Therapeutic Agents for the Musculoskeletal System
|
|
- Todd Welch
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 1 Therapeutic Agents for the Musculoskeletal System Chapter 17 1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Skeletal System Provides structural support for the body Consists of muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bones Bone marrow: Blood cells are produced here Storage banks for minerals (calcium, phosphorus) important in bodily functions Two types of bone: Compact and spongy 2 Compact bone, also known as cortical bone, is very dense and located near the surface of the bones, where there is the greatest need for strength. Spongy bone, on the other hand, is typically located on the inner part of bones and is composed of a network of thin strands of bone known as trabeculae. Spongy bone is sometimes called cancellous bone. The skeletal system provides structural support for the body, provides protection for many of the organs within the body, and facilitates movement. Bones also serve as storage banks for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. The skeletal system provides structural support for the body and provides protection for many of the organs within the body. Bones also serve to facilitate movement. 2 Anatomy and Physiology of Skeletal Muscle 3 Each muscle is composed of fibers that are grouped into bundles called fascicles. Bones serve as storage banks for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. Three types of muscle: Skeletal Cardiac Smooth Attach to bones and aid in movement Each muscle contains muscle fibers 3
2 Anatomy and Physiology of Skeletal Muscle (Cont.) 4 The point where a motor neuron meets and signals the skeletal muscle is known as the neuromuscular junction. Groups of fascicles: Myofibrils, actin and myosin filaments Signals cause muscles to contract Motor nerves carry signals from central nervous system (CNS) to skeletal muscles Neuromuscular junction 4 Osteoarthritis Common form of joint disease Loss of normal cushioning Usually affects knees, hips, spine, hands, feet There is no cure for osteoarthritis (OA), but slowing the disease is possible 5 Medications are used to maintain quality of life and to control pain. Risk factors for osteoarthritis include increasing age, obesity, repetitive joint overuse, and joint trauma. Osteoarthritis, commonly abbreviated OA, is a disease associated with aging that affects articular cartilage, which is cartilage that lines the joints. OA is the most common form of joint disease. Unlike rheumatoid arthritis, no systemic illness is generally associated with osteoarthritis. 5 Treatment for Osteoarthritis Occupational and physical therapy, regular exercise, weight loss Acetaminophen (APAP) (analgesic and antipyretic) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (antiinflammatory) Steroid injections 6 6 Although acetaminophen, NSAIDs, and opioid analgesics can be used for a variety of pain conditions, they are discussed in detail here largely in the context of the treatment of OA. An antipyretic drug is used to prevent or reduce fever. Although acetaminophen affects cyclooxygenase enzymes in an inhibitory way to relieve pain and fever, it works in the CNS and does not alleviate inflammation in the periphery. Respiratory depression is the most severe side effect of opioid medications. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is not an anti-inflammatory agent. Although it affects cyclooxygenase enzymes in an inhibitory way, thereby relieving pain and fever, it works in the central nervous system (CNS) and does not alleviate inflammation in the periphery. An important difference between acetaminophen and aspirin is that acetaminophen does not have peripheral antiinflammatory properties or inhibitory effects on platelet function, which makes it safer to use with warfarin. Misuse of acetaminophen is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States and therefore is not considered risk free. First-generation NSAIDs inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, which results in a decrease in inflammation, pain, and fever. Unfortunately, inhibiting COX-1 enzymes has serious side effects such as gastric ulceration, bleeding, and renal damage. Celecoxib (Celebrex) is currently the only COX-2 inhibitor approved for use in the United States. The COX-2 inhibitor Vioxx was withdrawn from the market because of safety concerns, including the potential for an increased risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart attack and stroke. Mobic and
3 Acetaminophen Both an analgesic and an antipyretic Does not have peripheral antiinflammatory or inhibitory effects on platelet function Misuse of this is most common cause of liver failure Most cases are unintentional 7 Acetaminophen is widely considered the analgesic of choice for osteoarthritis, largely because when compared with NSAIDs, acetaminophen has fewer hematologic, gastrointestinal (ulcer), and renal effects. Maximum dose of acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol [APAP]) is 4 grams per day. 7 Aspirin Discovered from bark of willow tree Marketed by Bayer in 1899 Treats pain, fever, inflammation Shouldn't be given to children Reye s syndrome associated with its use 8 Maximum dose for adults is 4 g per day. A common side effect is upset stomach. Reye syndrome is a life-threatening metabolic disorder in young children of uncertain causes but is sometimes precipitated by the use of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). 8 Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Close structure to aspirin Suppress inflammation by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme COX-1: Promotes platelet aggregation, metabolic function COX-2: At site of tissue injury 9 NSAIDs suppress inflammation and also can be used for mild to moderate pain. They also have an antipyretic function (fever reducing). Celecoxib (Celebrex) is currently the only selective COX-2 inhibitor approved for use in the United States. Tylenol (acetaminophen) inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes within the CNS. Vicodin is a combination of hydrocodone and acetaminophen. 9
