OBSAH 2/2006 L. ZATLOUKAL: Přesvědčení o rodinných vztazích - vybrané teoretické koncepce a nástin jejich aplikace v praxi rodinné terapie 95 M. ŠPOTÁKOVÁ - E. KRETOVÁ: Teória mysle u detí z rómskych osád: Porovnanie s deťmi maďarskej menšiny 113 M. TATALA: Vyjadrovanie náboženských citov deťmi predškolského veku 125 METODIKY A KONZULTÁCIE E. FARKAŠOVÁ - B. KUNDRÁTOVÁ: Implementácia psychodiagnostických metodík pre rómskych žiakov do poradenskej praxe 135 I. UČEŇ: Meranie niektorých aspektov rečovej činnosti detí zo znevýhodneného sociálneho prostredia 153 KRÁTKE INFORMÁCIE E. KOUBEKOVÁ: Sociálna akceptácia a sociálna opora v kontexte kvality života adolescentov s telesným postihnutím 161 SPRÁVY Správa o stave a podmienkach poskytovania odborných služieb v oblasti výchovného poradenstva, pedagogickej a psychologickej starostlivosti o deti v SR v školskom roku 2005/2006 (J. ŽAŠKOVSKÁ) 174 RECENZIE L. HŘÍBKOVÁ: Nadání a nadaní. Pedagogicko-psychologické přístupy, modely, výzkumy a jejich vztah ke školské praxi (V. DOČKAL) 183 U. WIRTZ: Vražda duše. Incest a jeho terapie (D. MORVAYOVÁ) 186 J. L. McBRIDE: Family behavioral issues in health and illness (D. KOPČANOVÁ) 187 C. COLL - J. PALACIOS - Á. MARCHESI et al.: Desarrollo psichológico y educación. 2. Psicología de la educación escolar (D. KOSTRUB) 189 I. STUCHLÍKOVÁ a kol.: Zvládání emočních problémů školáků (E. KRETOVÁ) 191
dieťaťa, 41, 2006, č. 2, s. 95-112. PŘESVĚDČENÍ O RODINNÝCH VZTAZÍCH - VYBRANÉ TEORETICKÉ KONCEPCE A NÁSTIN JEJICH APLIKACE V PRAXI RODINNÉ TERAPIE LEOŠ ZATLOUKAL Azylový dům pro muže, Olomouc, ČR BELIEFS ABOUT FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS - SELECTED THEORETICAL CONCEPTIONS AND THE OUTLINE OF THEIR APPLICATION IN FAMILY THERAPY PRACTICE Abstract: The article deals with differentiation and evaluation of beliefs about family relationships. It is possible to say that these beliefs significantly influence the fact how communication in families will work, what kind of atmosphere will be present in them, how the process of decision-making and conflict solving will take place, as well as many other aspects of family life. The correction of nonfunctional family beliefs can help families to function better. The article also delves into the model of relationship schemes and beliefs about family relations according to A. F. Koerner and M. A. Fitzpatrick, who differentiate four types of families on the basis of these beliefs. Furthermore, attention is directed to the Circumplex Model of Family Systems by D. H. Olson. The final part is focused on classical A. Ellis' criteria of evaluation of rationality and irrationality for purpose of assessing family beliefs. Key words: family system, beliefs, orientation to dialogue/conformity, cohesion, flexibility, family therapy
dieťaťa, 41, 2006, č. 2, s. 113-124. TEÓRIA MYSLE U DETÍ Z RÓMSKYCH OSÁD: POROVNANIE S DEŤMI MAĎARSKEJ MENŠINY MAGDALÉNA ŠPOTÁKOVÁ - ELENA KRETOVÁ Výskumný ústav detskej psychológie a patopsychológie dieťaťa, Bratislava THEORY OF MIND IN CHILDREN FROM ROMA SETTLEMENTS: COMPARISON WITH CHILDREN OF HUNGARIAN MINORITY Abstract: The contribution deals with the issues of cognitive development, particularly with the theory of mind research, and it analyzes certain aspects of the development of social cognitions in socially disadvantaged Roma children. It contains some basic information such as initiation into this issue of problems. Furthermore, presented are also some results of research of children in two characteristic environments (children from a settlement with Roma native language, and children with Hungarian native language). It appears that while the Roma children lag behind other children in classical tests of cognitive abilities, the development of their theory of mind takes place comparably with the development of this characteristic in children of Hungarian minority. Their worse results in the theory of mind tests can be explained by their lower language competence also in comparison with Hungarian children. Key words: theory of mind, Roma minority, Hungarian minority, false beliefs, cognitive development, social cognition
