Southeast Asia and China FMD Campaign Ronello C. Abila SEACFMD Regional Coordinator OIE Sub-Regional Representative for SE Asia
OUTLINE SEACFMD Campaign FMD Status Risk factors The new SEACFMD Roadmap 2020
The South East Asia and China Foot and Mouth Diseases (SEACFMD) Campaign Brunei, China and Singapore joined in 2010 Approved by the OIE General Assembly in May 25, 2010, PARIS
Formally established in 1997 by 7 founding members (Cambodia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam) Regional Coordination Unit (RCU) established in Bangkok in 1997 under an agreement between OIE and Thailand Indonesia (FMD free country) became a member in 2000 4 Phases: Phase 1 from1997-2001 Phase 2 from 2001-2005 Phase 3 from 2006-2010 Phase 4 from 2011-2015
Objectives To coordinate animal disease control activities between countries, provide technical advice, ensure coherent strategies, and seek political and financial support to achieve FMD Freedom in the Region in year 2020. SEACFMD approach serves as a model for regional coordination, not only for FMD, but for a range of other transboundary and zoonotic diseases.
Program Management International Coordination Public Awareness Surveillance, Diagnosis and Control SEAFMD Campaign Policy, Legislation, Zoning Regional Research Private Sector Monitoring & Evaluation
SEACFMD Coordination FMD National Coordinator LabNet focal point EpiNet focal point Communication focal point FMD Control and Eradication
SEACFMD Reporting System
SEACFMD Reporting System
SEACFMD Reporting System
FMD in South East Asia Serotype O - - the most common; 3 topotypes SE Asia endemic in the region Myanmar 98 Cambodia 84 Pan Asia introduced in late 1990s; originally traced from India and spread to several countries Cathay pig adapted, present in Vietnam 1997 to present; confirmed in Thailand and Malaysia in 2005,
Serotype A - Present in Thailand (yearly outbreaks) 1 st reported in Malaysia in 2003 and in Vietnam in 2004 Sporadic in Lao PDR ( 2003 and 2006/2007) Serotype Asia 1 - Sporadic outbreaks in Myanmar and Vietnam Not seen in Thailand, Lao PDR, Malaysia and Cambodia since 2000 Last seen in Myanmar in 2005 and Vietnam in 2007
FMD serotypes in Southeast Asia Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Cambodia??? O O O, A O, A O, A??? O Indonesia NO OUTBREAK Lao PDR O, A O O A O, A O O O Malaysia O, A O, A O O, A O O, A O O Myanmar O O O, Asia 1 O O O O O, A Philippines O O O NO OUTBREAK Thailand O, A O, A O, A O, A O, A O, A O, A O, A Viet Nam O O, A O, A Asia 1 O, A O, A, Asia 1 O O, A O, A Reference: SEACFMD Monthly Outbreak Report
FMD Status 2001-2010 Country 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Cambodia 3 46 20 40 43 45 4 39 41 139 Lao PDR 66 12 35 49 4 103 60 55 18 10 Malaysia 26 12 15 18 41 59 70 137 98 65 Myanmar 30 28 7 28 18 43 14 11 21 11 Thailand 145 81 209 119 92 44 34 52 47 35 Vietnam 11 18 13 20 23 1 073 44 61 211 281 Total 281 197 299 274 221 1 367 226 355 436 541
2010 FMD outbreaks in SE Asia
2010 FMD outbreaks in China
FMD Status 2001-2010 in SE Asia (as of December 2010)
FMD trend in 2011
Risk Factors
Cattle/Buffalo movement
Animal Movement studies Joint FAO-ADB/OIE SEAFMD Animal Movement study in the GMS Animal Focus on borders qualify the risk of disease transmission along this pathway of movement In close collaboration with ACIAR ULM Project AusAID/Murdoch/DAFF SPSCB Project in the MTM
Sources of animals Critical points Hotspots
Districts with FMD outbreaks 2007-2009 2009
Districts with FMD outbreaks 2007-2009 2009
Animal movement critical points and FMD Hotspots
Cambodia Cattle population density; animal movement pattern and Cumulative FMD outbreaks from 2005-2009
Lao PDR 200 100 15 600 500 200 1 500 700 100 600 500 700 350 2500 to 3000 : 60% CATTLE 40% BUFFALOS 700 500 500 700 2000 3000 450 CATTLE mainly Buffalos Formal cattle & buffalos movement Informal cattle & buffalos movement Suspected cattle & buffalos movement 15 000 CATTLE Mainly 450 15 000 CATTLE Mainly Area of animals storage identified 1 000 70% CATTLE Main transaction points identified 30% BUFFALOS 450 Main beef & buffalos meat demand locations: volume in heads per month 380 CATTLE 600 15 700 Volume estimate: heads per month Main Cattle & Buffalos movements in Lao PDR (2008-2009) Cattle population density; animal movement pattern and Cumulative FMD outbreaks from 2005-2009
Myanmar Cattle population density; animal movement pattern and Cumulative FMD outbreaks from 2005-2009
Malaysia Cattle population density; animal movement pattern and Cumulative FMD outbreaks from 2005-2009
Thailand Cattle population density; animal movement pattern and Cumulative FMD outbreaks from 2005-2009
Vietnam Cattle population density; animal movement pattern and cumulative FMD outbreaks from 2005-2009
Animal movement critical points and FMD Hotspots
SEACFMD 2020 Roadmap
Background Changes in the epidemiology of FMD viruses Predominant outbreaks of type O (Myanmar 98) Need to closely monitor other strains ( absence of Asia 1) New developments of the socio-economic dimensions Increasing demands in China, Malaysia and Vietnam More roads, faster transport Changes of animal production systems
New SEACFMD Roadmap 2020 Strategies Reduce FMD prevalence by targeting hotspots and critical points Decreasing the prevalence at source` and critical points along the animal movement pathways Hotspots = foci, endemic source Critical points = amplification point
New SEACFMD Roadmap 2020 Strategies Pursue zoning in the most advanced area of FMD control Set up control/eradication zones in areas once the incidence of disease has been decreased to low levels and the likelihood of recurrence is reduced.
FMD Zones in SE Asia and China
New SEACFMD Roadmap 2020 Strategies Maintain and expand FMD free zones Zones which are currently free will be protected by increasing the focus on quarantine and movement management at zone or countries borders.
Specific control strategies Risk based approach Vaccination as a primary means to reduce prevalence and cut-down transmission Surveillance network enhancing early detection Laboratory support for rapid diagnosis Animal movement management Communication and public awareness Private sector and other stakeholder Policy advocacy
Proposed new Article in the OIE Code Progressive Control Pathway 5 Output: Dossier submitted to OIE for free without vaccination OIE Free without vac OIE Free with vac 4 Output: Dossier submitted to OIE for free with vaccination 2 3 Output: FMD confined to very limited sub-sectors Output: Specific segments under control Discontinuos circulation OIE Programme Endorsement OIE Not Free 1 Output: Critical risk points addressed 0 Risk not controlled Continuous FMDV circulation
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