Updates on PulseNet International Activities
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- Roxanne Bridges
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1 Updates on International Activities Canada Gladys D. Gonzalez-Aviles, MS International Coordinator InFORM San Antonio, Texas November 20, 2013 National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Disease
2 84 member countries from 7 national and regional networks Canada Europe USA Latin America & Caribbean Africa Middle East Asia Pacific
3 Why having International Foodborne illnesses do not respect any borders: international trade, international travel International is a network of National and regional laboratory networks dedicated to tracking foodborne infections world-wide. Each laboratory utilizes standardized genotyping methods, sharing information in real-time. Global Meat Trade, source: Center for Global Food Issues Global aviation network. Source: Kilpatrick AM, et al. Drivers, dynamics, and control of emerging vector-borne zoonotic diseases. The Lancet 380:9857, 1-7 Dec 2012, pp
4 Objectives International Building molecular surveillance capacity for foodborne infections Partnering with WHO GFN International outbreak detection and response Pa rtnering with INFOSAN, ECDC & WHO GFN Communicating about suspected international spread, even in the absence of confirmed source Development, validation and implementation of global standardized subtyping methods Collaborative studies Governance Steering Committee Working groups
5 International Communication Steering Committee Working groups All Members Conference calls, Webinars The Public
6 Governance by the Steering Committee Members: Peter Gerner-Smidt (Chief, USA, Steering Committee Chair) Gladys Gonzalez-Aviles (International Coordinator) Mariana Pichel ( Latin America Co-Coordinator) Suleiman Al-Busaidy ( Middle East Coordinator) Brent Gilpin ( Asia Pacific, web-site manager) Kai Man Ka m ( Asia Pacific Coordinator) Anthony Smith ( Africa Coordinator) Johanna Takkinen( Europe Co-Coordinator) Celine Nadon ( Canada Coordinator) Eva Nielsen ( Europe Co-Coordinator) Enrique Perez ( Latin America Co-Coordinator) Duties divided in working groups: Website/web forum ; Next generation Method Evaluation and Implementation; Advocacy; Partnership; Outbreak Investigation/Communication; Training
7 International WGS working group: Initiative from the face-face meeting of the steering committee, Stockholm-Helsinki February 2013 Charge: to assess the NGS technology currently available, the different bioinformatics approaches for cluster detection and investigation. Suggest and lead projects to test them for their utility in Proposed members: Eva Nielsen, Martin Maiden, Katie Grant, Lee Katz, Efrain Ribot/Eija Trees, Celine Nadon/Gary Van Domselaar, Mariana Pichel and others Align with GMI progress Keep non-bioinformatician -users in mind Applications need to be simple and output readily understandable
8 84 member countries from 7 national and regional networks Real Time Surveillance Canada Europe USA Latin America & Caribbean Africa Middle East Asia Pacific Outbreak Response/ Linking outbreaks* * Some countries in the network have real time surveillance
9 International Food Contamination Happens! IMPORTED FOOD! INDIA Italy Mexico
10 PNI Outbreaks and Urgent Notifications 2012 Salmonella Newport Infections in Europe, February 2012: at the time of notification 30 cases, 1 death (Scotland, Ireland and Germany) Salmonella Herston Infections in South Africa, March 2012: rare serotype, at the time of notification 4 cases. Salmonella Bareilly infections in the USA, March 2012: linked to sushi from India, at the time of notification 76 cases, at the end of the investigation more than 500. Escherichia coli O157 infections linked to travel to Mexico, Canada April 2012: at the time of notification 4 cases. Salmonella Paratyphi B Infections in the USA, April 2012: request of information hypothesis possible travel exposure Vibrio cholera Infections in Zimbabwe, June 2012: a the time of notification 6 cases. INFOSAN alert Salmonella Oranienburg in GOS from Republic of Korea, July 2012 INFOSAN a lert Salmonella Stanley Infections in Europe: at the time of notification 22 cases Belgium, 34 cases