ASK AN EXPERT THINGS YOU WANT TO KNOW
|
|
- Edwin O’Neal’
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ASK AN EXPERT THINGS YOU WANT TO KNOW Q BJÖRN U. ZACHRISSON OSLO, NORWAY A Mndiulr third molrs nd lte lower rch crowding the evidence se The issue of the influence of unerupted third molrs on the dentition hs long een controversil one. There is not much dete tht symptomtic or pthologiclly involved third molrs necessitte removl. On the other hnd, wisdom teeth hve een ccused of cusing tooth displcement nd orthodontic relpse. Studies hve shown tht the force exerted y erupting third molrs is not significnt enough to influence the nterior dentition. Yet, there re still mny prctitioners who recommend the extrction of symptomtic unerupted third molrs. Wht re the current recommendtions concerning the extrction of symptomtic third molrs? Is there consensus in the dentl profession? Wht is your position on tht topic? Jules E. Lemy III, Sherrooke, Quéec, Cnd Etiology of lte mndiulr incisor crowding The etiology of postpuertl mndiulr crowding in oth orthodonticlly treted nd untreted persons is multifctoril. The cuses of reduced rch dimensions my vry from one suject to nother, nd severl fctors cting together or t different stges of development my contriute to lte mndiulr crowding. In n excellent literture overview, Richrdson 1 concluded tht, during the teenge yers, pressure from the ck of the rch is n importnt cuse of lte mndiulr incisor crowding. Such pressure my cuse forwrd movement of the uccl teeth with shortening of the dentl rch nd n increse in crowding. 2 7 The pressure my e due to vrious fctors including (1) physiologic mesil drift, (2) the nterior component of the force of occlusion on mesilly inclined teeth, (3) the mesil vectors of musculr contrction, or (4) the presence of developing third molr. Other possile etiologic fctors include (5) lte mndiulr growth, (6) skeletl morphology nd complex growth ptterns, (7) soft tissue mturtion, (8) periodontl forces, (9) tooth morphology, (10) occlusl fctors, nd (11) connective tissue chnges. 8 In persons who hve received orthodontic tretment, relpse fter lterl rch expnsion nd/or incisor proclintion is yet nother reson for posttretment mndiulr incisor crowding
2 Fig 1 Averge eruption pth of the mndiulr first molr from childhood to dulthood () ccording to implnt mrker superimpositions y Björk nd Skieller 15 (reprinted y permission), nd () rcil growth nlysis y Ricketts et l. 14 Note tht the molrs erupt in mesil nd upwrd direction (compre with solid rrows in Fig 4). Wekness of presently ville clinicl third molr reserch Due to the mny possile vriles involved in lte mndiulr rch crowding, direct evidence for significnt cuse-nd-effect reltionships of ny single fctor is extremely difficult to estlish in reserch project. This is the min reson for the controversy tht presently exists in our profession. Filure to isolte the third molrs from ll other etiologic fctors in crefully controlled clinicl study is the min reson for the confusion. Furthermore, mechnicl tooth movement in nonextrction cses or premolr extrction with or without mechnicl tretment introduces so mny new vriles into the eqution tht the effect of third molrs on crowding is likely to e msked. Consequently, severl recent studies were unle to demonstrte tht third molrs exert pressure on the teeth mesil to them For exmple, two well-known studies sed on the Settle mteril 10,11 concluded tht the presence of third molrs does not produce more mndiulr nterior crowding thn in ptients with third molr genesis. However, the illustrtions in oth reports showed cses in which considerle expnsion of the mndiulr intercnine width hd een performed during the orthodontic tretment. Such cses re likely to relpse fter tretment nd retention, with resultnt nterior crowding. In my opinion, more pproprite conclusion from these studies would e tht lterl expnsion of norml mndiulr 3-3 distnce during orthodontic tretment will led to postretention crowding, whether third molrs re present or not. Effect of erupting third molrs on eruption pttern of the first molrs A more dissective pproch to the controversy my e to look t the effect of erupting second nd third molrs on the continued eruption pttern of the mndiulr first molrs. Bsed on severl reports, there is evidence tht the norml verge eruption pth of the mndiulr first molrs is in n upwrd nd mesil direction 14,15 (Fig 1). This eruption continues during the time when the third molrs re emerging into the orl cvity. In longitudinl study of girls from 9 to 25 yers of ge, Iseri nd Solow 16 demonstrted tht the eruption of first molrs nd incisors continued until the end of the oservtion period t ge 25, nd showed no evidence of hving terminted t tht time. Since the mndiulr first molrs continue their eruption in persons etween 20 nd 30 yers of ge, the potentil influence of the eruptive pressure from third molrs on the tendency to forwrd movement of the uccl segments nd nterior crowding cn e studied in clinicl experiments in which the mndiulr second or third molrs re extrcted. 3,4,6 Such studies hve provided evidence tht the presence of developing third molr my indeed e one of the cuses of incresed mndiulr rch crowding. Furthermore, the incidence of such crowding my e reduced y extrction of the second or third molr. 181
