M. Hensel 1,, *, W. Schmidbauer 2,, D. Geppert 3, S. Sehner 4, G. Bogusch 5 and T. Kerner 6. Abstract
|
|
- Toby Fleming
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 British Journal of Anaesthesia, 116 (2): (2016) doi: /bja/aev435 Respiration and the Airway Overinflation of the cuff and pressure on the neck reduce the preventive effect of supraglottic airways on pulmonary aspiration: an experimental study in human cadavers M. Hensel 1,, *, W. Schmidbauer 2,, D. Geppert 3, S. Sehner 4, G. Bogusch 5 and T. Kerner 6 1 Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Chefarzt der Abteilung Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Park-Klinik-Weissensee, Schönstrasse 80, Berlin 13086, Germany, 2 Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Combat Search and Rescue Bundeswehrkrankenhaus, Berlin 10115, Germany, 3 Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, Emergency Medicine and Pain Therapy, Asklepios Klinik Nord Heidberg, Hamburg 22417, Germany, 4 Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany, 5 Center for Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin 10117, Germany, and 6 Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, Emergency Medicine and Pain Therapy, Asklepios Klinikum Harburg, Hamburg 21075, Germany *Corresponding author. hensel@park-klinik.com Abstract Background: The oesophageal leak pressure is defined as the pressure which breaks the seal between the cuff of a supraglottic airway and the peri-cuff mucosa, allowing penetration of fluid into the pharynx and the oral cavity. As a consequence, a decrease in this variable increases the risk of reflux and can lead to pulmonary aspiration. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of cuff overinflation and pressure on the neck on the oesophageal leak pressure of seven supraglottic airways. Methods: Three laryngeal masks, two laryngeal tubes, and two oesophageal tracheal tubes were tested in an experimental setting. In five human cadavers, we simulated a sudden increase in oesophageal pressure. To measure baseline values (control), we used an intracuff pressure as recommended by the manufacturer. The first intervention included overinflation of the cuff by applying twice the amount of pressure recommended. A second intervention was defined as external pressure on the neck. Results: The oesophageal leak pressure was decreased for laryngeal masks (control, 28 cm H 2 O; overinflation, 9 cm H 2 O; pressure on theneck,8cmh 2 O; P<0.01) and for laryngeal tubes (control, 68 cm H 2 O; overinflation, 37 cm H 2 O; pressure on the neck, 39 cm H 2 O; P<0.01) and was unaffected for oesophageal tracheal tubes (control, 126 cm H 2 O; overinflation/pressure on the neck, 130 cm H 2 O; n.s.). Conclusions: Cuff overinflation and pressure on the neck can enhance the risk of gastro-oesophageal reflux when using supraglottic airways. Therefore, both manoeuvres should be avoided in clinical practice. Key words: laryngeal masks; models, anatomical; respiratory aspiration These authors contributed equally to this work. Accepted: October 30, 2015 The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Journal of Anaesthesia. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please journals.permissions@oup.com 289
2 290 Hensel et al. Editor s key points Gastropharyngeal reflux can occur during the use of a supraglottic airway, but it is not known whether or not the overinflation of the cuff or pressure on the neck affect the risk of reflux. In a cadaver model, the effect of overinflation of the cuff or pressure on the neck on the sealing effect on gastropharyngeal reflux was assessed during the use of one of seven supraglottic airways. Overinflation of the cuff or pressure on the neck increases the risk of reflux during the use of the laryngeal masks or the laryngeal tube. Using supraglottic airways, there is no complete protection against gastric insufflation, gastro-oesophageal reflux, or subsequent pulmonary aspiration. 1 Given that the risk of aspiration is always present in prehospital airway management and during general anaesthesia, it is of clinical importance to identify factors that impair the sealing capabilities of supraglottic airways. 2 4 Using a cadaver model, our group has shown in previous studies that there are some major differences between the individual supraglottic airways with regard to sealing capabilities during sudden increases in oesophageal pressure. 5 7 It seems that oesophageal tracheal dual-lumen tubes can prevent reflux better than laryngeal tubes or laryngeal masks. 6 Although some information is available regarding the capability of each supraglottic airway to prevent reflux, only little is known about the impact of manoeuvres that are used in clinical conditions to optimize the airway position, such as cuff overinflation or pressure on the neck. Although it has been shown in supraglottic airways that cuff overinflation can lead to postoperative morbidity and to impairment of its primary function, the airway seal, overinflation of the cuff is still a frequent phenomenon in clinical practice. 8 One reason for this might be the incorrect assumption that air leakage around the blocked cuff is avoidable by this manipulation. Several clinical studies have shown that overinflation of the cuff increases, rather than decreases, the air leakage around the device. 910 The application of external pressure on the neck after placement of supraglottic airways has been reported to prevent gastric insufflation. 11 However, it remains an open question as to whether or not the risk of gastro-oesophageal reflux is influenced by these manoeuvres, which are mainly performed by paramedics and emergency physicians. 12 In the present study, therefore, we examined the hypothesis that cuff overinflation and external pressure on the neck can change the sealing capabilities of supraglottic airways during sudden increases in oesophageal pressure. In this regard, differences between individual airway devices were expected. Methods Cadaver model The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Charité University Hospital Universitätsmedizin Berlin (trial registry number: EA1/195/06). Given that it is impossible to determine the protection from aspiration afforded by airway devices in clinical conditions in patients, we used an experimental setting based on investigations in human cadavers. Five unfixed human bodies (three female, two male) were dissected within 24 h after their natural death. The mean age at death was 82 yr (range, yr). The bodies were prepared to provide exposure of the trachea and the oesophagus in the neck. The distal end of the trachea was connected to a test lung for respirators and secured by a suture. The distal end of the exposed oesophagus was connected to a vertical flexible tube with a diameter of 2 cm and a height of 130 cm, using a tight suture. By filling this flexible tube with water, orally directed oesophageal pressure was simulated and precisely measured using a centimetre division scale applied on the outside of the tube. The oesophageal leak pressure, or as synonymously mentioned, regurgitation pressure, was first described by Brimacombe and Keller. 13 They have shown that the oesophageal leak pressure is a suitable measure to assess the risk of reflux and pulmonary aspiration Oesophageal leak pressure was defined as the pressure which breaks the seal between cuff and peri-cuff mucosa, allowing penetration of water into the oral cavity and the pharynx. After placement of the supraglottic airway, the tube was completely filled with water to a level of 130 cm (resulting pressure, 130 cm H 2 O) while the oesophageal tube was clamped. After removal of the clamp, the height of the water column remaining after 60 s was measured. The water that penetrated the barrier between the oesophagus and hypopharynx was collected, but we did not differentiate reflux and pulmonary aspiration in this experimental approach. Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of the experimental procedure. All devices were applied in a randomized sequence using a computerized random-number generator. Airway devices Devices with an oesophageal drainage tube were tested with a closed drainage lumen. The study was carried out using laryngeal mask airways (Classic Laryngeal Mask Airway, Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSeal, and Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway Fastrach ), laryngeal tubes (Laryngeal Tube and Laryngeal Tube LTS II ), and oesophageal tracheal dual-lumen tubes (Easytube and Combitube ). The sizes of the supraglottic airways were selected for the bodies to establish a representative seal (Classic Laryngeal Mask Airway, Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSeal, Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway Fastrach, Laryngeal Tube, and Laryngeal Tube LTS II, size 4 or 5; Combitube and Easytube 37 or 41 Charrière). The Combitube and Easytube were inserted into the oesophagus using distal tube placement. All devices were inserted by the same experienced anaesthetist (>1000 extraglottic airway device applications). The correct placement of all supraglottic airway devices was evaluated by performing the following tests. Initially, sufficient ventilation of the test lung was checked by delivering 10 consecutive breaths (maximal inspiratory pressure, 15 cm H 2 O). A correct position was assumed when there was no audible air leakage during this manoeuvre and the pressure could be maintained. Thereafter, a constant airway pressure was built up by pressing the ventilation bag with 15 cm H 2 O for 60 s without any pressure loss and no detectable bubbles in the water column, indicating an oesophageal leak. In devices with an incorporated oesophageal drainage tube, the correct position of the oesophageal point was verified by inserting a gastric tube through the oesophageal lumen and moving it forward until it became visible at the oesophageal end. As the last step, the correct position was checked by means of fibreoptic pharyngoscopy. If necessary, the position of the extraglottic airway was corrected or the size changed until all baseline tests performed were passed.
