The Statistical Analysis of Failure Time Data

Transcription

1 The Statistical Analysis of Failure Time Data Second Edition JOHN D. KALBFLEISCH ROSS L. PRENTICE iwiley- 'INTERSCIENCE A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION

2 Contents Preface xi 1. Introduction Failure Time Data, Failure Time Distributions, Time Origins, Censoring, and Truncation, Estimation of the Survivor Function, Comparison of Survival Curves, Generalizations to Accommodate Delayed Entry, Counting Process Notation, 24 Bibliographic Notes, 26 Exercises and Complements, Failure Time Models Introduction, Some Continuous Parametric Failure Time Models, Regression Models, Discrete Failure Time Models, 46 Bibliographic Notes, 49 Exercises and Complements, Inference in Parametric Models and Related Topics Introduction, Censoring Mechanisms, Censored Samples from an Exponential Distribution, Large-Sample Likelihood Theory, Exponential Regression, 65 vii

3 Viii CONTENTS 3.6 Estimation in Log-Linear Regression Models, Illustrations in More Complex Data Sets, Discrimination Among Parametric Models, Inference with Interval Censoring, Discussion, 83 Bibliographic Notes, 85 Exercises and Complements, Relative Risk (Cox) Regression Models Introduction, Estimation of (3, Estimation of the Baseline Hazard or Survivor Function, Inclusion of Strata, Illustrations, Counting Process Formulas, Related Topics on the Cox Model, Sampling from Discrete Models, 135 Bibliographic Notes, 142 Exercises and Complements, Counting Processes and Asymptotic Theory Introduction, Counting Processes and Intensity Functions, Martingales, Vector-Valued Martingales, Martingale Central Limit Theorem, Asymptotics Associated with Chapter 1, Asymptotic Results for the Cox Model, Asymptotic Results for Parametric Models, Efficiency of the Cox Model Estimator, Partial Likelihood Filtration, 188 Bibliographic Notes, 189 Exercises and Complements, Likelihood Construction and Further Results Introduction, Likelihood Construction in Parametric Models, Time-Dependent Covariates and Further Remarks on Likelihood Construction, 196

4 CONTENTS ix 6.4 Time Dependence in the Relative Risk Model, Nonnested Conditioning Events, Residuals and Model Checking for the Cox Model, 210 Bibliographic Notes, 212 Exercises and Complements, Rank Regression and the Accelerated Failure Time Model Introduction, Linear Rank Tests, Development and Properties of Linear Rank Tests, Estimation in the Accelerated Failure Time Model, Some Related Regression Models, 241 Bibliographic Notes, 242 Exercises and Complements, Competing Risks and Multistate Models Introduction, Competing Risks, Life-History Processes, 266 Bibliographic Notes, 273 Exercises and Complements, Modeling and Analysis of Recurrent Event Data Introduction, Intensity Processes for Recurrent Events, Overall Intensity Process Modeling and Estimation, Mean Process Modeling and Estimation, Conditioning on Aspects of the Counting Process History, 297 Bibliographic Notes, 299 Exercises and Complements, Analysis of Correlated Failure Time Data Introduction, Regression Models for Correlated Failure Time Data, Representation and Estimation of the Bivariate Survivor Function, Pairwise Dependency Estimation, Illustration: Australian Twin Data, 313

5 X CONTENTS 10.6 Approaches to Nonparametric Estimation of the Bivariate Survivor Function, Survivor Function Estimation in Higher Dimensions, 322 Bibliographic Notes, 323 Exercises and Complements, Additional Failure Time Data Topics Introduction, Stratified Bivariate Failure Time Analysis, Fixed Study Period Survival Studies, Cohort Sampling and Case-Control Studies, Missing Covariate Data, Mismeasured Covariate Data, Sequential Testing with Failure Time Endpoints, Bayesian Analysis of the Proportional Hazards Model, Some Analyses of a Particular Data Set, 361 Bibliographic Notes, 369 Exercises and Complements, 371 Glossary of Notation 375 Appendix A: Some Sets of Data 378 Appendix B: Supporting Technical Material 396 Bibliography 404 Author Index 429 Subject Index 435