3 c Fig 2 Cephlometric method () nd superimposition trcing () used y Richrdson nd Mills 17 to nlyze how extrction of mndiulr second molrs will ffect the eruption pttern of the first molrs, nd (c) photo documenttion method used y Schwrze 3,4 for computer nlysis of the 3-dimensionl positionl chnges. Men forwrd movement of the mndiulr first molrs is reduced fter second or third molr extrction (see text). Fig 3 Typicl effect on tooth positions severl yers fter erly extrction (t out 8 yers of ge) of crious mndiulr first molrs in nonorthodontic cse. Note distl drift of the second premolrs, which now contct the second molrs. Fig 4 Digrmmtic representtion of the sptil reltionship etween third molrs () nd the continued forwrd nd upwrd eruption of the mndiulr first nd second molrs (). When third molrs re extrcted, the first nd second molrs erupt in more distl direction (ex) thn normlly (solid rrow). Conversely, when third molrs re llowed to erupt, the first nd second molrs will erupt in more mesil direction (er) thn norml. The molr eruption continues into the second nd third decdes. 16 Using mesurements from 60-degree ngled cephlogrms, which give consistently cler picture of the molr re on ech side nd provide more relile structurl superimpositions thn lterl cephlogrms (Fig 2), Richrdson nd Mills 17 showed tht when the second molrs were extrcted, the mesil movement of the first molrs ws significntly reduced (Fig 2). More recently, Richrdson 8 demonstrted tht in ptients etween 12.5 nd 15.5 yers of ge who demonstrted incresed mndiulr incisor crowding, there ws significntly more forwrd movement of the second molr, nd greter increse in the interincisl ngle, thn in sujects who hd no increse in mndiulr incisor crowding during the sme period. This evidence supports tht mesilly directed force is n importnt cuse of incresed mndiulr incisor crowding in the erly teenge yers. Similrly, Schwrze, 3 using photo documenttion nd computer nlysis of 3-dimensionl tooth movement in reltion to the third pltinl ruge (Fig 2c), showed less mesil movement of the first molrs in group of 56 ptients in whom the third molrs were extrcted etween 12 nd 22 yers of ge thn in group of 49 nonextrction cses. How cn third molrs ffect the forwrd movement of the uccl segments? We recll from the times when cries were rmpnt tht fter erly extrction of crious mndiulr first molrs, the mndiulr second premolrs could sometimes occur in contct with the second molrs some yers lter (Fig 4). When spce ecomes ville, mndiulr posterior teeth my spontneously drift in distl direction. A similr mechnism is likely when impcted developing third molrs re extrcted. Figure 4 indictes how mndiulr third molr eruption (pointed rrow) or extrction (dshed rrow) my ffect the continued eruption pth of the mndiulr second nd first molrs. If pressure from n erupting third molr chnges the pth of first molr eruption to 182
4 c Fig 5 Prolonged retention with onded lingul retiners in Clss II, Division 1 premolr extrction cse, while witing for full eruption of third molr in close proximity to the mndiulr second molr. Pnormic overviews t 13 (), 19 (), nd 22 yers of ge (c). Fig 6 Typicl ge chnge in reltionship etween mndiulr third nd second molrs. At ge 9 (), third molr germs (rrows) re ove the second molrs in this ptient; fter tretment, t ge 17 (), they re elow the second molrs (rrows). The sptil reltionships reflect the mgnitude of mndiulr molr eruption during this 8-yer time period, since the third molrs re sttionry in the jw. c Fig 7 The sptil reltionships etween the mndiulr third nd second molrs etween 8 to 10 yers of ge () re optiml for third molr germectomy (,c). The third molr cn generlly e oserved s white ring (solid rrow in ) when the second molr ifurction re clcifies (dshed rrow in ). more mesil upwrd direction, nd if the incisors do not come forwrd to the sme extent, mndiulr incisor crowding will result. It my e recommended, therefore, to keep onded mndiulr retiner in plce until the third molrs hve erupted properly (Fig 5). Fctors other thn relief of pressure from n erupting third molr cn ply role. Spontneous chnges in molr eruption ptterns my e expected when more distl spce ecomes ville in the rches. 17 Mngement strtegy for third molr removl For prcticl resons, there re only two lterntives for third molr removl ssocited with orthodontic therpy: either (1) etween 8 to 10 yers of ge when these teeth re germs nd locted ove the second molrs (Figs 6, 7, 8, 9d) or (2) etween 20 to 25 yers of ge, or older, with the third molrs re in prtilly erupted position. In the time period etween 10 nd 20 yers of ge, the third molrs re locted elow the second molrs (Figs 5, 6) nd their removl my e unnecessrily trumtic for the ptient. Impcted disese-free third molrs my sfely e left in situ, indefinitely, in dults. 18,19 However, erly extrction of impcted third molrs is indicted in cses with root resorption in second molrs djcent to nonerupted third molrs. This is especilly true in cses with mesiongultion of 60 degrees or more nd n picl loction in proximity to the distl root of the second molr
5 Fig 8 Spontneous uprighting of the mndiulr second molrs (,c) fter ilterl third molr germectomy t 10 yers of ge. Pnormic overviews efore germectomy () nd t follow-ups t 10 yers 8 months () nd 11 yers 2 months of ge (c), when orthodontic tretment ws strted. (d) Dentition fter orthodontic tretment t 14 yers 3 months of ge. Note tht the spontneous chnge in xil inclintion of the second molrs ( to c) ws mintined during the orthodontic tretment (d). c d Effect of germectomy of third molrs The mndiulr third molr germs occupy spce. If they re extrcted, this spce cn e used for spontneous (Fig 8) or ctive uprighting of the mndiulr second molrs nd posterior uccl segments (Fig 9). Figures 9 nd 10 show girl, 10 yers of ge, with full Clss II, Division 2 mlocclusion nd imxillry crowding. The cse ws treted with highpull hedger nd custom-mde trnspltl rch fter ilterl mndiulr third molr germectomy, nd prevention of the norml mesil migrtion of the first molrs with holding rch, using the ville leewy spce to resolve the nterior crowding. The chnge in xil inclintion of the mndiulr molrs with tretment is evident (Figs 9d to 9i). Conclusions The scientific evidence ville t present supports the following conclusions regrding the role of mndiulr third molrs in spce conditions in orthodontics: A mesilly directed force is n importnt cuse of the incresed mndiulr rch crowding in teenge nd young dult persons. The presence of developing mndiulr third molr with insufficient spce cn e one cuse of lte mndiulr rch crowding. The key to understnding the effect of n erupting mndiulr third molr on the occlusion lies in 3-dimensionl nlysis of the forwrd nd upwrd eruptive movement of the mndiulr uccl segments, which continues into the second nd third decdes of life. Erly extrction of mndiulr third molrs my mke the teeth in the mndiulr posterior segment erupt in less mesil direction. Mndiulr third molrs occupy spce. If these teeth re extrcted, the spce cn e used for distl uprighting of the mndiulr uccl segments in nonextrction therpy. Impcted disese-free third molrs my sfely e left in situ, indefinitely, in dults. None of the presently ville studies on third molrs nd crowding is optimlly designed to isolte the effect of the molr eruption from the multitude of other contriuting fctors, nd therefore the conclusions in these studies pprently do not estlish the true reltionship etween third molr eruption nd incresed mndiulr crowding. 