3 Protection from aspiration by airway devices 291 Supply of water Diameter of 2 cm Height of 130 cm Test lung Extraglottic airway device Clamping/ declamping Trachea Oesophagus Larynx Flexible tube Fig 1 Schematic illustration of the experimental set-up. Interventions Subsequently, two interventions were analysed to evaluate their effect on the oesophageal leak pressure. For each supraglottic airway, three test scenarios were investigated, two respective interventions (overinflation and pressure on the neck) and one control, using the five anatomical models. Each measurement was repeated 10 times. This implies that 150 individual measurements were performed using each device. The primary outcome measure was the difference in oesophageal leak pressure of the individual supraglottic airway between the baseline value (control) and the value after overinflation and after pressure on the neck. The sample size estimation was based on values obtained from previous studies by our group and by conducting a pilot study on a smaller sample size. 5 7 Accordingly, a power analysis was performed to determine the number of experiments required (estimated average value for the difference in oesophageal leak pressure, 20 (SD 11) cm H 2 O). Adifferenceof10cmH 2 O was considered to be clinically relevant. During the control measurements, we applied the intracuff pressure as recommended by the manufacturer (60 cm H 2 O for laryngeal masks, laryngeal tubes, and oesophageal tracheal duallumen tubes). In the first intervention, the intracuff pressure of the device was adjusted to double the recommended intracuff pressure (120 cm H 2 O). In devices with two cuffs, both were inflated up to the same pressure. The intracuff pressure was controlled using a manometer. The second intervention was defined as external manual counterpressure by pushing the extraglottic airway 2 cm further into the hypopharynx for the entire duration of the tests. Statistics The distribution of oesophageal leak pressure measurements was shown with boxplots, separated by intervention for each airway device. To compare the oesophageal leak pressure between devices and interventions, a linear mixed model was used to take into
4 292 Hensel et al. account the cluster structure resulting from the design of the study. To take into account the fact that with every human cadaver each device was tested with every intervention, these repeated measurements per cadaver were included as a random effect to model the potential variability of human cadavers. Additionally, the interaction between device and intervention was included as a fixed effect. Using the likelihood-ratio test, the significance of this interaction was tested. If this test was nonsignificant (P>0.05), the interaction was excluded, and only the main effects were modelled. With the resulting model tests on individual cadavers contrasts were performed; Scheffe-adjusted P-values (and 95% confidence intervals for differences) were reported to account for multiple comparisons (Supplemental material, Table S1). Results were described and shown graphically using the model-based marginal means and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the fixed effects. These analyses were conducted with StataCorp 2015 (Stata Statistical Software, release 14; StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA). A P-value <0.05 was considered to be significant. Results Each device was inserted into all five anatomical models, and the functional check was successfully conducted on all bodies. Figure 2 provides an overview of the oesophageal leak pressure of all supraglottic airway devices, depending on the intervention and the respective baseline value (control group). The highest oesophageal leak pressure baseline values before the interventions were seen in the oesophageal tracheal doublelumen tubes, which reached the maximal measurable value of 130 cm H 2 O. Both were significantly higher than Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway Fastrach (P<0.001), which in turn was significantly higher than all other devices (each P<0.001). No significant differences were seen between Laryngeal tubes and LMA ProSeal, whereas the data generated using LMA Classic were significantly lower compared with all other devices. Compared with the control group, after both interventions (overinflation and pressure on the neck), a significant reduction in oesophageal leak pressure was seen in Classic Laryngeal Mask Airway ( 66.5 and 70.9%, respectively), Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSeal ( 35.4 and 41.2%, respectively), Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway Fastrach ( 27.7 and 60.6%, respectively), Laryngeal Tube ( 45.5 and 45.9%, respectively), and Laryngeal Tube LTS II ( 32.2 and 40.6%, respectively; all P<0.01). In oesophageal tracheal dual-lumen tubes, the above-mentioned effects were not observed. In both Easytube (+2.9%) and Combitube (+3.5%), the maximal oesophageal leak pressure of 130 cm H 2 O was maintained as a result of cuff overinflation and external pressure on the neck (P=1.00). Figure 3 shows the adjusted estimates of mean values, including the associated 95% confidence intervals, after mixed model analysis. Discussion It can be concluded from our results that cuff overinflation and external pressure on the neck can impair the sealing capabilities 140 Oesophageal leak pressure (cm H 2 O) LMA classic LMA ProSeal Laryngeal tube LTSII Laryngeal tube LT LMA fastrach Combitube Easytube Control group Overinflation Pressure on the neck Fig 2 Box-and-whisker plots of the data for oesophageal leak pressure: observed distribution of the measurements separated by intervention for each device. The box indicates the 25th and 75th percentile, and the central line is the median. The bars at the end of the whiskers are 2.5 and 97.5% values. A circle represents an outlier.