4 Common NSAIDs 10 Vioxx and Bextra, both of which are COX-2 inhibitors, were withdrawn from the market due to safety concerns. Advil and Motrin are both brands of ibuprofen, whereas the generic naproxen is marketed as Naprosyn. Naproxen, meloxicam, ibuprofen Should be taken with food to avoid stomach irritation 10 Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors Two forms: COX-1 COX-2 Side effects of inhibiting COX-1: Gastric ulceration, bleeding, renal damage COX-2 inhibition does not reduce NSAID side effects 11 The theory behind COX-2 selective inhibitors is that they could treat pain and inflammation without the risk of nonselective agents that also inhibit COX-1. COX-2 inhibitors are now usually reserved for patients who are intolerant of traditional NSAID agents. 11 Opioid Analgesics Mechanism of action: Act on opioid receptors in brain Changes perception of pain at CNS and spinal cord level Morphine is prototypical opioid agent Schedule II (controlled substances) Causes sedation and respiratory depression The three main types of opioid receptors in the brain are mu, kappa, and delta opioid receptors. Activation of mu-receptors produces analgesia, miosis (pupillary constriction), respiratory depression, euphoria, decreased gastrointestinal motility, and physical dependence. Overdose is potentially life threatening. Analgesia with opioids is mediated through changes in the perception of pain at the level of the spinal cord and CNS. Opioid medications are controlled substances, with the schedule depending on the agent and formulation. Tylenol with codeine is designated a C-III medication. Ultram is not a scheduled medication, and both Percocet and Duragesic are designated as C- II medications because of their high abuse potential. Opioid analgesics may cause dizziness or drowsiness, and alcohol will intensify these effects. All opioid analgesics are scheduled medications and therefore require the auxiliary label that reads, Caution: Federal law prohibits. Opioid antagonists, such as naloxone (Narcan) and naltrexone (Vivitrol), can be used to reverse the effects of opioid agonists by competing for opioidreceptor sites. Percocet is the combination of oxycodone and acetaminophen.
5 Osteoporosis Systemic skeletal disease Low bone mass and deterioration Danger is bone fracture Affects postmenopausal women 13 Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, which leads to bone fragility. Osteoporosis occurs when bone resorption outpaces the laying down of new bone. Fosamax, Boniva, and Actonel are all bisphosphonates. Evista is an estrogen modulator. Boniva may be administered 3 mg IV bolus every 3 months, as well as orally. Actonel and Fosamax are only available orally. Some prescription agents, such as the bisphosphonates and raloxifene (Evista), are indicated for both the prevention and the treatment of osteoporosis. Others, such as calcitonin, are used only for treatment. Adequate intake of vitamin D and calcium are critical co-therapies. Bisphosphonates (Fosamax and Actonel) and raloxifene (Evista) are indicated for both the prevention and the treatment of osteoporosis. 13 Osteoporosis Management and Treatment 14 According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, approximately 10 million people have osteoporosis, and 34 million are estimated to have low bone mass, which can lead to osteoporosis. Loss of calcium from the bones resulting in bones that become brittle and fracture or break easily Prevention of osteoporosis: Must be started early in life Lifestyle changes, exercise, diet, smoking cessation Exercise, calcium, vitamin D: Increase bone density 14 Osteoporosis Management and Treatment 15 An adequate intake of vitamin D and calcium are critical co-therapies. New studies: 15 minutes of direct sunlight twice weekly supplies enough vitamin D for body Multivitamins act as replacement for sun Long-term use of corticosteroids, medroxyprogesterone, excessive thyroid hormones promote osteoporosis 15
6 Gout Arthritis that occurs when uric acid builds in blood Uric acid crystals in joints lead to inflammation and pain Acute attack: Usually affects a single joint Treatment: Weight loss; abstaining from alcohol; diets low in beef, lamb, pork Drug treatments: Therapies include colchicine, NSAIDs, and corticosteroids 16 Ninety percent of patients with gout have trouble excreting uric acid, and 10% are overproducers. The prognosis for gout can be good if contributing factors can be identified and resolved to prevent recurrent gout attacks. Gout is a form of arthritis that occurs when uric acid builds up in the blood, leading to the development of uric acid crystals in the joint and resulting in inflammation and pain. A variety of nonpharmacologic interventions can be made to decrease the risk of gout attacks. Weight loss, abstaining from alcohol, and adopting a low purine diet (i.e., avoiding meats such as beef, lamb, and pork) can be particularly beneficial. Therapies include colchicine, NSAIDs, and corticosteroids, as well as maintaining low uric acid levels by using uricosuric drugs or xanthine oxidase inhibitors. 16 Skeletal Muscle Relaxants Used in injuries to musculoskeletal system Severe or chronic pain may require more care Drug therapies: Analgesics, muscle relaxers, physical therapy 17 For severe injuries, surgery may be an option if medications and physical therapy prove ineffective for treating the condition and maintaining quality of life and functionality. Skeletal muscle relaxants may cause dizziness and drowsiness, and alcohol can intensify these effects. Baclofen (Lioresal) is a skeletal muscle relaxant. 17 Neuromuscular Blockers Used with anesthetics in surgery Relax skeletal muscles to induce paralysis Two categories: Depolarizing and nondepolarizing Depolarizing: Succinylcholine (mimics acetylcholine) Nondepolarizing: Block receptor activation, preventing transmission of impulses 18 They are used to help place the patient on a ventilator and to suppress the patient s spontaneous breathing once a ventilator is in place. The type of neuromuscular blocker used depends on the duration of anesthesia required. Depolarizing agents, such as succinylcholine, mimic the effects of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Nondepolarizing agents block receptor activation by acetylcholine and thus prevent the transmission of impulses leading to muscle relaxation. 18
disease or in clients who consume alcohol on a regular basis. bilirubin
NON-OPIOID Acetaminophen(Tylenol) Therapeutic class: Analgesic, antipyretic Aspirin (ASA, Acetylsalicylic Acid) Analgesic, NSAID, antipyretic Non-Opioid Analgesics COMMON USES WHAT I NEED TO KNOW AS A
More informationAttention Pain Sufferers. Advil-Aleve-Bayer-Celebrex-DemerolMotrin-Naproxen-Oxycontin- PercocetToradol-Tylenol-Ultram-Vicodin-Voltaren...
