Index Note: Page numbers of article title are in boldface type. A Abscess(es) in Crohn s disease, 168 169 IPAA and, 110 114 as unexpected finding in colorectal surgery, 46 Adhesion(s) trocars-related laparoscopy in colorectal surgery and, 220 221 Adolescent(s) colorectal considerations in inflammatory bowel disease, 268 269 polyposis syndromes, 267 268 polyps, 267 268 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status classification, 3 Anal fissure in Crohn s disease, 168 Anastomosis(es) colorectal complications of, 61 87. See also Colorectal anastomoses, complications of complications of after surgical management of Crohn s disease, 178 179 ilial pouch anal, 107 143. See also Ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) pelvic low anastomotic leak after recurrent pelvic surgery for, 204 206 Anastomotic failure in colorectal surgery mitigating risk for, 75 76 Anastomotic leak after low pelvic anastomosis recurrent pelvic surgery for, 204 206 Anastomotic stricture after colorectal anastomosis, 76 77 Anorectal Crohn s disease, 168 169 Anorectal malformations in neonates, 259 263 Anorectal stricture in Crohn s disease, 169 Anterior resection syndrome treatment of, 99 102 Surg Clin N Am 93 (2013) 287 297 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6109(12)00232-0 surgical.theclinics.com 0039-6109/13/$ see front matter ª 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
288 Index Antiadhesion barriers in colorectal surgery, 38 41 B Bladder function after protectomy, 97 99 Bleeding after colorectal anastomosis, 77 78 after surgical management of Crohn s disease, 177 178 C Cancer rectal. See Rectal cancer Candida albicans peristomal skin irritation due to, 154 155 Children colorectal considerations in, 251 272 childhood and adolescent disorders, 267 269 described, 251 early childhood disorders, 264 267 inflammatory bowel disease, 268 269 laparoscopy in unique aspects of, 269 neonatal disorders, 251 264. See also Neonate(s), colorectal considerations in polyposis syndromes, 267 268 polyps, 267 268 Chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction in neonates, 263 264 Colon duplications of in early childhood, 264 265 Colorectal anastomoses complications of, 61 87 anastomotic failure mitigating risk for, 75 76 anastomotic stricture, 76 77 bleeding, 77 78 described, 61 62 disease-related factors, 72 75 emergent surgery, 72 immunomodulator use, 73 74 inflammatory bowel disease, 73 74 infraperitoneal location of pathology, 72 73 steroid use, 73 74 patient-related factors, 70 71 surgeon-related factors, 62 69 intraoperative parameters, 67 69 perfusion, 62 64 resuscitation strategies, 66 67 supplemental oxygen, 66
technique, 65 66 tension, 65 Colorectal disorders pediatric, 251 272. See also Children, colorectal considerations in Colorectal surgery complications of surgical site related, 12 15 risk reduction through prehabilitation, 15 ERAS pathways in, 21 32. See also Colorectal surgery, fast-track pathways in evaluating patients undergoing cardiac evaluation and optimization, 2 4 in estimation and minimization of morbidity and mortality, 1 20 hepatic evaluation and optimization, 8 9 preoperative evaluation, 2 pulmonary evaluation and optimization, 4 8 renal evaluation and optimization, 9 12 fast-track pathways in, 21 32 bowel preparation in, 23 described, 21 22 diet advancement in, 26 27 drainage in, 27 fluid management in, 24 25 laparoscopic vs. open procedures in, 24 pain management in, 25 26 patient selection for, 22 23 preoperative evaluation in, 22 23 protocol modifications in, 28 readmissions following, 27 SCIP measures in, 27 intraoperative adjuncts in, 33 43 antiadhesion barriers, 38 41 described, 33 drains after pelvic surgery, 33 35 omentoplasty, 37 proximal diversion, 35 37 laparoscopy in, 217 230. See also Laparoscopy, in colorectal surgery prevalence of, 33 risks related to counseling high-risk patients, 15 16 robotic, 273 286. See also Robotic colorectal surgery unexpected intraoperative findings in, 45 59 abscess, 46 damage control in elective setting for, 54 56 described, 45 46 endometriosis, 47 48 hostile abdomen, 51 52 Meckel diverticulum, 47 presacral bleeding, 52 54 right-sided diverticulitis, 47 stapler will not pass, 50 51 surgical challenges related to bowel length in, 48 50 Index 289