5 Protection from aspiration by airway devices 293 Oesophageal leak pressure (cm H 2 O) LMA classis LMA ProSeal Laryngeal tube LTSII Laryngeal tube LT LMA fastrach Combitube Easytube 0 Control group Overinflation Pressure on the neck Fig 3 Adjusted mean and 95% confidence intervals of the oesophageal leak pressure separated by device over intervention. of supraglottic airways during sudden increases in oesophageal pressure. Although we did not study pulmonary aspiration, our findings permit the conclusion that both manoeuvres can substantially increase the risk of reflux, particularly with laryngeal masks and laryngeal tubes. It has been shown in clinical studies using methylene blue or intra-oesophageal ph electrodes that the incidence of aspiration is much lower than the incidence of reflux Occurrence of reflux, in turn, represents a risk factor for pulmonary aspiration. However, it is impossible for ethical reasons to provoke a sudden increase in oesophageal pressure in clinical conditions in patients in order to test the sealing capabilities of supraglottic airways. Therefore, we consider the results of our experimental study as clinically very meaningful. The significant differences that were seen between control conditions and pressure on the neck and between control conditions and cuff overinflation of up to 50 cm H 2 O, which implies a reduction by 70% of the baseline value, underline this statement. Reviewing the literature regarding tightness characteristics of supraglottic airways, a distinction must be made between the oesophageal leak pressure on the one hand and the oropharyngeal leak pressure on the other. While the oesophageal leak pressure describes the pressure which breaks the seal between the cuff and peri-cuff mucosa, allowing retrograde passage of gastric content into the pharynx, the oropharyngeal leak pressure is a measure of sealing the upper airway by a cuffed supraglottic airway device. 19 Accordingly, both leak pressures differ, because their force vector is different, reflecting a pressure from above or below the cuff of the supraglottic airway. A lower oropharyngeal leak pressure can be associated with an incomplete mask seal, which in turn can cause air leakage and insufflation of air into the stomach. 20 If gastric air insufflation occurs, the risk of gastro-oesophageal reflux is increased. Thus, there is a close interaction between oesophageal leak pressure and oropharyngeal leak pressure, but the two measures are not identical. Most publications relating to leak pressure of supraglottic airways have focused on oropharyngeal leak pressure Those studies were mostly performed in clinical conditions in patients. In contrast, studies dealing with oesophageal leak pressure are based on experimental investigations Apart from our investigation, there is only one other experimental study with an intubating laryngeal mask reflecting the relationship between oesophageal leak pressure and intracuff pressure. 25 The results of that study are in line with our findings. However, our study is the only one to test other supraglottic airways in this field and the first one to have investigated the influence of pressure on the neck. In order to interpret the results of our study, it might be helpful to take the design and function of each airway device into account. With regard to oesophageal tracheal dual-lumen tubes, the positioning of a blocked cuff directly inside the oesophagus seems to provide a certain amount of protection against reflux and aspiration even in the event of cuff overinflation or pressure on the neck. For laryngeal masks, it is conceivable that the overinflation results in a changed anatomical position of the cuff. An orally directed movement of the laryngeal mask and an impaired function of the upper oesophageal sphincter could be the result. For laryngeal tubes, a redistribution of air volume between the proximal and the distal cuff is possible as a result of the intervention. The upwardly directed movement of the proximal cuff can prevent a better seal of the oesophageal cuff. Another explanation has been provided by Licina and colleagues 9 using paediatric laryngeal mask airways. They assumed that an increased cuff volume is associated with a growing rigidity of the cuff, a decreased compliance, and subsequently, with a reduced barrier between mucosa and cuff. As this is an experimental study, some limitations have to be taken into consideration when evaluating the results. 5 7 Although unfixed human bodies which sufficiently represent patient anatomy were used, they cannot carry out possible swallowing and retching movements or respond to influences associated with respiration. Also, pharyngeal soft tissue of anatomical models might differ from that of patients. Besides, it should be considered that protection from aspiration using secondgeneration devices, such as Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSeal, is a dynamic process. In clinical practice, this would depend on a variety of factors, including the alignment of the leading edge of the device onto the upper oesophageal sphincter and the ability to have a properly functioning gastric tube inserted into the stomach. With pressure on the neck or overinflation of the cuff, although the peri-laryngeal seal of supraglottic airways may be altered, aero-digestive separation may still be possible because the gastric tube may allow for suctioning of liquid from the stomach. As cuff overinflation and pressure on the neck are typically performed by clinicians in the prehospital setting and are unlikely to be performed by anaesthetists, it should be considered that these manipulations are ineffective and can enhance the risk of aspiration, particularly in the field of preclinical emergency medicine That is why these manoeuvres should generally not be used, principally in view of possible oesophageal injury. Authors contributions Conception and design of the study: M.H., T.K. Anatomical preparation: G.B. Acquisition of data: W.S., D.G. Statistical consulting and analysis: S.S. Analysis and interpretation of data: M.H., W.S., D.G. Preparation of the first draft of the paper: M.H. Revision of the article: W.S., D.G., S.S., T.K. Declaration of interest None declared.
