SFL/METU FALL 2017 DBE NLL PIN Unit 2-3 WRITING HANDOUT 2 PRE-INTERMEDIATE GROUP (Student s Copy)

Transcription

1 SFL/METU FALL 2017 DBE NLL PIN Unit 2-3 WRITING HANDOUT 2 PRE-INTERMEDIATE GROUP (Student s Copy) PART 1. READING I. Discussion. Discuss the questions below with a partner. 1. Who is your favorite singer/actor? Explain. 2. What do you think are the characteristics of a successful singer/actor? II. Comprehension. A. Read the texts quickly and answer the questions below. 1. Who is Amy Winehouse? 2. Who is Arnold Schwarzenegger? 3. What are the texts mainly about? a) their road to fame b) their childhood and education c) their friends and family

2 Amy Winehouse, who was a famous jazz, pop, soul and hip-hop singer, had a tragic life story. Amy was born on September 14, 1983, in the suburbs of London, England. Her father was a taxi driver, and her mother was a pharmacist. When she was a child, she was interested in the rebellious spirit 1 of R&B and hip-hop. At the age of 16, she entered the world of music when a close friend sent her demo tape to A&R Company. At first, she worked as a jazz vocalist for the company. Then, she got an offer from Island/Universal, which was one of the most prestigious record labels in the world. Afterwards, she had great success with her world-wide known albums, such as Frank (2003) and Back to Black (2006). She won five Grammy Awards! After her first album, Winehouse became famous as an unstable 2 party girl. She was generally too drunk on her performances. Then, she started a relationship with the music video assistant Blake Fielder- Civil, who introduced her to hard drugs. After she married him in 2007, she continued using drugs and displaying strange behaviors. She was taken to hospital many times. She was even sent to prison when was found carrying drugs in her bag. Winehouse's health and personal life began to worsen quickly. She divorced her husband in 2008, and her addiction to drugs and alcohol ruined her musical success. The singer died tragically on July 23, 2011 from accidental alcohol poisoning when she was at the age of 27. Upon her death, her fans became deeply saddened, and today she is remembered as a creative, kind, and talented person. Her fans are still enjoying her wonderful voice and continue to listen to her albums. Arnold Schwarzenegger is one of the biggest and brightest stars in Hollywood. We regularly see him on the big screen, but he wasn t always an actor, and it wasn t by chance that he became famous. So how did it all begin? What s the secret of his success? Arnold was born in a small village in Austria on July 30, His father was an alcoholic police chief, so he had a difficult childhood until the age of 13. But then, his father died. When he was 14, he was doing body-building, which was not a popular form of physical exercise at that time. While he was working hard to develop his famous muscles, he also thought about becoming a star. Before he went to the United States, he told everybody that he was going to be a movie star. Most people laughed at him. Why did they do that? Well, he had a long, difficult family name to pronounce and a strong foreign accent. His friends advised him to change his surname because no other actor in America had such a difficult surname. Popular actors had short, easy-to-pronounce names like Cruise, Pitt and Willis. Surprisingly, his unusual surname and a heavy accent made him stand out. When Arnold achieved great fame with Conan, the Barbarian (1982), and The Terminator (1984), he bought the Planet Hollywood fast food restaurants with two other action-movie stars who are Bruce Willis and Sylvester Stallone. What was his formula for success? Before he took these steps, he planned everything carefully. He was determined to be famous, and he was hard working and confident! Glossary: 1 rebellious spirit (adj.): character that resists control or authority 2 an unstable person (adj.): someone who has extreme changes in their emotions

3 B. Read the texts again and complete the notes in the chart. Amy Winehouse Arnold Schwarzenegger Personality creative, kind, talented, unstable Country Austria Date of Birth Early Life and Family The suburbs of London Father: Mother: a small village in Austria Father: Profession (Job) Works Death He is still alive C. Choose the best answer according to the texts. 1. Amy Winehouse started her career when. a) she sang a song at a party. b) her friend sent her songs to a music company c) married a music video assistant 2. What was Amy Winehouse s great success? a) She had a wonderful marriage with Blake Fielder-Civil. b) She helped to fight against drug and alcohol addiction. c) She had worldwide known albums and won five Grammy awards. 3. Before Schwarzenegger became famous, he. a) was working at a farm in Austria b) was doing an unpopular sport c) was working as a police chef 4. Before Schwarzenegger went to the US, he. a) opened a gym for body building b) told people he wanted to become an actor c) worked for Kennedy in The White House 5. What did people tell Schwarzenegger to do when he went to the US? a) change his surname b) choose an unusual surname c) not change his family name 3

