Clinical Chemistry 50: (2004) Cancer Diagnostics
|
|
- Justin Walsh
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Clinical Chemistry 50: (2004) Cancer Diagnostics Improved Accuracy of Detection of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Combined Application of Circulating Epstein Barr Virus DNA and Anti-Epstein Barr Viral Capsid Antigen IgA Antibody Sing-fai Leung, 1* John S. Tam, 2 Anthony T.C. Chan, 1 Benny Zee, 1 Lisa Y.S. Chan, 3 Dolly P. Huang, 1 Andrew Van Hasselt, 4 Philip J. Johnson, 1 and Y.M. Dennis Lo 3 Background: Circulating Epstein Barr viral (EBV) DNA and anti-ebv capsid antigen IgA (IgA VCA) represent two of the most sensitive peripheral blood markers of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but direct comparative studies of these two markers are lacking. Methods: The sensitivities and specificities of IgA-VCA and EBV DNA for diagnosis of NPC were determined in 139 new cases of NPC and 178 healthy individuals, respectively. EBV DNA was also assessed in 36 healthy family members identified as having false-positive IgA- VCA results at a screening clinic. EBV DNA was measured by a real-time quantitative PCR assay with a detection limit of 60 copies/ml. IgA-VCA was measured by semiquantitative indirect immunofluorescent method; a titer >1/10 was taken as positive. Results: The sensitivities of EBV DNA and IgA-VCA for diagnosis of NPC were 95% (95% confidence interval, 91 98%) and 81% (73 87%), respectively. The combined marker panel had an overall sensitivity (positive result by either marker) of 99%. The concentrations of both markers showed dependence on cancer stage. The specificities of EBV DNA and IgA-VCA were 98% (96 99%) and 96% (91 98%), respectively. Among 36 healthy family members with false-positive IgA-VCA results, three-fourths had undetectable EBV DNA, Departments of 1 Clinical Oncology, 2 Microbiology, 3 Chemical Pathology, and 4 Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Peoples Republic of China. *Address correspondence to this author at: Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong. Fax ; singfaileung@cuhk.edu.hk. Received May 28, 2003; accepted November 26, Previously published online at DOI: /clinchem whereas the others had increased EBV DNA concentrations that were significantly lower than in NPC patients. Conclusions: For diagnosis of NPC, EBV DNA identifies almost all false-negative IgA-VCA cases and gives a 99% diagnostic sensitivity when combined with IgA- VCA. In the screening setting, EBV DNA identifies three-fourths of false-positive IgA-VCA cases. The selective application of EBV DNA in an IgA-VCA-based screening protocol could improve screening accuracy with only moderate increases in cost American Association for Clinical Chemistry The association between specific serologic responses to Epstein Barr virus (EBV) 5 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been exploited to develop serologic tumor markers for this cancer (1). The anti-viral capsid antigen IgA antibody (IgA-VCA), measured by indirect immunofluorescence (1) or ELISA (2), is one of the most widely used antibody markers used for assisting in diagnosis (1, 3) and for screening (4 9). Its sensitivity in the diagnosis of WHO type II and III NPC in areas endemic (1) and nonendemic (3) for the disease has been generally reported to be 85 90% (1, 3, 4, 10 14), although a broader range had been reported in some studies. A false-positive rate of % had been found in screening studies in areas with endemic NPC (5), whereas in case control studies a false-positive rate of 9 18% has been reported (3). In attempts to improve the sensitivity and specificity of 5 Nonstandard abbreviations: EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; NPC, nasopharyngeal carcinoma; IgA-VCA, anti-viral capsid antigen IgA antibody; and CI, confidence interval. 339
2 340 Leung et al.: EBV DNA vs EBV IgA-VCA in NPC a peripheral blood-based marker for NPC, several alternative markers had been developed. These were based on antibodies to different antigenic components of the EBV (9, 15 29). Attempts to use panels of antibody-based markers have generally been useful in improving the accuracy of NPC detection (13, 15, 20, 21, 29 32). Plasma/ serum cell-free EBV DNA is a more recently developed peripheral blood-based molecular marker for NPC. It is conceptually distinct from other peripheral blood markers in that it directly measures tumor-derived EBV genomic material rather than an antibody response to genomic or peptidic components of the EBV. Although initial studies based on qualitative measurement systems showed that plasma EBV DNA has a sensitivity of only 59 75% for diagnosis of NPC (33 35), its sensitivity in quantitative assays was as high as 90% (36). Such a diagnostic sensitivity appears to be at least as good as that of IgA-VCA, although direct comparative studies of the two markers have yet to be reported. Of further interest is the observation that plasma EBV DNA was found to be rarely detectable in patients who had complete eradication of cancer (37) and in individuals without cancer (34, 36, 37). These observations suggest that the marker may have a role in the cancer screening setting. In the present study, we aimed to directly compare the sensitivities and specificities of the two markers in NPC patients and individuals without cancer and to explore whether the markers play complementary roles in the diagnosis of and screening for NPC. Materials and Methods sample size The sample size of the present study was based on estimation of sensitivity and specificity rates postulated at 80 90%. The estimate is considered accurate within a variation of 10%. To have 80% power to test the postulated rates at 5% significance with a one-sided test, we need to enter 90 patients. The same number of patients is adequate to draw a 95% confidence interval around the sensitivity or the specificity with a range of 10%. cancer cases for determination of sensitivity We recruited 139 patients with newly diagnosed NPC at our institution (group A) and collected data prospectively. Consecutive consenting patients were recruited at the oncology clinic in the period May 1998 to December Histologic details were available in all cases and were confirmed to be WHO type II/III carcinoma in 138 cases and WHO type I in 1 case. Tumor staging was according to the International Union Against Cancer 1997 stage classifications (38). Staging work up included in all cases clinical examination; computed tomography scans of the nasopharynx, skull base, and neck; chest radiography; and serum alkaline phosphatase measurements. Table 1 details the gender, age, and tumor stage distribution of the patients. Serum IgA-VCA and plasma EBV DNA Table 1. Characteristics of study participants. Cancer patients (group A) Healthy controls (group B) Family members with positive IgA-VCA (group C) n Gender, % male Age, years Median Mean (SD) 49 (12) 52 (12) 39 (10) were assessed before commencement of oncologic therapy. non-cancer cases (controls) for determination of specificity We recruited 178 healthy individuals 30 years at a community center (group B). The age and gender distribution of the cohort are detailed in Table 1. The age selection served to enhance the comparability with the cancer patient group, in consideration of the uncommon occurrence of NPC below the age of 30. To further address the clinical question of whether selective analysis for EBV DNA in IgA-VCA-positive individuals could reduce false positives in the screening setting, another cohort of 36 family members of NPC patients with known positive IgA-VCA results (titer 1/10) were recruited at a NPC screening clinic during a follow-up visit (group C). After blood sampling, the participants were followed up at 6-month to 1-year intervals and had a minimum follow-up time of 1 year. Their noncancer status was defined by the absence of clinical evidence of disease at 1 year or more after the EBV DNA assessment time point. The age and gender distributions of the non-cancer cohorts are detailed in Table 1. The higher proportion of females reflects the gender distribution of individuals attending the screening clinic. tumor marker assay Plasma EBV DNA was measured by real-time quantitative PCR as described previously (36). DNA was extracted from plasma samples with a QIAamp Blood Kit (Qiagen) according to the blood and body fluid protocol as recommended by the manufacturer. A total of L of the plasma samples was used for DNA extraction per column. The exact amount was documented for calculation of the target DNA concentration. A final volume of 50 L was used to elute the DNA from the extraction column, and 5 L of the eluted DNA was used per PCR. Circulating EBV DNA concentrations were measured by a real-time quantitative PCR system that amplified a DNA segment in the BamHI-W fragment region of the EBV genome. The principles of real-time quantitative PCR and the reaction set-up procedures were as described previously (36). Data were collected with an ABI Prism 7700 Sequence Detector and analyzed with the Sequence Detection System software (Ver ) devel-