Germany, 68 cases Hungary Listeria monocytogenes Infections in the USA linked to imported cheese from Italy, July 2012: at the moment of notification 6 cases, at the end of the investigation 20+. Listeria monocytogenes Infections in New Zealand, July 2012: at the time of notification 6 cases (3 died). Vibrio parahaemolyticus simultaneous outbreaks in Atlantic Coast of USA and Spain. Summer 2012 Shigella sonnei in Canada, August 2012: increment of cases in the Province of Ontario. Salmonella Weltevreden in Costa Rica, August 2012: at the time of notification 20 cases. Salmonella Braenderup Infections in the USA and Canada, August 2012: linked to mangos imported from Mexico Salmonella Typhimurium Infections in Denmark, September 2012: linked to beef Salmonella Thompson Infections in the Netherlands, September 2012: linked to salmon
11 PNI Outbreaks and Urgent Notifications 2013 (so far) Salmonella Cubana linked to sprouts in the USA (cluster on October 2012). Posted on January Salmonella Typhi linked to travel to India. Posted February 2013 E. coli O157 cluster in Hawaii Philippines descendance. Posted March 2013 Salmonella I 4,[5], 12:b:- var. L (+) tartrate+, 5 clusters in California mostly Vietnamese demographic. Posted March 2013 Salmonella Enteritidis in Argentina, linked to chicken rolls, matched PN-USA pattern JEGX Shigellae with decrease susceptibility to Azithromycin in the USA. Posted April, Salmonella Senftenberg outbreak linked to pistachios. Posted May 2013 (active investigation) Salmonella Mbandaka, Montevideo & Maastricht outbreak linked to Tahini Sesame Paste produced in Turkey. Posted May 2013 (active investigation, INFOSAN Alert) Listeria monocytogenes cluster in NYC associated to Cantonese speaking community. Posted May (active investigation)
12 Vibrio parahaemolyticus simultaneous outbreaks in Atlantic Coast of USA and Spain Summer 2012 Colla bora tion between CDC, FDA, ECDC, Environmental Agencies Outbreaks on the Atlantic Coast of USA (28 cases, 9 states) and Spain (51 illnesses, 9 lab confirmed). USA linked to shellfish harvested from Oyster Bay Harbor, NY 4/ /2012. Spanish outbreak linked to cooked seafood cooled using ice from untreated local sea water Unknown introduction of the strains in the Atlantic (before only PNW) NotI SfiI Strain Year Source Country Serotype tdh trh MLST ST F11-3A 1988 Environmental USA (WA) O4:K Clinical USA (WA) O4:K Clinical USA (WA) O4:K Clinical USA (WA) O4:K (b) 1997 Environmental USA (OR) O4:K CDC_2012V- USA (OBH Clinical 1109 NY) O4:K CDC_2012V- USA (OBH Clinical 1108 NY) O4:K CDC_M G 2012 Clinical USA (OBH- NY) O4:KUT CDC_2012V Clinical USA (CA) O4:KUT CDC_2012V Clinical USA (CA) O4:K CDC_2012V- USA (OBH Clinical 1134 NY) O4:KUT G Clinical Spain O4:K G Clinical Spain O4:K G Clinical Spain O4:K Ma rtinez-urtaza J., Baker-Austin C., Jones J.L., Gonzalez-Aviles, G.D., Depaola, A. Spread of Pacific Northwest Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strain. October New England Journal of Medicine. (
13 Vibrio parahaemolyticus simultaneous outbreaks in Atlantic Coast of USA and Spain Summer 2012 Explanations: importation and storage of live contaminated shellfish in local waters, ballast water movement, long distance oceanic transportation of strains into new regions Outbreaks correlated with warmer waters The two outbreak sites are close to the two biggest ports in the world Great example of the utility of PNI, data sharing and One Health Initiatives transportcity.wordpress.com April 28 th May 23 rd June 20th April 28 th May 23 rd June 20th
14 Salmonella Mbandaka, Montevideo and Maastricht linked to Tahini from Turkey
15 Salmonella Mbandaka and Salmonella Montevideo New Zealand USA Data provided by Dr. Brent Gilpin, New Zealand
16
17 Conclusions Works because: Standard laboratory protocols Standard analysis Standard database structure Network communication systems **But we are as strong as our weakest link***
18 Thank you Disclaimers: The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services For more information please contact Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA Telephone, CDC-INFO ( )/TTY: Web: National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases
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