Could it be Autism? Early Diagnosis of Autism. What is Autism? Welcome! to All About Autism. Why? Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

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1 Could it be Autism? Welcome! to All About Autism These notes are on under Workshops Sponsored by: Dedicated Parents Talk 2 Me Autism Society Ontario Windsor/Essex Chapter Autism Services Inc. Children First John McGivney Centre Ontario Early Years Centres The Summit Centre for Preschool Children with Autism Thames Valley Children s Centre Autism Intervention Program Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 1 Why? Early Diagnosis of Autism early intervention better prognosis so parents know connect to autism community support for families long wait lists start early! Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 2 Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) Oct. 29, 2007 American Academy of Pediatricians recommends ALL children be screened for ASD at 18 months and 24 months Behaviour What is Autism? Social Communication difficulty with change no/delayed speech intense interests 2-way conversation repetitive and sticky weak play low social interest friendships for level weak sharing eye contact Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 3 Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 4 1

2 Autism is a spectrum disorder from very delayed to above average abilities from mild to moderate to severe autistic behaviours developmental abilities & symptoms may improve with good programming Autism: Associated Features may occur, not required for diagnosis cognitive; deficits, strengths & weaknesses (50-70% intellectual impairment) unusual motor behaviours unusual sensory behaviours eating, sleeping, drinking attention; joint, shifting, focus mood; anxieties & fears medical conditions, seizures Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 5 Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 6 Red Flags immediate evaluation if no babbling by 12 months no gesturing by 12 months no single words by 16 months no 2-word phrases by 24 months (not just echolalic) any loss of any language or social skills at any age (30%) Filipek et al, Amer. Acad. Neurology, Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 7 First Signs of Autism: Behaviour At 12 months of age, may see unusual eye contact visual tracking disengagement of visual attention orienting to name imitation social smiling reactivity, social interest & affect sensory behaviors Zwaigenbaum, Bryson, Rogers, Rogerts, Brian & Szatmari, Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 8 2

3 First Signs of Autism: Other Temperament: 6 months, marked passivity & low activity level 12 months, extreme distress, fixating on particular objects, & rarely in a positive mood Delayed expressive & receptive language Zwaigenbaum, Bryson, Rogers, Rogerts, Brian & Szatmari, 2005 Challenging behaviours may be the first sign of high functioning autism Causes of Autism neurological disorder 4.6 boys to every girl genetic susceptibility environmental triggers? not related to parenting or learning not related to MMR vaccine or preservatives in vaccines Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 9 Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 10 More Children with Autism? 60 per 10,000 children (Fombonne, 2003) 1 in every 150 children (CDC, 2007) 1 in every 455 girls 1 in every 101 boys more children identified now??? better identification? - better public awareness - wider definition - misdiagnoses? increased prevalence, incidence? Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 11 Diagnosing Autism: need standardized behaviour ratings of child standardized parent report of child s behaviours early developmental history Psychologist or Physician with training & experience Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 12 3

4 Explaining Autism to Your Relatives Explaining Autism to Relatives e.g. you watched too much television Blame e.g. just spank him Misplaced advice e.g. your husband didn t talk til he was 4 Denial Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 14 Explaining Autism to Relatives e.g. 20 family members join ASO Support e.g. grandmother volunteers Support e.g. fundraising relatives Support Research Shows Support helps parents of children with autism helps siblings of children with autism AND helps children with autism make more progress Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 16 4

5 So, how to get Support from your relatives? grandparents parents brothers sisters aunts uncles cousins Were Previous Relationships close distant comfortable tense easygoing conflictual? Is it worth it? Can it improve? Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 18 Autism Spectrum Disorders bring strong families closer can drive distant families apart Your Relatives & Your Child s Diagnosis? denial? anger? bargaining? depression? acceptance? It s a natural process - it takes time! Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 20 5

6 Give Them Information Maybe they will see Behaviour difficulty with change intense interests repetitive and sticky What is Autism? Social Communication low social interest friendships for level weak sharing eye contact no/delayed speech 2-way conversation weak play Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 22 Let Your Relatives Know how they can support you and your family driving child care listening shopping being with you Support can be activities with your other children showing you that they care! Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 24 6

7 Get Them Involved! invite them to meetings for your child introduce them to your child s professionals take them to a workshop give them an ASO membership as a gift borrow them a book or video from ASI invite them to an autism pasta dinner, picnic take them on a tour of your child s school invite them to a support group If Your Relatives Can t Support You Seek Support elsewhere! your spouse friends religious groups support groups online other parents of children with autism Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 26 Even the smallest footsteps can cross great distances. mgragg@uwindsor.ca Marcia Gragg, PhD, CPsych, Nov. 14/07 p. 27 7

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