290 Index Colostomy ileostomy vs., 157 159 Contact dermatitis stoma and, 155 Conversion(s) in robotic colorectal surgery, 279 280 Crohn s disease anorectal, 168 169 described, 167 168 extraintestinal manifestations of, 179 180 inflammatory and fibrotic strictures in, 171 179 surgical management of approach to, 174 complications of, 177 179 endoscopic dilation in, 177 patient preparation for, 173 174 preoperative planning in, 171 172 small bowel strictureplasty in, 175 177 surgical planning in, 172 173 technical considerations in, 174 175 intestinal fistula in, 169 171 IPAA and, 125 128 surgical management of, 167 185 Cuffitis IPAA and, 123 D Dermatitis contact stoma and, 155 Diverticulitis right-sided as unexpected finding in colorectal surgery, 47 Drug(s) in enterocutaneous fistula management, 234 235 Duodenal fistula in Crohn s disease, 171 E Early childhood colorectal considerations in, 264 267 duplications of colon and rectum, 264 265 intussusception, 266 267 rectal prolapse, 265 Endometriosis as unexpected finding in colorectal surgery, 47 48 Endoscopic dilation in Crohn s disease, 177 Enteroatmospheric fistula described, 236 237
Index 291 management of, 236 244 effluent control/skin protection in, 239 241 surgical abdominal wall reconstruction in, 243 244 timing of, 242 243 prevention of, 237 239 Enterocolic fistula in Crohn s disease, 170 Enterocutaneous fistula in Crohn s disease, 170 management of background of, 231 233 controversies in, 231 250 nutrition in, 233 234 overview of, 231 233 pharmacologic, 234 235 wound care in, 235 236 Enteroenteric fistula in Crohn s disease, 170 ERAS pathways in colorectal surgery, 21 32. See also Colorectal surgery, fast-track pathways in Eye(s) Crohn s disease effects on, 180 F Familial adenomatous polyposis in children and adolescents, 267 268 Fast-track pathways in colorectal surgery, 21 32. See also Colorectal surgery, fast-track pathways in Fertility IPAA effects on, 119 120 Fissure(s) anal in Crohn s disease, 168 Fistula(s) in Crohn s disease. See specific types pouch vaginal IPAA and, 117 118 Fistula-in-ano in Crohn s disease, 168 169 G Gluteus maximus myocutaneous flap after reoperative pelvic surgery, 210 Gracilis flap after reoperative pelvic surgery, 211 H Hemorrhage IPAA and, 108 110
292 Index Hernia(s) parastomal, 146 150. See also Parastoma hernias port-site trocars-related laparoscopy in colorectal surgery and, 221 222 Hirschsprung disease in neonates, 252 256 I Ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) complications of, 107 143 acute, 108 114 abscess/leak, 110 114 hemorrhage, 108 110 chronic, 116 120 fertility-related, 119 120 pelvic sepsis, 116 117 pouch vaginal fistula, 117 118 stricture, 118 119 Crohn s disease, 125 128 cuffitis, 123 inadequate length, 115 116 irritable pouch syndrome, 123 124 long-term outcomes after, 131 134 pouch failure, 128 129 pouch neoplasia, 124 125 pouchitis, 120 123. See also Pouchitis salvage surgery following, 129 131 small bowel obstruction, 114 115 considerations in, 107 143 described, 107 long-term outcomes of, 116 120 treatment of complications of recurrent pelvic surgery for, 203 204 Ileostomy colostomy vs., 157 159 Inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents, 268 269 Intestinal fistula in Crohn s disease, 169 171 Intussusception in early childhood, 266 267 IPAA. See Ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) Irritable pouch syndrome IPAA and, 123 124 J Juvenile polyposis syndrome, 267 Juvenile polyps, 267
Index 293 L Laparoscopy in colorectal surgery, 217 230 complications of conversion-related, 224 226 intra-abdominal, 222 224 trocars-related, 218 222 described, 217 218 pediatric, 269 in rectal prolapse management, 193 Leak(s) IPAA and, 110 114 M Meckel diverticulum as unexpected finding in colorectal surgery, 47 Meconium ileus in neonates, 257 259 Meconium plug in neonates, 256 Meconium syndromes in neonates, 256 259 Musculoskeletal system Crohn s disease effects on, 179 180 N Neonate(s) colorectal considerations in, 251 264 anorectal malformations, 259 263 chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, 263 264 Hirschsprung disease, 252 256 meconium syndromes, 256 259 Neoplasia(s) pouch IPAA and, 124 125 Nutrition in enterocutaneous fistula management, 233 234 O Omental flap after reoperative pelvic surgery, 209 Omentoplasty, 37 P Parastoma hernias, 146 150 described, 146 diagnosis of, 147