3 Clinical Chemistry 50, No. 2, oped by PE Biosystems. Results are expressed as EBV genome copies/ml of plasma. Endogenous -globin was used as an amplification control, and all plasma DNA samples were also subjected to real-time PCR analysis for the -globin gene, which gave a positive signal on all tested samples, thus demonstrating the quality of the extracted DNA. Multiple negative water blanks were included in every analysis. Results were expressed as DNA copies/ml of plasma. The lower limit of reliable quantification was 5 copies/assay, although occasionally 1 copy/assay was also detectable (the latter corresponding to 12 copies of EBV DNA/mL of plasma). The precision of the EBV DNA assay near the lower limit of detection was determined by 20 replicate extractions of pooled NPC plasma samples with a mean EBV DNA concentration of 100 copies/ml. Because no recovery experiments had been performed, the results, expressed in copies/ml and assuming 100% recovery, represent the minimum estimates of the concentrations. Each of these replicate extractions was then subjected to realtime EBV DNA PCR. The CV at this low concentration of circulating EBV DNA was 58%. EBV IgA-VCA was measured by a semiquantitative immunofluorescence method (1). Briefly, B95.8 cell preparations were air-dried and fixed in cold acetone in wells on glass slides, and dilutions of patient sera were applied. After incubation the slides were washed with phosphatebuffered saline, and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-human IgA was applied to each well at appropriate concentrations. After incubation and washing, the slides were mounted with buffered glycerol and read with a fluorescence microscope. The antibody titer of the test serum was read as the reciprocal of the highest dilution showing definite apple-green fluorescence in 20% of the cells. A titer 1/10 was taken as positive. This cutoff titer was commonly adopted in previous studies on the marker (4). The study was approved by our institution, and written informed consent was obtained from all study participants. Results cancer cases (group a): sensitivity of markers When we used detectable ( 60 copies/ml of plasma) circulating EBV DNA concentrations and an IgA-VCA titer 1/10 to define positive results, the sensitivity of EBV DNA [95% confidence interval (CI), 91 98%] was higher than that of IgA-VCA (81%; 95% CI, 73 87%; Table 2). We observed a difference in sensitivities among both early-stage and advanced-stage disease (Table 2). The 7 cases that were false negative for EBV DNA (stage I, 2 cases; stage II, 3 cases; stage III, 0 cases; stage IV, 2 cases) did not overlap with the 27 cases that were false negative for IgA-VCA (stage I, 5 cases; stage II, 9 cases; stage III, 8 cases; stage IV, 5 cases) except for 2 cases. When EBV DNA and IgA-VCA were combined as a marker panel and the sensitivity of the panel was defined as positive Table 2. Comparison of sensitivities of markers by stage (group A). NPC stage n Sensitivity of IgA-VCA Sensitivity of EBV DNA All stages % (112/139) 95% (132/139) 95% CI 73 87% 91 98% Stages I II 50 72% (36/50) 90% (45/50) 95% CI 59 84% 82 98% Stages III IV 89 85% (76/89) 98% (87/89) 95% CI 78 92% % results by either marker, the panel had a sensitivity of 99%. cancer cases (group a): relationship between marker concentration and cancer stage The distributions of EBV DNA concentrations and IgA- VCA titers according to individual cancer stage are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively. To assess the relationship between EBV DNA concentration and IgA-VCA titer and cancer stage, we tested the variance by first transforming EBV DNA values to a log scale and IgA-VCA titers to a linear scale. We found a significant relationship for each of the two markers with cancer stage (P 0.01 for EBV DNA; P 0.04 for IgA-VCA). Multiple group comparisons were also performed for marker concentrations among different cancer stages. We found that EBV DNA concentrations were significantly different between stage I and each of the other stages and between stages II and Fig. 1. Scattergram of distribution of EBV DNA according to cancer stage. x axis, cancer stage; y axis, EBV DNA concentrations in log scale.
4 342 Leung et al.: EBV DNA vs EBV IgA-VCA in NPC Fig. 2. Distribution of EBV IgA-VCA titers according to cancer stage. IV. The IgA-VCA titers were significantly different only between stages I and IV. In other words, the concentrations of both markers exhibited a certain degree of cancer stage dependence, which was more significant for EBV DNA. controls (group b): specificity of markers The specificity for EBV DNA was 98% (174 of 178) with a 95% CI of 96 99%, and the specificity for IgA-VCA was 96% (170 of 178) with a 95% CI of 91 98%. There were four false-positive cases for EBV DNA and eight false-positive cases for IgA-VCA, but these cases did not overlap except for one case. Among the eight individuals with falsepositive IgA-VCA results, seven had a titer of 1/20 and one had a titer of 1/40. The EBV DNA concentrations in the four individuals with false-positive EBV DNA results were 72, 164, 239, and 3287 copies/ml, respectively, which were significantly lower than the concentrations in NPC (group A) patients (P 0.01, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). For the only individual with false-positive results for both markers, the EBV DNA concentration was 164 copies/ml and the IgA-VCA titer was 1/10. healthy family members of cancer cases with increased IgA-VCA titers (group c) Among the 36 healthy family members who had increased IgA-VCA titers ( 1/10) identified at a screening clinic and who did not have evidence of cancer at followup, 27 had undetectable EBV DNA. For the other nine individuals, all had EBV DNA concentrations 344 copies/ml, apart from one individual with a concentration of 4840 copies/ml. For these nine individuals with falsepositive results for both markers, EBV DNA concentrations were significantly lower than those of true-positive cases (i.e., group A NPC patients; P 0.01, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). Discussion The anti-vca IgA antibody was chosen as the reference marker for this study because of its high sensitivity for diagnosis of NPC and the relative abundance of data related to this marker with its long track record in both case control studies and population screening studies. Plasma/serum cell-free EBV DNA represents a direct measure of EBV genomic material and is conceptually distinct from other antibody-based markers for NPC. There is much clinical interest in comparing EBV DNA and IgA-VCA, first because the sensitivities of both markers for diagnosis of NPC are among the highest reported for peripheral blood markers of NPC, and second because their different mechanisms of production may allow minimization of false-positive cases when used in conjunction, which is an important issue in the cancer screening setting. The present study shows that the two markers have complementary roles in the diagnosis of and screening for NPC. There is almost no overlap of false-negative cases for these two markers and only limited overlap of the false-positive cases. This allows a potential diagnostic sensitivity of 99% when the two markers are used in a panel. The clinical interpretation is that if a patient is strongly suspected to have NPC, a negative result for both markers would make the diagnosis of NPC extremely improbable and should lead to consideration of alternative diagnoses. Such a high sensitivity has been reported for only a very limited number of marker panels (20). Although the reasons for false negativity of the markers is not certain, we observed that 5 of the 7 cases that were
