ETHYLENE GLYCOLS, GLYCOL ETHERS ETHANOLAMINES

Transcription

1 Report No. 70 ETHYLENE GLYCOLS, GLYCOL ETHERS ETHANOLAMINES AND by HAROLD W. SCHEELINE August 1971 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA

2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION..., 1 SUMMARY... General Aspects... Economics... Technical Aspects... INDUSTRY STATUS... Ethylene Glycols ETHYLENE GLYCOLS BY HYDRATION OF OXIDE... Chemistry... Review of Processes... Process Description... Process Discussion... Cost Estimates... Capital Costs... Production Costs... Changing Plant Operation To Obtain Higher Diglycol Production Ratio... ETHYLENE GLYCOLS BY CARBONATION PROCESS... Chemistry... Review of Process... Process Description... Process Discussion... Cost Estimates... Capital Costs... Production Costs.....,.... a s......,,...,..., COMBINED ETHYLENE OXIDE--ETHYLENE GLYCOLS ECONOMICS 7 ETHYLENE GLYCOL BY OTHER PROCESSES, 79 85

3 CONTENTS 8 POLYESTER GRADE ETHYLENE GLYCOL Chemistry... tt Review of Processes... Process Description Process Discussion Cost Estimates Capital Costs Purification Costs GLYCOL ETHERS Chemistry Review of Processes Process Description Process Discussion Cost Estimates Capital Costs Production Costs ETHANOLAMINES Chemistry Review of Processes Process Description Process Discussion Cost Estimates Capital Costs Production Costs APPENDIX A DESIGN AND COST BASIS.., 161 APPENDIX B PHYSICAL DATA..., APPENDIX C PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS,,. 169 APPENDIX D PRODUCT TOXICITY AND HANDLING..., CITED REFERENCES...,, PATENT REFERENCES BY COMPANY., 193 vi

4 ILLUSTRATIONS Effect of Operating Level and Plant Capacity on Production Cost. Effect of Ethylene Oxide Transfer Price on Production Cost...,., Effect of Operating Level and Plant Capacity on Production Cost,.,.,,.....,.. Glycol Methyl Ethers Effect of Methanol and Ethylene Oxide Transfer Prices on Production Cost..,..,,,. Glycol Ethyl Ethers Effect of Anhydrous Ethanol and Ethylene Oxide Transfer Prices on Production Cost.,., Glycol Butyl Ethers Effect of n-butanol and Ethylene Oxide Transfer Prices on Production Cost.,,.,..,... Effect of Operating Level and Plant Capacity on Production Cost. Effect of Ethylene Oxide Transfer Price on Production Cost...,., vii

5 TABLES Ethylene Glycols and Summary of Economics Summary of Economics...,.,,. Plants for Ethylene Glycols in the United States,, Plants for Ethylene Glycols in Japan Production of Ethylene Glycols in the United States Plants for in the United States... Plants for and in Japan Production of in the United States.. Plants for in the United States.,. Production of in the United States,. Patent Summary... Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary... Stream Flows...,,... Total Capital Investment,..,..,,.. Production Costs,,,.,..,...,,. Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary,.. Stream Flows Total Capital Investment.. Production Costs.. Combined Ethylene Oxide-Ethylene Glycol Units Capital Investments., I a.. 28,.. 29 m , a ix

6 TABLES Combined Ethylene Oxide--Ethylene Glycols Units Production Costs..,.. 83 Ethylene Glycol Specifications.., Patent Summary...,..,...,.., 95 Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary.. 99 Total Capital Investment..,..,.,.,.,. 103 Production Costs,.,,...,. 104 Theoretical Requirements of Alcohols and Ethylene Oxide for Various 108 Operating Temperatures and Pressures for Design Case Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary Stream Flows Total Capital Investment. 128 Glycol Methyl Ethers Production Costs...,..,.,, Glycol Ethyl Ethers Production Costs. 130 Glycol Butyl Ethers Production Costs.., Feed Requirements and Costs of Individual. 135 Ethanolamine Manufacture Patent Summary...,.., Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary.. 147

7 TABLES B.1 B.2 B.3 B.4 c.1 C.2 c.3 Stream Flows Total Capital Investment. 156 Production Costs Ethylene Glycols Physical Data Ethylene Carbonate Physical Data Physical Data Physical Data Ethylene Glycols Specifications Specifications.. Specifications, Xi