From the desk of Kris Belfry Enerkinetics Natural Health Care 2684 Los Palmas Crt. Mississauga, On L5N 2G7 (416) 627 3455 "If someone wishes for good health, one must first ask oneself if he is ready to
More informationSlide 1. Slide 2. Slide 3. Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics and Antagonists. Lesson 6.1. Lesson 6.1. Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics and Antagonists
Slide 1 Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics and Antagonists Chapter 6 1 Slide 2 Lesson 6.1 Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics and Antagonists 1. Explain the classification, mechanism of action, and pharmacokinetics
More informationMUSCULOSKELETAL PHARMACOLOGY. A story of the inflamed
MUSCULOSKELETAL PHARMACOLOGY A story of the inflamed 1 INFLAMMATION Pathophysiology Inflammation Reaction to tissue injury Caused by release of chemical mediators Leads to a vascular response Fluid and
More informationCONCERNED ABOUT TAKING OPIOIDS AFTER SURGERY?
CONCERNED ABOUT TAKING OPIOIDS AFTER SURGERY? ASK YOUR DOCTOR ABOUT EXPAREL FOR LONG-LASTING, NON-OPIOID PAIN RELIEF. VISIT EXPAREL.com/patient FOR MORE INFORMATION. YOU HAVE A SAY IN HOW YOUR PAIN IS
More informationA PATIENT GUIDE FOR MANAGING PAIN
A PATIENT GUIDE FOR MANAGING PAIN PAIN MANAGEMENT Knowing the Facts Pain can be controlled. Pain is common after surgery and with many types of illnesses. Most patients with acute and chronic pain can
More informationNSAIDs. NSAIDs are important but they can have side effects.
NSAIDs Pain Treatment Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often recommended for initial treatment of pain and can be added to more powerful drugs to treat worse pain. Acetaminophen, such
More informationPAIN & ANALGESIA. often accompanied by clinical depression. fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue, etc. COX 1, COX 2, and COX 3 (a variant of COX 1)
Pain - subjective experience associated with detection of tissue damage ( nociception ) acute - serves as a warning chronic - nociception gone bad often accompanied by clinical depression fibromyalgia,
More informationA. Correct! Nociceptors are pain receptors stimulated by harmful stimuli, resulting in the sensation of pain.
Pharmacology - Problem Drill 19: Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Drugs No. 1 of 10 1. are pain receptors stimulated by harmful stimuli, resulting in the sensation of pain. #01 (A) Nociceptors (B) Histamines
More informationHurts So Good! The Concept of Pain and Pain Management. The Concept of Pain. The Concept of Pain. Program Learning Objectives
Program Learning Objectives Hurts So Good! Management of Dental Pain and Patient Care Considerations Thomas A. Viola, R.Ph., C.C.P. Fourth District Dental Society May 22, 2015 2015 Thomas A. Viola, R.Ph.
More informationSalicylates: Interactions 10/14/2009. Salicylates DRUGS USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS. Chapters 17, 18, 34 & Pages 577 &
DRUGS USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS Chapters 17, 18, 34 & Pages 577 & 579-586 Salicylates aspirin Have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Inhibits the production
More informationPAIN. Physiology of pain relating to pain management
PAIN Physiology of pain relating to pain management What is pain? An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. (Melzac and Wall) The generation of pain
More informationAnalgesics. Munir Gharaibeh, MD, PhD, MHPE Faculty of Medicine The University of Jordan March, 2014
Analgesics Munir Gharaibeh, MD, PhD, MHPE Faculty of Medicine The University of Jordan March, 2014 Mar-14 Munir Gharaibeh, MD, PhD, MHPE 2 Feature Comparison of Analgesics Narcotic (Opioids) Nonnarcotic
More informationA. Structure - Your skeletal system is your basic framework in your body.
