historical perspective 78 outcomes 81 rationale 78 technique 79 81

Transcription

1 Subject Index ALS, see Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Altius Electric Nerve Block, extremity pain management 151, 152 Amputation, see Postamputation pain Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), phrenic nerve therapy 75 Anxiety, vagus nerve therapy 24 Arm pain, see Extremity pain Avery Laboratories 3, 4, 65 Avery Mark IV Breathing Pacemaker System Back pain, see Low back pain Baroreflex activation therapy (BAT) 85, 86, 89, 90 BAT, see Baroreflex activation therapy Bion device 7 9 Botulin toxin chronic migraine management 118 overactive bladder management 197 Callosotomy, vagus nerve therapy outcomes versus vagus nerve in Lennox-like syndrome Carotid sinus/nerve anatomy 84 animal studies 88, 89 baroreflex mechanism heart failure 90 prospects for study 90, 91 rationale 84, 85 resistant hypertension clinical features 83, 84 outcomes 89 surgical technique 87 CH, see Cluster headache Cluster headache (CH), sphenopalatine ganglion therapy efficacy 111, 112 mechanism of action 112, 113 overview 109, 110 safety 112 technique 110 Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome, phrenic nerve therapy 68 Constipation, sacral nerve therapy 202, 208 Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) hypoglossal nerve outcome comparison sleep apnea management 98 CPAP, see Continuous positive airway pressure Cranioacial pain syndromes, classification 77 Depression, vagus nerve therapy dosing 55 informed consent 55 major depression complications 60, 61 outcomes patient criteria 55, 56 overview 24, 53, 54 Dorsal root ganglion (DRG), therapy analgesia mechanisms 219, 220 anatomy historical perspective 214 implantation 215, 217 neuropathic pain physiology 218, 219 trials 216 overview 213,

2 spinal cord comparison , 218 wireless for failed back surgery syndrome-related lumbar radiculitis 186, 187 DRG, see Dorsal root ganglion Epilepsy, vagus nerve therapy evidence-based medicine analysis adverse events 43, 44 outcomes study design historical perspective 21 Lennox-Gastaut syndrome Lennox-like syndrome overview 40 reflex eating seizure 50, 51 Extremity pain peripheral nerve Altius Electric Nerve Block 151, 152 Freedom 4 and 8 Stimulators 152, 153, 156 MicroPulse 153 SmartPatch 153 StimRouter 151, 155 long-term follow-up outcomes paddle insertion 150, 151 paddle lead peripheral nerve percutaneous peripheral nerve prospects 156 treatment overview Failed back surgery syndrome-related lumbar radiculitis, dorsal root ganglion wireless 186, 187 Fecal incontinence, sacral nerve therapy 201, 202, Food and Drug Administration, see Regulatory approval, peripheral nerve Freedom 4 and 8 Stimulators, extremity pain management 152, 153, 156 Frequency-urgency syndrome, sacral neuromodulation therapy 195 Gasserian ganglion cranioacial pain syndrome classification 77 historical perspective 78 outcomes 81 rationale 78 technique Headache, see Cluster headache; Migraine Heart failure, carotid sinus 90 HFAC block, see High-frequency alternating current block HGNS, see Hypoglossal nerve High-frequency alternating current (HFAC) block, postamputation pain management implantation technique outcomes 166 overview 160 parameter settings 164, 166 patient selection 163, 164 Humanitarian use device, see Regulatory approval, peripheral nerve Hypertension, see Carotid sinus/nerve Hypoglossal nerve (HGNS) breathing circuit 96, 97 sleep apnea clinical trials continuous positive airway pressure outcome comparison overview 97, 98 tongue anatomy and function IBS, see Irritable bowel syndrome Interstitial cystitis, sacral neuromodulation therapy 196 Investigational device exemption, see Regulatory approval, peripheral nerve Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), sacral nerve therapy 208 Leg pain, see Extremity pain Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), vagus nerve therapy for seizure Lennox-like syndrome (LLS), vagus nerve therapy for seizure LGS, see Lennox-Gastaut syndrome LLS, see Lennox-like syndrome Low back pain, peripheral nerve field advantages 136, 137 applications Subject Index

