Biological & Psychosocial Effects of Peer Victimization. Daniel S. Pine, MD Emotion & Development Branch
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1 Biological & Psychosocial Effects of Peer Victimization Daniel S. Pine, MD Emotion & Development Branch
2 Outline Scope of Problem Genetics Peripheral Biological Indices Brain Structure & Function
3 Outline Scope of Problem Genetics Peripheral Biological Indices Brain Structure & Function
4 Bullying/Peer Victimization Common but understudied Impactful Complex Unique
5 Bullying/Peer Victimization Common but understudied
6 Bullying/Peer Victimization Common but understudied Range of values Definitions, methods Witnessed? Groups Victims ~25% Bullies ~10% Both ~ 5%
7 Bullying/Peer Victimization Common but understudied Range of values Copeland et al. 2014, 2015 Definitions, methods Witnessed? Groups Victims ~25% Bullies ~10% Both ~ 5%
8 Bullying/Peer Victimization Impactful
9 Bullying/Peer Victimization Mental Health Physical Health Success
10 Bullying/Peer Victimization Mental Health Physical Health Success Long-term (>10 years) Psychopathology Victims Bullies McDougall & Vaillancourt 2015 emotional problems conduct problems
11 Bullying/Peer Victimization Mental Health Physical Health Success Long-term (>10 years) Psychopathology Victims Bullies McDougall & Vaillancourt 2015 emotional problems conduct problems Wolke et al. 2013
12 Bullying/Peer Victimization Complex
13
14
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16 Bullying/Peer Victimization Unique
17 Bullying/Peer Victimization Maltreatment predicts many bad outcomes Unique
18 Bullying/Peer Victimization Maltreatment predicts many bad outcomes Unique
19 Bullying/Peer Victimization Maltreatment predicts many bad outcomes Unique social context? Unique Temporal proximity? Specificity in abuse types?
20 Outline Scope of Problem Genetics Peripheral Biological Indices Brain Structure & Function
21 Genetics Ball et al. 2008
22 Genetics Ball et al Not all studies are consistent (Brendgen et al. 2008) Twin studies of risk and of psychopathology Effects on stress response? (Ouellet-Morin et al. 2011)
23 Genetics Ball et al Molecular Genetics Candidate Genes Telomere shortening
24 Genetics Ball et al Molecular Genetics Candidate Genes Telomere shortening Shalev et al. 2012
25 Genetic influences Environmental influences Domains: Brain-Behavior Relationships
26 Genetic influences Negative Valence Domain Research Domains & Constructs Acute Threat Potential Threat Response to Loss Cognitive Control Cognitive Systems Domain Environmental influences Domains: Brain-Behavior Relationships
27 Genetic influences Circuit Function Amygdala - Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) PFC-Basal Ganglia Research Domains & Constructs Acute Threat Potential Threat Response to Loss Cognitive Control Environmental influences Domains: Brain-Behavior Relationships
28 Genetic influences Circuit Function Amygdala - Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) PFC-Basal Ganglia Research Domains & Constructs Acute Threat Potential Threat Response to Loss Cognitive Control Phenotypes Symptoms Behavior in Lab Cognitive Ability Hormones Autonomics Cytokines Brain Imaging Environmental influences Domains: Brain-Behavior Relationships
29 Outline Scope of Problem Genetics Peripheral Biological Indices Brain Structure & Function
30 Peripheral Biological Indices Range of Measures Hormones Autonomics Inflammation
31 Peripheral Biological Indices Range of Measures Hormones Cortisol Autonomics Inflammation Vaillancourt et al See also Hamilton et al. 2008; Hansen et al. 2006; Kliewer 2006; Knack et al. 2011; Ouellet-Morin et al. 2011a,b; see Miller et al for meta-analysis with stress
32 Peripheral Biological Indices Range of Measures Hormones Cortisol Autonomics Inflammation Vaillancourt et al C-Reactive Protein Copeland et al. 2014; Takizawa et al. 2015
33 Peripheral Biological Indices Range of Measures Psychopathology Comparison with data on anxiety, conduct problems Hormones Autonomics Inflammation Advantages and Disadvantages
34 Outline Scope of Problem Genetics Peripheral Biological Indices Brain Structure & Function
35 Brain Structure and Function Few studies of bullying Data in maltreatment Data in conduct disorder
36 Brain Structure and Function Brain Structure ROI-Based VBM DTI
37 Brain Structure and Function Brain Structure Teicher et al Peer verbal abuse and reduced mean diffusivity ROI-Based VBM DTI
38 Brain Structure and Function Brain Structure ROI-Based VBM DTI Data in other stressors (De Bellis; Gee; Herringa; Holz; Pollak) Findings inconsistent Data in anxiety, conduct disorder
39 Brain Structure and Function Brain Function ERP rsfmri fmri
40 Brain Structure and Function Brain Function ERP rsfmri fmri Birn et al. 2014
41 Brain Structure and Function Brain Function ERP rsfmri fmri Childhood Trauma Birn et al Thompson et al. 2015
42 Brain Structure and Function ERP rsfmri Childhood Trauma Marusak et al fmri
43 Brain Structure and Function ERP rsfmri Childhood Trauma Marusak et al fmri
44 Brain Structure and Function ERP rsfmri Childhood Trauma Marusak et al Childhood Abuse fmri Casement et al Peer Victimization Lim et al. 2015
45 Brain Structure and Function ERP rsfmri fmri
46 Brain Structure and Function ERP Lim et al rsfmri Chronic Rejection fmri Early-life Stress Puetz et al. 2015
47 Outline Scope of Problem Genetics Peripheral Biological Indices Brain Structure & Function
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