5 Clinical Chemistry 50, No. 2, false negative for EBV DNA had stage I-II tumors, whereas the distribution of the 27 false-negative IgA-VCA cases was relatively even between early- and advancedstage tumors. In other words, the two markers appear to exhibit different degrees of cancer stage dependency. Although improvement in sensitivity is commonly paralleled by a reduction in specificity, the present study on healthy family members of NPC patients showed that use of EBV DNA can eliminate approximately threefourths of the false-positive IgA-VCA results. Although the cost of the EBV DNA test (approximately US $75.00 per test) is appreciably higher than that of the IgA-VCA test (less than US $10 per test), the latter can be used as the first step in a screening protocol, followed by the EBV DNA test in cases with positive IgA-VCA results. Such selective application of the EBV DNA test in an IgA-VCAbased screening protocol may lead to a significant improvement in accuracy of screening with only a limited increase in cost. Although the widely used anti-early antigen IgA antibody marker may serve a similar purpose of eliminating an appreciable proportion of false-positive IgA-VCA results, its sensitivity in detecting NPC is only 70% (1, 10, 12). Thus, its combination with IgA-VCA in the screening setting may lead to missing an appreciable proportion of true cancers. This limitation is overcome by EBV DNA, which has a 90% sensitivity in detecting early-stage cancer and 95% overall detection rate for NPC. The reason for the presence of detectable EBV DNA and IgA-VCA in 2 4% of healthy individuals without cancer is not clear, although the EBV DNA concentrations in false-positive cases were much lower than in NPC patients. Previous studies had shown that EBV DNA and EBER (small EBV-encoded RNA) are detectable only in tumor cells and not in nasopharyngeal tissue of healthy individuals (39). However, there have also been reports documenting EBV DNA in nonmalignant tissue (40 45). Some individuals with increased IgA-VCA had been shown to have nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia, in which EBV DNA and EBER were detectable (46). The alternative explanation for the higher rate of EBV DNA positivity in apparently healthy individuals with increased IgA-VCA titers is that they actually harbor occult NPC that was not clinically apparent (44, 47). An early study on healthy family members of NPC patients had also reported an increased incidence of IgA-VCA seropositivity in family members, and it was postulated that an autosomal recessive gene might be involved in the IgA- VCA response (48). Continued follow-up surveillance of healthy individuals with increased IgA-VCA titers, especially in the family member group, is worthwhile to exclude emergence of cancer (4). These individuals may also serve as a target group for tissue sampling by noninvasive methods, such as nasopharyngeal brushing for EBV DNA (49 51), which has been reported to have a high accuracy in diagnosis of NPC. In conclusion, the strategy of combined marker panels has been increasingly explored in NPC with encouraging results (13, 30, 31). In the cancer screening setting, the sensitivity, specificity, quality control, and costs are relevant considerations. To date, only a few markers or marker panels have been reported to have both a sensitivity and specificity 90% for detection of NPC (15, 17, 18, 36). The sensitivity of 99% of the combined IgA-VCA/EBV DNA marker panel and the specificity of 96 98% of the respective markers in the present study warrant further studies in the screening setting. Because plasma/serum EBV DNA concentrations are based on direct measurement of genomic material in the peripheral blood, this marker is conceptually advantageous in terms of quality control and has potential to serve as a reference marker for comparison of results obtained with different EBV antibody-based markers, which are linked to different EBV source antigens. This study was supported in part by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (Central Allocation Research Projects), the Institute of Molecular Oncology of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, and the Kadoorie Charitable Foundations, Hong Kong. We acknowledge Frankie Mo and Maria Lai (Department of Clinical Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong) for statistical support and database management for the study, and Katherine Chow (Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong) for experiments with the EBV DNA assay. References 1. Henle G, Henle W. Epstein-Barr virus-specific IgA serum antibodies as an outstanding feature of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1976;17: Uen WC, Luka J, Pearson GR. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting IgA antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus. Int J Cancer 1988;41: Neel HB 3rd, Pearson GR, Taylor WF. Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and in comparison groups. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1984;93: Chien YC, Chen JY, Liu MY, Yang HI, Hsu MM, Chen CJ, et al. Serologic markers of Epstein-Barr virus infection and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Taiwanese men. N Engl J Med 2001;345: Zeng Y, Zhang LG, Li HY, Jan MG, Zhang Q, Wu YC, et al. Serological mass survey for early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Wuzhou City, China. Int J Cancer 1982;29: Deng H, Zhao Z, Zhang Z. [Serologic screening on nasopharyngeal cancer in 338,868 persons in 21 cities and counties of Guangxi Region, China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 1995;29: Zeng Y, Zhong JM, Li LY, Wang PZ, Tang H, Ma YR, et al. Follow-up studies on Epstein-Barr virus IgA/VCA antibody-positive persons in Zangwu County, China. Intervirology 1983;20: Zong YS, Sham JS, Ng MH, Ou XT, Guo YQ, Zheng SA, et al. Immunoglobulin A against viral capsid antigen of Epstein-Barr virus and indirect mirror examination of the nasopharynx in the detection of asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer 1992; 69:3 7.
6 344 Leung et al.: EBV DNA vs EBV IgA-VCA in NPC 9. Chen JY, Chen CJ, Liu MY, Cho SM, Hsu MM, Lynn TC, et al. Antibody to Epstein-Barr virus-specific DNase as a marker for field survey of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Taiwan. J Med Virol 1989;27: Henle W, Ho HC, Henle G, Kwan HC. Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus-related antigens in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Comparison of active cases with long-term survivors. J Natl Cancer Inst 1973;51: Neel HB 3rd, Pearson GR, Weiland LH, Taylor WF, Goepfert HH, Pilch BZ, et al. Application of Epstein-Barr virus serology to the diagnosis and staging of North American patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1983;91: Lynn TC, Hsieh RP, Chuang CY, Huang SC, Hsieh T, Tu SM. Epstein-Barr virus-associated antibodies and serum biochemistry in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Laryngoscope 1984;94: Cai WM, Li YW, Wu B, Liu YY, Hu YH, Gu XZ, et al. A double-blind study of four EB virus antibodies with evaluation by sequential discrimination. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1983;9: Low WK, Leong JL, Goh YH, Fong KW. Diagnostic value of Epstein-Barr viral serology in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000;123: Chen MR, Liu MY, Hsu SM, Fong CC, Chen CJ, Chen IH, et al. Use of bacterially expressed EBNA-1 protein cloned from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) biopsy as a screening test for NPC patients. J Med Virol 2001;64: Hsu MM, Hsu WC, Sheen TS, Kao CL. Specific IgA antibodies to recombinant early and nuclear antigens of Epstein-Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Otolaryngol 2001;26: Connolly Y, Littler E, Sun N, Chen X, Huang PC, Stacey SN, et al. Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus thymidine kinase: a characteristic marker for the serological detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2001;91: Dardari R, Khyatti M, Benider A, Jouhadi H, Kahlain A, Cochet C, et al. Antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus transactivator protein (ZEBRA) as a valuable biomarker in young patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2000;6: Zhu XX, Zeng Y, Wolf H. Detection of IgG and IgA antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus membrane antigen in sera from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and from normal individuals. Int J Cancer 1986;37: Chow KC, Ma J, Lin LS, Chi KH, Yen SH, Liu SM, et al. Serum responses to the combination of Epstein-Barr virus antigens from both latent and acute phases in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: complementary test of EBNA-1 with EA-D. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1997;6: Cheng HM, Foong YT, Mathew A, Sam CK, Dillner J, Prasad U. Screening for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with an ELISA using the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen, EBNA 1: a complementary test to the IgA/VCA immunofluorescence assay. J Virol Methods 1993;42: Baylis SA, Purifoy DJ, Littler E. High-level expression of the Epstein-Barr virus alkaline deoxyribonuclease using a recombinant baculovirus: application to the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Virology 1991;181: Joab I, Nicolas JC, Schwaab G, de-the G, Clausse B, Perricaudet M, et al. Detection of anti-epstein-barr-virus transactivator (ZE- BRA) antibodies in sera from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1991;48: Hsu TY, Pai CY, Shieh SM, Cho SM, Liu MY, Chen JY, et al. Use of antigen expressed in bacteria for detection of EBV-specific thymidine kinase antibodies in sera from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Med Virol 1992;38: Mathew A, Cheng HM, Sam CK, Joab I, Prasad U, Cochet C. A high incidence of serum IgG antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus replication activator protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1994;38: Fones-Tan A, Chan SH, Tsao SY, Gan LH, Tan WH, Li B, et al. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgA and IgG antibodies to Epstein-Barr-virus ribonucleotide reductase in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1994;59: Huang D. [The usefulness of serum antibody to Epstein-Barr virus-specific DNAase (EDAb) in early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1993;15: Ginsburg M. Antibodies against the large subunit of the EBVencoded ribonucleotide reductase in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1990;45: Liu MY, Shih YY, Chou SP, Chen CJ, Sheen TS, Yang CS, et al. Antibody against the Epstein-Barr virus BHRF1 protein, a homologue of Bcl-2, in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Med Virol 1998;56: Cheng WM, Chan KH, Chen HL, Luo RX, Ng SP, Luk W, et al. Assessing the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma on the basis of EBV antibody spectrum. Int J Cancer 2002;97: Liu MY, Chang YL, Ma J, Yang HL, Hsu MM, Chen CJ, et al. Evaluation of multiple antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus as markers for detecting patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Med Virol 1997;52: Dardari R, Hinderer W, Lang D, Benider A, El Gueddari B, Joab I, et al. Antibody responses to recombinant Epstein-Barr virus antigens in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: complementary test of ZEBRA protein and early antigens p54 and p138. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39: Mutirangura A, Pornthanakasem W, Theamboonlers A, Sriuranpong V, Lertsanguansinchi P, Yenrudi S, et al. Epstein-Barr viral DNA in serum of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 1998;4: Shotelersuk K, Khorprasert C, Sakdikul S, Pornthanakasem W, Voravud N, Mutirangura A. Epstein-Barr virus DNA in serum/ plasma as a tumor marker for nasopharyngeal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2000;3: Hsiao JR, Jin YT, Tsai ST. Detection of cell free Epstein-Barr virus DNA in sera from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer 2002;94: Lo YMD, Chan LYS, Lo KW, Leung SF, Zhang J, Chan ATC, et al. Quantitative analysis of cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA in plasma of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Res 1999;59: Lo YMD, Chan LYS, Chan ATC, Leung SF, Lo KW, Zhang J, et al. Quantitative and temporal correlation between circulating cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA and tumor recurrence in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Res 1999;59: American Joint Committee on Cancer. Manual for staging of cancer, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1997: Sam CK, Brooks LA, Niedobitek G, Young LS, Prasad U, Rickinson AB. Analysis of Epstein-Barr virus infection in nasopharyngeal biopsies from a group at high risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1993;53: Gan YJ, Sullivan JL, Sixbey JW. Detection of cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA in serum during acute infectious mononucleosis. J Infect Dis 1994;170: Sixbey JW, Vesterinen EH, Nedrud JG, Raab-Traub N, Walton LA, Pagano JS. Replication of Epstein-Barr virus in human epithelial cells infected in vitro. Nature 1983;306: Tsai ST, Jin YT, Mann RB, Ambinder RF. Epstein-Barr virus detection in nasopharyngeal tissues of patients with suspected nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer 1998;82: Zhang HY, Qu G, Deng ZW, Yao TH, Glaser R. Epstein-Barr virus DNA in nasopharyngeal biopsies. Virus Res 1989;12:53 9.
7 Clinical Chemistry 50, No. 2, Desgranges C, Bornkamm GW, Zeng Y, Wang PC, Zhu JS, Shang M, et al. Detection of Epstein-Barr viral DNA internal repeats in the nasopharyngeal mucosa of Chinese with IgA/EBV-specific antibodies. Int J Cancer 1982;29: Desgranges C, Pi GH, Bornkamm GW, Legrand C, Zeng Y, de-the G. Presence of EBV-DNA sequences in nasopharyngeal cells of individuals without IgA-VCA antibodies. Int J Cancer 1983;32: Zong Y, Zhang J, Li Z, Chen G, Rong Z, Wu W. Epstein-Barr virus infection in nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia. Chin Med J (Engl) 1999;112: Lanier AP, Henle W, Bender TR, Henle G, Talbot ML. Epstein-Barr virus-specific antibody titers in seven Alaskan natives before and after diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1980; 2: Ho HC, Ng MH, Kwan HC. Factors affecting serum IgA antibody to Epstein-Barr viral capsid antigens in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Br J Cancer 1978;37: Sheen TS, Ko JY, Chang YL, Chang YS, Huang YT, Chang Y, et al. Nasopharyngeal swab and PCR for the screening of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the endemic area: a good supplement to the serologic screening. Head Neck 1998;20: Tune CE, Liavaag PG, Freeman JL, van den Brekel MW, Shpitzer T, Kerrebijn JD, et al. Nasopharyngeal brush biopsies and detection of nasopharyngeal cancer in a high-risk population. J Natl Cancer Inst 1999;91: Lin SY, Tsang NM, Kao SC, Hsieh YL, Chen YP, Tsai CS, et al. Presence of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 gene in the nasopharyngeal swabs from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Head Neck 2001;23:
A meta-analysis on the EBV DNA and VCA-IgA in diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Review Article A meta-analysis on the EBV DNA and VCA-IgA in diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Changxin Song 1, Shujuan Yang 2 Open Access ABSTRACT Objective: We conducted a meta-analysis to compare
More informationSEROLOGIC MARKERS OF EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS INFECTION AND NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA
SEROLOGIC MARKERS OF EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS INFECTION AND NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA SEROLOGIC MARKERS OF EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS INFECTION AND NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA IN TAIWANESE MEN YIN-CHU CHIEN, M.SC., JEN-YANG
More informationProtocol. This trial protocol has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work.