II. Skeletal System A. Structure - Your skeletal system is your basic framework in your body. 1. 206 bones - Comprise the adult human body. 2. "os-", "osteo-" Both of these roots mean bone. What is an
More informationLESSON ASSIGNMENT. Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antigout Agents.
LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 4 Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antigout Agents. TEXT ASSIGNMENT Paragraphs 4-1 through 4-8. LESSON OBJECTIVES 4-1. Given one of the following terms: analgesic, antipyretic,
More informationWORRIED ABOUT PAIN AFTER ORAL SURGERY?
WORRIED ABOUT PAIN AFTER ORAL SURGERY? OPIOIDS ARE NOT THE ONLY WAY TO MANAGE PAIN Ask your doctor about opioid-free EXPAREL EXPAREL is indicated for single-dose infiltration in adults to produce postsurgical
More informationTips for Pain Management
Tips for Pain Management Going for the 3 Increases: Increase in Health, Increase in Happiness & Increase in Energy Strategies for Success in Health Management By: James J. Messina, Ph.D. What are the medical
More informationPain therapeutics. Acetaminophen/NSAIDs Acute pain Osteoarthritis Migraine Acute Gout Neuropathic pain
Pain therapeutics Acetaminophen/NSAIDs Acute pain Osteoarthritis Migraine Acute Gout Neuropathic pain James McCormack, Pharm.D. Professor Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UBC Common types of pain killers
More informationPain Management. University of Illinois at Chicago College of Nursing
Pain Management University of Illinois at Chicago College of Nursing 1 Learning Objectives Upon completion of this module, participants will be better able to: 1. Define pain management 2. Explore various
More informationSkeletal and Muscular Systems. Bone myths
Skeletal and Muscular Systems Bone myths Myth No. 1: A fracture is a milder form of bone injury than a broken bone. Myth No. 2: Once bones are fully developed, they stop changing. Myth No. 3: Osteoporosis
More informationRisk Management Plan Etoricoxib film-coated tablets
VI.2 Elements for a Public Summary VI.2.1 Overview of disease epidemiology Osteoarthritis (OA): OA is a condition in which the cartilage of the joints is broken down. This causes stiffness, pain and leads
More informationCelecoxib Powder, Diclofenac Powder, Flurbiprofen Powder, Ibuprofen Powder, Ketoprofen Powder, Meloxicam Powder, Tramadol Powder
Federal Employee Program 1310 G Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 202.942.1000 Fax 202.942.1125 5.02.26 Subject: Anti-Inflammatory Pain Powders Page: 1 of 5 Last Review Date: December 3, 2015 Anti-Inflammatory
More informationniap Terms and Definitions
Our topic today is about analgesics. niap General concept: pain brings patients to the Doctors at the same time. Fear from the pain can keep the patient from going to the Doctors at appropriate time. We
More informationAsprin Bryce Gates Richard hammond Agustin chavez
Asprin Bryce Gates Richard hammond Agustin chavez Who discovered asprins? The discovery of aspirin is customarily said to have resulted from Felix Hoffmann's rheumatic father encouraging his son to produce
More informationIs naproxen the same as ibuprofen
You could but it is not recommended. The same goes for Aleve ( naproxen ). You might try Tylenol instead. Ibuprofen is used primarily to treat fever (including postimmunisation fever), mild to moderate
More informationCar a e e o f o th f e th e Pati Pa e ti n e t n wi w th i th a Mus u c s u c l u o l s o k s e k l e e l t e al a l Dis i o s r o de d r
Care of the Patient with a Musculoskeletal Disorder 1 Slide 1 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology Function of the bones Support Protection Movement Mineral storage Hemopoiesis Slide 2 Functions of the muscles
More informationOPIOIDS: THE GOOD, THE BAD, AND EVERYTHING IN-BETWEEN
OPIOIDS: THE GOOD, THE BAD, AND EVERYTHING IN-BETWEEN ANTOINETTE BROWN, RPH LAUREL RAMER, 2019 PHARMD CANDIDATE 2018 WYOMING CONFERENCE ON AGING LARAMIE, WY OCTOBER 3, 2018 OBJECTIVES 1. Understand the
More informationThe Muscular System PART A
6 The Muscular System PART A PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB The Muscular System
More informationElements for a Public Summary Overview of disease epidemiology
VI.2 VI.2.1 Elements for a Public Summary Overview of disease epidemiology Acute pain usually responds to medication and should settle in less than three months. Inadequate pain relief may lead to other
More informationCHAPTER 4 PAIN AND ITS MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 4 PAIN AND ITS MANAGEMENT Pain Definition: An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. Types of Pain
More informationPharmacology. Definitions. Pharmacology Definitions 8/20/2013. Drug:
Pharmacology Medications and their potential implications in physical therapy Definitions Drug: Any substance that alters physiologic function in the organism, regardless of whether the effect is beneficial
More informationLatest Press Release. doubledown casino active chips
corp@stantec.com Latest Press Release doubledown casino active chips S Nov 1, 2017. Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and meloxicam (Mobic) are drugs used to manage mild to moderate pain, inflammation, and fever.