184
6 c d e f g h i Fig 9 Young girl with Clss II, Division 2 mlocclusion nd imxillry crowding ( to c) treted without premolr extrctions y using leewy spce fter ilterl germectomy of mndiulr third molrs. Pnormic overview efore germectomy t 9 yers 6 months of ge (d). A 2 x 4 holding rch ws used in the mndile, llowing distl eruption of the second premolrs (e,f). The distl molr reltionship ws treted y mens of high-pull hedger nd customized trnspltl rch. (g to i) Pnormic overviews t 11 yers 8 months of ge, end of tretment t 13 yers 6 months of ge, nd t follow-up t 15 yers 6 months of ge, respectively. Note upright xil inclintion of mndiulr second nd first molrs during nd fter tretment (d to i). c d e f Fig 10 Sme cse s in Fig 9, t the end of orthodontic tretment. Gold-coted lingul retiner wires in oth dentl rches (d,e), plus removle plte, were used for retention. 185
7 REFERENCES 1. Richrdson ME. The etiology of lte lower rch crowding lterntive to mesilly directed forces. Am J Orthod Dentofcil Orthop 1994;105: Bergström K, Jensen R. The significnce of third molrs in the etiology of crowding. Trns Eur Orthod Soc 1966: Schwrze CW. The influence of third molr germectomy comprtive long-term study. Trns 3rd Int Orthod Congress. London: Crosy Lockwood Stples, 1975: Schwrze CW. Nchuntersuchungsefunde ei Ptienten mit Extrktion zweiter Molren. Fortschr Kiefer orthop 1980;41: Lindqvist B, Thilnder B. Extrction of third molrs in cses of nticipted crowding in the lower jw. Am J Orthod 1982;81: Richrdson ME. The effect of lower second molr extrction on lte lower rch crowding. Angle Orthod 1983;53: Richrdson ME. The role of the third molr in the cuse of lte lower rch crowding: A review. Am J Orthod Dentofcil Orthop 1989;95: Richrdson ME. Lte lower rch crowding in reltion to skeletl nd dentl morphology nd growth chnges. Br J Orthod 1996;23: Little RM, Riedel RA, Årtun J. An evlution of chnges in mndiulr nterior lignment from 10 to 20 yers postretention. Am J Orthod 1988;93: Kpln RG. Mndiulr third molrs nd postretention crowding. Am J Orthod 1976;70: Ades AG, Joondeph DR, Little RM, Chpko MK. A long-term study of the reltionship of third molrs to chnges in the mndiulr dentl rch. Am J Orthod Dentofcil Orthop 1990;97: Hrrdine NWT, Person MH, Toth B. The effect of extrction of third molrs on lte lower incisor crowding: A rndomized controlled tril. Br J Orthod 1998;25: vn der Schoot EAM, Kuitert RB, vn Ginkel FC, Prhl-Andersen B. Clinicl relevnce of third permnent molrs in reltion to crowding fter orthodontic tretment. J Dent 1997;25: Ricketts RM, Bench RW, Gugino CF, Hilgers JJ, Schulhof RJ. Bioprogressive Therpy. Denver: Rocky Mountin Orthodontics, Björk A, Skieller V. Norml nd norml growth of the mndile: A synthesis of longitudinl cephlometric implnt studies over period of 25 yers. Eur J Orthod 1983;5: Iseri H, Solow B. Continued eruption of mxillry incisors nd first molrs in girls from 9 to 25 yers, studied y the implnt method. Eur J Orthod 1996;18: Richrdson ME, Mills K. Lte lower rch crowding: The effect of second molr extrction. Am J Orthod Dentofcil Orthop 1990;98: Brickley MR, Shepherd JP. An investigtion of the rtionlity of lower third molr removl, sed on USA Ntionl Institutes of Helth criteri. Br Dent J 1996;180: Ahlqwist M, Gröndhl H. Prevlence of impcted teeth nd ssocited pthology in middle ged nd older Swedish women. Community Dent Orl Epidemiol 1991;19: Nemcovsky CE, Lifeld H, Zuery Y. Effect of non-erupted 3rd molrs on distl roots nd supporting structures of pproximl teeth. A rdiogrphic survey of 202 cses. J Clin Periodontol 1996;23: Hve question you would like to see fetured in this column? Send it to: T. M. Grer, Editor-in-Chief University of Illinois t Chicgo, College of Dentistry 801 South Pulin, M/C 842 Chicgo, Illinois 60612, USA or E-mil to: tgrer@uic.edu 186
Biomechanics Orthodontics
Biomechnics IN Orthodontics PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE Rm S. Nnd, BDS, DDS, MS, PhD Professor Emeritus Deprtment of Orthodontics College of Dentistry University of Oklhom Oklhom City, Oklhom Yhy S. Tosun,
More informationChanges in Occlusal Relationships in Mixed Dentition Patients Treated with Rapid Maxillary Expansion
Originl Article Chnges in Occlusl Reltionships in Mixed Dentition Ptients Treted with Rpid Mxillry Expnsion A Prospective Clinicl Study Jmes A. McNmr,Jr ; Luren M. Sigler b ; Lorenzo Frnchi c ; Susn S.
More informationAn Occlusal and Cephalometric Analysis of Maxillary First and Second Premolar Extraction Effects
Originl Article An Occlusl nd Cephlometric Anlysis of Mxillry First nd Second Premolr Extrction Effects Hoe Boon Ong, BDS (Sing), MDSc (Melb) ; Michel G. Woods, DDSc, FRACDS, FRACDS (Orth), DOrthRCS (Eng)
More informationSevere Gummy Smile with Class II Malocclusion Treated with LeFort I Osteotomy Combined with Horseshoe Osteotomy and Intraoral Vertical Ramus
2013 67 1 5560 Severe Gummy Smile with Clss II Mlocclusion Treted with LeFort I Osteotomy Comined with Horseshoe Osteotomy nd Introrl Verticl Rmus Osteotomy * 56 Shimo et l. Act Med. Okym Vol. 67, No.
