Quick and Sustainable Energy GLICO NUTRITION CO. LTD.

Quick and Sustainable Energy GLICO NUTRITION CO. LTD.

Pre- Intra- Post- Enhance Stamina Maintain Performance Fast Recovery Improve Muscle Glycogen Resynthesis Promote Muscle Protein Synthesis by Intake together with Amino acid. Glycogen Muscle Carb Liver Carbohydrate Loading Improve Glycogen Level in Body 2

Muscle Glycogen and Protein Synthesis in Post Workout Muscle Glycogen Synthesis Glycogen Muscle Protein Synthesis Essential Amino Acid (EAA) Stimulate Protein Muscle glycogen resynthesis rate 100 80 60 40 20 0 Fin Workout 0h 50% down 2h later Previous study EAA 6-20g + Carb 30-40g pre- or post- workout Best composition still unclear (amount, ratio, or type ) 3

Difference Between Simple and High molecular weight (HMW) Carbohydrates Simple carbohydrate Glucose Low molecular weight = High Osmolality (180) Slow gastric emptying time(get) Abdominal discomfort High molecular weight = Low Osmolality (100,000~700,000) Fast GET No gastrointestinal disorder The solution will get to your muscles with great speed and efficiency!! 4

Non-treated HMW Carbohydrates However Non-treated HMW carbohydrates are hardly dissolved in water. 5

High Solubility Fast Gastric Emptying Time (Fast GET) Low Gastrointestinal Disorders Enhancement of Stamina Reduction of the Fatigue Reduction of Inflammatory Stress Enhancement of BCAA absorption 6

Internal test Exercise Strength 70% of 1 RM (Repetition Maximum) 7

n n n n n n Subjects:6 health male volunteer Test samples: Cluster Dextrin: 75g + Leucine 8g in 500 ml water Placebo: Glucose 75g + Leucine 8g in 500 ml water Exercise:5 sets of 10 leg extension, bench press, and sit-ups Blood collection:after exercise (before taking test sample) and Schedule Protocol 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 min after taking test sample 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 rest exercise Blood collection lunch (U don ) taking test sam ple Measurement: Blood glucose, insulin and leucine 8

Result Blood Leucine (average) 250 * :Significantly Higher Plasma leucine concentration (% of 0 min) 200 150 100 50 0 After exercise * 0 5 10 20 30 45 60 90 120 min * * * Cluster Dextrin Glucose Data are means ± S.E. n=6 * p > 0.05 (paired t-test) 9

Result Leucine AUC (Area under the curve) AUC (n mol min/ml) P = 0.015 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 Glucose glucose Cluster CCDDextrin Data are means ± S.E. n=6 * p > 0.05 (paired t-test) * 10

What is Cluster Dextrin? Amylopectin (Corn Starch) Enzyme reaction Molecular weight (Mw) distribution Cluster Dextrin Highly Branched Cyclic Dextrin(HBCD) Average Mw 400kDa Narrow Mw distribution Long side chain 11

High solubility in Water Stability of Various Dextrin Solutions 5% Solution after 3 cycles of freezing and thawing DE 1~2 Cluster Dextrin DE2 DE5 DE8 DE12 High Molecular Weight Low Maltodextrin 12

Fast Gastric Emptying Time (GET) Echo Pylorus Antrum Stomach 10% solution 350ml Measurement Cross Sectional Area 0 min 15 min? 15 min later Before drinking After 0 min Cluster Dextrin (10% 350ml) Glucose (10% 350ml) In the case of Cluster Dextrin solution, the stomach area decreased faster than glucose. 13

GET of Various Composition Relationship between GET and osmotic pressure of test solutions (10% carbohydrate solution, 300ml) Cluster Dextrin Maltodextrin(DE16) Sucrose + Maltose * Glucose Drink based on Cluster Dextrin Drink based on Maltodextrin(DE16) Japanese Sports Drink A (using Fructose-Glucose) Japanese Sports Drink B(using Fructose) 1/2 Gastric Emptying time(min) 40 30 20 10 0 10% solution + Best Osm * 0 200 400 600 Osmotic Pressure(mOsm) +Vitamin, Electrolyte, Amino acid, etc 1/2 Gastric Emptying time(min) 40 30 20 10 0 Treated drink 0 200 400 Osmotic Pressure(mOsm) 14

Low Gastrointestinal Disorders 30min Ergo Meter Test Mean times of belching / subject 5 4 3 2 1 0 Mean Times of belching a b Water a Cluster Dextrin b Malto dextrin b Glucose Feeling of Flatulence Water Cluster Dextrin Maltodextrin DE16 Glucose Water Cluster Dextrin Maltodextrin (DE16) Glucose 15

Result Enhancement of Stamina Swimming time until exhaustion (%) Swimming test Administration: Water, Glucose, or Cluster Dextrin 75% VO 2 Max 5min 10 times 90% VO 2 Max until exhausted +Measurement of swimming time * 1.5 times 200% p<0.05 Means±SE 150% 100% 50% 0% Water Glucose Cluster Dextrin 16

Time (min) -60 Rest Reduction of Fatigue 0 30 60 75 90 120 post Warm up (40 % VO 2 Max) 60 % VO 2 Max 60 % VO 2 Max Gradually increasing load Result Borg scale (amount of change) 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0-0.5 15g of Cluster Dextrin or maltodextrin in 200mL water Maltodextrin(DE19) Cluster Dextrin 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 ** min Data are shown as average ± SE (n=24) ** ; p<0.01 * ; p<0.05 (Wilcoxon signed-rank test) * 17

Reduction of Inflammatory Stress [Duathlon race] 5 km running 40 km cycling 5 km running Results 600 ml 200 ml 1000 ml 200 ml Collect blood and urine Drink test drink (5% Cluster Dextrin or 5% glucose) <Interleukin(IL)-8> <Interleukin(IL)-10> <Noradrenaline> 18

Cluster Dextrin ~Taste Masking Effect~ Helical structure Composed of 6 glucoses per turn Glucan chain Guest material Inclusion 19

Taste Improvement 1BCAA Reduces bitterness 2+Citric Acid Reduces acidity 3+Cluster Dextrin Data are shown as means (n=10) The evaluation was carried out with five grade 1 BCAA (1.6%) 2 BCAA (1.6%)+Citric acid (0.75%) 3 BCAA (1.6%)+Citric acid (0.75%)+Cluster Dextrin (2%) 20

High Solubility Fast Gastric Emptying Time (Fast GET) Low Gastrointestinal Disorders Enhancement of Stamina Reduction of the Fatigue Reduction of Inflammatory Stress Enhancement of BCAA absorption Taste Masking 21