3 complications 136 lead depth outcomes analgesia use 135 functional outcomes 135, 136 pain indices 132, 134 patient satisfaction 135 patient selection 129 principles pulse generator implantation 131 trial procedure and programming 130, 131 Major depression, see Depression Medical Implant Communication Services (MICS), radiofrequency band 169 MicroPulse, extremity pain management 153 MICS, see Medical Implant Communication Services Migraine chronic migraine conventional therapy 118, 119 features 117, 118 occipital nerve therapy case series 120, 121 overview 119, 120 prospective randomized crossover study 121, 122 prospects for study 124 randomized sham-controlled clinical trials 122, 123 sphenopalatine ganglion therapy 113, 114 Multiple sclerosis, sacral neuromodulation therapy 195 Narcolepsy, vagus nerve therapy 25 NCP, see Neurocybernetic Prosthesis Neurocybernetic Prosthesis (NCP) 20, 25 Neurovascular headache, see Sphenopalatine ganglion OAB, see Overactive bladder Obesity, vagus nerve therapy 24 Obstructive sleep apnea anatomy 97 continuous positive airway pressure therapy 98 epidemiology 97, 98 hypoglossal nerve clinical trials continuous positive airway pressure outcome comparison Occipital nerve (ONS), chronic migraine management case series 120, 121 overview 119, 120 prospective randomized crossover study 121, 122 prospects for study 124 randomized sham-controlled clinical trials 122, 123 ONS, see Occipital nerve Overactive bladder (OAB), sacral neuromodulation therapy 195, 197 Peripheral nerve fiber anatomy 11 distance versus threshold current 12 fiber diameter and current 13, 14 parameters 12 stimulus current versus stimulus amplitude 13 types 170 Peripheral nerve field back pain management, see Low back pain peripheral nerve comparison 140 Peripheral nerve (PNS) amputation patients, see Postamputation pain back pain, see Low back pain carotid sinus and nerve, see Carotid sinus/nerve dorsal root ganglion, see Dorsal root ganglion extracellular potential at node of Ranvier 13 extremities, see Extremity pain historical perspective early 1 3 second-generation 3 5 overview 1, 2 percutaneous leads 5 7 hypoglossal nerve, see Hypoglossal nerve ideal device features implantable 7 9 Subject Index 241

4 limitations of technology 9, 10 occipital nerve, see Occipital nerve phrenic nerve, see Phrenic nerve regulatory approval of, see Regulatory approval, peripheral nerve sacral nerve, see Sacral neuromodulation sphenopalatine ganglion, see Sphenopalatine ganglion system elements 16 trigeminal nerve, see Gasserian ganglion vagus nerve, see Vagus nerve wireless, see Wireless Phrenic nerve Avery Mark IV Breathing Pacemaker System historical perspective 64, 65 indications 67, 68 outcomes 74 prospects 74, 75 surgical technique cervical technique complications 73 follow-up care 73 presurgical evaluation 68, 69 thoracoscopic technique 69, 70 PNS, see Peripheral nerve Polio, phrenic nerve therapy 75 Postamputation pain epidemiology 159 pathophysiology 159 peripheral neuromodulation therapy high-frequency electrical conduction block implantation technique outcomes 166 overview 160 parameter settings 164, 166 patient selection 163, 164 modes 160 Premarket approval, see Regulatory approval, peripheral nerve Premarket notification, see Regulatory approval, peripheral nerve Pulse generators implantable pulse generators 171, 172 implantation, see specific nerves radiofrequency pulse generator 171 regulation, see Regulatory approval, peripheral nerve transcutaneous electrical nerve 170, 171 wireless pulse generation, see Wireless Reflex eating seizure, see Epilepsy Regulatory approval, peripheral nerve approval status of by country , 235 Australia 234, 235 Canada 234, 235 European Union 235 overview 225, 226 prospects 236 United States Food and Drug Administration 225, 226, , 236 historical perspective 226, 230, 231 humanitarian use device 231 investigational device exemption 232 legislation 231, 232 premarket approval 231, 233 premarket notification Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) genitourinary problems applications frequency-urgency syndrome 195 interstitial cystitis 196 multiple sclerosis 195 overactive bladder 195, 197 spinal cord injury 195 children 197 contraindications 197 controversial issues 197 historical perspective 192, 193 internal pulse generator implantation 194, 195 percutaneous nerve evaluation 193 sexual function effects 196 stage one test 194 for bowel disorders complications 209 constipation 202, 208 fecal incontinence 201, 202, historical perspective Subject Index

5 implant techniques 203, 204 irritable bowel syndrome 208 mechanism of action 203 overview 200 patient selection 206 SCI, see Spinal cord injury SCS, see Spinal cord Seizure, see Epilepsy Sleep apnea, see Obstructive sleep apnea SmartPatch, extremity pain management 153 SNM, see Sacral neuromodulation SPG, see Sphenopalatine ganglion Sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) anatomy and physiology 107 cluster headache and therapy efficacy 111, 112 mechanism of action 112, 113 overview 109, 110 safety 112 technique 110 history of study 106, 107 migraine and therapy 113, 114 neurovascular headache role prospects for therapy 114, 115 Spinal cord injury (SCI) phrenic nerve therapy 67, 68, 74 sacral neuromodulation therapy 195 Spinal cord (SCS) back pain 127, 137 dorsal root ganglion comparison , 218 limitations 140, 141, 215 StimRouter, extremity pain management 151, 155 Tongue, see Hypoglossal nerve Topiramate, chronic migraine management 118 Trigeminal neuralgia, see Gasserian ganglion ; Wireless Vagus nerve (VNS) anatomy and physiology anti-inflammatory effects 25, 26 historical perspective 21 indications anxiety 24 depression, see Depression epilepsy, see Epilepsy narcolepsy 25 obesity 24 overview 20 surgical techniques anesthesiology 29, 30 complications 36 laryngoscopy evaluation 30 revisions 35 right-sided implantation 35 skin-to-skin procedure VNS, see Vagus nerve Wireless applications failed back surgery syndrome-related lumbar radiculitis 186, 187 sites for neuromodulation trigeminal neuralgia device design, placement, and function external pulse generator controller 178 features 177, 178 overview prospects lead design 188 market 190 miniaturization 191 novel applications 188, 189 programming 188 traditional system comparison 178, 179 trends 173, 174 wireless system criteria 172, 173 Subject Index 243

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