More informationSkeletal and Soft Tissue Point A and B Changes Following Orthodontic Treatment of Nepalese Class I Bimaxillary Protrusive Patients
Originl Article Skeletl nd Soft Tissue Point A nd B Chnges Following Orthodontic Tretment of Neplese Clss I Bimxillry Protrusive Ptients Jgn Nth Shrm ABSTRACT Objectives: To test the hypothesis tht there
More informationA Long-term Study on the Expansion Effects of the Cervical-pull Facebow With and Without Rapid Maxillary Expansion
Originl Article A Long-term Study on the Expnsion Effects of the Cervicl-pull Fcebow With nd Without Rpid Mxillry Expnsion Frederick A. Fenderson, DDS, MS ; Jmes A. McNmr Jr, DDS, PhD b ; Tizino Bccetti,
More informationStability of anterior crossbite correction: A randomized controlled trial with a 2-year follow-up
Originl Article Stbility of nterior crossbite correction: A rndomized controlled tril with 2-yer follow-up Ann-Pulin Wiedel ; Lrs Bondemrk b ABSTRACT Objective: To compre nd evlute the stbility of correction
More informationLong-Term Profile Changes Associated with Successfully Treated Extraction and Nonextraction Class II Division 1 Malocclusions
Originl Article Long-Term Profile Chnges Associted with Successfully Treted Extrction nd Nonextrction Clss II Division 1 Mlocclusions Eileen C. Zierhut, DDS, M ; Donld R. Joondeph, DDS, MS b ; Jon Artun,
More informationAnchorage Control in Bioprogressive vs Straight-wire Treatment
Originl Article Anchorge Control in Bioprogressive vs Stright-wire Tretment Dyse Uris ; Ftim Ibrhim Abdel Mustf b Abstrct: Orthodontic techniques with different concepts nd philosophies hve emerged to
More informationOriginal Article. Heon-Mook Park a ; Yang-Ku Lee b ; Jin-Young Choi c ; Seung-Hak Baek d
Originl Article Mxillry incisor inclintion of skeletl Clss III ptients treted with extrction of the upper first premolrs nd two-jw surgery Conventionl orthognthic surgery vs surgery-first pproch Heon-Mook
More informationOcclusal Status in Asian Male Adults:
Originl Article Occlusl Sttus in Asin Mle Adults: Prevlence nd Ethnic Vrition Jen Soh ; Andrew Sndhm ; Yiong Huk Chn c Astrct: The purpose of this study ws to determine the occlusl sttus in young Asin
More informationFactors affecting orthodontists management of the retention phase
Originl Article Fctors ffecting orthodontists mngement of the retention phse Kevin Bibon ; Bhvn Shroff b ; Al M. Best c ; Steven J. Linduer d ABSTRACT Objective: To test the null hypothesis tht orthodontist
More informationOriginal Article. Department of Orthodontics, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden. b
Originl Article A -Yer Follow-up of Signs nd Symptoms of Temporomndiulr Disorders nd Mlocclusions in Sujects With nd Without Orthodontic Tretment in Childhood Inger Egermrk, LDS, Odont Dr/PhD ; Toms Mgnusson,
More informationOriginal Article. Shushu He a ; Jinhui Gao b ; Peter Wamalwa c ; Yunji Wang d ; Shujuan Zou e ; Song Chen f
Originl Article Cmouflge tretment of skeletl Clss III mlocclusion with multiloop edgewise rch wire nd modified Clss III elstics by mxillry mini-implnt nchorge Shushu He ; Jinhui Go b ; Peter Wmlw c ; Yunji
More informationTreatment time, outcome, and anchorage loss comparisons of self-ligating and conventional brackets
Originl Article Tretment time, outcome, nd nchorge loss comprisons of self-ligting nd conventionl brckets Ferdinnd M. Mchiby ; Xingfu Bo b ; Lihu Zho c ; Min Hu d ABSTRACT Objective: To compre the tretment
More informationOptimal sites for orthodontic mini-implant placement assessed by cone beam computed tomography
Originl Article Optiml sites for orthodontic mini-implnt plcement ssessed by cone bem computed tomogrphy Mon Mohmed Slh Fyed ; Pwel Pzer b ; Christos Ktsros c ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine (1) the
More informationOriginal Article INTRODUCTION
Originl Article Evlution of mxillry centrl incisors on the noncleft nd cleft sides in ptients with unilterl cleft lip nd plte Prt 1: Reltionship etween root length nd orthodontic tooth movement Ay Med-Iino
More informationSkeletal, Dental and Soft-Tissue Changes Induced by the Jasper Jumper Appliance in Late Adolescence
Originl Article Skeletl, Dentl nd Soft-Tissue Chnges Induced by the Jsper Jumper Applince in Lte Adolescence Didem Nlbntgil ;Tülin Arun b ; Korkmz Syinsu c ; Fuly Işık c Abstrct: The purpose of this study
More informationModified tandem traction bow appliance compared with facemask therapy in treating Class III malocclusions
Originl Article Modified tndem trction bow pplince compred with fcemsk therpy in treting Clss III mlocclusions Tub Tortop ; Emine Kygısız b ; Deniz Gencer c ; Sem Yuksel ; Zeynep Atly d ABSTRACT Objective:
More informationA comparison of treatment effects of total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plate vs buccal miniscrews
Originl Article A comprison of tretment effects of totl rch distliztion using modified C-pltl plte vs uccl miniscrews Sng Kyu Lee ; Noh H. As ; Mohmed Byome c,d ; Un-Bong Bik ; Yoon-Ah Kook e ; Mihee Hong
More informationAgenesis of Third Molar Germs Depends on Sagittal Maxillary Jaw Dimensions in Orthodontic Patients in Japan
Originl Article Agenesis of Third Molr Germs Depends on Sgittl illry Jw Dimensions in Orthodontic Ptients in Jpn Tkshi S. Kjii, DDS, PhD ; Yoshiki Sto, DDS, PhD b ; Sori Kjii, DDS c ; Yuki Sugwr, DDS,
