CHAPTER III HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF DENTAL COLLEGE LIBRARIES

Transcription

1 CHAPTER III HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF DENTAL COLLEGE LIBRARIES 3.1 Development of dental college libraries 3.2 Resources of digital information Free information on internet Open access information resources Subscription or Purchasable Traditional resources 3.3 Dental Council of India Function and duties of DCI 3.4 Location of Karnataka 3.5 Total number of BDS colleges in India 3.6 State wise number of BDS colleges in India 3.7 Total number of MDS colleges in Karnataka 3.8 Total number of health institution affiliated to RGUHS 3.9 Libraries and information Network in Karnataka 3.10 Branches in dental health 3.11 Dental Library Standards 3.12 Conclusion References 45

2 CHAPTER III HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF DENTAL COLLEGE LIBRARIES 3.1 DEVELOPMENT OF DENTAL COLLEGE LIBRARIES The health science libraries in India have to go long way to reach technology based and knowledge based libraries, which are commonly called as Digital Libraries or Virtual Libraries. The integrated health and academic information services need to be developed on par with changes in health care services including expectation of professionals. In India it would remain a dream if the adoption of the digital technology in library and information service becomes slow or not in pace with development. The libraries in developing and under developing countries are yet to evolve to meet the maximum information needs of academic, research and health care. As per the many studies the maximum information needs can be met if health science libraries are organized in context of national and regional networks. In addition, to provide opportunities for continuing education and exchange of ideas among professional libraries have to use faster communication and integrated tools. The collective action is the main stay in today s world; with institutionalization of networks (may be a formal or informal). Majority of the studies are reflecting concerns of the times and the impact on global information flow and management in the health sciences. Studies also stress more on need of greater understanding within the library community with better communication among colleagues, educational opportunities and other outcomes. The studies predominantly report that formation of personal networks among colleagues; the development of national and regional networks of libraries; education and participation through exchange of ideas; the documentation of medical information activities among both developed and underdeveloped countries. 46

3 The stress was more on creating opportunities for health sciences librarians to come together and exchanges of ideas and viewpoints. Networking is one of the most important function and opportunity to develop cooperative relationships with colleagues from other countries. The development of MEDLARS centers by the National Library of Medicine stipulates that technical criteria involving personnel, equipment, related resources and a user community with the use of an extensive computerized service helps the development of national and regional network. Hence, the general agreement of the literature is that national infrastructures should first be strengthened then linked together to from regional centers. The studies in 2000 s also reflect that activities of medical and health information centers stress more on new technology and the majors concerns in managing information, cooperation, resources and information services, Medical Librarianship; Education and Training, material resources development, role of health science libraries and information transfer. Various aspects in managing health science information are bibliographic control, collection development, technical processing, new technology, documentation of diseases prevalent in the respective area/region and data on medical plants that are not in published sources with regards each country has to work for local, regional and national infrastructures, national policies, resources sharing, and international cooperation. The studies also stress more on integrating health literature source into the national health system. Important discussion in technical literature and practice of health sciences libraries are also more on outreach to remote users, services to primary care physicians, hospitals, nurses and consumers and library services in developing countries. It also was pointed out that medical libraries in developing countries have lack of resources and use of new technology for online searching is yet to pick up and be affordable for widespread use among most developing countries. 47

4 With regards to education and training many studies point out that librarians compared services in developed versus under developing countries and need for training at both basic and advanced levels, particularly in consideration of new challenges from rapid changes in technology and integration of information services, are under conditions of deprivation. Programs such as clinical librarianship and computer-based information systems are still viewed as remote form practical consideration in developing and under-developed countries. In India the development of health science librarianship and status of health science libraries, with regards to relationships among colleagues, medical library associations and consortium including formal and informal condition are unstable, uncertain continuity and a weak structure. In shaping the future of the profession and the future of health care libraries, it needs careful action with mechanisms for accomplishing the goals. The issues of concern are role of health sciences libraries which linked to the dental librarian as a member of the health care delivery team. The formal training for dental library and information personnel need to be commensurate with the needs of each nation and as many levels as is appropriate to meet those needs. It is found that informing health professionals, students, administrators, and other users about library services and how to use the resources of information centers is very important for effective use. While providing education it is necessary to concentrate equally on both basic training and continuing education programs. There is an urgent need to facilitate the sharing and use of information resources using universal bibliographic control and universal availability of publications. New telecommunication and information handling technology are facilitating the flow of information, which needs to be institutionalized by establishing structured approach with the establishment of national focal points for network development, bibliographic control and human resources development. 48