294 Index Parastoma (continued ) prevention of, 149 150 risk factors for, 146 147 treatment of, 147 149 Pelvic anastomosis low anastomotic leak after recurrent pelvic surgery for, 204 206 Pelvic sepsis IPAA and, 116 117 Pelvic surgery recurrent, 199 215 described, 199 indications for anastomotic leak after low pelvic anastomosis, 204 206 IPAA complications, 203 204 recurrent rectal cancer, 200 203 multidisciplinary surgical team in, 208 209 soft tissue reconstruction after, 209 211 technical aspects of, 206 208 Perianal tags in Crohn s disease, 168 Peristomal skin irritation, 154 157 Peutz-Jeghers syndrome in children and adolescents, 267 Polyp(s) in children and adolescents, 267 268 Polyposis syndromes in children and adolescents, 267 268 Pouch failure IPAA and, 128 129 Pouch neoplasia IPAA and, 124 125 Pouch vaginal fistula IPAA and, 117 118 Pouchitis described, 120 diagnosis of, 121 122 IPAA and, 120 123 pathogenesis of, 120 121 treatment of, 122 123 Prehabilitation in risk reduction of surgical site related complications in colorectal surgery, 15 Protectomy outcomes following, 89 106 anterior resection syndrome, 99 102 bladder function, 97 99 described, 89 mesorectal dissection technique effects on, 92 93 preoperative factors affecting postoperative function, 91 92 reconstruction and function, 93 97
Index 295 sexual function, 97 TME technique, 92 93 Pyoderma gangrenosum stoma and, 155 157 R Radiation therapy as factor in protectomy outcome, 92 intraoperative for recurrent rectal cancer, 202 RCRI. See Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) Rectal cancer recurrent recurrent pelvic surgery for, 200 203 anterior and posterior pelvic exenteration in, 201 202 diagnostic considerations in, 200 201 indications for, 200 intraoperative radiation therapy in, 202 multimodality approach in, 202 palliative, 203 patient selection for, 200 rationale for, 201 reconstructive options in, 202 203 Rectal prolapse, 187 198 described, 187 188 in early childhood, 265 incarceration after, 193 194 recurrent, 194 195 treatment of abdominal vs. perineal approaches in, 188 190 fixation with rectopexy vs. mobilization without fixation, 191 192 laparoscopy in, 193 preservation vs. division of lateral ligaments with posterior rectopexy, 192 193 resection with rectopexy vs. rectopexy, 191 ventral vs. posterior repair, 192 Rectovaginal fistula in Crohn s disease, 168 169 Rectum duplications of in early childhood, 264 265 normal function of, 90 91 Recurrent pelvic surgery, 199 215. See also Pelvic surgery, recurrent Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI), 3 4 Right-sided diverticulitis as unexpected finding in colorectal surgery, 47 Robotic colorectal surgery, 273 286 advantages of, 274 276 conversions in, 279 280 described, 273 274
296 Index Robotic (continued) disadvantages of, 276 277 indications for, 274 lessons learned, 280 282 training for, 279 unique complications of, 277 279 external collisions, 277 278 increased operating times, 278 279 lack of tactile sensation, 277 proprioceptive and instrument challenges, 278 S Sexual function after protectomy, 97 Short bowel syndrome after surgical management of Crohn s disease, 178 179 Skin Crohn s disease effects on, 180 Skin irritation peristomal, 154 157 Small bowel obstruction IPAA and, 114 115 Small bowel strictureplasty in Crohn s disease, 175 177 Small left colon syndrome in neonates, 256 Somatostatin in enterocutaneous fistula management, 234 235 Stenosis(es) stoma and, 159 Stoma(s) complications of, 145 166. See also specific complications, e.g., Parastomal hernias colostomy vs. ileostomy, 157 159 high-output stomas, 152 154 parastomal hernias, 146 150 peristomal skin irritation, 154 157 stoma prolapse, 150 152 stoma retraction, 159 160 stricture/stenosis, 159 creation of described, 145 146 high-output, 152 154 Stoma prolapse, 150 152 Stoma retraction, 159 160 Stricture(s) anastomotic after colorectal anastomosis, 76 77 anorectal in Crohn s disease, 169 IPAA and, 118 119 stoma and, 159
Index 297 Surgery(ies) prior as factor in protectomy outcome, 92 T TME technique. See Total mesorectal excision (TME) technique Total mesorectal excision (TME) technique as factor in protectomy outcome, 92 93 Trocars complications related to laparoscopy in colorectal surgery and, 218 222 adhesions, 220 221 bleeding port sites, 219 220 insertion-related, 218 219 port-site hernias, 220 221 port-site tumor recurrence, 221 222 U Ureteral fistula in Crohn s disease, 171 V Vaginal fistula pouch IPAA and, 117 118 Vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap after reoperative pelvic surgery, 209 210 VRAM flap. See Vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap W Wound care in enterocutaneous fistula management, 235 236