4 PART 2. LANGUAGE STUDY I. TENSES Examples: Arnold Schwarzenegger is one of the biggest and brightest stars in Hollywood. We regularly see Schwarzenegger on the big screen. Amy s fans are still enjoying her wonderful voice and continue to listen to her albums. After her first album came out, Winehouse became famous as an unstable party girl. While Arnold Schwarzenegger was working hard to develop his famous muscles, he also thought about becoming a star. By checking the examples, fill in the blanks in the explanation below. As seen in the example sentences, is used to state general information; to state a continuous action at present; to state an action completed in the past and to talk about an action in progress when another shorter action happened. Practice 1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate tenses. Malala Yousafzai Malala Yousafzai, who 1) (be) born on 12 th July 1997, is a Pakistani activist for female education. She 2) (live) in Mingora during her childhood with her Muslim family. Her parents are Ziauddin and Tor Peka, and her younger brothers are Khushal and Atal. The Taliban, which is still occupying part of Pakistan, banned girls from going to school. Some schools were closed and some were destroyed. As a result, at the age of 11 Malala 3) (write) a blog to express her feelings and fight for her rights. On the afternoon of 9 th October 2012, while Malala 4) (take) the bus to school, she was shot three times. Luckily, she 5) (recover) from the attack and became the most famous teenager in the world. Then, she 6) (keep) on fighting for women s right for education and other human rights issues. Because of her activism, Malala 7) (win) the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize. She was the youngest person to win this prize. Now, Malala 8) (attend) Edgbaston High School in Birmingham, and she 9) (organize) campaigns to reach her goals. A fund with her name 10) (help) children in education around the world. Michael Perham In January 2007, a young British boy aged 14 1) (sail) across the Atlantic Ocean and into the history books. He 2) (become) the youngest person to sail across the ocean - on his own. There 3) (be) anyone else with him on the boat and he 4) (make) any stops during the journey. This incredible journey across the Atlantic Ocean 5) (take) seven weeks. At the moment, he 6) (live) in Britain. He 7) (like) to spend his time with family and friends. He also 8) (volunteer) a lot for the Tall Ships Youth Trust. This 9) (involve) taking groups of young people who are often disadvantaged out on the water and teaching them how to sail. He usually 10) (spend) a month on the boats each year. 4

5 Rosa Parks Mahatma Ghandi On December 1 st, 1955, a young African American woman 1) (get) on a bus and made history. While she 2) (sit) on her seat, the bus driver 3) (tell) her to get out of her seat because a white man needed it. When she 4) (get) out of her seat, the police 5) (arrest) her. This started a massive protest, and after one year, the local government 6) (change) the law. Now, thanks to Rosa Parks, African American people 7) (have) the same rights as the others in the USA. In the early 1900s, Mahatma Ghandi was an Indian lawyer who 1) (organize) peaceful protests against British rulers. In 1930, he 2) (lead) thousands of people on a 400km march to protest against heavy taxes. During his life, he 3) (spend) seven years in prison, but finally in 1947, India 4) (become) independent. He continued working to improve the lives of Indians until he was killed by a fanatic in January He 5) (become) the president of India, but he was called the Father of the Nation. II. COMBINING IDEAS Examples from the text: When Amy was a child, she was interested in the rebellious spirit of R&B and hip-hop. When Arnold achieved great fame with Conan, the Barbarian (1982) and The Terminator (1984), he bought the Planet Hollywood fast food restaurants with two other action-movie stars who are Bruce Willis and Sylvester Stallone. While Schwarzenegger was working hard to develop his famous muscles, he also thought about becoming a star. At first, Amy worked as a jazz vocalist for the company. Then, she got an offer from Island/Universal, which was one of the most prestigious record labels in the world. Afterwards, Winehouse had great success with her world-wide known albums, such as Frank (2003) and Back to Black (2006). Arnold s father was an alcoholic police chief, so he had a difficult childhood until the age of 13. Ghandi continued working to improve the lives of Indians until he was killed by a fanatic in January After her first album, Winehouse became famous as an unstable party girl. Before Arnold took steps, he planned everything carefully. Arnold s friends advised him to change his surname because no other actor in America had such a difficult surname. 5