More information4 2 Osteoarthritis 1
Osteoarthritis 1 Osteoarthritis ( OA) Osteoarthritis is a chronic disease and the most common of all rheumatological disorders. It particularly affects individuals over the age of 65 years. The prevalence
More informationWhat is an opioid? What do opioids do? Why is there an opioid overdose crisis? What is fentanyl? What about illicit or bootleg fentanyls?
What is an opioid? What do opioids do? Why is there an opioid overdose crisis? What is fentanyl? What about illicit or bootleg fentanyls? What is an opioid? What do opioids do?: The term opioid can be
More informationOSTEOARTHRITIS An introduction to aging science brought to you by the American Federation for Aging Research
infoaging guides DISEASES OF AGING OSTEOARTHRITIS An introduction to aging science brought to you by the American Federation for Aging Research WHAT IS OSTEOARTHRITIS? Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common
More informationArthritis of the Knee
Arthritis of the Knee There are three basic types of arthritis that may affect the knee joint. Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of knee arthritis. OA is usually a slowly progressive
More informationKNEE PAIN MANAGEMENT
KNEE PAIN MANAGEMENT Mr D Raj FRCS (Tr & Orth) Consultant Lower Limb Orthopaedic Surgeon BostoniaN Private Wing Pilgrim Hospital, Boston Lincolnshire PE21 9QS Boston treatment Centre, West Business Park,
More informationRISK MANAGEMENT PLAN (RMP) PUBLIC SUMMARY ETORICOXIB ORION (ETORICOXIB) 30 MG, 60 MG, 90 MG & 120 MG FILM-COATED TABLET DATE: , VERSION 1.
RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN (RMP) PUBLIC SUMMARY ETORICOXIB ORION (ETORICOXIB) 30 MG, 60 MG, 90 MG & 120 MG FILM-COATED TABLET DATE: 07-10-2016, VERSION 1.2 VI.2 Elements for a Public Summary Etoricoxib Orion
More informationMedications for Persistent Pain
Medications for Persistent Pain An Older Adult s Guide to Safe Use of Pain Medications THE AGS FOUNDATION FOR HEALTH IN AGING What is persistent pain? Introduction Persistent, or chronic pain, is pain
More informationFacts About Aging and. Bone Health. A Guide to Better Understanding and Well-Being. This educational information is proudly provided by
and Bone Health A Guide to Better Understanding and Well-Being This educational information is proudly provided by Aging The fact is, everyone experiences slow loss of bone strength and bone density throughout
More informationCOX-2 inhibitors: A cautionary tale. October 2, 2006
COX-2 inhibitors: A cautionary tale October 2, 2006 Molecular interventions in human disease... An approach as old as human civilization. With whom the herbs have come together Like kingly chiefs unto
More informationStructural Support and Movement. Chapter 36
Structural Support and Movement Chapter 36 Impacts, Issues Pumping Up Muscles Increasing muscle size and strength with drugs such as andro has unwanted side effects and can damage other organ systems 36.1
More informationOsteoporosis. Skeletal System
Osteoporosis Introduction Osteoporosis is a very common bone disease that causes bone to become weak. Bone weakness can lead to fractures of the spine, hip, and wrist from simple falls or even a sneeze
More informationHelpline No:
ARTHRITIS FOUNDATION Registered Nonprofit Organisation - No. 002-847 NPO Helpline No: 0861 30 30 30 DRUGS AND ARTHRITIS This information leaflet is published by the Arthritis Foundation as part of our
More informationManaging Osteoarthritis Pain With Medicines. A Review of the Research for Adults
Managing Osteoarthritis Pain With Medicines A Review of the Research for Adults Is This Summary Right for Me? Yes, if: A doctor* said you have osteoarthritis (pronounced ah-stee-oharth-rye-tis). Osteoarthritis
More informationPAIN PODCAST SHOW NOTES:
PAIN PODCAST SHOW NOTES: Dallas Holladay, DO Ultrasound Fellow Cook County Hospital Rush University Medical Center Jonathan D. Alterie, DO PGY-2, Emergency Medicine Midwestern University An overview of
More informationPage 1
Osteoporosis Osteoporosis is a condition characterised by weakened bones that fracture easily. After menopause many women are at risk of developing osteoporosis. Peak bone mass is usually reached during
More informationOsteoporosis. Treatment of a Silently Developing Disease
Osteoporosis Treatment of a Silently Developing Disease Marc K. Drezner, MD Senior Associate Dean Emeritus Professor of Medicine Emeritus University of Wisconsin-Madison Auditorium The Forest at Duke October
More information5 MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
5 MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM 5.01 NON-STEROIDAL ANTIILAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDS) *Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) Tab Soluble 300mg Diclofenac Sodium Tab 25mg, Supp 25mg, 50mg & 100mg (Voltaren) 300-900mg every
More informationElements for a Public Summary
VI.2 Elements for a Public Summary VI.2.1 Overview of disease epidemiology Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is the most common type of joint disease. It represents a group of conditions that result in changes
More informationArthritis. that affects the joints.