5 3.2 RESOURCES OF DIGITAL INFORMATION In context of information particularly the digital information are classified as follows: Free information on Internet (www) Open access information resources Subscription or purchasable Traditional resources There are many free resources are available in internet some of the important ones are listed here Free information on Internet (www) Free medical and dental journals- over the next few years many important health journals will be available on line, free and in full-text. The unrestricted access to scientific knowledge will have a major impact on medical practice journals Open access resources Open access resources are freely available online to read, download, copy, distribute, and use (with attribution) any way you wish. BioMed Central (BMC) is one of the major sources of open access journals in the field of biomedical sciences for National Library of Medicine, USA. Public Library of Science (PLoS) is a nonprofit organization of scientists and physicians committed to making the world s scientific and medical literature a freely available public resource 49

6 3.2.3 Subscription/license/purchase of resources There are resources to be subscribed or licensed purchase from commercial publishers of the books and journals. There are various types of resources like journals are directly purchase to the publisher Traditional resources Traditional resources are like medical dictionaries or encyclopedias, drug information handbooks, basic medical and nursing textbooks and periodical literature for articles on health and medicine are used in India. Later the databases on CD-ROM and online on the web were finding place in library resources. a. Free online resources access is available in the following website and list of journals Website: DIRECTORY: 1 Contemporary Clinical Dentistry- Open Access Journal-FREE 2 World Journal of Dentistry 3 Annals and Essences of Dentistry- Free 4 Compendium of Continuing Dental Education 5 Journal of California dentistry - Free 6 Canadian Dental Journal-FREE 7 European Journal of Dentistry-FREE 8 The Journal of Oral Implantology 9 Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society.-FREE 10 Dentistry India- A Dental Council of India journal-free 11 Smile Dental Journal-FREE 12 Dental Practice-FREE 13 Colgate Oral Health Report -FREE 14 Dental Tribune News section -Free 15 Asia Pacific Dental News -Free, Need to register 50

7 16 Dental Asia Articles 17 Australian Dental Journal- Free (old issues) 18 Journal of contemporary Dental Practice- Free 19 Oral Health Journal- Free 20 Critical reviews in oral biology and medicine- Free old issues 21 Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry- Free 22 Indian Journal of Dental Research- Free 23 Dental Economics- Free also see online lectures 24 Dental Town- Free also online lecture 25 Dentistry today -Free, need to register b. Free online resources access is available in the following website and list of journals Website: Dental journals, newsletters, publications and information sources online: Dentistry 2000 is proud to present this comprehensive list of journals and publications that are available online to assist dentists and dental personnel maintain and improve their clinical and management skills. There is a wealth of information online and we intend on providing you the very best pre-screened links. DIRECTORY: 1 Adhesion Dentistry Newsletter 2 American Dental Association News Online 3 The Angle Orthodontist Home Page 4 Brazilian Dental Journal 5 British Journal of Orthodontics 6 Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 7 Journal of Dentistry for Children 8 Journal of Periodontology 9 Journal of Dental Research 51

8 c. Free online resources access is available in the following website and list of journals Free online dental journals A wide range of free medical and dental journals is available via PubMed central this service indexes and provides links to more than 300 online journals, free of charge. 1. Acta Orthopaedic issues available from spring 2000 to date. 2 American Journal of Public Health issues available from 1911 Vol. 1 to date. 3 Angle Orthodontist issues available from 1931 Vol 1(1) to date. 4 Annals and Essences of Dentistry issues available from 2009 Vol. 1 to date. 5 Brazilian Dental Journal issues available from 1990 Vol 1(1) to date. 6 Dental Economics issues available from 1999 Vol. 85(12) to date. 7 Dental Materials Journal issues from 1982 Vol. 1 to date. 8 Dental Practice Management - issues from spring 2001 to date. 9 Dental Research Journal issues available from 2005 Vol. 2(2) to date 10 Developing Dentistry issues available from 2001 Vol 2 to date. 11 Endodontology issues available from 2000 Vol 1(1) to date. 12 Indian Journal of Dental Research issues available from 2005 Vol. 16 to date. 13 International Journal of Dental Clinics - issues available from 2009 Vol 1 (1) to date. 14 International Journal of Oral Science issues from 2009 Vol. 1 to date. 15 Journal of Anatomy issues available from 1867 Vol 1(1) to Journal of Conservative Dentistry issues available from 2005 Vol. 8 to date. 17 Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health issues available from 1947 Vol. 1 to 2006 Vol Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences issues available from 2009 Vol. 1 to date. 19 Journal of Forensic Odontostomatology issues available from 2008 Vol. 26 to date. 52