Protocol This trial protocol has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. Protocol for: Chan KCA, Woo JKS, King A, et al. Analysis of plasma Epstein Barr virus
More informationCOMPARISON OF THE PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF SERUM ANTI-EBV ANTIBODY AND PLASMA EBV DNA ASSAYS IN NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA
doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.07.012 Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys., Vol. 67, No. 1, pp. 130 137, 2007 Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. Printed in the USA. All rights reserved 0360-3016/07/$ see front
More informationChinese Journal of Cancer. Open Access ORIGINAL ARTICLE
DOI 10.1186/s40880-016-0130-2 Chinese Journal of Cancer ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access Subtype distribution and long term titer fluctuation patterns of serum anti Epstein Barr virus antibodies in a non nasopharyngeal
More informationESMO Preceptorship Program Head & Neck Cancer NPC: Epidemiology, diagnosis and work-up
ESMO Preceptorship Program Head & Neck Cancer NPC: Epidemiology, diagnosis and work-up Dr. John Woo Consultant, ENT Department, PWH Honorary Clinical Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, H&N Surgery
More informationESMO Preceptorship Program Head & Neck Cancer NPC: Epidemiology, diagnosis and work-up
ESMO Preceptorship Program Head & Neck Cancer NPC: Epidemiology, diagnosis and work-up Dr. John Woo Consultant, ENT Department, PWH Honorary Clinical Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, H&N Surgery
More informationAnti-EBV IgA ELISA. 96 Tests. For In Vitro Diagnostic Cat. No.: TM-0001E
For In Vitro Diagnostic Cat. No.: TM-0001E Anti-EBV IgA ELISA For the detection and quantitative determination of human IgA antibodies to the early antigen and nuclear antigen of Epstein-Barr virus contained
More informationQuantification of Plasma Epstein Barr Virus DNA in Patients with Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
The new england journal of medicine original article Quantification of Plasma Epstein Barr Virus DNA in Patients with Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Jin-Ching Lin, M.D., Ph.D., Wen-Yi Wang, Ph.D., Kuang
More informationClinical utility of circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA analysis for the management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Review Article Page 1 of 8 Clinical utility of circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA analysis for the management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma Sherwood Y. H. Fung 1,2,3, Jacky W. K. Lam 1,2,3, Kwan Chee Allen
More informationWe are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists. International authors and editors
We are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists 4,100 116,000 120M Open access books available International authors and editors Downloads Our
More informationLABORATORY MARKERS OF TUMOR BURDEN IN NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA: A COMPARISON OF VIRAL LOAD AND SEROLOGIC TESTS FOR EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS
Int. J. Cancer: 112, 1036 1041 (2004) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Publication of the International Union Against Cancer LABORATORY MARKERS OF TUMOR BURDEN IN NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA: A COMPARISON OF VIRAL LOAD
More informationThe evolution of Epstein-Barr virus detection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Cancer Biol Med 2018. doi: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0176 EDITORIAL The evolution of Epstein-Barr virus detection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma You Quan Li 1, Ni Sann Khin 1, Melvin L.K. Chua 1,2 1
More informationClinical Significance of Quantitative Analysis of EBV DNA in Plasma of NPC Patients After Curative Radiotherapy
Clinical Significance of Quantitative Analysis of EBV DNA in Plasma of NPC Patients After Curative Radiotherapy *Jin-gao Li, M.D., *Xiao-chang Gong, M.D., *Xia Yuan, M.D., Xue-sen Zhou, M.Sc., Wen-xue
More informationReceived 11 December 2006/Returned for modification 27 January 2007/Accepted 13 February 2007
CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY, Apr. 2007, p. 435 441 Vol. 14, No. 4 1556-6811/07/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/cvi.00466-06 Copyright 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Serum Antibody
More informationPrevalence of IgA Specific Antibodies to Epstein-Barr Virus Capsid and Early Antigens in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology (1993) 11 : 39-43 Prevalence of IgA Specific Antibodies to Epstein-Barr Virus Capsid and Early Antigens in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Pllaipan Puthavathana
More informationSTUDY ON CHANGES OF PLASMA CELL-FREE DNA OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS DURING CHEMORADIOTHERAPY OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA PATIENTS
Journal of military pharmacomedicine n o 12019 STUDY ON CHANGES OF PLASMA CELLFREE DNA OF EPSTEINBARR VIRUS DURING CHEMORADIOTHERAPY OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA PATIENTS Pham Quynh Huong 1 ; Vu Nguyen
More informationIJPHCS Open Access: e-journal
EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV) AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA (NPC): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Sri Ganesh Muthiah 1, Lye MS 1* 1 Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,
More informationNasopharynx. 1. Introduction. 1.1 General Information and Aetiology
Nasopharynx 1. Introduction 1.1 General Information and Aetiology The nasopharynx is the uppermost, nasal part of the pharynx. It extends from the base of the skull to the upper surface of the soft palate.
More informationHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important. Brief Communication
Brief Communication Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Children and Adolescents in a Hyperendemic Area: 15 Years after Mass Hepatitis B Vaccination Yen-Hsuan Ni, MD, PhD; Mei-Hwei Chang, MD; Li-Min Huang,
More informationEBV-VCA IgA Cat #
DIAGNOSTIC AUTOMATION, INC. 23961 Craftsman Road, Suite E/F, Calabasas, CA 91302 Tel: (818) 591-3030 Fax: (818) 591-8383 onestep@rapidtest.com technicalsupport@rapidtest.com www.rapidtest.com See external
More informationCURRICULUM VITAE Name : Gender : Birth Place : address : Contact Tel : Education: Training and Working Experiences: Awards:
Name : Szu-Hua Pan Gender : Female Birth Place : Taipei, Taiwan E-mail address : shpan@ntu.edu.tw Contact Tel : 02-23123456 ext. 88661 CURRICULUM VITAE Education: 1991~1994 B.S., Department of Nutrition
More informationIndependent Effect of EBV and Cigarette Smoking on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A 20-Year Follow-Up Study on 9,622 Males without Family History in Taiwan
1218 Independent Effect of EBV and Cigarette Smoking on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A 20-Year Follow-Up Study on 9,622 Males without Family History in Taiwan Wan-Lun Hsu, 1,4 Jen-Yang Chen, 2,6 Yin-Chu Chien,
More informationPrevalence of Anti EBV Antibodies in Adult Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma During In Isfahan, Iran
Original Article Prevalence of Anti EBV Antibodies in Adult Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma During 2003 2007 In Isfahan, Iran Mokhtari M 1, Hashemi Jazi M 2, Davarpanah Jazi AH 3 Abstract Background:
More informationOriginal Article Associations of serum CD62P and IL-6 levels with nasopharyngeal carcinoma staging and prognosis
Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2016;9(9):9631-9635 www.ijcep.com /ISSN:1936-2625/IJCEP0026014 Original Article Associations of serum CD62P and IL-6 levels with nasopharyngeal carcinoma staging and prognosis Weijuan
More informationNovel ELISA for serodiagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on a B cell epitope of Epstein Barr virus latent membrane protein 2
4372 Novel ELISA for serodiagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on a B cell epitope of Epstein Barr virus latent membrane protein 2 YIQI CAI 1*, YILING SONG 2*, DANWEI CEN 2*, CHANQIONG ZHANG 2, SHANSHAN
More informationORIGINAL ARTICLE /j x
ORIGINAL ARTICLE 1.1111/j.1469-691.24.19.x Chronological evolution of,, and neutralisation antibodies after infection with SARS-associated coronavirus P.-R. Hsueh 1,2, L.-M. Huang 3, P.-J. Chen 2, C.-L.