Arthritis that affects the joints. The word arthritis literally means inflammation of the joints. Though joint inflammation is often a symptom, rather than a specific diagnosis itself, the term arthritis
More informationManaging Gout A Review of the Research for Adults
Managing Gout A Review of the Research for Adults e Is This Information Right for Me? This information is right for you if: Your health care professional* has said that you have gout. You are age 18 or
More information21 st June BDS BASHD Therapeutics Pain and Analgesia. BASHD Therapeutics Analgesics and Pain Management. Links to other BASHD content
Volume of Prescribing by Dentists 2011 ( a reminder) BASHD Therapeutics Analgesics and Pain Management Analgesics account for 1 in 80 dental prescriptions made A lot more analgesics will be suggested for
More informationAnalgesic Drugs PHL-358-PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS-I. Mr.D.Raju,M.pharm, Lecturer
Analgesic Drugs PHL-358-PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS-I Mr.D.Raju,M.pharm, Lecturer Mechanisms of Pain and Nociception Nociception is the mechanism whereby noxious peripheral stimuli are transmitted to
More informationNERVOUS SYSTEM NERVOUS SYSTEM. Somatic nervous system. Brain Spinal Cord Autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic nervous system
SYNAPTIC NERVOUS SYSTEM NERVOUS SYSTEM CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Brain Spinal Cord Autonomic nervous system Somatic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous
More informationOsteoporosis. Definition
Osteoporosis Definition Osteoporosis causes bones to become weak and brittle so brittle that a fall or even mild stresses like bending over or coughing can cause a fracture. Osteoporosis-related fractures
More informationEtoricoxib STADA 30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg and 120 mg film-coated tablets , Version V1.2 PUBLIC SUMMARY OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN
Etoricoxib STADA 30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg and 120 mg film-coated tablets 23.5.2016, Version V1.2 PUBLIC SUMMARY OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN VI.2 Elements for a Public Summary Etoricoxib STADA 30 mg film-coated
More informationToday, these are all common knowledge, especially in this wonderful age of the Internet, where Dr. Google is on-call 24/7.
MY column on Aspirin, the Wonder Drug came out in 2002 when this common household item was on the spotlight for sometime for its new role in staving off heart attack, medically termed Acute Myocardial
More informationNon-Steroidal Anti- Inflammatory Drugs. ATPE 410 Chapter 6
Non-Steroidal Anti- Inflammatory Drugs ATPE 410 Chapter 6 Inflammatory Process A normal, beneficial process that begins immediately after injury to facilitate repair and return the tissue to normal function
More informationPHARMACOLOGY ESSENTIALS FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
Focus on PHARMACOLOGY ESSENTIALS FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONALS CHAPTER 29 Drugs Used to Treat Musculoskeletal Conditions Multimedia Directory Slide 6 Slide 25 Slide 38 Osteoporosis Video Arthritis Video Mechanism
More informationIUPAC Name 2-diethylaminoethyl 1- cyclohexylcyclohexane-1- carboxylate Chemical Structure. Molecular Weight
Drug Profile of Dicyclomine Generic Name Dicyclomine IUPAC Name 2-diethylaminoethyl 1- cyclohexylcyclohexane-1- carboxylate Chemical Structure Molecular Weight 309.48 Molecular formula C 19 H 35 NO 2 Melting
More informationPrescription Pain Management. University of Hawai i Hilo Pre- Nursing Program NURS 203 General Pharmacology Danita 1 Narciso Pharm D
Prescription Pain Management University of Hawai i Hilo Pre- Nursing Program NURS 203 General Pharmacology Danita 1 Narciso Pharm D 2 Objectives Understand how to preform a pain assessment Know which medications
More informationPain or stiffness in joints after periods of inactivity or excessive use
Arthritis Awareness* Some older adults call it Arthur ; others refer to it as their constant compassion, but most describe it as extremely painful Arthritis is a chronic joint disease It is commonly believed
More informationSKELETAL AND MUSCULAR SYSTEMS WHAT MOVES YOU!