6 Practice 1. Check the example sentences and fill in the chart below: Explanation to express time & sequence to express reason Practice 2. Check the example sentences again, and decide whether these expressions are followed by a Noun/Noun Phrase, and/or a Sentence (Clause) and complete the table below. Before After Before Arnold took steps, he planned everything carefully. After her first album, Winehouse became famous as a rebellious party girl. When Amy was a child, she was interested in the rebellious spirit of R&B and hip-hop. When Arnold achieved great fame with Conan, the Barbarian (1982) and The Terminator (1984), he bought the Planet When While Hollywood fast food restaurants with two other action-movie stars who are Bruce Willis and Sylvester Stallone. While Schwarzenegger was working hard to develop his famous muscles, he also thought about becoming a star. Arnold s father was an alcoholic police chief, so he had a difficult Until childhood until the age of 13. Ghandi continued working to improve the lives of Indians until he was killed by a fanatic in January Then, Next, Later, Afterwards, Afterwards, Winehouse had great success with her world-wide known albums, such as Frank (2003) and Back to Black (2006). Then, Amy got an offer from Island/Universal, which was one of the most prestigious record labels in the world. because + Arnold s friends advised him to change his surname because no other actor in America had such a difficult surname. 6

7 HOW TO COMBINE IDEAS USING BEFORE, AFTER, UNTIL, WHILE & WHEN Before / After Before and After show the sequence of events. With Before, the second event is given. With After, the first event is given. (2) (1) e.g. Before Arnold took steps, he planned everything carefully. (1) (2) After her first album, Winehouse became famous as a rebellious party girl. Until Until means if something happens until a particular time, it continues and then stops at that time. e.g. Arnold s father was an alcoholic police chief, so he had a difficult childhood until the age of 13. While While is used to show to actions happening at the same time in the past. e.g. While Schwarzenegger was working hard to develop his famous muscles, he also thought about becoming a star. While Tina was singing, Ike was playing the guitar. When When has several functions. One of its functions is that it is used to show two actions happening at the same time. When is preferred to refer to ages and periods of life. e.g. When Amy was a child, she was interested in the rebellious spirit of R&B and hip-hop. When Tina was singing, Ike was playing the guitar. It can also be used to show two actions following each other. e.g. When Arnold achieved great fame with Conan, the Barbarian (1982) and The Terminator (1984), he bought the Planet Hollywood fast food restaurants with two other action-movie stars who are Bruce Willis and Sylvester Stallone. 7

8 Practice 3. Read the text and fill in the blanks with the appropriate words from the box. Be careful, there is an extra item. There are items which can be used interchangeably then when before because afterwards while at first after until Charles Dickens was born on 7 February He was an English writer and created some of the world's most memorable fictional characters. One of the most famous characters he created was Oliver Twist, who was a poor boy living in Victorian times. Charles was born in Portsmouth, England. His parents named him Charles John Huffam Dickens. He was the second of eight children. Early in life, he could not go to school 1) his father was in prison. 2) the age of 12, he was made to work in a dirty old factory. 3), Charles's father had enough money to send him back to school. 4) he graduated from school, he got a job in a lawyer's office at the age of 15. 5), he got a job writing about the events in the Parliament, and he learned shorthand and travelled around England in a stagecoach. 6) Charles was walking around the city of London, he was watching and listening to everything around him. He got angry at the sad things that he saw, but it helped him come up with ideas for new stories. 7) he became famous and everyone knew who he was, he was dreaming of making things better for people. In 1837, Oliver Twist came out and Charles Dickens became famous. Oliver is an orphan boy who ends up in London in a gang of thieves. The story ends happily for Oliver, but people were shocked by the way poor children were treated in the book. In 1843, Dickens wrote 'A Christmas Carol', which was one of his most famous stories. In the book, the readers meet the miser Scrooge and three ghosts. In 1868, Charles went to the United States, and read to large audiences on stage. The job was tiring and he became very sick and returned to England. He was writing a book called 'The Mystery of Edwin Drood' 8) he died at his home in 1870 in Kent, England. He was buried in Westminster Abbey Cemetery. 8