9 20 Journal of the History of Dentistry issues available from 2000 Vol. 48 to date. 21 Journal of Implantology and Advanced Clinical Dentistry issues from 2009 Vol. 1 to date. 22 Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry issues from 1996 Vol. 14 to date. 23 Journal of the Indian Society of Periodontology issues available from 2008 Vol. 12 to date. 24 Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology issues available from 2003 Vol. 7 to date. 25 Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry issues available from 2009 Vol. 1 to date. 26 Pediatric Dental Journal issues available from 2004 Vol. 14 to date. 3.3 DENTAL COUNCIL OF INDIA (DCI) Dental Council of India is a Statutory Body incorporated under an Act of Parliament viz. The Dentists Act, 1948 (XVI of 1948) to regulate the profession of Dentistry. information:- Some of the relevant terms defined in the Act are reproduced below for Dentistry includes the performance of any operation on, and the treatment on any disease, deficiency or lesion of, human teeth or jaws, and the performance of radiographic or in connection with human teeth or jaws or the oral cavity: the giving of any anesthetic in connection with any such operation or treatment; The mechanical construction or the renewal of artificial dentures or restorative dental appliances; 53

10 The performance of any operation or, or the giving of any treatment, advice or attendance to any person preparatory to, or for the purpose of, or in connection with, the fitting, inserting, fixing, constructing, repairing or renewing of artificial dentures or restorative dental appliances, and the performance of any such operation and the giving of any such treatment, advice or attendance, as is usually performed or given by dentists; dentist means a person who practices dentistry: State Council means a State Dental Council constituted under section 21 of the Dentists Act, 1948, and includes a Joint State Council constituted in accordance with an agreement under section 22; register means a register maintained under the Dentists Act, 1948, recognised dental qualification means any of the qualifications included in the Schedule; recognised dental hygiene qualification means a qualification recognised by the Council under section 11 registered dentist, registered dental hygienist and registered dental mechanic shall mean, respectively, a person whose name is for the time being registered in a register of dentists, a register of dental hygienists and a register of dental mechanics FUNCTIONS & DUTIES OF THE DCI In consonance of the provisions of the Act, Dental Council of India is entrusted with the following duties: Maintenance of uniform standards of Dental Education both at Undergraduate and Postgraduate levels. It envisages inspections/visitations of Dental Colleges for permission to start Dental Colleges, increase of seats, starting of new P.G. courses (as per provisions of section 10A of the Act). To prescribe the standard curricula for the training of dentists, dental hygienists, dental mechanics and the conditions for such training; To prescribe the standards of examinations and other requirements to be satisfied to secure for qualifications recognition under the Act;(Dental Council of India website accessed on 8/9/2011) 54

11 3.4 LOCATION OF KARNATAKA The Karnataka is located in the southern part of India with the geographical are of 1, 91,791 sq. km and the population of 6,11,30,704 as per 2011 census scattered all over 30 districts. ( accessed on 8/9/2011) 3.5 TOTAL NUMBER OF BDS COLLEGES IN INDIA TABLE 3.1 TOTAL NUMBER OF BDS COLLEGES IN INDIA (Year: 2011) TOTAL NUMBER OF BDS COLLEGES IN INDIA GOVT. PRIVATE SANCTIONED ANNUAL INTAKE (Dental Council of India website accessed on 10/9/2011) 3.6 STATE WISE NUMBER OF BDS COLLEGES IN INDIA TABLE 3.2 STATE WISE NUMBER OF BDS COLLEGES IN INDIA (Year: 2011) NO STATE NO OF BDS COLLEGES GOVT PRIVATE SANCTIONED ANNUAL INTAKE 1 Andhra Pradesh Assam Bihar Daman and Div Chandigarh Chhattisgarh Delhi Goa Gujarath Harayana Himachal Pradesh