dieťaťa, 41, 2006, č. 2, s. 125-134. VYJADROVANIE NÁBOŽENSKÝCH CITOV DEŤMI PREDŠKOLSKÉHO VEKU MALGORZATA TATALA Katedra vývinovej psychológie Katolíckej univerzity v Lubline, Poľsko EXPRESSING RELIGIOUS FEELINGS BY PRESCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN Abstract. The aim of this contribution is to analyze results of the research on religious feelings of preschool children. A group of 90 children at the age of 4, 5, and 6 years were included in the study. The data were obtained by Piaget's exploratory interview with children (a picture method) and along by interviews with their mothers. A description of selected religious feelings in preschool children is presented and both emotional content and verbal expression are taken into consideration. Key words: religious feeling, children, preschool age
dieťaťa, 41, 2006, č. 2, s. 135-152. IMPLEMENTÁCIA PSYCHODIAGNOSTICKÝCH METODÍK PRE RÓMSKYCH ŽIAKOV DO PORADENSKEJ PRAXE EVA FARKAŠOVÁ - BRONISLAVA KUNDRÁTOVÁ Výskumný ústav detskej psychológie a patopsychológie, Bratislava IMPLEMENTATION OF PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC METHODOLOGIES FOR ROMA PUPILS INTO COUNSELING PRACTICE Abstract: The authors followed the use of newly developed psychodiagnostic tools (Test of School Competence for Socially Disadvantaged Children and RR Screening) in pedagogic-psychological counseling centers. On the basis of questionnaires and personal consultations, too, they found that the tests are positively perceived as alternative and orientation methodologies in testing of Roma children, i.e. pupils of special basic schools. Especially the visual and content aspect of the test material was highly valued, as it regards the experience, possibilities and abilities of the given group of children. In the same way, also working with the tests, transparency and intelligibility of the manuals belong to positively evaluated elements. Comments pertained to the difficulty of tasks, and utilizability of methodologies in practice was criticized. However, it appeared that some psychologists use the methodologies in an incorrect way. Key words: socially disadvantaged environment, little stimulating environment, Roma pupils, culturally relevant psychodiagnostic methodologies
dieťaťa, 41, 2006, č. 2, s. 153-160. MERANIE NIEKTORÝCH ASPEKTOV REČOVEJ ČINNOSTI DETÍ ZO ZNEVÝHODNENÉHO SOCIÁLNEHO PROSTREDIA IVAN UČEŇ Výskumný ústav detskej psychológie a patopsychológie, Bratislava DEVELOPMENT OF SOME ASPECTS OF SPEECH ACTIVITY OF CHILDREN FROM DISADVANTAGED SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Abstract: The study presents information on the development and standardization of a differential-diagnostic speech activity test intended for children of majority and Roma population in older preschool and younger school age. Recommendations for reeducation activities in children with deep substandard performance are part of the study too. Key words: differential diagnostics, factor analysis, regression analysis, interpolation, speech norms, acceleration of speech development
dieťaťa, 41, 2006, č. 2, s. 161-173. SOCIÁLNA AKCEPTÁCIA A SOCIÁLNA OPORA V KONTEXTE KVALITY ŽIVOTA ADOLESCENTOV S TELESNÝM POSTIHNUTÍM EVA KOUBEKOVÄ Výskumný ústav detskej psychológie a patopsychológie, Bratislava SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL SUPPORT IN THE CONTEXT OF QUALITY OF LIFE OF ADOLESCENTS WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITY Abstract: The study analyzes some social-psychological determinants of life satisfaction of physically disabled and intact adolescents - social acceptance in the school class and perceived social support. The results showed more negative emotional experiencing of position in the class by physically disabled girls. In the perception of social support and life satisfaction, the physically disabled did not differ from their intact peers. Fewer statistically confirmed relations between social acceptance and quality of life were found in physically disabled adolescents. Social support in girls is - more significantly than in boys - related to satisfaction in particular domains of life. Key words: quality of life, social acceptance, social support, adolescents with physical disability, intact population