9 Practice 4. Rewrite the following sentences using the clues in brackets. Be careful to use the correct punctuation. 1. Frida Kahlo met the famous painter Diego Rivera. Then, she started painting. (after) 2. Kahlo appeared on the front cover of Vogue magazine during her stay in Paris. (while) 3. Kahlo produced a lot of paintings in Mexico. Afterwards, she visited the United States and France to meet important artists. (before) 4. A great earthquake destroyed Tanizaki s home and he decided to move to Osaka. III. ADJECTIVES (when) Adjectives can be used to talk about a person s personality, mood and physical characteristics. PERSONALITY MOOD PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS serious happy big, large, tall outgoing satisfied small, tiny, short friendly relaxed thin shy nervous strong angry sad depressed weak brunette, blond, redhead light-skinned, dark-skinned Practice 1. Ask the questions given below to a partner and take notes of his/her answers. Then, tell about your partner s answers to your class. - Who is the person? - What does the person do?. - What does he or she look like?. - What is his/her personality like?.. 9

10 PART 3. GETTING READY TO WRITE I. PUNCTUATION (COMBINING IDEAS) Check the examples and fill in the chart below with the appropriate item. put a comma after them put a comma between two clauses don t put a comma At first, Charles could not go to school. Then, Charles s father had enough money to send him back to school. Afterwards, Charles got a job writing about Parliament, and he learned shorthand and travelled around England in a stagecoach. Until the age of 12, Charles was made to work in a dirty old factory. After Charles graduated from the school, he got a job in a lawyer's office at the age of 15. Before Charles became famous and everyone knew who he was, he was dreaming of making things for people better, and he was writing for newspapers. While Charles was walking around the city of London, he was watching and listening to everything around. When Charles died at his home in Kent in 1870, he was writing a book called 'The Mystery of Edwin Drood'. Because Charles s father was in prison, he could not go to school. When a sentence starts with at first, then and afterwards, 1). 2) when a sentence starts with the until, after, before, while, when and because. Charles got a job in a lawyer's office at the age of 15 after he graduated from the school. Charles was made to work in a dirty old factory until the age of 12. Charles was dreaming of making things for people better, and he was writing for newspapers before he became famous and everyone knew who he was. Charles was watching and listening to everything around while he was walking around the city of London. Charles was writing a book called 'The Mystery of Edwin Drood' when he died at his home in Kent in Charles could not go to school because his father was in prison. When until, after, before, while, when and because are between clauses, 3). 10

11 II. ORGANIZATION In order to write a good text, it is important to organize it and to put the ideas in a logical order. The text should have unity. That is, the sentences should be related to the main idea of the text and there should not be any irrelevant sentences. A well-written text should also have coherence, which means that sentences should be in a logical order and follow each other smoothly. Practice 1. Complete the items A-C in the text with the necessary information in the timeline, and the items 1-7 with the words given in the box below. Use each word only once. then when before because afterwards at first after until THE THE KING OF ROCK AND ROLL e.g. Elvis Aaron Presley was born to a poor family on January 8, 1935 in Mississippi, USA. e.g. Until the age of 13, he lived with his family there, but in 1948, they moved to Memphis, Tennessee. Elvis loved music, and the same year, his mother bought him a guitar. 1., he had difficulty in playing it. 2., he learned to play it well. In 1954, A. for his mother s birthday. Sam Phillips, who was the manager of the studio, was impressed 3. he heard Elvis s voice because Elvis sang like a black man, but he was white. Sam produced Elvis s first record called That s all right, Mama, which was played by disk jockeys all over the U.S. 4., Elvis went to Hollywood and made his first movie called Love Me Tender. Other hit records and movies followed, and Elvis became a millionaire. B., he joined the army and went to Germany. 5. he came back to the United States in the early sixties, pop music began to change. He is commercially successful in many genres, including pop, blues and gospel, and he is one of the best-selling artists in the history of recorded music, with estimated record sales of around 600 million units worldwide. Groups like The Beach Boys and The Rolling Stones were more popular. 6. Elvis couldn t accept this change, he became fat and depressed. On August 16, 1977, C. in his mansion, Graceland, in Memphis, Tennessee. 7. he died, his house became a museum. Every year, thousands of fans come to Graceland to see it. 11