More informationSee external label 2 C-8 C Σ=96 tests Cat # EBV-VCA IgA. Cat # EBV -VCA IgA ELISA. ELISA: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay
DIAGNOSTIC AUTOMATION, INC. 23961 Craftsman Road, Suite D/E/F, Calabasas, CA 91302 Tel: (818) 591-3030 Fax: (818) 591-8383 onestep@rapidtest.com technicalsupport@rapidtest.com www.rapidtest.com See external
More informationClinical Study Impact of Plasma Epstein-Barr Virus-DNA and Tumor Volume on Prognosis of Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
BioMed Research International Volume 2015, Article ID 617949, 5 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/617949 Clinical Study Impact of Plasma Epstein-Barr Virus-DNA and Tumor Volume on Prognosis of Locally
More informationComparison of 18 FDG PET/PET-CT and bone scintigraphy for detecting bone metastases in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer: a meta-analysis
/, 2017, Vol. 8, (No. 35), pp: 59740-59747 Comparison of FDG PET/PET-CT and bone scintigraphy for detecting bone metastases in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer: a meta-analysis Chuanhui Xu 1,*, Ruiming
More informationHepatitis B surface antigen HBsAg Hepatitis B e antigen HBeAg 1) B
292 14 4 B Effects of the Vaccination Against Hepatitis B Virus for All Infants in Taiwan Chang-Kuen Tien, Nobutaka Kurihara, Hiroyuki Yanagisawa and Osamu Wada (Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Saitama
More informationEpstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Infection in Epithelial Cells In Vivo: Rare Detection of EBV Replication in Tongue Mucosa but Not in Salivary Glands
BRIEF REPORT Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Infection in Epithelial Cells In Vivo: Rare Detection of EBV Replication in Tongue Mucosa but Not in Salivary Glands Phroso Frangou, Maike Buettner, and Gerald Niedobitek
More informationWei-Chung Cheng ( 鄭維中 )
Wei-Chung Cheng ( 鄭維中 ) Graduate Institute of Biomedical Scienses China Medical University 8F, No. 6, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan TaiChung 404, Taiwan E-mail: wccheng@mail.cmu.edu.tw Office :
More informationPROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
EDUCATION Doctor of Philosophy, Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Master of Science, Division of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry, National Taiwan
More informationChinese Journal of Cancer Research 9(3): ,1997. Sun Yet-Sen University of Medical Sciences, Cancer Center, Guangzhou
Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 9(3): 195-202,1997. Clinical Observations SERO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV) INFECTION BY TESTING ANTIBODIES AGAINST EBV SPECIFIC DNASE (EDAb) AS
More informationCURRICULUM VITAE China Medical College, College of Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
CURRICULUM VITAE NAME: Huang, Chung-Ming OFFICE ADDRESS: China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C., 北 路 2 EDUCATION: 1978-1985 China Medical College, College of Medicine,
More informationIgM. (Polioviruses) 71 (EV71) B (Coxsackievirus B) (Virus isolation/ifa, VI-IFA) 7~14 [1,2] (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC) 1.
267 DOI: 10.6526/ICJ.2017.603 (Polioviruses) 71 (EV71) B (Coxsackievirus B) [1,2] 1998 EV71 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC) 1. (Hand, foot and mouth disease, HFMD) (herpangina) [3,4]
More informationEBV-EA IgG. Cat # 1415Z. EBV -EA IgG ELISA. ELISA: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. ELISA - Indirect; Antigen Coated Plate
DIAGNOSTIC AUTOMATION, INC. 23961 Craftsman Road, Suite D/E/F, Calabasas, CA 91302 Tel: (818) 591-3030 Fax: (818) 591-8383 onestep@rapidtest.com technicalsupport@rapidtest.com www.rapidtest.com See external
More informationReceived 15 November 2008/Returned for modification 9 January 2009/Accepted 12 March 2009
CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY, May 2009, p. 706 711 Vol. 16, No. 5 1556-6811/09/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/cvi.00425-08 Copyright 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Two-Step Epstein-Barr
More informationEpstein-Barr Virus Antibodies and the Risk of Associated Malignancies: Review of the Literature
American Journal of Epidemiology Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 2014. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is
More informationDOI: /ICJ poliovirus. [14] (Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease, HFMD) (Herpangina) 71 [26] [17,18,27] 71 picornaviridae
174 DOI: 10.6526/ICJ.2016.404 71 71 [14] (Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease, HFMD) (Herpangina) 71 71 picornaviridae poliovirus / 1990 71 [26] [17,18,27] 71 175 [31] ICR NOD/SCID AG129 hpsgl-1 hscarb2 (MP4) (MP4)
More informationMAJOR ARTICLE. Diversity of EBV Antibody Response JID 2004:190 (1 July) 53
MAJOR ARTICLE Molecular Diversity of Epstein-Barr Virus IgG and IgA Antibody Responses in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Comparison of Indonesian, Chinese, and European Subjects Jajah Fachiroh, 1 Tabitha
More informationTime Trends of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Urban Guangzhou over a 12-Year Period ( ): Declines in Both Incidence and Mortality
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.22.9899 RESEARCH ARTICLE Time Trends of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Urban Guangzhou over a 12-Year Period (2000-2011): Declines in Both Incidence and Mortality
More informationThe association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T polymorphisms and breast cancer risk in Chinese population
Tumor Biol. (2015) 36:9153 9158 DOI 10.1007/s13277-015-3321-6 EDITORIAL The association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T polymorphisms and breast cancer risk in Chinese population
More informationPrognostic role of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA load for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis
ORIGINAL RESEARCH Ting-bo Liu, PhD 1 Zhi-hong Zheng, PhD 1 Jie Pan, MD 2 Li-li Pan, MD 1 Li-hong Chen, MD 1 1Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical
More informationCirculating Nucleic Acids in Plasma and Serum: An Overview
Circulating Nucleic Acids in Plasma and Serum: An Overview Y. M. DENNIS LO Department of Chemical Pathology and Institute of Molecular Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital,
More informationRESUME Sep National Medical License, Taiwan Oct Board of Interal Medicine, Taiwan Aug Board of Cardiology, Internal Medicine, Taiwan
RESUME Ye-Hsu Lu, M.D. Office Address: No.100, Ziyou 1st Rd., Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan TEL: +886-7-3121101 ext. 7741 (Office), +886-918867017 (Cell) FAX: +886-7-3234845 E-mail: yehslu@gmail.com
More informationReceived 9 October 2005/Returned for modification 13 December 2005/Accepted 13 February 2006
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Apr. 2006, p. 1459 1467 Vol. 44, No. 4 0095-1137/06/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/jcm.44.4.1459 1467.2006 Copyright 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
More informationSmoking, human papillomavirus infection, and p53 mutation as risk factors in oropharyngeal cancer: a case-control study
RESEARCH FUND FOR THE CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Smoking, human papillomavirus infection, and p53 as risk factors in oropharyngeal cancer: a case-control study PKS Chan *, JSY Chor, AC Vlantis, TL
More informationChanging Prevalence of Anti-Hepatitis A Virus in Adolescents in A Rural Township in Taiwan
Original Article 321 Changing Prevalence of Anti-Hepatitis A Virus in Adolescents in A Rural Township in Taiwan Jing-Yi Chen 1,2,5, MD; Jui-Chin Chiang 1,2,6, MD; Sheng-Nan Lu 2,3,4, MD, MPH, PhD; Shu-Fen
More informationNasopharyngeal carcinoma incidence and mortality in China in 2010
Chinese Journal of Cancer Original Article Nasopharyngeal carcinoma incidence and mortality in China in 2010 Kuang-Rong Wei 1, Rong-Shou Zheng 2, Si-Wei Zhang 2, Zhi-Heng Liang 1, Zhi-Xiong Ou 1 and Wan-Qing
More informationZheng, BJ; Du, LY; Zhao, GY; Lin, YP; Sui, HY; Chan, C; Ma, S; Guan, Y; Yuen, KY. Citation Hong Kong Medical Journal, 2008, v. 14 suppl. 4, p.