6 294 Hensel et al. References 1. Keller C, Brimacombe J, Bittersohl J, Lirk P, von Goedecke A. Aspiration and the laryngeal mask airway: three cases and a review of the literature. Br J Anaesth 2004; 93: Jensen AG, Callesen T, Hagemo JS, et al. Scandinavian clinical practice guidelines on general anaesthesia for emergency situations. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2010; 54: Dengler V, Wilde P, Byhahn C, Mack MG, Schalk R. Prehospital airway management of laryngeal tubes. Should the laryngeal tube S with gastric drain tube be preferred in emergency medicine? Anaesthesist 2011; 60: Russo SG, Wulf H. Advanced indications of the laryngeal mask limitations of use. Anaesthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2014; 49: Schmidbauer W, Bercker S, Volk T, Bogusch G, Mager G, Kerner T. Oesophageal seal of the novel supralaryngeal airway device I-Gel TM in comparison with the laryngeal mask airways Classic TM and ProSeal TM using a cadaver model. Br J Anaesth 2009; 102: Bercker S, Schmidbauer W, Volk T, et al. Acomparisonof seal in seven supraglottic airway devices using a cadaver model of elevated esophageal pressure. Anesth Analg 2008; 106: Schmidbauer W, Genzwürker H, Ahlers O, Proquitte H, Kerner T. Cadaver study of oesophageal insufflation with supraglottic airway devices during positive pressure ventilation in an obstructed airway. Br J Anaesth 2012; 109: Bick E, Bailes I, Patel A, Brain AIJ. Fewer sore throats and a better seal: why routine manometry for laryngeal mask airways must become the standard of care. Anaesthesia 2014; 69: Licina A, Chambers NA, Hullett B, Erb TO, von Ungern- Sternberg BS. Lower cuff pressures improve the seal of pediatric laryngeal mask airways. Paediatr Anaesth 2008; 18: Hockings L, Heaney M, Chambers NA, Erb TO, von Ungern- Sternberg BS. Reduced air leakage by adjusting the cuff pressure in pediatric laryngeal mask airways during spontaneous ventilation. Paediatr Anaesth 2010; 20: Asai T, Barclay K, McBeth C, Vaughan RS. Cricoid pressure applied after placement of the laryngeal mask prevents gastric insufflation but inhibits ventilation. Br J Anaesth 1996; 76: Mann V, Mann ST, Lenz N, Röhrig R, Henrich M. Laryngeal mask or laryngeal tube. Which is better for extraglottic airway management by emergency medical services? Notfall Rettungsmed 2015; 18: Brimacombe J, Keller C. Water flow between the upper esophagus and pharynx for the LMA and COPA in fresh cadavers. Laryngeal mask airway, and cuffed oropharyngeal airway. Can J Anaesth 1999; 46: Keller C, Brimacombe J, Rädler C, Pühringer F. Do laryngeal mask airway devices attenuate liquid flow between the esophagus and pharynx? A randomized, controlled cadaver study. Anesth Analg 1999; 88: Keller C, Brimacombe J, Kleinsasser A, Loeckinger A. Does the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway prevent aspiration of regurgitated fluid? Anesth Analg 2000; 91: Illing L, Duncan PG, Yip R. Gastroesophageal reflux during anesthesia. Can J Anaesth 1992; 39: Doyle MT, Twomey CF, Owens TM, McShane AJ. Gastroesophageal reflux and tracheal contamination during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and diagnostic gynecological laparoscopy. Anesth Analg 1998; 86: Smith G, Ng A. Gastric reflux and pulmonary aspiration in anaesthesia. Minerva Anesthesiol 2003; 69: Lopez-Gil M, Brimacombe J, Keller C. A comparison of four methods for assessing oropharyngeal leak pressure with the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in paediatric patients. Paediatr Anaesth 2001; 11: Weiler N, Latorre F, Eberle B, Goedecke R, Heinrichs W. Respiratory mechanics, gastric insufflation pressure, and air leakage of the laryngeal mask airway. Anesth Analg 1997; 84: Park SH, Han SH, Do SH, Kim JW, Kim JH. The influence of head and neck position on the oropharyngeal leak pressure and cuff position of three supraglottic airway devices. Anesth Analg 2009; 108: Van Zundert TC, Brimacombe JR. Similar oropharyngeal leak pressures during anaesthesia with i-gel, LMA-ProSeal and LMA-Supreme Laryngeal Masks. Acta Anaesthesiol Belg 2012; 63: Belena JM, Nunez M, Anta D, et al. Comparison of Laryngeal Mask Airway Supreme and Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSeal with respect to oropharyngeal leak pressure during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2013; 30: Brimacombe J, Keller C. Hypopharyngeal seal pressure during projectile vomiting with the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway: a case report and laboratory study. Can J Anaesth 2006; 53: Keller C, Brimacombe JR, Rädler C, Pühringer F, Brimacombe NS. The intubating laryngeal mask airway: effect of handle elevation on efficacy of seal, fibreoptic position, blind intubation and airway protection. Anaesth Intensive Care 2000; 28: Schlechtriemen T, Altemeyer KH. Airway management in traumatic brain injuries, neck injuries and traumatic entrapment. In: Paschen HR, Dörges V, eds. Difficult Airway Management. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, 2004; Gorgaß B, Ahnefeld FW, Rossi R. Paramedic and Ambulance Officer. In: Gorgaß B, Ahnefeld FW, Rossi R, eds. Methods for Treatment of Respiratory Dysfunctions Laryngeal Mask. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, 2005; Ho AM, Wong W, Ling E, Chung DC, Tay BA. Airway difficulties caused by improperly applied cricoid pressure. JEmergMed 2001; 20: Handling editor: T. Asai
LMA Supreme Second Seal. Maintain the airway. Manage gastric contents. Meet NAP4 recommendations.
LMA Supreme Second Seal Maintain the airway. Manage gastric contents. Meet NAP4 recommendations. A proven double seal The importance of the Second Seal (oesophageal seal) is significant: it can minimise
More informationThe Laryngeal Mask and Other Supraglottic Airways: Application to Clinical Airway Management
The Laryngeal Mask and Other Supraglottic Airways: Application to Clinical Airway Management D. John Doyle MD PhD FRCPC Department of General Anesthesiology Cleveland Clinic Foundation 9500 Euclid Avenue
More informationLMA Unique Airway Portfolio
LMA Unique Airway Portfolio LMA Unique (Silicone Cuff) Airway with Cuff Pilot Technology The Single-Use LMA Airway Designed for Patient Comfort The LMA Unique (Silicone Cuff) Airway from Teleflex is a
More informationCitation British journal of anaesthesia, 104. pp ; 2010 is available onlin
NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Ac Title Laryngeal mask airway Supreme for a Author(s) Murata, Hiroaki; Nagaishi, Chikako; Citation British journal of anaesthesia, 104 Issue Date 2010-03 URL Right http://hdl.handle.net/10069/24856
More informationRecent Advances in Airway Management HA Convention 2014
Recent Advances in Airway Management HA Convention 2014 Dr. HK Cheng Chief of Service (Dept. of Anaesthesia & OT) Service Director (Ambulatory Surgery Centre) Tseung Kwan O Hospital Recent Advances in
More informationA randomised comparison between Cobra PLA and classic laryngeal mask airway and laryngeal tube during mechanical ventilation for general anaesthesia
ORIGINAL AND CLINICAL PAPERS Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy 2013, vol. 45, no 1, 20 24 ISSN 1642 5758 DOI: 10.5603/AIT.2013.0004 www.ait.viamedica.pl A randomised comparison between Cobra PLA and classic
More informationLMA for Laparoscopic Surgery
LMA for Laparoscopic Surgery Dr. V. S. SENTHIL KUMAR, M.D., PDCC., Associate Professor of Anaesthesiology Institute of Road & Transport Perunthurai Medical College & Hospital Erode district Role of LMA
More informationDr. Ranjeet Rana De 1, Dr. Saurav Shekhar 2, Dr. D G Pathak 3, Dr. Harshwardhan 4, Dr. Shashank Dhiraj 5 1,2,4,5