12 Practice 2. Read the text about Elvis Presley s life again, and find the sentence which disturbs the unity of the text and write it below explaining the reasons. Practice 3. Read the two texts below about Mark Zuckerberg. Which one seems like a more coherent text? Explain why one of the texts is coherent and why the other one is not. Be careful about the element of coherence as it would help you in ordering the sentences in their appropriate place in a text. A. Mark Zuckerberg, who is the founder of Facebook, was born on May 14, 1984 in New York. He developed an interest in computers at an early age. He used computers and began writing software before he entered high school. While he was studying at high school, Zuckerberg took a course in computer programming and wrote a software program, which was an early version of the music software Pandora. Several companies showed an interest in buying the software, and hiring the teenager before graduation but he didn t accept the offers. After he graduated from high school in 2002, he enrolled at Harvard University. During his education at Harvard, he developed computer programs. Later, three of his fellow students came to him with a project to make a social networking site called Harvard Connection. At first, Zuckerberg agreed to help with the project. Then, he didn t continue the project and decided to work on his own social networking site with three of his friends. The group ran the site out of a dorm room at Harvard until June After his second year at Harvard, Zuckerberg left school to concentrate more on the site. The user base of the site has grown to more than 250 million people and made Zuckerberg a billionaire. B. Mark Zuckerberg, who is the founder of Facebook, was born on May 14, 1984 in New York. He used computers and began writing software before he entered high school. While he was studying at high school, Zuckerberg took a course in computer programming and wrote a software program, which was an early version of the music software Pandora. Several companies showed an interest in buying the software, and hiring the teenager before graduation but he didn t accept the offers. He developed an interest in computers at an early age. After he graduated from high school in 2002, he enrolled at Harvard University. During his education at Harvard, he developed computer programs. After his second year at Harvard, Zuckerberg left school to concentrate more on the site. At first, Zuckerberg agreed to help with the project. Later, three of his fellow students came to him with a project to make a social networking site called Harvard Connection. The group ran the site out of a dorm room at Harvard until June Then, he didn t continue the project and decided to work on his own social networking site with three of his friends. The user base of the site has grown to more than 250 million people and made Zuckerberg a billionaire. 12

13 PART 4. WRITING TASK Write about the life of Frida Kahlo in about sentences. Use the information provided to you in the table. Frida Kahlo Mexican painter Birth: July 6, 1907 / Coyoacán, Mexico Important Life Events: Become disabled by polio as a child Be seriously injured in a traffic accident (1925) cause pain for the rest of her life Stay in hospital start to consider becoming a medical illustrator & begin to paint Leave hospital: socialize with old school friends join the Mexican Communist Party (PCM) meet Diego Rivera Marry Rivera (1928) Late 1920s early 1930s: travel through Mexico and the US help develop her own style of art 1938 first solo exhibition in New York 1939 exhibition in Paris Death: at the age of 47 (1953) While writing, you can revisit the sections in your book New Language Leader Pre-Intermediate UNIT 2 and UNIT 3, and this handout for the appropriate language structures and vocabulary. Use at least four of the items given in the box below. (You may also use the ones in WHO 1): before after because during while until when then afterwards 13

14 STEP 1: WRITE YOUR TEXT Frida Kahlo S-V Cap. & P C STEP 2: PEER EDITING Exchange your papers. Underline the mistakes. DO NOT correct your friend s sentences. Mark (X) for the problem areas. Mark ( ) if there aren t any problems. Guideline for peer editing. Key to the editing symbols: S-V Cap. & P C Subject Verb Agreement Capitalization and Punctuation Combining Ideas 14

15 STEP 3: SELF-EDITING & REVISING Get back to your own paper. Discuss the problem areas with your friend. Make your corrections and hand in your revised text to your instructor. Instructor s Notes Frida Kahlo STEP 4: INSTRUCTOR FEEDBACK 15