More informationRestorative planning for hemisection surgery: a technique report
CLINICAL REPORT 215 Sr Tit-Pour, Anthony Roerts, Ro Hrrison, Iin Chpple Restortive plnning for hemisection surgery: technique report KEY WORDS hemisection, lortory stges, restortion Hemisection surgery
More informationThe main occluding area in normal occlusion and mandibular prognathism
Originl Article The min occluding re in norml occlusion nd mndibulr prognthism Mkoto Kurokw ; Hiroyuki Knzki b ; Hjime Tokiw c ; Hideho Hnd d ; Kzutoshi Nkok e ; Yoshiki Hmd f ; Hitoshi Kto g ; Yoshiki
More informationOriginal Article. So-Jeong Jang a ; Dong-Soon Choi b ; Insan Jang c ; Paul-Georg Jost-Brinkmann d ; Bong-Kuen Cha b
Originl Article Quntittive comprison of incisl tooth wer in ptients receiving onephse or two-phse tretment for skeletl Clss III mlocclusion with nterior crossbite So-Jeong Jng ; Dong-Soon Choi b ; Insn
More informationGender Differences in Class III Malocclusion
Originl Article Gender Differences in Clss III Mlocclusion Tizino Bccetti ; Brin C. Reyes b ; Jmes A. McNmr Jr c Abstrct: This study evluted gender differences in the cephlometric records of lrge-scle
More informationUsing Paclobutrazol to Suppress Inflorescence Height of Potted Phalaenopsis Orchids
Using Pcloutrzol to Suppress Inflorescence Height of Potted Phlenopsis Orchids A REPORT SUBMITTED TO FINE AMERICAS Linsey Newton nd Erik Runkle Deprtment of Horticulture Spring 28 Using Pcloutrzol to Suppress
More informationCorrelation between periodontal soft tissue and hard tissue surrounding incisors in skeletal Class III patients
Originl Article Correltion between periodontl soft tissue nd hrd tissue surrounding incisors in skeletl Clss III ptients Jeong-Ho Prk ; Ji-Yeon Hong b ; Hyo-Won Ahn c ; Su-Jung Kim d ABSTRACT Objectives:
More informationEvaluation of canting correction of the maxillary transverse occlusal plane and change of the lip canting in Class III two-jaw orthognathic surgery
Originl Article Evlution of cnting correction of the mxillry trnsverse occlusl plne nd chnge of the lip cnting in Clss III two-jw orthognthic surgery Seung-Je Kim ; Jin-Young Choi b ; Seung-Hk Bek c ABSTRACT
More informationComparison of two early treatment protocols for anterior dental crossbite in the mixed dentition: A randomized trial
Originl Article Comprison of two erly tretment protocols for nterior dentl crossbite in the mixed dentition: A rndomized tril Cristin B. Mimoto ; Lendro S. Mrques b ; Lucs G. Abreu c ; Sul M. Piv c ABSTRACT
More informationOriginal Article. Hyo-Won Ahn a ; Sung Chul Moon b ; Seung-Hak Baek c
Originl Article Morphometric evlution of chnges in the lveolr bone nd roots of the mxillry nterior teeth before nd fter en msse retrction using cone-bem computed tomogrphy Hyo-Won Ahn ; Sung Chul Moon
More informationWSU Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Wenatchee (509) ext. 265;
FINAL REPORT WTFRC Project # AH-1-5 WSU Project # 13C-355-3 Project title: PI: Orgniztion: Coopertors: of Sunburn in Apples with RAYNOX Lrry Schrder, Horticulturist WSU Tree Fruit Reserch nd Extension
More informationDentoskeletal changes following mini-implant molar intrusion in anterior open bite patients
Originl Article Dentoskeletl chnges following mini-implnt molr intrusion in nterior open bite ptients Tyler R. Hrt ; Richrd R. J. Cousley b ; Leonrd S. Fishmn c ; Ross H. Tllents d ABSTRACT Objective:
More informationEruption of the permanent maxillary canines in relation to mandibular second molar maturity
Originl Article Eruption of the permnent mxillry cnines in reltion to mndibulr second molr mturity Giuseppe Perinetti ; Mrilen Cllovi b ; Stefno Slgrello c ; Mtteo Bisotto d ; Luc Contrdo d ABSTRACT Objective:
More informationPNEUMOVAX 23 is recommended by the CDC for all your appropriate adult patients at increased risk for pneumococcal disease 1,2 :
PNEUMOVAX 23 is recommended y the CDC for ll your pproprite dult ptients t incresed risk for pneumococcl disese 1,2 : Adults ged
More informationInfluence of lateral cephalometric radiography in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning
Originl Article Influence of lterl cephlometric rdiogrphy in orthodontic dignosis nd tretment plnning An Reis Durão ; Ali Alqerbn b ; Afonso Pinhão Ferreir c ; Reinhilde Jcobs d ABSTRACT Objective: To
More informationA Comparison Study of Upper Airway among Different Skeletal Craniofacial Patterns in Nonsnoring Chinese Children
Originl Article A Comprison Study of Upper Airwy mong Different Skeletl Crniofcil Ptterns in Nonsnoring Chinese Children Zhe Zhong ; Zhihui Tng b ; Xuemei Go c ; Xing-Long Zeng c ABSTRACT Objective: Ptients
More informationEsthetic Influence of Negative Space in the Buccal Corridor during Smiling
Originl Article Esthetic Influence of Negtive Spce in the Buccl Corridor during Smiling Dltro Enes Ritter ; Luiz Gonzg Gndini Jr b ; Ary dos Sntos Pinto c ; Arno Locks d ABSTRACT The purpose of this study
More informationEFFECTS OF AN ACUTE ENTERIC DISEASE CHALLENGE ON IGF-1 AND IGFBP-3 GENE EXPRESSION IN PORCINE SKELETAL MUSCLE
Swine Dy 22 Contents EFFECTS OF AN ACUTE ENTERIC DISEASE CHALLENGE ON IGF-1 AND IGFBP-3 GENE EXPRESSION IN PORCINE SKELETAL MUSCLE B. J. Johnson, J. P. Kyser, J. D. Dunn, A. T. Wyln, S. S. Dritz 1, J.