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-issn: 2279-0853, p-issn: 2279-0861.Volume 16, Issue 4 Ver. X (April. 2017), PP 26-31 www.iosrjournals.org A Comparative Study of Classic Laryngeal
More informationA Comparative Study of Classic LMA and Proseal LMA in Paralyzed Anaesthetized Patients
Original article: A Comparative Study of Classic LMA and Proseal LMA in Paralyzed Anaesthetized Patients Dr. Gurdeep Singh Jheetay Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute
More informationBritish Journal of Anaesthesia 82 (5): (1999)
British Journal of Anaesthesia 82 (5): 703 7 (1999) Laryngeal mask airway size selection in males and females: ease of insertion, oropharyngeal leak pressure, pharyngeal mucosal pressures and anatomical
More informationComparison of clinical performance of i-gel with laryngeal mask airway pro-seal in elective surgery in adults
Curpod et al. Sri Lankan Journal of Anaesthesiology: 5():5-3(7) DOI:.438 /slja.v5i.895 Comparison of clinical performance of i-gel with laryngeal mask airway pro-seal in elective surgery in adults SG Curpod
More informationAsai and Shingu Table 1 Size selection and recommended cuff volumes Size Patients Body size Recommended cuff volumes (ml) Connector colour 0 Newborn <
British Journal of Anaesthesia 95 (6): 729 36 (2005) doi:10.1093/bja/aei269 REVIEW ARTICLE The laryngeal tube T. Asai* y and K. Shingu Department of Anaesthesiology, Kansai Medical University, 10 15 Fumizono-cho,
More informationTibe ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway
104 Anesthesioloby 2ooO; 93: 104-9 0 ZOO0 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc Lippincoa Williams & wilkins, Inc. Tibe ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway A Randomized, Crossover Study with the Standard
More informationDIFFICULT AIRWAY MANAGMENT. Dr.N.SANTHOSH KUMAR MD ANESTHESIA (2 nd Yr)
DIFFICULT AIRWAY MANAGMENT Dr.N.SANTHOSH KUMAR MD ANESTHESIA (2 nd Yr) AIRWAY MANAGEMENT AND MAINTAINING OXYGENATION ARE THE FUNDAMENTAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF ANY BASIC DOCTOR. TO MANAGE A DIFFICULT AIRWAY,
More informationReceived 1 November 2009 Revised 8 December 2009 Accepted 10 December 2009
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Safety and efficacy of laryngeal mask airway Supreme versus laryngeal mask airway ProSeal: a randomized controlled trial Edwin Seet, Subramanyam Rajeev, Tamal Firoz, Farhanah Yousaf, Jean
More informationI - Gel Versus Cuffed Tracheal Tube in Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy A Clinical Comparative Study
Original Research I - Gel Versus Cuffed Tracheal Tube in Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy A Clinical Comparative Study Siddharam Jamagond 1, Anuradha H 2, Ramesh.K 3 1 Senior resident, Department
More informationOriginal Contributions
Standard Laryngeal Mask Airway and LMA-ProSeal during Laparoscopic Surgery Giuseppe Natalini, MD,* Gabriella Lanza, MD,* Antonio Rosano, MD,* Piera Dell Agnolo, MD,* Achille Bernardini, MD Department of
More informationBlind Insertion Airway Devices (BIAD)
P03 Procedures 2017-05-12 All ages Office of the Medical Director Blind Insertion Airway Devices (BIAD) Primary Intermediate Advanced Critical From AIRWAY & BREATHING MANAGEMENT or AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION Yes
More informationOther methods for maintaining the airway (not definitive airway as still unprotected):
Page 56 Where anaesthetic skills and drugs are available, endotracheal intubation is the preferred method of securing a definitive airway. This technique comprises: rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia
More informationAIRWAY MANAGEMENT AND VENTILATION
AIRWAY MANAGEMENT AND VENTILATION D1 AIRWAY MANAGEMENT AND VENTILATION Basic airway management and ventilation The laryngeal mask airway and Combitube Advanced techniques of airway management D2 Basic
More informationRESPIRATION AND THE AIRWAY Comparison of the i-gel with the cuffed tracheal tube during pressure-controlled ventilation
RESPIRATION AND THE AIRWAY Comparison of the i-gel with the cuffed tracheal tube during pressure-controlled ventilation V. Uppal 1, G. Fletcher 2 and J. Kinsella 1 1 Section of Anaesthesia, Pain and Critical
More informationI-gel vs cuffed tracheal tube during volume controlled ventilation in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia (2011) 27, 7 11 Egyptian Society of Anesthesiologists Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia www.elsevier.com/locate/egja www.sciencedirect.com Research Article I-gel vs cuffed
More informationCricoid pressure: useful or dangerous?
Cricoid pressure: useful or dangerous? Francis VEYCKEMANS Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc Bruxelles (2009) Controversial issue - Can J Anaesth 1997 JR Brimacombe - Pediatr Anesth 2002 JG Brock-Utne
More informationUniversity of Groningen
University of Groningen A comparison of the clinical use of the Laryngeal Tube S (TM) and the ProSeal (R) Laryngeal Mask Airway by first-month anaesthesia residents in anaesthetised patients Klaver, N.
More informationDeposited on: 24 February 2009
Uppal, V. and Fletcher, G. and Kinsella, J. (2009) Comparison of the i- gel with the cuffed tracheal tube during pressure-controlled ventilation. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 102 (2). 264-268. ISSN
More informationEUROANESTHESIA 2007 Munich, Germany, 9-12 June 2007
AIRWAY MANAGEMENT AND VENTILATION IN DAY SURGERY EUROANESTHESIA 2007 Munich, Germany, 9-12 June 2007 2RC1 IAN SMITH Senior Lecturer in Anaesthesia University Hospital of North Staffordshire Stoke-on-Trent,
More informationASPIRATION DURING ANAESTHESIA
ASPIRATION DURING ANAESTHESIA MODULE: CRITICAL INCIDENTS TARGET: ALL ANAESTHETISTS BACKGROUND: Passive regurgitation or vomiting can occur during the pre-, peri- or post- operative period risking aspiration
More informationORIGINAL ARTICLE. Shashank Chitmulwar, MD, Charulata Deshpande, MD, DA ABSTRACT. ANAESTHESIA, PAIN & INTENSIVE CARE
ORIGINAL ARTICLE ANAESTHESIA, PAIN & INTENSIVE CARE www.apicareonline.com Comparison of insertion characteristics between LMA- Supreme and Laryngeal tube with suction in patients undergoing short duration
More informationThe LMA CTrach TM, a new laryngeal mask airway for endotracheal intubation under vision: evaluation in 100 patients
British Journal of Anaesthesia 96 (3): 396 400 (2006) doi:10.1093/bja/ael001 Advance Access publication January 16, 2006 The LMA CTrach TM, a new laryngeal mask airway for endotracheal intubation under
More informationComparison of the LMA Supreme vs the i-gel TM in paralysed patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic surgery with controlled ventilation*
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2010.06534.x ORIGINAL ARTICLE Comparison of the LMA Supreme vs the i-gel TM in paralysed patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic surgery with controlled ventilation* W.