12 NO STATE NO OF BDS COLLEGES GOVT PRIVATE SANCTIONED ANNUAL INTAKE 12 Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Orissa Pondicherry Punjab Rajasthan Tamilnadu Uttar Pradesh Uttaranchal West Bengal TOTAL (Dental Council of India website: accessed on 11/9/2011) 3.7 TOTAL NUMBER OF MDS COLLEGES IN KARNATAKA TABLE 3.3 TOTAL NUMBER OF MDS COLLEGES IN KARNATAKA (Year: 2011) TOTAL NUMBER OF MDS COLLEGE IN TOTAL SUBJECTS SANCTIONED ANNUAL INTAKE KARNATAKA (Dental Council of India website: accessed on 13/9/2011) 56

13 3.8 THE NUMBER OF HEALTH SCIENCE INSTITUTIONS TABLE 3.4 THE NUMBER OF HEALTH SCIENCE INSTITUTIONS AFFLIATED TO RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, BANGALORE. (Year: 2011) SR. NO HEALTH SCIENCE INSTITUTIONS TOTAL 1 Medical colleges 49 2 Dental colleges 46 3 Ayurvedic colleges 76 4 Pharmacy colleges 78 5 Nursing colleges Homeopathic colleges 13 7 Unani 5 8 Naturopathy and yogic science 4 9 Physiotherapy colleges Medical laboratory technology Radiography colleges Operation Theatre Technology Colleges Perfusion Technology colleges Anesthesia Technology Colleges Master of Hospital Administration Respiratory Care Technology Colleges Renal dialysis Colleges Cardiac Care Colleges Neuro Sciences Colleges Psycho Social Rehabilitation colleges Bachelor in Prosthetics and Orthotics colleges Imaging Technology colleges Echo Cardiography colleges Master in Public Health colleges 01 (Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, website accessed on 20/9/2011) 57

14 3.9 LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION NETWORK IN KARNATAKA The digital library network of Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore (Karnataka) functioning network facility, practically covers the resources of periodical literature which helps post graduate students and faculty members only. HELINET consortium is subscribing to 526 e-journals and e-resources representing Science Direct, MD consult, LWW, ADIS, BMJ, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford University Press, Springer, Informa Healthcare etc. Further, the e-learning modules developed by RGUHS in collaboration with WHO along with the additional links to useful free online resources such as Medline/PubMed, NLM Resources, Popline, IndMed, Directory of Databases, WHO Library databases, Encyclopedias, Dictionaries, Interactive Health tutorial etc., is also provided under HELINET consortium homepage for wider access of various public domain websites for the benefits of academic community of our affiliated colleges. The basic problems of health science library development in India are due to outdated guidelines of Medical Council of India and Dental council of India, which were almost derived 24 years back. The Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka in a workshop has prepared guidelines to bring uniform standards in health science libraries among all its affiliated institutions for achieving the objectives of their parent institutions. The guideline includes all aspects such as organizing, maintaining, collection development including e-resources/web resources ICT S, physical resources user services, manpower provisions, financial management and other essential provisions, including status of library as department and librarian as Head of the Department (HOD)on par with other department.(rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, website accessed on 21/9/2011) 58

15 3.10 BRANCHES IN DENTAL HEALTH BDS (Bachelor of Dental Surgery) This program is of 4 years duration followed by 1 year compulsory rotating internship. A wide range of courses like basic Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Microbiology are taught. Specialization dentistry and hands-onpractice are during the two final semesters MDS (Master of Dental Surgery) This programme is of 3 years duration. This specialization can be done under following branches: 1 Community dentistry: This branch specializes with dental issues of community. Various researches programmes are done under this branch. 2 Conservative dentistry and Endodontics: This branch specializes in conservation of tooth and esthetics. 3 Oral Medicine and Radiology: This branch specializes in diagnosis and medical management of patients with systemic disorders involving oral muscosa and salivary glands. It is also deals with radiological diagnosis. 4 Oral Pathology: This branch deals with various pathologies and anomalies encountered in oral cavity. 5 Oral Surgery: This branch deals with surgical aspects required in treating the problems of head and neck. 6 Orthodontics and dentofacial Orthopaedics : This branch deals with correction of anamolies of irregular or malaligned teeth and also the related bones. 7 Pedodontics : This branch deals with oral and psychological aspects of health of children and adolescents. 8 Periodontics : This branch deals with structures that surround the tooth and support it. 9 Prosthodontics : This branch deals with prosthetic replacements required of oral cavity, head and neck. 59

