Author Academy: Effectively Communicating your Research

Transcription

1 Author Academy: Effectively Communicating your Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Branch& ShanghaiTech University April 2015 Jeffrey Robens, PhD Senior Research Consultant Education Group Leader

2 Your goal should not only to be published, but also to be widely read/cited 成为一个有效的沟通者 Be an effective communicator What journal editors want Choose the best journal Logically organize your ideas Navigate through peer review

3 Section 1 What journal editors want

4 Academic Customer What journal Publishing Service editors want What do journal editors want? 期刊编辑想要什么? High quality research Increase impact Original and novel research Real-world applications Well-designed study Logically organized Interesting to journal s readership

5 Academic Customer What journal Publishing Service editors want Publication ethics Data fabrication or falsification Author contribution Plagiarism Conflicts of interest Consequences of unethical behavior Unable to publish Loss of employment 始终遵循出版伦理道德准则

6 Section 2 Journal selection

7 Reading Journal Strategies selection Evaluating significance 客观地评估自己的研究发现 Novelty Relevance Appeal How new are your findings? Low or high impact journal How broadly relevant are your findings? International/regional & general/specialized What are the important real-world applications?

8 Reading Journal Strategies selection Factors to consider when choosing a journal Aims & scope Readership Indexing Open access Impact factor Varies by field 评估备选期刊的方方面面

9 Reading Journal Strategies selection Journal Selector springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author 使用免费的在线资源找到目标期刊

10 Reading Journal Strategies selection Journal Selector springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author Insert your proposed abstract

11 Reading Journal Strategies selection Journal Selector springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author Matching journals

12 Reading Journal Strategies selection Journal Selector springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author Journal s aims & scope, IF and publication frequency Similar articles Are they recent? Have you cited them?

13 Section 3 Manuscript structure

14 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Introduction 为什么需要做这项研究? General introduction Current state of the field Problem in the field Aims Specific aims

15 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Writing the Introduction 你的目标就是要解决问题 Study of borewell stability of Marcellus shale wells in longwall mining areas Problem in the field Factors that need to be studied are those that are applied to the casing and the resulting stress and strains or displacements which could lead to an unstable wellbore. Study aims The main objective of this research is to develop a general model for estimating the stresses, strain, and ground movement, which can then be used to describe the worse case conditions that may occur near the wellbore in longwall mining areas. Wang et al. J Petrol Explor Prod Technol. 2014; 4:

16 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Methods/Experimental 清楚地描述研究设计的各个方面 What/who was used How it was done How it was analyzed Samples or participants Materials General methods Specific techniques (discuss controls) Quantification methods Models/equations Statistical tests Consult a statistician

17 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Results Logical presentation 1. Initial observation 2. Characterization 3. Application Example: 1. Observe a correlation between depression and Internet use 2. Characterize the severity of depression, time spent online, websites visited 3. Demonstrate decreased Internet use improves severity of depression

18 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Results Logical presentation Subsections Factual description 1. Initial observation 2. Characterization 3. Application Each subsection corresponds to one figure What you found, not what it means 真实 合理地介绍你的发现

19 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Discussion 你的研究如何推动该领域的发展? Summary of findings Relevance Implications Similarities/differences Unexpected/negative results Limitations

20 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Results and Discussion Figure 1 Results Interpretation Figure 2 Results Interpretation Figure 3 Results Interpretation Figure 4 Results Interpretation Logical presentation Fabrication Characterization Application

21 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Conclusions 为什么你的研究在本领域是重要的? The Spanish version of AIDA showed good psychometric properties in Mexico and can be used to assess the construct pathology-related identity integration vs. diffusion with reliability, validity, and content equivalence in comparison with the original AIDA questionnaire. This finding supports the cross-cultural generalizability of the underlying concept and confirms the importance of culture-specific test adaption in addition to literal translation of the questionnaire. Nevertheless, some items should be improved. Therefore, the test version of AIDA Spanish Mexico should be further adapted and should be tested in a more heterogeneous population. Conclusion Implications Future directions Kassin et al. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2013; 7: 25.