More informationUnanticipated difficult tracheal intubation - during routine induction of anaesthesia in an adult patient
Unanticipated difficult tracheal intubation - during routine induction of anaesthesia in an adult patient Direct laryngoscopy Any problems Call for help Plan A: Initial tracheal intubation plan Direct
More informationAirway/Breathing. Chapter 5
Airway/Breathing Chapter 5 Airway/Breathing Introduction Skillful, rapid assessment and management of airway and ventilation are critical to preventing morbidity and mortality. Airway compromise can occur
More informationCuffed or uncuffed ETT in pediatric anesthesia? Dr. Renata Haghedooren Dr. Sophie Chullikal Dr. Julie Lauweryns
Cuffed or uncuffed ETT in pediatric anesthesia? Dr. Renata Haghedooren Dr. Sophie Chullikal Dr. Julie Lauweryns Overview History Survey Tradition Pro-Con Debate Conclusions History of intubation 1878:
More informationComparison of Three Disposable Extraglottic Airway Devices in Spontaneously Breathing Adults
Anesthesiology 2006; 104:1165 9 2006 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. Comparison of Three Disposable Extraglottic Airway Devices in Spontaneously Breathing
More informationDeposited on: 11 February 2010
Uppal, V. and Gangaiah, S. and Fletcher, G. and Kinsella, J. (2009) Randomized crossover comparison between the i-gel and the LMA- Unique in anaesthetized, paralysed adults. British Journal of Anaesthesia,
More information1 Chapter 40 Advanced Airway Management 2 Advanced Airway Management The advanced airway management techniques discussed in this chapter are to
1 Chapter 40 Advanced Airway Management 2 Advanced Airway Management The advanced airway management techniques discussed in this chapter are to introduce the EMT-B student to these procedures only. In
More informationThe Pro-Seal LMAtm And The Tracheal Tube: A Comparison Of Events At Insertion Of The Airway Device
ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Anesthesiology Volume 16 Number 2 The Pro-Seal LMAtm And The Tracheal Tube: A Comparison Of Events At Insertion Of The Airway Device M Misra, B Ramamurthy Citation M Misra,
More informationPharyngolaryngeal Morbidity with the Laryngeal Mask Airway in Spontaneously Breathing Patients
Anesthesiology 2001; 94:760 6 2001 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. Pharyngolaryngeal Morbidity with the Laryngeal Mask Airway in Spontaneously Breathing
More informationORIGINAL ARTICLE ABSTRACT
SIGNA VITAE 2014; 9(1): 22-26 ORIGINAL ARTICLE The influence of different airway management strategies on chest compression fraction in simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation, provided by paramedics:
More informationChapter 40 Advanced Airway Management
1 2 3 4 5 Chapter 40 Advanced Airway Management Advanced Airway Management The advanced airway management techniques discussed in this chapter are to introduce the EMT-B student to these procedures only.
More informationISPUB.COM. The Use of LMA in Newborn Resuscitation. R Vadhera INTRODUCTION VENTILATION
ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Anesthesiology Volume 1 Number 4 The Use of LMA in Newborn Resuscitation R Vadhera Citation R Vadhera. The Use of LMA in Newborn Resuscitation. The Internet Journal of
More informationSupra-glottic Airway Devices
Supra-glottic Airway Devices Dr.K.Sudarshan Consultant Anaesthesiologist Coimbatore The ability to maintain an airway is one of the core skills and defining role of an anaesthetist. It is needless to say
More informationComparison of efficacy of the Laryngeal tube with the Laryngeal mask airway in securing the upper airway
Original Research Article Comparison of efficacy of the Laryngeal tube with the Laryngeal mask airway in securing the upper airway Khaja Ali Hassan 1,*, Ahsan Mustafa 2 1,2 Assistant Professor, Department
More informationCuffed Tracheal Tubes in Children - Myths and Facts. PD Dr. Markus Weiss Department of Anaesthesia University Children s Hospital Zurich Switzerland
Cuffed Tracheal Tubes in Children - Myths and Department of Anaesthesia University Children s Hospital Zurich Switzerland PRO Reduced gas leak, low fresh gas flow Decreased atmospheric pollution Constant
More informationEUROANESTHESIA 2008 Copenhagen, Denmark, 31 May - 3 June 2008 CRICOID PRESSURE: MORE RITUAL THAN EFFECTIVE MEASURE?
EUROANESTHESIA 2008 Copenhagen, Denmark, 31 May - 3 June 2008 CRICOID PRESSURE: MORE RITUAL THAN EFFECTIVE MEASURE? 19RC3 HANS-JOACHIM PRIEBE Department of Anaesthesia University Hospital Freiburg Freiburg,
More informationThe effect of head rotation on efficiency of ventilation and cuff pressure using the PLMA in pediatric patients
Clinical Research Article Korean J Anesthesiol 2011 September 61(3): 220-224 http://dx.doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2011.61.3.220 The effect of head rotation on efficiency of ventilation and cuff pressure using
More informationCOMPARATIVE CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PROSEAL LMA WITH I - GEL AIRWAY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE SURGICAL PROCEDURES UNDER GENERAL ANAESTHESIA
COMPARATIVE CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PROSEAL LMA WITH I - GEL AIRWAY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE SURGICAL PROCEDURES UNDER GENERAL ANAESTHESIA Sugata Dasgupta 1, *Dipasri Bhattacharya 1 and Saswati Paul
More informationAirway Anatomy. Soft palate. Hard palate. Nasopharynx. Tongue. Oropharynx. Hypopharynx. Thyroid cartilage
Airway Anatomy Hard palate Soft palate Tongue Nasopharynx Oropharynx Hypopharynx Thyroid cartilage Airway Anatomy Hyoid bone Thyroid cartilage Cricoid cartilage Trachea Cricothyroid membrane Airway Anatomy
More informationIntroducing the Fastrach-LMA. Prepared by Jim Medeiros, NREMT-P Regional Field Coordinator Lord Fairfax EMS Council
Introducing the Fastrach-LMA Prepared by Jim Medeiros, NREMT-P Regional Field Coordinator Lord Fairfax EMS Council Objectives Review Anatomy of the Upper Airway Review LFEMSC LMA Protocol Discuss Indications
More informationObservation of ventilation effects of I-gel TM, Supreme TM and Ambu AuraOnce TM with respiratory dynamics monitoring in small children
J Clin Monit Comput (2017) 31:1035 1041 DOI 10.1007/s10877-016-9917-6 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Observation of ventilation effects of I-gel TM, Supreme TM and Ambu AuraOnce TM with respiratory dynamics monitoring
More informationComparative evaluation of Ambu AuraGain with ProSeal laryngeal mask airway in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Original Article Comparative evaluation of Ambu AuraGain with ProSeal laryngeal mask airway in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy Address for correspondence: Dr. Kriti Singh, Department of
More informationCONTINUING EDUCATION IN HONOR OF NORMAN TRIEGER, DMD, MD
CONTINUING EDUCATION IN HONOR OF NORMAN TRIEGER, DMD, MD Essentials of Airway Management, Oxygenation, and Ventilation: Part 2: Advanced Airway Devices: Supraglottic Airways M. B. Rosenberg, DMD,* J. C.