More informationIntraarch and Interarch Relationships of the Anterior Teeth and Periodontal Conditions
Originl Article Intrrch nd Interrch Reltionships of the Anterior Teeth nd Periodontl Conditions Pp Ibrhim Ngom ; Flou Digne b ; Henri Michel Benoist c ; Fn Thim d ABSTRACT This study ws undertken to investigte
More informationDental Arch Dimensions in Class II division 1 Malocclusions with Mandibular Deficiency
Originl Article Dentl Arch Dimensions in Clss II division 1 Mlocclusions with Mndibulr Deficiency Omr Gbriel d Silv Filho ; Flávio Muro Ferrri Júnior b ; Terumi Okd Ozw c ABSTRACT Objective: To test the
More informationSkeletal and dental effects of molar distalization using a modified palatal anchorage plate in adolescents
Originl Article Skeletl nd dentl effects of molr distliztion using modified pltl nchorge plte in dolescents Noor Lith S ed ; Chong Ook Prk b ; Mohmed Byome c ; Je Hyun Prk d ; YoonJi Kim e ; Yoon-Ah Kook
More informationDental arch response to Haas-type rapid maxillary expansion anchored to deciduous vs permanent molars: A multicentric randomized controlled trial
Originl Article Dentl rch response to Hs-type rpid mxillry expnsion nchored to deciduous vs permnent molrs: A multicentric rndomized controlled tril Alessndro Ugolini ; Crmen Cerruto b ; Luc Di Vece c
More informationCorrecting maxillary dental asymmetries without
2013 JCO, Inc. My not e distriuted without permission. www.jco-online.com Correction of Upper-Arch Asymmetries Using the Mesil-Distlslider BENEDICT WILMES, DMD, MSD, PHD RAVINDRA NANDA, BDS, MDS, PHD MANUEL
More informationLong-term Effectiveness and Treatment Timing for Bionator Therapy
Originl Article Long-term Effectiveness nd Tretment Timing for Biontor Therpy Kurt Fltin Jr, DD, PhD; Rolf M. Fltin, DD, Mc, PhD; b Tizino Bccetti, DD, PhD; c Lorenzo Frnchi, DD, PhD; c Bruno Ghiozzi,
More informationMaxillary first molar agenesis and other dental anomalies
Originl Article Mxillry first molr genesis nd other dentl nomlies Ryot Abe ; Toshiy Endo b ; Shohchi Shimook c ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the ssocition of mxillry first molr genesis with other dentl
More informationFinite Element Analysis of MOD Prosthetic Restored Premolars
Finite Element Anlysis of MOD Prosthetic Restored Premolrs LILIANA SANDU, FLORIN TOPALĂ, SORIN POROJAN School of Dentistry V. Beş University of Medicine nd Phrmcy 9 Revolutiei 1989 Blv., 300041 Timişor
More informationUse of Lateral Cephalometric Analysis in Diagnosing Craniofacial Features in Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome
Cse Report Print ISSN: 2321-6379 Online ISSN: 2321-595X DOI: 10.17354/ijss/2017/508 Use of Lterl Cephlometric Anlysis in Dignosing Crniofcil Fetures in Ppillon-Lefevre Syndrome Ahishek Soni Senior Lecturer,
More informationOptimizing Metam Sodium Fumigation in Fine-Textured Soils
Optimizing Metm Sodium Fumigtion in Fine-Textured Soils Neil C Gudmestd University Distinguished Professor & Endowed Chir of Potto Pthology Deprtment of Plnt Pthology North Dkot Stte University Erly Dying
More informationInvasive Pneumococcal Disease Quarterly Report July September 2018
Invsive Pneumococcl Disese Qurterly Report July Septemer Introduction Since 17 Octoer 2008, invsive pneumococcl disese (IPD) hs een notifile to the locl Medicl Officer of Helth under the Helth Act 1956.
More informationA Comparative Study of Two Methods of Quantifying the Soft Tissue Profile
Originl Article A Comprtive Study of Two Methods of Quntifying the Soft Tissue Profile Hyeon-Shik Hwng, DDS, M, PhD ; Wng-Sik Kim, DDS, M b ; Jmes A. McNmr, Jr, DDS, PhD c Abstrct: One of the most importnt
More informationCommunication practices and preferences between orthodontists and general dentists
Originl rticle ommuniction prctices nd preferences between orthodontists nd generl dentists Kevin ibon ; hvn Shroff b ; l M. est c ; Steven J. Linduer d STRT Objective: To evlute similrities nd differences
More informationThe Dynamics of Varicella-Zoster Virus Epithelial Keratitis in Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
Chpter 2 The Dynmics of Vricell-Zoster Virus Epithelil Kertitis in Herpes Zoster Ophthlmicus The morphology of n individul VZV lesion reflects sequence of events triggered y the virus impct on cornel epithelil
More informationSoft tissue response after Class III bimaxillary surgery Impact of surgical change in face height and long-term skeletal relapse
Originl Article Soft tissue response fter Clss III bimxillry surgery Impct of surgicl chnge in fce height nd long-term skeletl relpse Gundeg Jkobsone ; Arild Stenvik b ; Lisen Espelnd b ABSTRACT Objective:
More informationbuild Firm, sexy arms
w uild Firm, sexy rms Wnt toned, strong rms tht crown you pushup queen t oot cmp? Wnt to rock tnk top? These four moves re wht you need. Achieve Totl Arm Envy Mny women zero in on the show-off muscles,
More informationMandibular vertical asymmetry in adult orthodontic patients with different vertical growth patterns: A cone beam computed tomography study
Originl Article Mndibulr verticl symmetry in dult orthodontic ptients with different verticl growth ptterns: A cone bem computed tomogrphy study Slih Celik ; Mevlut Celikoglu b ; Suleymn K. Buyuk c ; A.
More informationDental archforms in dentoalveolar Class I, II and III
Originl Article Dentl rchforms in dentolveolr Clss I, II nd III Mrtin Slj ; Stjepn Splj ; Durvko Pvlin c ; Dvor Illes d ; Mlden Slj e ABSTRACT Ojective: To test the hypothesis tht no differences exist
More informationThree-dimensional tooth crown size symmetry in cleft lip and cleft palate
Originl Article Three-dimensionl tooth crown size symmetry in cleft lip nd cleft plte M. Okn Akcm ; Hlise Aydemir b ; Levent Özer c ; Bern Özel d ; T. Ufuk Toygr-Memikoğlu ABSTRACT Objective: To evlute
More informationEffects of physical exercise on working memory and prefrontal cortex function in post-stroke patients
Effects of physicl exercise on working memory nd prefrontl cortex function in post-stroke ptients M Moriy, C Aoki, K Sktni Grdute School of Helth Sciences Reserch, Mjor of Physicl Therpy, TeikyoHeisei
More informationDentofacial Effects of Asymmetric Headgear and Cervical Headgear with Removable Plate on Unilateral Molar Distalization
Originl Article Dentofcil Effects of Asymmetric Hedger nd Cervicl Hedger with Removble Plte on Unilterl Molr Distliztion Hndn Altug ; A. Osmn Bengi b ; Erol Akın; c Seniz Krcy d Abstrct: Cervicl hedger
More informationDental Rehabilitation of Patients with Amelogenesis Imperfecta using Zirconia Crowns, Stainless Steel Crowns, and Composite Veneers: A Case Report