22 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Linking your ideas Introduction Methods Results General background Current state of the field Problems in the field Objectives Methodology Results and figures Summary of findings Discussion Relevance of findings Implications for the field 将你的想法合理贯穿全文

23 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Abstracts Relevance of your aims Importance of your results Validity of your conclusions First impression of your paper Judge your writing style Probably only part that will be read 对你的研究成功的第一印象就是你的摘要

24 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Sections of an abstract 摘要概括性地介绍了你的研究内容 Background Aims Methods Results Conclusion Why the study was done Your hypothesis Techniques/analyses Most important findings Conclusion/implications

25 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Unstructured abstract ErbB-2 has been implicated as a target for cancer-initiating cells in breast and other cancers. ErbB-2-directed peptide vaccines have been shown to be effective in prevention of spontaneous tumorigenesis of breast in neu transgenic mouse model, and cellular immunity is proposed as a mechanism for the anti-tumor efficacy. However, there has been no explanation as to how immunity suppresses tumorigenesis from the early stage carcinogenesis, when ErbB-2 expression in breast is low. Here, we investigated a peptidebased vaccine, which consists of two MHC class II epitopes derived from murine ErbB-2, to prevent the occurrence of spontaneous tumors in breast and assess immune impact on breast cancer stem cells. Female MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice were immunized with either ErbB-2 peptide vaccine, or a peptide from tetanus toxoid, or PBS in immune adjuvant. ErbB-2 peptides vaccine completely suppressed spontaneous breast tumors, and the efficacy was correlated with antigen-specific T-cell and antibody responses. In addition, immune serum from the mice of ErbB-2 vaccine group had an inhibitory effect on mammosphere-forming capacity and signaling through ErbB-2 and downstream Akt pathway in ErbB-2 overexpressing mouse mammary cancer cells. We provide evidence that multi-epitope class II peptides vaccine suppresses tumorigenesis of breast potentially by inhibiting the growth of cancer stem cells. We also suggest that a strategy of inducing strong immune responses using multiepitope ErbB-2-directed helper vaccine might be useful in preventing breast cancer recurrence. Gil et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2014; 147:

26 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Unstructured abstract ErbB-2 has been implicated as a target for cancer-initiating cells in breast and other cancers. ErbB-2-directed peptide vaccines have been shown to be effective in prevention of spontaneous tumorigenesis of breast in neu transgenic mouse model, and cellular immunity is proposed as a mechanism for the anti-tumor efficacy. However, there has been no explanation as to how immunity suppresses tumorigenesis from the early stage carcinogenesis, when ErbB- 2 expression in breast is low. Here, we investigated a peptide-based vaccine, which consists of two MHC class II epitopes derived from murine ErbB-2, to prevent the occurrence of spontaneous tumors in breast and assess immune impact on breast cancer stem cells. Female MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice were immunized with either ErbB-2 peptide vaccine, or a peptide from tetanus toxoid, or PBS in immune adjuvant. ErbB-2 peptides vaccine completely suppressed spontaneous breast tumors, and the efficacy was correlated with antigen-specific T-cell and antibody responses. In addition, immune serum from the mice of ErbB-2 vaccine group had an inhibitory effect on mammosphere-forming capacity and signaling through ErbB-2 and downstream Akt pathway in ErbB-2 overexpressing mouse mammary cancer cells. We provide evidence that multi-epitope class II peptides vaccine suppresses tumorigenesis of breast potentially by inhibiting the growth of cancer stem cells. We also suggest that a strategy of inducing strong immune responses using multi-epitope ErbB-2-directed helper vaccine might be useful in preventing breast cancer recurrence. Implications Gil et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2014; 147: Background Methods Results Conclusion