16 3.11 DENTAL LIBRARY STANDARDS INTRODUCTION As per the standards for hospital libraries 2002, evolved under the Chairmanship of Gluck (2002), aimed to ensure that hospital have the resources and services to effectively meet their needs for knowledge-based information. The dental library should be directed by a qualified librarian who functions as a department head and is a member of the Academy of Health Information Professionals to link between knowledge-based information and other function such as patient care, patient education, performance improvement and education, promotion and publicity of the knowledge-based information services, and the physical space and staffing requirements. In an IT based services it require new strategies, strategic planning, allocation of adequate resources, and selection and evolution of appropriate information resources and technologies. The Dental Hospital Library Standards Committee has developed this document as a guideline to be used in facing these challenges. The current expert information and standards are based on benchmarks, best practices, guidelines and consensus development statements and to support patient care, managerial and strategic decision making, performance improvement and patient safety, lifelong learning and professional competence of hospital and medical staff, patient and family education and research initiatives. The standards Committee of the Dental Section of the Medical Library Association prepared the Guidelines for Libraries Serving Dental Education Programs as a reference document. The guidelines are designed to assist librarians and their institutions in completing the Commission on Dental Accreditation self-study report in the following three programs: 1 Dental education programs, 2 Other academic programs leading to a Bachelor s, Master s or Doctoral Degree in Dental education. 60

17 The standards Committee used selected guidelines developed for dental college and university libraries. The standards approved by the association of College and Research Libraries Board of Directors in (Love, E., 1987) DEFINITION : STANDARDS Standards: Offers a rule or basis of comparison established in measuring or judging capacity, quantity, quality, content and value; criterion used as a model or pattern. Wessels, KE., (1964) has given the following dental standards are: OBJECTIVES 1 The term library as used in this document, whether functioning administratively as a separate dental library, is defined as a legally established operation of the parent institution. The library should be designated area of rooms or buildings within the institution; and its mission, activities, and mode of operations. 2 The minimum standards for accreditation in dental education it must have a defined collection which be established as either (i) part of the collection of a separate health sciences or dental library; (ii) part of an integrated collection of a combined health sciences library; or (iii) part of the collection in a college library. 3 The development of library objectives shall be the responsibility of the library staff, in consultation with faculty, students and administrative officers THE COLLECTION 1 The collection should be housed in a library or libraries located in either the parent institution or in an affiliated educational institution such as a college or university. 2 The library collection should be comprised of all types of recorded information, including print materials in all formats, audiovisual materials, 61

18 machine-readable materials utilizing new technology such as CD-ROM disc, data on computer software and videodiscs. 3 The dental book collection shall include current textbooks, reference book; monographs published within the last ten years in the English language and cover all the subject areas of oral health. Access to interlibrary loan services to large dental collections with related reference books, theses, conference proceedings and workshops. 4 The periodical (serial or journal) collection should be current with back issues and in the English language. 5 The reference collection should include the Index to Dental Literature in print or electronic format and other selected printed indexes, reference books, dictionaries, directories, bibliographies and handbooks ACQUISITION, ORGANIZATION AND MAINTENACNE OF COLLECTIONS 1 The library professional staff shall be responsible for all aspects of collection development within the library, which include the selection, acquisition and withdrawal of library materials. 2 All library materials shall be purchased and processed through the appropriate departments of the separate dental library. 3 The collection should be classified and cataloged according to a standard classification system. 4 There shall be a card, online or other machine readable catalog of the library complete collection which permits easy identification and retrieval of items by author, title, subject, key word, call number or any combination of these. 5 The current collection shall be easily identifiable and arranged for efficient retrieval. 6 The library collection should be housed under environmental conditions which help to preserve and conserve the print and not-print materials. 62

19 PERSONNEL 1 The library staff (professional and support) shall be of high quality and in sufficient numbers to meet the changing needs of the library primary users, changes in the curriculum, changes in programs and services offered by the library. 2 Librarians, including the director, shall have a graduate degree from American Library Association accredited program. 3 Librarians should participate in professional activities which contribute to the parent institution and the professions of librarianship. The institution should provide adequate financial support for the professional development of the library staff. 4 Library policies and procedures concerning library staff shall be in accord with institutional guidelines and sound personnel management USER SERVICES 1 The library shall establish and maintain in range and quality of services to support the institutions teaching, research, and patient care programs and encourage optimal library use. 2 The library shall collect and maintain a reference collection that supports the academic programs of the parent institutions. 3 The library staff shall provide information and instruction to the user through orientation sessions, individualized or group instruction and workshops. 4 The library should provide resources, services, or referral in support of continuing education for the dental hygiene program graduate of the parent institution and dental practitioners in the community FACILITES 1 The parent institution shall provide adequate housing for the dental collection in either a separate library, a combined health sciences library, or a college library. 63