SKELETAL AND MUSCULAR SYSTEMS WHAT MOVES YOU! WHAT ARE THE MAIN FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM? THE SKELETAL SYSTEM The skeletal system is the organ system that supports and protects the body and allows
More informationChapter 19 Musculoskeletal
Musculoskeletal System Chapter 19 Musculoskeletal System 1 Consists of Bones and Muscles Along with associated connective tissues Tendons, ligaments, cartilage Skeleton provides support to body and protection
More informationThe Nervous and Muscular Systems and the role of ATP
The Nervous and Muscular Systems and the role of ATP Overview of the Nervous System General parts: The brain The spinal cord The nerves and sense organs General functions: controls and coordinates body
More informationOvercoming joint pain and arthritis
Overcoming joint pain and arthritis The 9 things you need to know to get moving again This guide provides an overview about managing joint pain, stiffness and swelling without sacrificing your quality
More informationEnabling Courses: Human Biology
Enabling Courses: Human Biology Module 4 Organ/System Level of Organisation Principles of Anatomy and Physiology G.J. Tortora & B. Derrickson 13 th Edition, 2012 Copyright 2012 by Biological Sciences Textbooks,
More informationNO BONES ABOUT IT. What you need to know about osteoporosis _cov_a _cov_b _cov_c
NO BONES ABOUT IT What you need to know about osteoporosis 210054900_cov_a 210054900_cov_b 210054900_cov_c WHAT S IT ALL ABOUT? Your bones have a thick, strong wall on the outside. Inside this wall, the
More informationSUMMARY OF ARIZONA OPIOID PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC NON-TERMINAL PAIN (CNTP)
9 SUMMARY OF ARIZONA OPIOID PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC NON-TERMINAL PAIN (CNTP) SUMMARY OF ARIZONA OPIOID PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE PAIN NONOPIOID TREATMENTS
More informationFact Sheet 2. Patient Tool Kit Types of Pain Medications. Chronic pain is pain that lasts longer than it should and serves no useful purpose.
Sheet 2 Fact Sheet 2 Types of Pain Medications Chronic pain is pain that lasts longer than it should and serves no useful purpose. You may have heard the familiar phrase no two people are exactly alike.
More informationChapter 16. Human Anatomy
Chapter 16 Human Anatomy Each System we will examine: Structures types Problems or health concerns How to care for that system Skeletal System Made up of bones, joints, connective tissue Is the frame for
More information1
www.osteoporosis.ca 1 2 Overview of the Presentation Osteoporosis: An Overview Bone Basics Diagnosis of Osteoporosis Drug Therapies Risk Reduction Living with Osteoporosis 3 What is Osteoporosis? Osteoporosis:
More informationCHAPTER 4 PAIN AND ITS MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 4 PAIN AND ITS MANAGEMENT Pain Definition: An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. Types of Pain
More informationBisphosphonates. Making intelligent drug choices
Making intelligent drug choices Bisphosphonates are a first choice for treating osteoporosis, according to Kedrin E. Van Steenwyk, DO, an obstetrician/gynecologist at Sycamore Women s Center, Miamisburg,
More informationSkeletal system. Skeletal system includes: bones of the skeleton, cartilage and ligaments
Skeletal System 1 Skeletal system Skeletal system includes: bones of the skeleton, cartilage and ligaments Functions: Support (structural support of whole body) Storage of minerals (calcium) Storage of
More informationCoach on Call. Thank you for your interest in How to Prevent and Treat Aches and Pains. I hope you find this tip sheet helpful.
It was great to talk with you. Thank you for your interest in. I hope you find this tip sheet helpful. Please give me a call if you have more questions about this or other topics. As your UPMC Health Plan
More informationSummary of the risk management plan (RMP) for Clopidogrel/Acetylsalicylic acid Teva (clopidogrel / acetylsalicylic acid)
EMA/411850/2014 London, 28 July 2014 Summary of the risk management plan (RMP) for (clopidogrel / acetylsalicylic acid) This is a summary of the risk management plan (RMP) for, which details the measures
More informationBIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH.49 - MUSCLE SYSTEMS.
!! www.clutchprep.com BIOLOGY - CLUTCH Muscle system organ system that includes skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle Muscle tissue capable of contracting through the interaction of actin and myosin proteins
More informationCymbalta anti inflammatory
Cymbalta anti inflammatory The Borg System is 100 % Cymbalta anti inflammatory 11/01/2017 Abcya math man games 11/02/2017 Lalaloopsy 11/03/2017 Free keno wheels Cymbalta and ibuprofen. View detailed information
More informationThe Bare Bones of Osteoporosis. Wendy Rosenthal, PharmD
The Bare Bones of Osteoporosis Wendy Rosenthal, PharmD Definition A systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase
More informationLESSON ASSIGNMENT. LESSON OBJECTIVES 3-1. Given a group of definitions, select the definition of the term muscle relaxant.
LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 3 Skeletal Muscle Relaxants. TEXT ASSIGNMENT Paragraphs 3-1 through 3-7. LESSON OBJECTIVES 3-1. Given a group of definitions, select the definition of the term muscle relaxant.
