Cooperative Extension, University of California FRUIT & NUT NOTES

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1 Cooperative Extension, University of California FRUIT & NUT NOTES Yolo County February 2003 IN THIS ISSUE: South Sacramento Valley Almond Meeting Yolo/Solano Counties Walnut Growers Meeting Yolo/Solano/Sacramento Counties Cooperative Extension and Clarksburg Wine Grape Association Meeting Sutter/Yuba Dried Plum Day Cherry Production Short Course Frost Advances in Codling Moth Management, March 4, 2003 Advances in Codling Moth Management, March 6, 2003 Almond Fungicide Efficacy Prune Fungicide Efficacy Efficacy: Tree Crops SOUTH SACRAMENTO VALLEY ALMOND MEETING Yolo, Solano, Colusa, Counties February 19, :00am to 12:00noon Norton Hall, 70 Cottonwood Street, Woodland, CA 8:30am 9:00am 9:40am 10:20am 10:35am 11:10am 11:50am Coffee and Donuts Almond Bud Failure by Tom Gradziel, Dept. of Pomology at UC Davis Almond Pollination with Honey Bees by Eric Mussen, Dept. of Entomology and Bee Biology at UC Davis Break Planting to Establish Healthy Trees by Wilbur Reil, UC Farm Advisor in Yolo/Solano Counties Peach Twig Borer and Navel Orange worm Control by Walt Benltey, UC Cooperative Extension IPM Specialist at UC Kearney Agricultural Center in Parlier, CA Wrap-up: General Almond Questions That Have Not Been Answered by Wilbur Reil *****We have applied for PCA and Private Applicator credits.**** University of California and U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating

2 YOLO/SOLANO COUNTIES WALNUT GROWERS MEETING March 18, am to Noon Norton Hall, 70 Cottonwood Street, Woodland, CA The Program is being finalized at this time and will be printed in the next newsletter. Mark your calendars now. Some of the topics will include walnut blight, codling moth control, tree pruning, and light management. YOLO/SOLANO/ SACRAMENTO COUNTIES COOPERATIVE EXTENSION AND CLARKSBURG WINE GRAPE ASSOCIATION MEETING March 13, :30am to Afternoon Jean Harvie Senior and Community Center, Walnut Grove Wine grape growers should plan on attending this grower meeting. The program will be in the next newsletter. SUTTER/YUBA DRIED PLUM DAY February 26, :30am to Noon Veteran s Hall Yuba City Call the Sutter County Cooperative Extension Office for directions at (530) CHERRY PRODUCTION SHORT COURSE A Cherry Production Short Course will be held in Stockton, March 25-27, This intensive course will provide the latest information about cherry production, pest management and harvest/postharvest. The cost is $580. For further information contact UC Davis Extension at (800) FROST Although we normally don t want to think about problems such as frost that occur during the spring, there are a few cultural practices that can help minimize damage. Sometimes one or two degrees difference in temperature can mean whether a crop is lost or saved. Tall vegetation or weed growth is the coldest condition possible but very loosely disked soil is not too much warmer. The following chart shows approximate temperature differences that can be expected under various orchard floor management practices. Ground Preparation Temperature Change* ========================================================== Bare, Firm, Moist Ground Warmest Shredded Covercrop, Moist Ground ½ F cooler Low Growing Covercrop, Moist Ground 1 to 3 F colder Dry, Firm Ground 2 F colder Freshly Disked, Fluffy Ground 2 to 3 F colder High Covercrop 2 to 4 F colder High Covercrop Restricted Air 6 to 8 F colder Drainage *All conditions are compared to bare, firm, moist ground. Strip weed control down the tree row will provide warm conditions in proportion to the area without vegetation, i.e. if 25 percent of the total is bare and 75 percent has a high cover crop, the orchard will be 1-1/2 to 3 F colder than bare, firm, moist ground. 2