More informationWaitin In The Wings. Esophageal/Tracheal Double Lumen Airway (Combitube ) Indications and Use for the Pre-Hospital Provider
Waitin In The Wings Esophageal/Tracheal Double Lumen Airway (Combitube ) Indications and Use for the Pre-Hospital Provider 1 CombiTube Kit General Description The CombiTube is A double-lumen tube with
More informationCricoid pressure impedes placement of the laryngeal mask airway
British Journal of Anaesthesia 995; 74: 52-525 impedes placement of the laryngeal mask airway T. ASAI, K. BARCLAY, I. POWER AND R. S. VAUGHAN Summary We have studied 22 patients to examine whether or not
More informationThe flexible laryngeal mask airway (FLMA) was
GENERAL ARTICLES The Influence of the Tonsillar Gag on Efficacy of Seal, Anatomic Position, Airway Patency, and Airway Protection with the Flexible Laryngeal Mask Airway: A Randomized, Cross-Over Study
More informationEducational Session: Evaluation and Management of the Difficult Airway
Educational Session: Evaluation and Management of the Difficult Airway Diane M. Birnbaumer, MD, FACEP 3/24/2010 7:30 AM - 8:30 AM The Difficult Airway What s Up YOUR Sleeve? Diane M. Birnbaumer, M.D.,
More informationComparison of the efficacies of I-gel TM and LMA-ProSeal TM for airway management in pediatric patients
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/ Research Article Turk J Med Sci (2013) 43: 208-213 TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/sag-1206-30 Comparison of the efficacies of I-gel TM and
More informationIngo Bergmann *, Thomas Allen Crozier, Markus Roessler, Hanna Schotola, Ashham Mansur, Benedikt Büttner, José Maria Hinz and Martin Bauer
Bergmann et al. BMC Anesthesiology 2014, 14:2 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access The effect of changing the sequence of cuff inflation and device fixation with the LMA-Supreme on device position, ventilatory
More informationComparative study of various supraglottic devices with clinical and fiber optic assessment in elective laparoscopic procedures
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Ambare BM et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2017 Apr;5(4):1514-1521 www.msjonline.org pissn 2320-6071 eissn 2320-6012 Original Research Article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20171256
More informationSuccess of Tracheal Intubation with Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airways
Anesthesiology 2008; 108:621 6 Copyright 2008, the American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. Success of Tracheal Intubation with Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airways
More informationUse of the Aintree Intubation Catheter with the Laryngeal Mask Airway and a Fiberoptic Bronchoscope in a Patient with an Unexpected Difficult Airway
Case Report Use of the Aintree Intubation Catheter with the Laryngeal Mask Airway and a Fiberoptic Bronchoscope in a Patient with an Unexpected Difficult Airway Andrew Zura MD, D. John Doyle MD PhD FRCPC,
More informationAll I need is an LMA
All I need is an LMA Narasimhan Sim Jagannathan, M.D. Associate Chairman, Academic Affairs Director, Pediatric Anesthesia Research Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children s Hospital of Chicago Associate Professor
More informationJMSCR Vol 4 Issue 02 Page February 2016
www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor 3.79 Index Copernicus Value: 5.88 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i02.44 Comparison of Clinical Performance of the
More informationRESPIRATION AND THE AIRWAY. Editor s key points
British Journal of Anaesthesia 108 (1): 140 5 (2012) Advance Access publication 27 October 2011. doi:10.1093/bja/aer327 RESPIRATION AND THE AIRWAY Simulating face-to-face tracheal intubation of a trapped
More informationA Comparative Study of Two Disposable Supraglottic Devices in Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Gynecology
10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1243 Suman ORIGINAL Chattopadhyay, ARTICLESebanti Goswami A Comparative Study of Two Disposable Supraglottic Devices in Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Gynecology Suman Chattopadhyay,
More informationInternational Journal of Health Sciences and Research ISSN:
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research www.ijhsr.org ISSN: 2249-9571 Original Research Article Evaluation of Postoperative Sore Throat and Hoarseness of Voice with Three Variants of Laryngeal
More informationOptimal Size AMBU Laryngeal Mask Airway Among Asian Adult Population
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Optimal Size AMBU Laryngeal Mask Airway Among Asian Adult Population Mee Yee Tang, FANZCA*; Ing Ping Tang, MS (ORL-HNS)*; Chew Yin Wang, FRCA** *Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine
More informationThe Laryngeal Tube. An Evaluation of the Laryngeal Tube During General Anesthesia Using Mechanical Ventilation
An Evaluation of the Laryngeal Tube During General Anesthesia Using Mechanical Ventilation Luis A. Gaitini, MD*, Sonia J. Vaida, MD*, Mostafa Somri, MD*, Victor Kaplan, MD*, Boris Yanovski, MD*, Robert
More informationPreface... Acknowledgements... Contributors... 1 The Difficult Airway: Definitions and Algorithms The Expected Difficult Airway...
Contents Preface... Acknowledgements... Contributors... vii ix xvii 1 The Difficult Airway: Definitions and Algorithms... 1 Zdravka Zafirova and Avery Tung Introduction 1 Definitions 2 Incidence 3 Algorithms
More informationUse of the Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway
340 Anesthesiology 2000; 93:340 5 2000 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. Use of the Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway Are Muscle Relaxants Necessary? Janet
More informationTHE laryngeal mask airway (LMA) classic (Vitaid Ltd.,
PERIOPERATIVE MEDICINE Anesthesiology 2010; 112:652 7 Copyright 2010, the American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Use of Manometry for Laryngeal Mask Airway Reduces Postoperative
More informationAnesthetic challenges when elective case becomes emergent
Anesthetic challenges when elective case becomes emergent Shridevi Pandya Shah MD Asst Professor Dept of Anesthesiology Rutgers-NJMS Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Conflicts of interest: none
More informationLMA CTrach TM in patients with anticipated difficult airway: A retrospective study
DOI: 10.4038/slja.v24i1.8093 LMA CTrach TM in patients with anticipated difficult airway: A retrospective study HM Krishna 1*, N Joseph 2, PK Reddy 2, Y Dudeja 2 Professor 1, Postgraduate 2, Department
More informationAnatomy and Physiology. The airways can be divided in to parts namely: The upper airway. The lower airway.