More informationA Statewide Evaluation of Opioid Prescribing Patterns with an Emphasis on Drug Diversion and Substance Abuse
A Statewide Evaluation of Opioid Prescribing Patterns with an Emphasis on Drug Diversion and Substance Abuse INVESTIGATIVE TEAM: STEERING COMMITTEE FOR THE TUFTS HEALTH CARE INSTITUTE ON OPIOID RISK MANAGEMENT
More informationGuide to Understanding and Managing Arthritis
Guide to Understanding and Managing Arthritis The content in this guide is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician
More informationBirthdate: / / Address: Age: Sex: M F. Telephone: H ( ) City State Zip W ( ) C ( )
Please complete this questionnaire in its entirety, even if you feel some questions may not apply to you. Our staff is available should you have any questions, or need assistance with the completion of
More informationTHe Skeletal System 1
THe Skeletal System 1 What the Skeletal System DOes! Skeleton: works as the framework of your body and is made up of all of the bones in your body The number of bones in your skeleton depends on your age.
More informationChapter 18. Skeletal Muscle Relaxants (Neuromuscular Blocking Agents)
Chapter 18 Skeletal Muscle Relaxants (Neuromuscular Blocking Agents) Uses of Neuromuscular Blocking Facilitate intubation Surgery Agents Enhance ventilator synchrony Reduce intracranial pressure (ICP)
More informationPain Control After Surgery. Patient Information
Pain Control After Surgery Patient Information What is Pain? Pain is an uncomfortable feeling that tells you something may be wrong in your body. Pain is your body s way of sending a warning to your brain.
More informationPharmacology 260 Online Course Schedule Summer 2015
Pharmacology 260 Online Course Summer 201 The topics listed below do not necessarily correspond to a 1 - hour lecture period. You should cover the topics for each week at some time during that week. Readings
More informationTreatments for Common Pain Disorders. Matthew R. Kohler, MD Hudson Spine and Pain Medicine 03/01/2017
Treatments for Common Pain Disorders Matthew R. Kohler, MD Hudson Spine and Pain Medicine 03/01/2017 Acute Disc Herniation Conservative Approach (Four to Six Weeks) Physical Therapy, exercise and gentle
More informationKaram Darwish. Dr. Munir. Munir Gharaibeh
7 Karam Darwish Dr. Munir Munir Gharaibeh Opioid Analgesics Pain is an important symptom as it is usually the symptom that brings the patient to the hospital, and an Analgesic is a drug used to relieve
More informationLearning Objectives. ! Students will become familiar with the 3 treatment solutions for osteoporosis. ! Students should be able to define osteoporosis
Learning Objectives! Students should be able to define osteoporosis! Students should be able to identify some risk factors of osteoporosis! Students should be able to identify some of the people in the
More information9/30/2017. Case Study: Complete Pain Assessment and Multimodal Approach to Pain Management. Program Objectives. Impact of Poorly Managed Pain
Case Study: Complete Pain Assessment and Multimodal Approach to Pain Management MARY BETH PARTYKA MSN ADULT NURSE PRACTITIONER ADVOCATE CHRIST MEDICAL CENTER ADULT PAIN SERVICE Program Objectives Identify
More informationNSAIDS - non-salicylates
NSAIDS - non-salicylates Sandra P. Welch, Ph.D. Professor Pharmacology & Toxicology McGuire Hall Room 505, 828-8424, swelch@hsc.vcu.edu Learning Objectives: 1. Learn the main differentiating property,
More informationASPIRIN. Session Two of TIP Assignment
ASPIRIN Session Two of TIP Assignment History Behind Aspirin Development 2 Pain relief is something that has been sought after since the ancient Greeks and Egyptians used bark and dried leaves of the poplar
More informationVitamins, NSAIDS, & Alcohol
Vitamins, SAIDS, & Alcohol Vitamins Fat soluble Water soluble (vision) (scurvy, antioxidant) 2 + Thiamine S (blood clotting) (carbohydrate use) iacin (metabolic roles) (cell signally, antioxidant) 2 (precursor
More informationPharmacology Second. - Contraction of detrusor muscle in the bladder.
Pharmacology Second 1) Which of the following is correct regarding the autonomic nervous system (ANS)? - Afferent neurons carry signals from the CNS to the effector organs. - The neurotransmitter at the
More information1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system Bellringer The process of blood cell formation in the red bone marrow of bones is called: a. Erythrocytopenia b. Hemolysis c. hemopoiesis
More informationJoint Injuries and Disorders
Joint Injuries and Disorders Introduction A joint is where two or more bones come together. Your joints include the knees, hips, elbows and shoulders. There are many types of joint disorders, including
More informationWILLIAM K MONTGOMERY, MD
WILLIAM K MONTGOMERY, MD Knee and Hip Joint Replacement Specialist New Patient Questionnaire NAME: DOB: / / AGE: Your Primary Care Physician: Phone Number: Referring Physician: Phone Number: Are you a
More information