3 ALMOND FUNGICIDE EFFICACY Fungicide Resistance risk Brown rot Jacket rot Leaf blight Shot hole Scab Rust 1 Anthrac nose Altern aria Benlate 2 high Rovral + oil 3 low ? +++ +/ Topsin M 2 high Vangard high ? ?? + 9 Abound high Elevate high ? +?? ----? Flint high Laredo high Rovral low ? Bravo 4 low ++ NR NR +++? NR +++ NR Captan 5 low Maneb low Rally 5 high / Ziram low Copper low +/- +/ ? Sulfur low +/- +/ Rating: ++++ = excellent and consistent, +++ = good and reliable, ++ = moderate and variable, + = limited and/or erratic, +/- = minimal and often ineffective, ---- = ineffective, and? = unknown. NR = not registered. 1. Of the materials listed, only sulfur Abound and Flint are registered for use in late spring and early summer when treatment is recommended. Application only at 5 weeks after petal fall will not adequately control the disease. 2. Benlate label withdrawn. Strains of the brown rot fungi Monilinia laxa and M. fructicola resistant to Benlate and Topsin have been found in some California almond orchards. Resistant strains of the jacket rot fungus, Botrytis cinerea, have been reported in California on crops other than almond and stone fruits. Resistant strains of the scab fungus, Cladosporium carpophilum, have been reported on other crops but not in California. 3. Oil is a light summer oil, 1 to 2% volume/volume. 4. Bravo Ultrex only, and only 3.6 lbs/acre. 5. Do not use in combination with or shortly before or after oil treatment. 6. Efficacy is better in concentrate ( gal/acre) than in dilute sprays. 7. Excellent control obtained with combination of Benlate and Captan; activity of Topsin should be similar to that of Benlate. 8. The low rates necessary to avoid phytotoxicity in spring reduce the efficacy of copper. 9. Not registered for use later than 5 weeks after petal fall; three spring applications improve the effectiveness of Abound summer treatments. 10. Efficacy reduced at high temperatures and relative humidity; experimental for Alternaria. Fungicide Tables for Fruit and Nut Crops and Grapevines 2003 University of California -- 11

4 PRUNE FUNGICIDE EFFICACY Material Resistance Brown rot Russet scab Rust risk Blossom Fruit Benlate 1 + oil 2 high Orbit (Break) high ++++ NR ----? Rovral 3 + oil 2 low ++++ NR ---- NR Topsin 1 + oil 2 high Vangard high ? Benlate 1 high +++ +/ Elevate high ?? Rovral 3 low +++ NR ---- NR Topsin 1 high +++ +/ Abound high Botran high ++ ++?? Bravo 4,5 low Echo 4,5 low Captan 4 low Rally high Sulfur low +/- +/ Rating: ++++= excellent and consistent, +++= good and reliable, ++= moderate and variable, += limited and erratic, +/- = minimal and often ineffective, --- = ineffective, and? = insufficient data or unknown. NR=not registered after bloom 1. Benlate label withdrawn. Strains of Monilinia fructicola and M. laxa resistant to Benlate and Topsin have been reported in some California prune orchards. No more than two applications of Benlate and Topsin should be made each year. 2. The oil is light summer oil, 1-2% volume/volume. If applied in summer causes fruit to lose bloom and look red. They dry to normal color. 3. Blossom blight only; not registered for preharvest use. 4. Do not use in combination with or shortly before or after oil treatment. 5. Do not use after shuck split. 6. Effective but cannot use at proper timing (summer). 7. High summer temperatures and relative humidity reduce efficacy. Fungicide Tables for Fruit and Nut Crops and Grapevines 2003 University of California -- 26

5 7:30 a.m. 8:00 a.m. 8:05 a.m. 8:20 a.m. 8:50 a.m. 9:20 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 11:00 a.m. 11:30 a.m. 1:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:30 p.m. 3:00 p.m. ADVANCES IN CODLING MOTH MANAGEMENT Radisson Hotel, 2323 Grand Canal Boulevard, Stockton, CA March 4, 2003 REGISTRATION, REFRESHMENTS & EXHIBITS WELCOME & INTRODUCTION Joe Grant, UC Farm Advisor, San Joaquin County AREAWIDE PEST MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS IN THE WEST IPM FOR APPLES, PEARS, WALNUTS IN THE N. SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY Lucia Varela, UC IPM Advisor, North Coast Counties MATING DISRUPTION: How To Know When You Are In Trouble Jay Brunner, Entomologist & Director, WSU Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center MATING DISRUPTION: How It Really Works Gary Judd, Research Entomologist, Pacific Agri-Food Research Center, Canada BREAK & EXHIBITS MATING DISRUPTION PRODUCTS: Ties and Puffers MATING DISRUPTION PRODUCTS: Flyables and Sprayables Jay Brunner, Entomologist & Director, WSU Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center LUNCH & EXHIBITS INSECTICIDES: New Chemistries and Reduced Risk Materials Helmut Reidl, Entomologist, OSU, Mid-Columbia Experiment Sta., Hood River, OR REDUCED RISK INSECTICIDES: Impacts on Biological Control Nick Mills, Professor of Entomology, UC Berkeley PEST RESISTANCE TO NEW AND OLD INSECTICIDES John Dunley, Entomologist, WSU Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, Wenatchee CLOSING REMARKS & EXHIBITS ** 5.5 hours of OTHER continuing education credit** REGISTRATION FORM Registration must be received by: February 20, 2003 Please detach and mail this form with a check made payable to UC REGENTS Cost: $15/person, including lunch (Walk-in registrations will be available at the door for $30/person, including lunch) Mail to: UC Cooperative Extension ADVANCES IN CM MANAGEMENT 420 S. Wilson Way Stockton, CA (209) Name: Company: Address: City/State/Zip: Day Phone: Amount Enclosed: If reservation is for more than one person, please list names of others covered by check OFFICE USE ONLY DATE: CHECK#/CASH: RECEIPT #: AMOUNT: RECEIVED BY:

6 As traditional pest management materials have been lost or threatened, researchers throughout the West have collaborated to develop new programs and materials to address these losses. This symposium affords a unique opportunity for growers and pest managers to learn about the pros and cons of these new tools and the best way to integrate them into orchard systems. The presenters are some of the most knowledgeable people in pest management research, development and practice in the US today and have been key players in the development of these new materials and systems. EXHIBIT HALL: Highlighting reduced risk products, monitoring tools, local research and demonstration efforts. Commercial Products Displays: Bayer - Matt Ehlhart Cerexagri - Roy Whitson Dow AgroScience - Barat Bisabri Pacific BioControl - Jack Jenkins Suterra - Rich Bakke Syngenta - Marty Wigglesworth Trece - Jeff Downs Valent USA Corp. - Tom DeWitt Research and Demonstration Displays: Integrated Apple Production Project: Kairomone Lures for Mating Disruption Janet Caprile, UCCE-Contra Costa Co. San Joaquin Walnut BIOS Project: Codling Moth Mating Disruption Joe Grant, UCCE-San Joaquin Co No. Coast Pear Areawide Project: Codling Moth Mating Disruption with Puffers Rachel Elkins UCCE Lake/Mendocino Cos. Ukiah Areawide Mating Disruption Project Lucia Varela, North Coast IPM Advisor Plus more! UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION ADVANCES IN CODLING MOTH MANAGEMENT for Apples, Pears, Walnuts March 4, 2003 Radisson Hotel 2323 Grand Canal Boulevard Stockton, California Registration due by February 20, hrs. OTHER continuing education credit for PCAs, PCOs, Private Applicators

7 7:30 a.m. 8:00 a.m. 8:05 a.m. 8:20 a.m. 8:50 a.m. 9:20 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 11:00 a.m. 11:30 a.m. 1:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:30 p.m. 3:00 p.m. ADVANCES IN CODLING MOTH MANAGEMENT Best Western Bonanza Inn, Yuba City CA March 6, 2003 REGISTRATION, REFRESHMENTS & EXHIBITS WELCOME & INTRODUCTION Carolyn Pickel, UCIPM Advisor, Sacramento Valley AREAWIDE PEST MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS IN THE WEST IPM FOR APPLES, PEARS, WALNUTS IN THE SACRAMENTO VALLEY Carolyn Pickel, UCIPM Advisor, Sacramento Valley MATING DISRUPTION: How To Know When You Are In Trouble Jay Brunner, Entomologist & Director, WSU Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center MATING DISRUPTION: How It Really Works Gary Judd, Research Entomologist, Pacific Agri-Food Research Center, Canada BREAK & EXHIBITS MATING DISRUPTION PRODUCTS: Ties and Puffers MATING DISRUPTION PRODUCTS: Flyables and Sprayables Jay Brunner, Entomologist & Director, WSU Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center LUNCH & EXHIBITS INSECTICIDES: New Chemistries and Reduced Risk Materials Helmut Reidl, Entomologist, OSU, Mid-Columbia Experiment Sta., Hood River, OR REDUCED RISK INSECTICIDES: Impacts on Biological Control Nick Mills, Professor of Entomology, UC Berkeley PEST RESISTANCE TO NEW AND OLD INSECTICIDES John Dunley, Entomologist, WSU Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, Wenatchee CLOSING REMARKS & EXHIBITS ** 5.5 hours of OTHER continuing education credit** REGISTRATION FORM ADVANCES IN CODLING MOTH MANAGEMENT Registration must be received by: February 20, 2003 Please detach and mail this form with a check made payable to UC REGENTS Cost: $15/person, including lunch (Walk-in registrations will be available at the door for $30/person, including lunch) Mail to: UC Cooperative Extension ADVANCES IN PEST MANAGEMENT 142A Garden Highway Yuba City CA (530) , Fax (530) Name: Company: Address: City/State/Zip: Day Phone: Amount Enclosed: If reservation is for more than one person, please list names of others covered by check OFFICE USE ONLY DATE: CHECK#/CASH: RECEIPT #: AMOUNT: RECEIVED BY:

8 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION ADVANCES IN CODLING MOTH MANAGEMENT for Apples, Pears, Walnuts March 6, 2003 Best Western Bonanza 1001 Clark Avenue Yuba City CA (530) Registration due by February 20, 2003 OFFICIAL BUSINESS PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300 COOPERATIVE EXTENSION U.S. DEPT OF AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA OAKLAND CALIFORNIA As traditional pest management materials have been lost or threatened, researchers throughout the West have collaborated to develop new programs and materials to address these losses. This symposium affords a unique opportunity for growers and pest managers to learn about the pros and cons of these new tools and the best way to integrate them into orchard systems. The presenters are some of the most knowledgeable people in pest management research, development and practice in the US today and have been key players in the development of these new materials and systems. EXHIBIT HALL: Highlighting reduced risk products, monitoring tools, local research and demonstration efforts. Commercial Products Displays: Bayer - Matt Ehlhart Cerexagri - Roy Whitson Dow AgroScience - Barat Bisabri Pacific BioControl - Jack Jenkins Suterra - Rich Bakke Syngenta - Marty Wigglesworth Trece - Jeff Downs Valent USA Corp. - Tom DeWit 5.5 hrs. OTHER continuing education credit for PCAs, PCOs, Private Applicators

9 EFFICACY: TREE CROPS Fungicide Brown Jacket rot Shot Powdery Rust Scab Anthracnose Alternaria rot (Botrytis) hole mildew Almond Apple/pear Abound a Benlate b +++ e Botran ??????? Bravo NR NR Echo NR NR Captan Copper / Elevate ND ND ND ND ND ND Elite / / Eminent(NR) ND ND ND ND ND + ND Flint ND ID Funginex c ND ND Indar ND ND Laredo Maneb Orbit (Break) / NR NR Pristine (NR) ND ND ND ND ND Procure /- +++ ND ND ++++ ND ND Rally / Rovral NR Rovral + oil NR Rubigan NR ++++ ND ND Scala (NR) ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Scholar d Sulfur Thiram + + ND NR ++ ND ND Topsin M +++ e Vangard ++++ f ND ND ND +++ Ziram = excellent; +++ = very good; ++ = good; + = fair; +/- = slight; - = ineffective; ID = incomplete data, NR = not registered, ND = no data a b c d e f Causes severe phytotoxicity on some apple cultivars. Label withdrawn. No active label for tree or vine crops. Postharvest use only. Resistant populations of target organisms occur in California. High summer temperatures and relative humidity reduce efficacy. Fungicide Tables for Fruit and Nut Crops and Grapevines 2003 University of California -- 3

10 Submitted by, Wilbur Reil To simplify information, when trade names have been used, no endorsement of products named is intended, nor criticism implied of products which are not mentioned The University of California prohibits discrimination against or harassment of any person employed by or seeking employment by or seeking employment with the University on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, physical or mental disability, medical condition (cancer-related or genetic characteristics), ancestry, martial status, age, sexual orientation, citizenship, or status as a covered veteran (special disabled campaign badge has been authorized). University Policy is intended to be consistent with the provisions of applicable State and Federal laws. Inquiries regarding the University s nondiscrimination policies may be directed to the Affirmative Action/Staff Personnel Services Director, University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources, 1111 Franklin, 6 th Floor, Oakland, CA Telephone (530) University of California and U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Cooperative Extension Presort Standard U.S. Department of Agriculture Postage and Fees Paid University of California USDA 70 Cottonwood Street Woodland, CA Woodland, CA Permit No. G February 3, 2003 Inside: South Sacramento Valley Almond Meeting February 19,

FUNGICIDE EFFICACY AND TIMING FOR DECIDUOUS TREE FRUIT AND NUT CROPS AND GRAPEVINES

FUNGICIDE EFFICACY AND TIMING FOR DECIDUOUS TREE FRUIT AND NUT CROPS AND GRAPEVINES 2003 ALMOND APPLE AND PEAR APRICOT CHERRY GRAPE PEACH PISTACHIO PLUM PRUNE Beth Teviotdale, Extension Plant Pathologist