Cse Report Print ISSN: 2321-6379 Online ISSN: 2321-595X DOI: 10.17354/ijss/2016/641 Dentl Rehilittion of Ptients with Amelogenesis Imperfect using Zirconi Crowns, Stinless Steel Crowns, nd Composite Veneers:
More informationStudy of Stress Distribution in the Tibia During Stance Phase Running Using the Finite Element Method
Ksetsrt J. (Nt. Sci.) 48 : 729-739 (2014) Study of Stress Distriution in the Tii During Stnce Phse Running Using the Finite Element Method Thepwchr Ruchirh 1, Tumrong Puttpitukporn 1, * nd Siriporn Ssimontonkul
More informationBright Futures Medical Screening Reference Table 2 to 5 Day (First Week) Visit
Bright Futures Medicl Reference Tle 2 to 5 Dy (First Week) Visit Universl Action Metolic nd Verify documenttion of neworn metolic screening results, pproprite rescreening, nd needed follow-up. Document
More informationRadiographic evaluation of the technical quality of undergraduate endodontic competence cases in the Dublin Dental University Hospital: an audit
Rdiogrphic evlution of the technicl qulity of undergrdute endodontic competence cses in the Dulin Dentl University Hospitl: n udit Précis: An udit exmining the technicl qulity of undergrdute endodontic
More informationOcclusal Morphology 1 Year after Orthodontic and Surgical-Orthodontic Therapy
Originl Article Occlusl Morphology 1 Yer fter Orthodontic nd Surgicl-Orthodontic Therpy A Quntittive Anlysis of Cliniclly Successful Ptients Cludi Dellvi ; Luis Toms Hunc Ghislnzoni b ; Redento Perett
More informationTechnetium-Labeled Methylene Diphosphonate Uptake in Maxillary Bone During and After Rapid Maxillary Expansion
Originl Article 99m Technetium-Lbeled Methylene Diphosphonte Uptke in Mxillry Bone During nd Rpid Mxillry Expnsion Z. Mirzen Art, DDS, PhD ; Htice Göklp, DDS, PhD b ; Tmer Atsever, DDS, PhD c ; Hkn Türkkhrmn,
More informationCorticotomy facilitated correction of skeletal class II malocclusion
Open Access Journl of Orl Helth nd Crniofcil Science Cse Report ISSN 2573-6191 Corticotomy fcilitted correction of skeletl clss II mlocclusion Arif Yezdni A* Deprtment of Orthodontics nd Dentofcil Orthopedics,
More informationProsthetic rehabilitation of a mandibular root amputated molar using single crown
Cse Report Prosthetic rehilittion of mndiulr root mputted molr using single crown Azm Sdt Mostfvi, Seyed Mehrn Flhchi Deprtment of Prosthodontics, Dentl Reserch Center, Fculty of Dentistry, Tehrn University
More informationLong-term Skeletal Changes with Rapid Maxillary Expansion:
Review Article Long-term Skeletl Chnges with Rpid Mxillry Expnsion: A Systemtic Review Mnuel O. Lgrvere ; Pul W. Mjor b ; Crlos Flores-Mir c Abstrct: The objective ws to evlute long-term trnsverse, nteroposterior
More informationSoft Tissue Changes with Fixed Functional Appliances in Class II division 1
Review Article Soft Tissue Chnges with Fixed Functionl Applinces in Clss II division 1 A Systemtic Review Crlos Flores-Mir ; Michel P. Mjor b ; Pul W. Mjor c ABSTRACT Objective: To evlute fcil soft tissue
More informationThe peri-implant area is more susceptible than the
The Impct of Implnt Design, Defect Size, nd Type of Superstructure on the Accessiility of Nonsurgicl nd Surgicl Approches for the Tretment of Peri-implntitis Dvid Polk, PhD, DMD 1 /Efrt Myn, DMD /Tli Chckrtchi,
More informationReview article. Key words non specific low back pain, exercise therapy, stretching, motor control. Grade D
Spinl Surgery 31 2 140 144 2017 総説 Review rticle Astrct Exercise therpy is useful for low ck pin. Exercise therpy ims to improve posturl lignment, muscle strength, nd endurnce, nd lso contriutes to pin
More informationEvaluation of the Masticatory Part and the Habitual Chewing Side by Wax Cube and Bite Force Measuring System (Dental Prescale )
J Jpn Prosthodont Soc 5:513-50, 008 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Evlution of the Mstictory Prt nd the Hitul Chewing Side y Wx Cue nd Bite Force Mesuring System (Dentl Prescle ) Mutsumi Tkhshi, DDS, Fumi Tkhshi, DDS,
More informationGoal: Evaluate plant health effects while suppressing dollar spot and brown patch
Newer Fungicide Products Alone nd In Rottion on Chicgo Golf Green Reserchers: Chicgo District Golf Assoc. Derek Settle, Tim Sibicky, nd Nick DeVries Gol: Evlute plnt helth effects while suppressing dollr
More informationCheck your understanding 3
1 Wht is the difference etween pssive trnsport nd ctive trnsport? Pssive trnsport is the movement of prticles not requiring energy. Movement of prticles in ctive trnsport uses energy. 2 A gs tp in the
More informationMeat and Food Safety. B.A. Crow, M.E. Dikeman, L.C. Hollis, R.A. Phebus, A.N. Ray, T.A. Houser, and J.P. Grobbel
Met nd Food Sfety Needle-Free Injection Enhncement of Beef Strip Loins with Phosphte nd Slt Hs Potentil to Improve Yield, Tenderness, nd Juiciness ut Hrm Texture nd Flvor B.A. Crow, M.E. Dikemn, L.C. Hollis,
More informationHyperplastic dental follicle or peri-follicle fibrosis, is. Hyperplastic Dental Follicle Review of Literature and Report of Two Cases in One Family
Puliction Hyperplstic Dentl Follicle Review of Literture nd Report of Two Cses in One Fmily Chun Xio SUN 1, Crig RIRIE 1, Jeffrey M HENKIN 1 Hyperplstic dentl follicle is n extremely rre lesion. The prctitioner
More informationMorphologic evaluation of the incisive canal and its proximity to the maxillary central incisors using computed tomography images
Originl Article Morphologic evlution of the incisive cnl nd its proximity to the mxillry centrl incisors using computed tomogrphy imges Eun-Ae Cho ; Sung-Jin Kim ; Yoon Jeong Choi b ; Kyung-Ho Kim c ;
More informationEffect of supplemental fat from dried distillers grains with solubles or corn oil on cow performance, IGF-1, GH, and NEFA concentrations 1
Effect of supplementl ft from dried distillers grins with solules or corn oil on cow performnce, IGF-1, GH, nd NEFA concentrtions 1 Aigil Brtosh 2, Cody Wright 3, Aimee Wertz-Lutz 4, nd George Perry 5
More informationEffect of orthodontic treatment on oral health related quality of life
Originl Article Effect of orthodontic tretment on orl helth relted qulity of life Dniel Feu ; Jose Augusto M. Miguel ; Roger K. Celeste c ; Brnc Helois Oliveir d ABSTRACT Ojective: To ssess chnges in orl
More informationInterseptal bone reduction on the rate of maxillary canine retraction
Originl Article Interseptl bone reduction on the rte of mxillry cnine retrction Chidchnok Leethnkul ; Surt Knokkulchi b ; Settkorn Pongpnich c ; Nrit Leepong d ; Chirt Chroemrtrote ABSTRACT Objective:
More informationWhich Hard and Soft Tissue Factors Relate with the Amount of Buccal Corridor Space during Smiling?
