Lecture 10 JOINTS of the FOOT. BY Dr Farooq Khan Aurakzai Dated: 20.02.2018
The joints of the foot are numerous. They are classified: A. Intertarsals B. Tarso metatarsals C. Intermetatarsals D. Metatarsophalangeal E. Interphalangeal.
Articulations 1. Intertarsal joints; (subtalar joint) Talocalcaneal joint Talocalcaneonavicular joint Calcaneocuboid joint SMALLAR Joints are Cunonavicular Cubiodonavicular Intercuniform Cuneocuboid joint. 2. Tarso metatarsal joints 3. Meta tarsophalangeal joints 4. Inter phalangeal joints
Articulations
Intertarsal joints On the under surface of talus there are 2 separate joints; The talocalcanean joint at the back The talocalcaneonavicular joint at the front which is more complicated 1.(subtalar joint) A.TalocalcaneanL joint Articulation: convex posterior articular facet of calcaneum with concave articular facet on the under surface of talus. The articular surfaces are covered with hyaline cartilage.
Type : plane synovial joint. SUBTALAR JOINT Capsule : encloses the joint and attached to the margins of articular areas of the two bones. Synovial membrane : lines the capsule Ligaments: Medial talocalcaneal ligament Lateral talocalcaneal ligament Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament Movements : inversion and eversion of foot.
Medial ligament Lateral ligament and interosseous ligament
B.Talocalcaneonavicular joint Articulation : Head of talus with navicular Under surface of head of talus with upper surface of sustantaculam tali and the spring ligament Articular surface is covered with hyaline cartilage.
Talocalcaneonavicular joint Type : synovial joint Capsule : incompletely encloses the joint. Ligaments : Synovial membrane : have a single synovial cavity with the subtalar joint. Movements : Gliding and rotatory movements are possible.
Subtalar joint Clinical significance Mobility Shock absorption Stability Function.. Inversion and eversion of foot
3.Transverse tarsal joints (midtarsal joints) Collective term for : a. Talonavicular joint and b. calcaniocuboidal joint
a. Talonavicular joint Articulation: Between the head of Talus and the posterior surface of the navicular bone. Type : Fibrous joint Ligaments : supported by dorsal, planter and interosseous ligaments.
b. Calcaneocuboid joint Articulation : anterior end of calcanium and posterior surface of cuboid. Articular surfaces covered with hyaline cartilage. Type : plane synovial joint Capsule : encloses the joint. Synovial membrane : It lines the capsule.
Bifurcate ligament
4.Cuneonavicular joint Articulation: between three cuniform and navicular Type : synovial gliding joint Capsule: strenghtened by planter and dorsal ligaments
5.Cuboidonavicular joint Articulation : between cuboid and navicular Type : fibrous joint Ligaments : supported by dorsal, planter and interosseous ligaments.
JOINT Cavities of FOOT. There are only six joint cavities in the intertarsal, Tarsometatarsal and intermetatarsal joints. These are: 1. Talocalcaneal joint. 2. Talocalcaneonavicular joint. 3. Calcaneocuboid 4. First Cuneometatarsal. 5. Cubometatarsal 6. Cuneonavicular with extension i.e: Navicular with three cuneiforms and second and third cuneometatarsals. Subtalar Joints
Tarsometatarsal joints and intermetatarsal joints Type : synovial plane joints Capsule : The first tarsometatarsal joint has it`s own capsule and synovial membrane. Rest of the tarsometatarsal joints are united by articular capsule. Ligaments : They are reinforced by planter,dorsal and interosseous ligaments.
Metatarsophalangeal joints Articulation : between head of metatarsal and the base of proximal phalynx. Capsule : they have articular capsule. Type : they are condyloid Ligaments : synovial joints. It is reinforced by planter and collateral ligament.
Inter Phalangeal Joint Articulation The interphalangeal articulations of the foot are the joints between the phalanges (bones) of the toes. Type.. They are hinge joints. Ligaments Each has a plantar (underside) and two collateral ligaments. (medial and lateral)
Mnemonic for Learning Tarsal Bones: Tiger Cubs Need M I L C Talus Calcaneus Navicular A boat It sails on the Cs Medial cuneiform (1) Intermediate cuneiform (2) Lateral cuneiform (3) Cuboid
FUNCTIONS OF FOOT 1. Accept vertical forces during heel strike. 2. Absorb and dissipate these forces across a flexible mid- and forefoot during inversion. 3. Provide propulsion as the foot becomes a rigid lever with eversion and toe-off
Buddy wrapping Buddy wrapping or buddy taping is the act of bandaging a damaged or particularly a fractured finger or toe together with a healthy one. The bandage or medical tape is usually stiff, not allowing the digits to move; the healthy digit acts as a splint, keeping the damaged one in a natural position for healing. Rest plays a major role in the healing process. Buddy wrapping may also be used for sprains, dislocations, and other injuries.
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