INTERNATIONAL COLLATING CENTRE

Transcription

1 INTERNATIONAL BREEDERS MEETING INTERNATIONAL COLLATING CENTRE Animal Health Trust Information Exchange on Infectious Equine Disease Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, England Telephone: + 44 (0) extension 1266 or 1240 Fax: + 44 (0) Website: PLEASE CONTACT RICHARD NEWTON OR MAIRE O BRIEN ON THE ABOVE NUMBERS, OR maire.obrien@aht.org.uk TO SUBMIT REPORTING INFORMATION ARGENTINA AUSTRALIA Regret no report received for the THIRD quarter CANADA CHILE DENMARK A limited outbreak occurred during November and December at a riding school north of Copenhagen. Fifteen of the 50 horses on the premises were affected and two were euthanased.

2 2 FRANCE (Information supplied via the RESPE, the French network for epidemiosurveillance of equine diseases) Equine Herpes Virus-1(EHV-1) Neurological Disease On 2 nd October 2014, an outbreak of EHV-1 was confirmed in a riding school in Ille-et-Vilaine. The affected horse was an unvaccinated Halfinger. The horse showed clinical signs of ataxia and fever. A positive diagnosis was made by PCR on a nasal swab. Equine Herpes Virus-4 (EHV-4) Respiratory Disease Twelve outbreaks have been reported involving French Trotters (4), Thoroughbreds (1), French Saddlebreds (1) and Arabians (1) in Calvados, Cher, Landes, Loire-Atlantique, Maine-et-Loire, Mayenne, Oise, Orne and Essonne. Affected horses showed clinical signs of fever in two outbreaks, nasal discharge and fever hyperthermia in one outbreak, tachycardia and fever in one outbreak, fever, nasal discharge and coughing in one outbreak and respiratory syndrome in one outbreak. A positive diagnosis was made by PCR of a nasal swab. Leptospiral Abortion On 29 th November 2013, one case of leptospiral abortion was confirmed in Gard with diagnosis by PCR on placenta. Piroplasmosis Remains endemic in France. Four outbreaks have been reported involving French Saddlebreds (2), French Trotters (1) and Shetland ponies (1) in Calvados, Loire-Atlantique and Vienne. Affected horses showed clinical signs of abscessation, lymphadenopathy, fever and nasal discharge in one outbreak, coughing and fever in one outbreak and weakness, fever and oedema in one outbreak. Positive diagnoses were made by PCR on a nasal swab, pus or purulent nasal discharge. GERMANY Results received from Labor Dr Boese GmBh an HBLB CEMO registered laboratory Equine Herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) Abortion One diagnoses made by PCR on lochia (post parturient vaginal discharge). Equine Herpesvirus-4 (EHV-4) EHV-4 was confirmed in seven horses on four premises. Diagnoses were confirmed in six cases by PCR on nasal swabs and in one case by PCR on a conjunctival swab. Equine Influenza Two diagnoses were made in December in two adult crossbred horses; it was known that one of the horses had been vaccinated (reported previously in ICC interim report December 2013 #5). Salmonella spp. Salmonella was confirmed in a two year old mare with clinical signs that included fever and diarrhoea. A positive diagnosis was made by bacterial culture and PCR on a fecal sample.

3 3 Stangles was confirmed in a two year old mare with clinical signs that included fever and nasal discharge. A positive diagnosis was made by bacterial culture and PCR on a nasal swab. HONG KONG IRELAND (Republic of) Equine Herpes Virus (EHV-1) Abortion Four outbreaks of EHV-1 abortion were reported during the last quarter in Leinster (1), Ulster (1) and Munster (2) with six Thoroughbreds affected. Diagnosis was confirmed at post-mortem examination based on histopathology and virology. ITALY JAPAN Equine Herpes Virus-1 (EHV-1) Abortion An outbreak commenced on 12 th October 2013, with the last reported case on 28 th December Three Thoroughbreds and non-thoroughbreds on two premises were affected. The confirming laboratory was Hokkaido Hidaka Livestock Hygiene Service Centre with diagnosis by agent isolation. Two of the horses were vaccinated. NEW ZEALAND SINGAPORE SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH KOREA SPAIN