Title Studies of SARS virus vaccines Author(s) Zheng, BJ; Du, LY; Zhao, GY; Lin, YP; Sui, HY; Chan, C; Ma, S; Guan, Y; Yuen, KY Citation Hong Kong Medical Journal, 2008, v. 14 suppl. 4, p. 39-43 Issued
More informationDiagnostic Methods of HBV and HDV infections
Diagnostic Methods of HBV and HDV infections Zohreh Sharifi,ph.D Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine Hepatitis B-laboratory diagnosis Detection
More informationThis kit is intended for Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
This kit is intended for Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Introduction The DRG Epstein-Barr Virus (VCA) IgM Enzyme Immunoassay Kit provides materials for determination of IgM-class
More informationEpstein-Barr virus (EBV), a linear double-stranded DNA
Epstein-Barr Virus as a Paradigm in Nasopharyngeal Cancer: From Lab to Clinic Radha Raghupathy, MD, Edwin Pun Hui, MD, and Anthony Tak Cheung Chan, MD, FRCP OVERVIEW Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) of the
More informationTo test the possible source of the HBV infection outside the study family, we searched the Genbank
Supplementary Discussion The source of hepatitis B virus infection To test the possible source of the HBV infection outside the study family, we searched the Genbank and HBV Database (http://hbvdb.ibcp.fr),
More informationOriginal article: Department of Oncology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
Original article: THE PREDICTIVE VALUE OF PRE- AND POST-INDUCTION CHEMOTHERAPY PLASMA EBV DNA LEVEL AND TUMOR VOLUME FOR THE RADIOSENSITIVITY OF LOCALLY ADVANCED NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA Yang Song *, He
More informationPathological Features and Prognosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Carriers
The Journal of International Medical Research 2011; 39: 71 77 Pathological Features and Prognosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Carriers ZH LU, W CHEN, ZC JU, H PEI, XJ YANG, XB GU AND LH HUANG Department
More informationShih-Chieh Lin ( 林世杰 ), Ph.D.
Shih-Chieh Lin ( 林世杰 ), Ph.D. Research Assistant Professor Department of Physiology College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Gender: Male Birthday: 07/09/1980 Marital Status: married E-mail:
More informationDownregulation of serum mir-17 and mir-106b levels in gastric cancer and benign gastric diseases
Brief Communication Downregulation of serum mir-17 and mir-106b levels in gastric cancer and benign gastric diseases Qinghai Zeng 1 *, Cuihong Jin 2 *, Wenhang Chen 2, Fang Xia 3, Qi Wang 3, Fan Fan 4,
More informationPeking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology
Qian Jiang, M.D. Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China. Phone number: 86-10-66583802 Mobile: 86-13611115100
More informationAccepted 24 October 2007 Published online 22 January 2008 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: /hed.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE PHASE II STUDY OF GEFITINIB FOR THE TREATMENT OF RECURRENT AND METASTATIC NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA Daniel T. T. Chua, MD, 1 William I. Wei, MD, 2 Maria P. Wong, MD, 3 Jonathan S. T. Sham,
More informationChristy Pu Institutes Degree Department Period National Yang-Ming University (Taiwan)
Christy Pu cypu@ym.edu.tw Degree Institutes Degree Department Period National Yang-Ming University (Taiwan) PhD Public Health 09/2005~06/2008 University of Oxford (UK) MSc Economics 08/2002~07/2003 University
More informationPrognostic value of pretreatment and recovery duration of cranial nerve palsy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Mo et al. Radiation Oncology 2012, 7:149 RESEARCH Open Access Prognostic value of pretreatment and recovery duration of cranial nerve palsy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma Hao-Yuan Mo 1,2, Rui Sun 1,2, Jian
More informationEstimation of Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus in Taiwan from a Large-scale Survey of Free Hepatitis Screening Participants
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Estimation of Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus in Taiwan from a Large-scale Survey of Free Hepatitis Screening Participants Chien-Hung Chen, 1 Pei-Ming Yang, 1
More informationTHE ROLE OF anti-ebna1 IgG DETERMINATION IN EBV DIAGNOSTICS
Journal of IMAB ISSN: 1312-773X https://www.journal-imab-bg.org https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2018243.2181 Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers). 2018 Jul-Sep;24(3) Original article THE
More informationSafety and health training model It is expected that better recognition of hazards can reduce risks to workers. Course depth and suitable teaching met
Y.J. Hong, Y.H. Lin, H.H. Pai, et al DEVELOPING A SAFETY AND HEALTH TRAINING MODEL FOR PETROCHEMICAL WORKERS Yu-Jue Hong, Ya-Hsuan Lin, Hsiu-Hua Pai, 1 Yung-Chang Lai, 2 and I-Nong Lee 3 Institute of Public
More informationNatural History of HBV Infection
Natural History of HBV Infection Joseph JY Sung MD PhD Institute of Digestive Disease Department of Medicine & Therapeutics Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong HBV Infection 2
More informationH.pylori IgA Cat #
DIAGNOSTIC AUTOMATION, INC. 23961 Craftsman Road, Suite D/E/F, Calabasas, CA 91302 Tel: (818) 591-3030 Fax: (818) 591-8383 onestep@rapidtest.com technicalsupport@rapidtest.com www.rapidtest.com See external
More informationThe diagnostic value of determination of serum GOLPH3 associated with CA125, CA19.9 in patients with ovarian cancer
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2017; 21: 4039-4044 The diagnostic value of determination of serum GOLPH3 associated with CA125, CA19.9 in patients with ovarian cancer H.-Y. FAN
More informationPlasma EBV DNA Clearance Rate as a Novel Prognostic Marker for Metastatic/Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Imaging, Diagnosis, Prognosis Plasma EBV DNA Clearance Rate as a Novel Prognostic Marker for Metastatic/Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Clinical Cancer Research Wen-Yi Wang 1, Chih-Wen Twu 2,5, Hsin-Hong
More informationA Systematic Study of Epstein-Barr Virus Serologic Assays Following Acute Infection
Microbiology and Infectious Disease / A COMPARISON OF IFA AND ELISA A Systematic Study of Epstein-Barr Virus Serologic Assays Following Acute Infection Thomas D. Rea, MD, 1 Rhoda L. Ashley, PhD, 2 Joan
More informationSeasonal and geographical dispersal regularity of airborne pollens in China LI Quan-sheng, JIANG Sheng-xue, LI Xin-ze, ZHU Xiao-ming, WEI Qing-yu *
Med J Chin PLA, Vol. 42, No. 11, November 1, 2017 951 [] [ ] [ ] R562.25[ ] A[] 0177-7402(2017)11-0951-05 [DOI] 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2017.11.03 Seasonal and geographical dispersal regularity of airborne
More informationEPSTEIN BARR VIRUS (VCA) IFA SLIDE
1 STORAGE REQUIREMTS: EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS (VCA) IFA SLIDE SVCA: Slides for the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus antibodies in human serum by indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA). INTRODUCTION: Antibodies
More informationMultiparametric Detection of Antibodies against Different EBV Antigens to Predict Risk for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in a High-Risk Population of China
Research Article Multiparametric Detection of Antibodies against Different EBV Antigens to Predict Risk for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in a High-Risk Population of China Hao Chen 1, Shulin Chen 1, Jie Lu
More informationBone and CT Scans Are Complementary for Diagnoses of Bone Metastases in Breast Cancer When PET Scans Findings Are Equivocal: A Case Report
Bone and CT Scans Are Complementary for Diagnoses of Bone Metastases in Breast Cancer When Scans Findings Are Equivocal: A Case Report Yuk-Wah Tsang 1, Jyh-Gang Leu 2, Yen-Kung Chen 3, Kwan-Hwa Chi 1,4
More informationComplete genomic sequence of Epstein-Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line C666-1
Title Complete genomic sequence of Epstein-Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line C666-1 Author(s) Tso, KK; Yip, KY; Mak, CK; Cheung, ST Citation Infectious Agents and Cancer, 2013, v. 8 n. 1,
More informationChronic Infectious Mononucleosis/EBV Management
Chronic Infectious Mononucleosis/EBV Management Hypothesis Continuous or intermittent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) replication after primary EBV infection causes tissue damage resulting in a myriad of symptoms.