27 Coverage Manuscript and Staffing structure Plan Writing your abstract ErbB-2 has been implicated as a target for cancer-initiating cells in breast and other cancers. ErbB-2-directed peptide vaccines have been shown to be effective in prevention of spontaneous tumorigenesis of breast in neu transgenic mouse model, and cellular immunity is proposed as a mechanism Why for the needed anti-tumor to efficacy. be done However, there has been no explanation as to how immunity suppresses tumorigenesis from the early stage carcinogenesis, when ErbB-2 expression in breast is low. Here, we investigated a peptidebased vaccine, which consists of two MHC class II epitopes derived from murine ErbB-2, to prevent the occurrence of spontaneous What tumors you in breast did and assess immune impact on breast cancer stem cells. Female MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice were immunized with either ErbB-2 peptide vaccine, or a peptide from tetanus toxoid, or PBS in immune adjuvant. ErbB-2 peptides vaccine completely suppressed spontaneous breast tumors, and the efficacy was correlated with antigen-specific T-cell and antibody responses. In addition, immune serum from the mice of ErbB-2 vaccine group What had you an inhibitory found effect on mammosphere-forming capacity and signaling through ErbB-2 and downstream Akt pathway in ErbB-2 overexpressing mouse mammary cancer cells. We provide evidence that multi-epitope class II peptides vaccine suppresses tumorigenesis of breast potentially by inhibiting the growth of cancer stem cells. We also suggest How that contributes a strategy of inducing to strong the immune field responses using multiepitope ErbB-2-directed helper vaccine might be useful in preventing breast cancer recurrence. Gil et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2014; 147:

28 Section 4 Peer review

29 Peer review What reviewers are looking for The study Relevant hypothesis Good study design Appropriate methodology Good data analyses Valid conclusions The manuscript Logical flow of information Manuscript structure and formatting Appropriate references High readability 审稿人评估你的研究和你的稿件

30 Peer review Writing response letters Read by the journal editor, not the reviewers Respond to every reviewer comment Easy to see changes Refer to line and page numbers Use a different color font Highlight the text 通过答复信交流稿件中所做的全部修改

31 Academic Customer What journal Publishing Service editors want Agreeing with reviewers Reviewer Comment: In your analysis of the data you have chosen to use a somewhat obscure fitting function (regression). In my opinion, a simple Gaussian function would have sufficed. Moreover, the results would be more instructive and easier to compare to previous results. Agreement Response: We agree with the Reviewer s assessment of the analysis. 解释你为什么同意审稿人以及哪里进行了修改

32 Academic Customer What journal Publishing Service editors want Agreeing with reviewers Reviewer Comment: In your analysis of the data you have chosen to use a somewhat obscure fitting function (regression). In my opinion, a simple Gaussian function would have sufficed. Moreover, the results would be more instructive and easier to compare to previous results. Agreement Response: We agree with the Reviewer s assessment of the analysis. Our tailored function, in its current form, makes it difficult to tell that this measurement Why agree constitutes a significant improvement over previously reported values. We describe our new analysis using a Gaussian fitting function in our revised Results section (Page 6, Lines 12 18). Revisions Location

33 Coverage and Cover Letters Staffing Plan Disagreeing with reviewers Reviewer Comment: In your analysis of the data you have chosen to use a somewhat obscure fitting function (regression). In my opinion, a simple Gaussian function would have sufficed. Moreover, the results would be more instructive and easier to compare to previous results. Response: It is clear that this reviewer is not familiar with the current analytical methods in the field. I recommend that you identify a more suitable reviewer for my manuscript. 绝对不要像这样否定你的审稿人!

34 Peer review Disagreeing with reviewers Reviewer Comment: In your analysis of the data you have chosen to use a somewhat obscure fitting function (regression). In my opinion, a simple 如果你不同意审稿人 Gaussian function would, have sufficed. Moreover, the 你需要进行解释并提供依据 results would be more instructive and easier to compare to previous results. Response: Although a simple Gaussian fit would facilitate comparison with the results of other Evidence studies, our tailored function allows for the analysis of the data in terms of the Smith model [Smith et al., 1998]. We have now explained the use of this function and the Smith model in Revisions our revised Discussion section (Page 12, Lines 2 6). Location

35 Be an effective communicator 成为一个有效的沟通者 Your goal should not only to be published, but also to be widely read/cited What journal editors want Choose the best journal Logically organize your ideas Navigate through peer review

36 Academy.springer.com S Liwenbianji.cn 向 Springer 旗下期刊投稿的作者将享受 10% 的优惠折扣! 有助于投稿和同行评审的服务 : 语言润色 专业学术评审 撰写附信 期刊投稿帮助 逐点回复审稿意见

37 Any questions? 谢谢! Jeffrey Robens: liwenbianji.cn 下载完整版 PDF 讲义 e.weibo.com/liwenbianji 关注理文编辑新浪微博 : 理文编辑 blog.sciencenet.cn/u/liwenbianji 关注理文编辑科学网博客 : 理文编辑