Originl Article Which Hrd nd Soft Tissue Fctors Relte with the Amount of Buccl Corridor Spce during Smiling? Il-Hyung Yng ; Dong-Seok Nhm b ; Seung-Hk Bek c ABSTRACT Objective: To investigte which hrd
More informationdistraction cleaning Peaks cages specifications
Peks cges specifictions We thnk for choosing Qulgenix Peks lumbr cges. 0Pwith α 8 00D8S Mteril 9 0D9S 9 be po Peks 0 - -8 0 0D0S resection with introduce remer 0DM remer 007RM Acute or chronic 0DM remer
More informationCondylar displacement between centric relation and maximum intercuspation in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals
Originl Article Condylr displcement between centric reltion nd mximum intercusption in symptomtic nd symptomtic individuls Soo Young Kim Weffort ; Solnge Mongelli de Fntini b ABSTRACT Objective: To mesure
More informationThe Aetiology, Diagnosis and Management of Mandibular Asymmetry
44 Orthodontic Updte My 2008 Mtthew SY Chi Frhd B Nini nd Dljit S Gill The Aetiology, Dignosis nd Mngement of Mndiulr Asymmetry Astrct: An understnding of the etiology of mndiulr symmetry nd thorough methodicl
More informationXII. HIV/AIDS. Knowledge about HIV Transmission and Misconceptions about HIV
XII. HIV/AIDS Knowledge bout HIV Trnsmission nd Misconceptions bout HIV One of the most importnt prerequisites for reducing the rte of HIV infection is ccurte knowledge of how HIV is trnsmitted nd strtegies
More informationTHE EVALUATION OF DEHULLED CANOLA MEAL IN THE DIETS OF GROWING AND FINISHING PIGS
THE EVALUATION OF DEHULLED CANOLA MEAL IN THE DIETS OF GROWING AND FINISHING PIGS THE EVALUATION OF DEHULLED CANOLA MEAL IN THE DIETS OF GROWING AND FINISHING PIGS John F. Ptience nd Doug Gillis SUMMARY
More informationRecall Bias in Childhood Atopic Diseases Among Adults in The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study
Syddnsk Universitet Recll Bis in Childhood Atopic Diseses Among Adults in The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study Mørtz, Chrlotte G; Andersen, Klus Ejner; Bindslev-Jensen, Crsten Published in: Act Dermto-Venereologic
More informationOrthodontists and surgeons opinions on the role of third molars as a cause of dental crowding
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Orthodontists and surgeons opinions on the role of third molars as a cause of dental crowding Steven J. Lindauer, a Daniel M. Laskin, b Eser Tüfekçi, c Russell S. Taylor, d Bryce J. Cushing,
More informationPROVEN ANTICOCCIDIAL IN NEW FORMULATION
PROVEN ANTICOCCIDIAL IN NEW FORMULATION Coxidin 100 microgrnulte A coccidiosttic dditive for roilers, chickens rered for lying nd turkeys Contins 100 g of monensin sodium per kg Aville s homogenous grnules
More informationReview TEACHING FOR GENERALIZATION & MAINTENANCE
Gols By the end of clss, you should be ble to: Explin wht generliztion is, why it is criticl for techers to know how to tech so tht it occurs, nd give n exmple of it from your own experience in the clssroom
More informationAgilent G6825AA MassHunter Pathways to PCDL Software Quick Start Guide
Agilent G6825AA MssHunter Pthwys to PCDL Softwre Quick Strt Guide Wht is Agilent Pthwys to PCDL? Fetures of Pthwys to PCDL Agilent MssHunter Pthwys to PCDL converter is stnd-lone softwre designed to fcilitte
More informationEffect of fungicide timing and wheat varietal resistance on Mycosphaerella graminicola and its sterol 14 α-demethylation-inhibitorresistant
Effect of fungicide timing nd whet vrietl resistnce on Mycospherell grminicol nd its sterol 14 α-demethyltion-inhiitorresistnt genotypes Didierlurent L., Roisin-Fichter C., Snssené J., Selim S. Pltform
More informationAre Changes in Specific Landmark Anatomy on a Panoramic Image Suggestive of Maxillary Sinus Disease?
Enhnced CPD DO C Thmesh Keri Kndsmy Gnesn Are Chnges in Specific Lndmrk Antomy on Pnormic Imge Suggestive of Mxillry Sinus Disese? Astrct: Dentl pnormic rdiogrphy is commonly employed investigtion in dentistry,
More information1r;~ ~--- -~
, f,osteoporos nt (2014) 25:1625-1632 EO to.007/s00198-014-2622-8 r 1r;-.. -.- -- ------- -------------. - f Distinctive role of 6-month teriprtide tretment on intrctle isphosphonte-relted osteonecrosis
More informationThe removable partial denture equation
2 The removle prtil denture eqution J. C. Dvenport, 1 R. M. Bsker, 2 J. R. Heth, 3 J. P. Rlph, 4 nd P-O. Glntz, 5 This rticle descries the enefits nd risks of providing RPDs. It emphsises the importnce
More informationTreatment of Generalised Aggressive Periodontitis: A 4-year Follow-up Case Report
Tretment of Generlised Aggressive Periodontitis: A 4-yer Follow-up Cse Report Rui Fng LU 1, Li XU 1, Hun Xin MENG 1, Xing Hui FENG 1, Ki Ning LIU 1 Aggressive periodontitis comprises group of rre, often
More informationMath 254 Calculus Exam 1 Review Three-Dimensional Coordinate System Vectors The Dot Product
Mth 254 Clculus Exm 1 Review Your first exm is Fridy, April 26. I will provide one pge of notes. You my bring in one 3- inch by 5-inch note crd with notes on both sides. You should hve been working on
More informationFundamentals of Spine MRI and Essential Protocols
Fundmentls of Spine MRI nd Essentil Protocols A. C. Dougls-Akinwnde, MD Octoer 13, 2009 Fundmentls of Spine MRI Lerning Ojectives: 1. List the essentil sequences for Spine MRI exmintion 2. Discuss the
More informationChapter 5: The peripheral nervous system Learning activity suggested answers
Chpter 5: The peripherl nervous system Lerning ctivity suggested nswers Lerning Activity 5.1 (p. 222) 1 Briefly descrie the two min functions of the somtic nervous system. Description should refer to:
More information