More informationEvaluation of Four Commercial Systems for the Diagnosis of Epstein-Barr Virus Primary Infections
CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY, Mar. 2011, p. 444 448 Vol. 18, No. 3 1556-6811/11/$12.00 doi:10.1128/cvi.00486-10 Copyright 2011, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Evaluation of
More informationJournal of Chinese Medicine. Vol.20, No.1, Vol.20, No.3,
163 Journal of Chinese Medicine Vol.20, No.1,2 1-96 Vol.20, No.3,4 97-162 ~ - 145 45-135 21 117 79-19 137-135 ~ - 137 65 87-65 - 145-65 - 153-79 - 153-87 47-137 - 65-87 - 47-145 - 145-47 - 19 164 153 HT7
More informationSee external label 96 tests HSV 2 IgA. Cat #
DIAGNOSTIC AUTOMATION, INC. 23961 Craftsman Road, Suite D/E/F, Calabasas, CA 91302 Tel: (818) 591-3030 Fax: (818) 591-8383 onestep@rapidtest.com technicalsupport@rapidtest.com www.rapidtest.com See external
More informationAdvanced primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma: clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcome
Original Article Advanced primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma: clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcome Chun-Yu Lin 1,2, Ying-Jen Chen 1,2, Meng-Heng Hsieh 2,3, Chih-Wei Wang 2,4,
More informationYu-Li Liu, Ph.D. Assistant Investigator.
Yu-Li Liu, Ph.D. Assistant Investigator Institute of Population Health Sciences E-mail: ylliou@nhri.org.tw Education Ph.D., East Tennessee State University, U.S.A., 1997 M.S., National Yang-Ming Medical
More informationChia-Lin Li, Ph.D. Professor Department of Health Care Management College of Management Chang Gung University
Chia-Lin Li, Ph.D. Professor Department of Health Care Management College of Management Chang Gung University clli@mail.cgu.edu.tw Academic Background Ph.D. Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming
More informationObjective research on tongue manifestation of patients with eczema
Technology and Health Care 25 (2017) S143 S149 DOI 10.3233/THC-171316 IOS Press S143 Objective research on tongue manifestation of patients with eczema Zhifeng Yu, Haifang Zhang, Linjie Fu and Xiaozuo
More informationEBV-VCA IgM Enzyme Immunoassay
For Individual Laboratory to Complete: Laboratory Name EBV-VCA IgM Enzyme Immunoassay Adopted Reviewed Reviewed Revised Supercedes Method: Diamedix Corp., Immunosimplicity Manual or in conjunction with
More informationHuman leukocyte antigen-b27 alleles in Xinjiang Uygur patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Human leukocyte antigen-b27 alleles in Xinjiang Uygur patients with ankylosing spondylitis H.-Y. Zou, W.-Z. Yu, Z. Wang, J. He and M. Jiao Institute of Clinical Medicine, Urumqi General Hospital, Lanzhou
More informationNasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Rusty Stevens, MD Christopher Rassekh, MD
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Rusty Stevens, MD Christopher Rassekh, MD Introduction Rare in the US, more common in Asia High index of suspicion required for early diagnosis Nasopharyngeal malignancies SCCA
More informationIs pretreatment Epstein-Barr virus DNA still associated with 6-year survival outcomes in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
976 Ivyspring International Publisher Research Paper Journal of Cancer 2017; 8(6): 976-982. doi: 10.7150/jca.18124 Is pretreatment Epstein-Barr virus DNA still associated with 6-year survival outcomes
More informationRESEARCH ARTICLE. ABO Blood Group, Epstein-Barr virus Infection and Prognosis of Patients with Non-metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.17.7459 RESEARCH ARTICLE ABO Blood Group, Epstein-Barr virus Infection and Prognosis of Patients with Non-metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Ya-Xiong Zhang
More information!
! 71!" 1 I= 2 Enterovirus!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123 8!"#$%&10!"#$%&'()*+343!!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;?!"#$%&'()*+,-."/01234567"89:;
More informationChapter 3. Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, and
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Serological Screening Combined with EBV DNA Load in Nasopharyngeal Brushings for Identification of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Individuals with Chronic Complaints in Head and Neck
More informationHLA-A*26-A*30 and HLA-DRB1*10 could be predictors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk in high-risk Tunisian families
29 Journal of Oral Science, Vol. 9, No. 2, 29-29, 27 Original HLA-A*2-A* and HLA-DRB* could be predictors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk in high-risk Tunisian families Nehla Mokni-Baizig ), Yosr Gorgi
More information[DOI] /j.issn , China
Med J Chin PLA, Vol. 41, No. 5, May 1, 2016 351 HBsAg HBs S N- [ ] (HBV)HBsAg+ HBs S (MHR) N- HBsAg+ HBs 284 HBsAg+ HBs 314 HBsAg HBV S 1 MHR N- N- S/S HepG2 HBsAg+ HBs MHR N- 11.3%(32/284) HBsAg 2.9%(9/314)(P
More informationReceived 23 November 2004/Returned for modification 10 February 2005/Accepted 29 March 2005
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, July 2005, p. 3066 3073 Vol. 43, No. 7 0095-1137/05/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/jcm.43.7.3066 3073.2005 Copyright 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
More informationELISA Range. VIROTECH Diagnostics GmbH. Lot independent. Reagent. System. IgG-Conjugate. Substrate. IgM-Conjugate. Washing Solution.
Quelle: www.fotolia.com ELISA Range IgG-Conjugate IgM-Conjugate IgA-Conjugate Lot independent Reagent System Stop Solution Substrate Washing Solution Serum Dilution Dilution Buffer Incubation Time Cerebrospinal
More informationIncomplete Hepatitis B Immunization, Maternal Carrier Status, and Increased Risk of Liver Diseases: A 20-Year Cohort Study of 3.8 Million Vaccinees
Incomplete Hepatitis B Immunization, Maternal Carrier Status, and Increased Risk of Liver Diseases: A 20-Year Cohort Study of 3.8 Million Vaccinees Yin-Chu Chien, 1 Chyi-Feng Jan, 2 Chun-Ju Chiang, 3 Hsu-Sung
More information/ Kao-Jean Huang 1. 3.
03-8633675 E-mailkj_huang@mail.ndhu.edu.tw /1998-2005 2008 8 2008 8 1. 2. 3. 4. Kao-Jean Huang 1. 2. 71 () 3. 4. A 1 Chen CC, Li KW, Yu TL, Chen LH, Sheu PY, Tong YW, Huang KJ* and Weng CF* Genetic structure
More informationCognitive Abilities Screening Instrument, Chinese Version 2.0 (CASI C-2.0): Administration and Clinical Application
Continuing Medical Education 180 Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument, Chinese Version 2.0 (CASI C-2.0): Administration and Clinical Application Ker-Neng Lin 1,2, Pei-Ning Wang 1,3, Hsiu-Chih Liu 1,3,
More informationAn Epstein-Barr virus-encoded microrna targets PUMA to promote host cell survival
An Epstein-Barr virus-encoded microrna targets to promote host cell survival The Journal of Experimental Medicine 205(11): 2551-2560, 2008. 1 Elizabeth Yee-Wai Choy, Kam-Leung Siu, Kin-Hang Kok, Raymond
More information