20 2 The library shall provide adequate and well-planned study and reading space for its users. 3 The library shall provide sufficient office and workroom space for the library staff. 4 The library should furnish and maintain facilities and equipment such as microcomputers, CD-ROM technology, telecommunication and telefacsimile. etc ADMINISTATION 1 The responsibility and flow of authority under which the library is empowered to act shall be recognized in writing. This may be documented in the institution s bylaws, trustees minutes, or a public law. 2 The library should articulate its roles and functions through written mission statements, goals, and objectives. These statements should be evaluated regularly and revised every five to ten years. 3 The library shall be administered in a manner which permits and encourages the fullest and most effective use of the library s and institutions available resources. 4 Job tasks and responsibilities of each library staff member shall be defined in writing by the library administration in consultation with the library staff and other relevant personnel agencies of the institution. 5 The library shall maintain a procedure guide for its staff covering internal and external operations. 6 The library should publish an annual report which is made available to the institution and its members. 7 The library committee should be made up of representatives from different departments and /or specialties and should include at least one student. 8 The librarian should participate actively in institutional meetings and committees. 64

21 BUDGET 1 The operating budget for the library must be adequate to provide staff salaries and wages which are competitive regionally and nationally. 2 The library s budget must also provide funds for equipment and supplies, development of new library programs and services, maintenance of ongoing library services and programs, professional development of the library staff and the acquisition of informational materials and resources. 3 The library s budget must be competitive with other area institutions in order to attract and maintain experienced and qualified staff. 4 A policy statement shall indicate who is responsible for the preparation and administration the library s budget. The following general standards are adopted by the dental libraries are: STANDARD 1: The library services as the primary department responsible for developing systems and services to meet the knowledge-based information (KBI) need of the organization. The library has it own budget, and the Director, as a department head, reports to the senior management of the organization. STANDARD 2: Knowledge-based information (KBI) systems and services are directed by a qualified librarian. Membership in the Academy of Health Information Professionals is preferred. STANDARD 3: The staffing of library staff should be based on Clinical library services Community health services Audiovisual and information technology application Hospital wide internet and intranet sites STANDARD 4: The librarian, as the key Knowledge-based information (KBI) professional in the organization, is an active member of the information management teams. 65

22 STANDARD 5: Evidence demonstrates effective connections between KBI and patient care and patient education, performance improvement and patient safety functions, educational functions for hospital and dental staff, and other appropriate functions. STANDARD 6: The librarian provide evidence of an ongoing assessment of the KBI needs of the organization and the development and implementation of a plan to provide appropriate resources, services and technology to meet those identified needs. STANDARD 7: The library actively promotes KBI services and resources to all user groups. STANDARD 8: All KBI functions are performed in compliance with applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations. STANDARD 9: KBI resources are available to clinical staff twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. STANDARD 10: Physical library will be large enough to accommodate the library staff, the in house collection, an appropriate amount and selection of personal computers or other information technology hardware, and seating for an appropriate number of users. A separate office will be provided for at least the professional library staff CONCLUSION The present stress more on realistic self-evaluation, reflecting the expectations, great efforts of the good dental librarians, in dental library world, such a landmark library facility, description of many notable libraries, a study of library automation and networking in dental college library education and presentation of the special problems in dental library work. The study helps to further our knowledge through its discussion about the results and the international guidelines for dental libraries. Beyond learning and communicating, it stress the use of dental libraries as benchmarks in cooperating, planning, and to WHO objective of Health for all by the year In accepting these challenges, the study implies that dental information professionals are an integral part of the health care team and should contribute to both the policy making and functional roles. 66

23 REFERENCES 1 Brithsh Dental Association, London accessed on 10/03/ BioMed Central, London accessed on 03/03/ Dental Council of India, New Delhi accessed on 8/9/ Dentistry 2000, USA accessed on 8/03/ Free Medical Journals accessed on 01/02/ Healthmantra accessed on 06/03/ Love, E., (1987). Academic Health Sciences Library and Medical Library Association challenge to action planning and evaluation guidelines for academic health sciences libraries. Chicago: Association of Academic Health Sciences Library Directors and the Medical Library Association, Public Library of Sciences, USA on 05/03/ Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore. accessed on 20/9/ Wessels, KE., (1964) Objectives and standards for dental school libraries. American Association of Dental Schools Annual Meeting. 67

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