STRUCTURAL ORGANSTAION IN ANIMALS ANIMAL TISSUES :- Are Classified in to four types 1.Epithelal Tissues 2.Connective Tissues 3.Muscular Tissues 4.Neural Tissues Vikasana - CET 2012
1.Epithelial Tissues Cells are arranged in one or more layers Cells are held together by three types of junctions like tight junctions, adhering junctions and gap junctions Cells are compactly arranged. There are two types epithelial tissue a. Simple epithelium b. Compound epithelium Vikasana - CET 2012
Types of Simple Epithelium Squamous epithelium Cuboidal epithelium Columnar epithelium
SQUAMOUS EPITHILIUM Single thin layer of flattened cells with irregular boundaries They found in walls of blood vessels and air sacs of lungs.
COBOIDAL EPITHILIUM Cells are cube like with single layer Found in ducts of glands and tubular parts of nephrons.
COLUMNAR EPITHILIUM Cells are tall pillar like Nuclei are located at the base Free surface may have microvelli. They found in the lining i of stomach and intestine.
CILIATED EPITHILIUM The columnar or cuboidal cells bear cilia on their free surface they are called ciliated epithelium. Their functions to move particles or mucus in a specific direction over the epithelium.
GLANDULAR EPITHILIUM Some of the columnar or cuboidal cells get specialised for secretion are called glandular epithelium MULTICELLULAR GLAND
COMPOUND EPITHILIUM It is made of more than one layer They provide protection They found in the regions with rapid wear and tear
CONNECTIVE TISSUE There are three types of connective tissues Loose connective tissues Areolar and Adipose Dense connective tissues Regular Tendon and Ligament Irregular present in skin Specialized connective tissues Cartilage,bone and blood
AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE Macrophage Fibroblast Collagen Fibres Mast Cell
ADIPOSE TISSUE It store fats. Located beneath the skin. Vikasana - CET 2012
It is present in the tip of nose, outer ear, vertebral coloumn, limbs & hands in adults. CARTILAGE Vikasana - CET 2012
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BLOOD Vikasana - CET 2012
MUSCULAR TISSUES Muscle is made of many long cylindrical fibres. These fibers are composed of numerous fine fibrils are called myo fibrils. There are three types of muscles.skelital, smooth & cardiac Vikasana - CET 2012
SKELETAL MUSCLE Skeletal Muscle (striated, voluntary) Unbranched multinucliated. Vikasana - CET 2012
SMOOTH MUSCLE They are involuntary, non striated, visceral muscles. They are spindle shaped having Nucleus tapering ends. Uninucleate.
CARDIAC MUSCLE They found in heart Light and dark bands are present Involuntary Uninucleate They joined end to end by flat dens, zig zag junctions called intercalated discs or booster rings
MULTIPOLAR NEURON Vikasana - CET 2012
Vikasana - CET 2012 The common Indian earthworms are Pheretima&Lumbricus Cylindrical body with metamerism Anterior end consits of the mouth & the prostomium(mouth cover hl helps to open cracks in the soil)
Stomach contain calcife ros glands neutralise thehumic acid presnt in the soil. Typhlosole(foldigsofdo r salwallofintestine) l ll t ti ) Vikasana - CET 2012
Closed blood vascular system Consisting of blood vessels, capillaries &heart.blood glands produce blood cells and haemoglobin is dissolved in blood plasma Vikasana - CET 2012
Annelida --> Nephridia
Vikasana - CET 2012 Nephridia are coiled tubular segmentally arranged structures Three types Septal(sides of inter sgmental septa) Integumentary (body wall) Pharyngeal
Earth worm is hermophrodite(bisexual) There are two pairs of testes present in the 10th &11th segment.one pair of ovaries is attached at the inter segmental septum of the 12th &13th segments.mature sperm & egg cells and nuetritive fluid are deposited in cocoons produced d by the gland cells of clitellum.after three weeks each cocoon produce 2 20 baby b worms.development is direct. Vikasana Friends - CET of 2012 farmers.
MORPHOLOGY OF COCKROACH Vikasana - CET 2012
MOUTH PARTS OF COCKROACH Vikasana - CET 2012
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OF COCKROACH Vikasana - CET 2012
Respiratory system consists of a net work oftrachea that opens through ten pairs of small holes called spiracles.nervous system of cockroach consists of a series of fussed segmentally arranged ganglia and a double ventral nerve cord.nerve cord bears nine ganglia,three in the thorex and six in the abdomenthe nervous system of cockroach is spread through h out the body. the head holds a bit of a nervous system so that the head of acockroach is cut off it will still live for as long as one week.
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Abdomin is narrow,anal styles are present A pair of testes- vasadeferens opens in to ejaculatory duct through seminalvesicle. Sperms are stored in the seminal vesicle which are discharged during copulation. Vikasana - CET 2012
Each ovary is formed of 8 ovarian tubules. Firtilized eggs are encased in capsules called oothica Vikasana - CET 2012
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Excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys. Ureters, cloaca and urinary bladder. Dark red bean shaped kidneys situatedposteriorly in the body cavity on either sides of the vertebral column.structural and functional units called nephrons.frog is a ureotelic animal The system for controle and coordination is highly evolved in the frog. It includes both neural system and endocrine glands.nervous system consists of CNS,PNS and ANS Brain is divided in to fore brain, mid brain and hind brain Vikasana - CET 2012
Vikasana - CET 2012
Vikasana - CET 2012