4 SWEDEN 4 SWITZERLAND Atypical Myopathy One horse was affected in November. TURKEY UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNITED KINGDOM Please note that all UK cases and outbreaks have already been notified via interim reports during the third quarter and since. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Clostridial enteritis Three outbreaks of C. perfringens type A infection and two of C. difficile, were diagnosed in Kentucky and reports of the disease were also received from several other states. Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis (EEE) The number of confirmed equine cases of EEE dropped sharply during the fourth quarter of 2013, with 40 cases diagnosed. The annual total of confirmed EEE cases was 183 with the highest number of cases recorded in South Carolina (49 cases), Florida (34 cases) and Georgia (25 cases). Equine Herpes Virus (EHV-1/-4) Serological evidence of EHV-1 and/or EHV-4 infection with or without clinical evidence of respiratory disease was found during the fourth quarter. Isolated cases of EHV-1 abortion were diagnosed on three premises in Kentucky. Two outbreaks of EHV myeloencephalopathy (EHM) were confirmed, one in November and the other in December. The first involved horses stabled at a racetrack in Pennsylvania. Several horses in two separate barns presented with fevers and neurological signs and non-neuropathogenic (A 2254 ) strain was reported to be responsible. The second EHM event occurred at a riding stable in North Carolina. Four horses died or were euthanased; there was also one clinical neurological case that recovered and five other febrile horses were identified. A neuropathogenic strain (G 2254 ) of EHV-1 was implicated. A limited number of cases of EHV-2 (6) and EHV-5 (4) were confirmed in Kentucky.

5 5 Equine Influenza Outbreaks of equine influenza were reported in a number of states including, but not exclusively California, Idaho and New Jersey. Infection was associated with mild to severe signs of disease in affected animals. Equine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (EME) The prevalence of infection with Neorickettsia risticii decreased significantly from the total of 47 cases recorded in the third quarter of the year. A single case was diagnosed in Texas. Equine Piroplasmosis (EP) Within the fourth quarter of 2013, only one Quarter Horse racehorse was found seropositive for Theileria equi infection. The number of horses confirmed as infected either with T. equi or B. caballi has dropped significantly within the past year according to testing data provided in the National Situation Report on EP compiled by the USDA. Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA) Serological evidence of EVA infection was found in breeding stock in Kentucky and Texas, but was not linked in any instance to clinical evidence of EVA. Lawsonia enteropathy The fourth quarter of 2013 saw an increase in the number of confirmed cases of L. intracellularis infection with 16 cases identified in Kentucky and one case confirmed in Ohio. Leptospirosis A total of six cases of leptospiral abortion were confirmed in Kentucky during the fourth quarter. Rhodococcal disease Infection with Rhodococcus equi is endemic and widely distributed in the USA but numbers of cases and outbreaks of the disease were not available for other states. (Six outbreaks were diagnosed in Kentucky.) Salmonellosis Salmonellosis is considered an endemic disease and cases and outbreaks continue to be diagnosed with 13 cases of Group B salmonella spp infection confirmed in Kentucky. Strangles is an endemic disease in the USA horse population. Outbreaks were reported from several states including Kentucky (3), Indiana (92), North Carolina (1) and Virginia (1). West Nile Encephalitis (WNE) The fourth quarter of 2013 saw a significant rise in the number of equine cases of WNE, increasing the national total from 173 to 373 cases. The disease was confirmed in 39 states with Texas (60), Oklahoma (41) and Montana (27) reporting the highest number of cases. VENEZUALA REGARDS INTERNATIONAL COLLATING CENTRE (Total pages = 5)