Airway management Anatomy and Physiology The airways can be divided in to parts namely: The upper airway. The lower airway. Non-instrumental airway management Head Tilt and Chin Lift Jaw Thrust Advanced
More informationAirway/Breathing. Chapter 5
Airway/Breathing Chapter 5 Airway/Breathing Introduction Rapid assessment and management of airway and ventilation are critical to preventing morbidity and mortality. Airway compromise can occur rapidly
More informationRandomized Comparison of Actual and Ideal Body Weight for Size Selection of the Laryngeal Mask Airway Classic in Overweight Patients
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Anesthesiology & Pain http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2015.30.8.1197 J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30: 1197-1202 Randomized Comparison of Actual and Ideal Body Weight for Size Selection of the
More informationMaterials and Methods
Anesthesiology 2008; 109:54 60 Copyright 2008, the American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. Randomized Prospective Study Comparing the Laryngeal Tube Suction II with
More informationJ of Evolution of Med and Dent Sci/ eissn , pissn / Vol. 3/ Issue 64/Nov24, 2014 Page 13923
SUCCESS RATE OF INTUBATING LARYNGEAL MASK AIRWAY FOR BLIND ORAL INTUBATION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING SURGERY UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA Lokesh Kumar K. S 1, Rajalakshmi J 2, Santosh Kumar 3 HOW TO CITE THIS
More informationJournal of Anesthesia & Clinical
Journal of Anesthesia & Clinical Research ISSN: 2155-6148 Journal of Anesthesia & Clinical Research Balasubramanian and Menaha, J Anesth Clin Res 2017, 8:12 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6148.1000791 Research Article
More informationISSN X (Print) Research Article. *Corresponding author Dr. Souvik Saha
Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences (SJAMS) Sch. J. App. Med. Sci., 2015; 3(6B):2238-2243 Scholars Academic and Scientific Publisher (An International Publisher for Academic and Scientific Resources)
More informationRandomised comparison of the LMA Supreme with the I-Gel in spontaneously breathing anaesthetised adult patients
Anaesth Intensive Care 2010; 38: Randomised comparison of the LMA Supreme with the I-Gel in spontaneously breathing anaesthetised adult patients E. F. F. CHEW*, N. HANEEM, C. Y. WANG Department of Anaesthesia,
More informationDifficult Airway. Victor M. Gomez, M.D. Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine Medical City Dallas Hospital
Difficult Airway Victor M. Gomez, M.D. Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine Medical City Dallas Hospital Difficult Airway Definition Predicting a difficult airway Preparing for a difficult airway Extubation
More informationMaterials and Methods
Anesthesiology 2004; 101:316 20 2004 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway with the Laryngeal
More informationComparison of hemodynamic and metabolic stress responses caused by endotracheal tube and Proseal laryngeal mask airway in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Original Article Comparison of hemodynamic and metabolic stress responses caused by endotracheal tube and Proseal laryngeal mask airway in laparoscopic cholecystectomy Handan Güleç 1, Türkay Çakan 1, Halil
More informationComparison of the i-gel and the LMA-Unique laryngeal mask airway in patients with mild to moderate obesity during elective short-term surgery
doi:1.1111/j.1365-244.211.6682.x ORIGINAL ARTICLE Comparison of the i-gel and the LMA-Unique laryngeal mask airway in patients with mild to moderate obesity during elective short-term surgery U. Weber,
More informationA Clinical Comparative Study Of Evaluation Of Proseal LMA V/S I-GEL For Ease Of Insertion And Hemodynamic Stability; A Study Of 60 Cases
ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Anesthesiology Volume 27 Number 2 A Clinical Comparative Study Of Evaluation Of Proseal LMA V/S I-GEL For Ease Of Insertion And Hemodynamic Stability; A Study Of 60 Cases
More informationAn analysis of current knowledge and a complete practical guide.
10777 LMA Brimacombe Cov copy 6607 1211 Page 1 An analysis of current knowledge and a complete practical guide. Sponsored by: Author: Professor Joe Brimacombe Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
More informationHow do you use a bougie as an airway adjunct for endotracheal intubation?
Ruth Bird, MBBCh -Specialist Registrar: Anaesthesia & Paediatric Trauma Fellow Daniel Nevin, MBBCh -Consultant in Anaesthesia & Pre-Hospital Care The Royal London Hospital London s Air Ambulance (HEMS)
More informationAirway Management. Teeradej Kuptanon, MD
Airway Management Teeradej Kuptanon, MD Outline Anatomy Detect difficult airway Rapid sequence intubation Difficult ventilation Difficult intubation Surgical airway access ICU setting Intubation Difficult
More informationLaryngeal mask airway (LMA-ProSeal) malfunction causing acute airway obstruction
Case Report Brunei Int Med J. 2012; 8 (4): 205-209 Laryngeal mask airway (LMA-ProSeal) malfunction causing acute airway obstruction Binu Puthur SIMON and Syed Harun HABIBULLAH Department of Anaesthesiology,
More informationAirway Management. DFMRT Casualty Care Examination Course. Revision notes for. January Les Gordon
Airway Management Revision notes for DFMRT Casualty Care Examination Course January 2013 Les Gordon Indicating special information in Revision Notes presentations New information since Casualty Care in
More informationPre-Hospital Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion Program Overview
Program Overview Program Title Student Eligibility Emergency Medical Technicians certified as Intermediates or Paramedics to perform endotracheal intubation in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Course
More informationHELPING REDUCE THE TRACHEAL IMPACT OF INTUBATION1. Endotracheal tubes with TaperGuard cuff technology in the operating room
HELPING REDUCE THE TRACHEAL IMPACT OF INTUBATION1 Endotracheal tubes with TaperGuard cuff technology in the operating room SECURING AIRWAYS WITH A GENTLE TOUCH You aim to keep patients safe and comfortable
More informationStandard versus Rotation Technique for Insertion of Supraglottic Airway Devices: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Original Article Yonsei Med J 2016 Jul;57(4):987-997 pissn: 0513-5796 eissn: 1976-2437 Standard versus Rotation Technique for Insertion of Supraglottic Airway Devices: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
More informationThe Can t Intubate Can t Oxygenate Scenario in Paediatric Anaesthesia: An Animal Model
The Can t Intubate Can t Oxygenate Scenario in Paediatric Anaesthesia: An Animal Model Stacey J, Heard AMB, Chapman G, Wallace CJ, Hegarty M, Vijayasekaran S, von Ungern-Sternberg BS Gilbert Brown Prize
More informationOriginal Research Article. Amol P. Singam 1, Arpita A. Jaiswal 2 *, Ashok R. Chaudhari 1
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Singam AP et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2018 Jan;6(1):129-134 www.msjonline.org pissn 2320-6071 eissn 2320-6012 Original Research Article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20175538
More information(ix) Difficult & Failed Intubation Queen Charlotte s Hospital
(ix) Difficult & Failed Intubation Queen Charlotte s Hospital Pre-operative Assessment Clinical assessment of airway and risk of difficult intubation: (can be performed in a matter of seconds): 1. Mouth
More informationGastroesophageal regurgitation during anesthesia and controlled ventilation with six airway devices
Journal of Clinical Anesthesia (2008) 20, 508 513 Original contribution Gastroesophageal regurgitation during anesthesia and controlled ventilation with six airway devices Vadim Khazin MD (Deputy Head,
More informationREVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ANESTESIOLOGIA
Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2013;63(6):445 9 2013;63(6):445 449 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ANESTESIOLOGIA Official Publication of the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology www.sba.com.br SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE Comparison
More informationAdvanced Airway Management. University of Colorado Medical School Rural Track
Advanced Airway Management University of Colorado Medical School Rural Track Advanced Airway Management Basic Airway Management Airway Suctioning Oxygen Delivery Methods Laryngeal Mask Airway ET Intubation
More information