0% Physical Disability or Handicap 110 1% Race/Ethnicity Victim of Physical Abuse or Neglect 442 5% White 4,584 56% Victim of Sexual Abuse 339 4% Black 1,906 23% Pregnancy 63 1% Hispanic 1,636 20% Suicide Attempt 140 2% Other 77 1% Runaway Behavior 1,185 14% Neglect or Abuse of Own Children 322 4% Child of Substance Abuser 580 7% Mental Illness/Co-Occurring Disorder Batterer 31 0% 5,760 70% Criminal Activity 2,484 30% Other 368 4% Client Goal Achieved/Partially Achieved* Alcohol or Drug Problem 5,463 69% Arrested in the Last 30 days (Yes) 241 3% Educational 2,481 69% Employment or Vocational 1,952 57% County of Residence Family Situation 2,707 63% Atlantic 237 3% Middlesex 188 2% Psychological or Mental Health 2,985 68% Bergen 687 8% Monmouth 183 2% Physical Health 3,576 74% Burlington 138 2% Morris 725 9% Legal 2,626 62% Camden 248 3% Ocean 425 5% Cape May 107 1% Passaic 3,293 40% Drug and Alcohol Use Cumberland 67 1% Salem 25 0% Not Using Alcohol or Drugs 5,644 69% Essex 563 7% Somerset 61 1% Using Alcohol 259 3% Gloucester 159 2% Sussex 281 3% Using Drugs 750 9% Hudson 281 3% Union 299 4% Unknown 1,550 19% Hunterdon 55 1% Warren 52 1% Mercer 118 1% Other 18 0% Total Discharges = 8,210 Unduplicated Clients Discharged = 5,827 * Percentage for goal achievement based on total clients for whom goal was applicable. All other percentages are based on total discharges.