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1 Supplementary Online Content Lewington S, Lacey B, Clarke R, et al; China Kadoorie Biobank Consortium. The burden of hypertension and associated risk for cardiovascular mortality in China. JAMA Intern Med. Published online March 14, doi: /jamainternmed emethods. Local, ational, and International Ethics Approvals of China Kadoorie Biobank etable 1. Prevalence of Isolated Systolic Hypertension and Isolated Diastolic Hypertension by Age and Sex etable 2. Prevalence of Stage 1 Hypertension and Stage 2 Hypertension, by Age and Sex etable 3. Prevalence, Diagnosis, Treatment and Control of Hypertension, by Age and Sex etable 4. Participants With Diagnosed Hypertension, Treated and Controlled, by Age and Sex etable 5. Proportion of Participants With Treated Hypertension Taking Specific Types of Antihypertensives, by Age and Sex etable 6. Participants With Diagnosed Hypertension, Treated and Controlled, by Selected Characteristics etable 7. Baseline Characteristics by Level of Baseline Systolic Blood Pressure This supplementary material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work.

2 emethods. Local, ational, and International Ethics Approvals of China Kadoorie Biobank For the baseline survey and 1st resurvey, ethics approval was obtained from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Ethical Review Committee in 2004 and the University of Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee in The Chinese Ministry of Health approved the study at the start in 2004 (including export of plasma samples to Oxford), and also approved the electronic linkage to health insurance records in For the 2nd resurvey in , ethics approval was obtained from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (which is now the formal collaborator of the China Kadoorie Biobank in China) Ethical Review Committee and the University of Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee in 2013.

3 etable 1. Prevalence of Isolated Systolic Hypertension and Isolated Diastolic Hypertension, by Age and Sex Hypertension (%) Isolated systolic Isolated diastolic Both Controlled Age at entry Population, SBP (mmhg): 140 < < 140 (years) DBP (mmhg): and < 90 and 90 and 90 and < 90 Male Female Both All Overall Hypertension defined as measured SBP 140 mmhg or measured DBP 90 mmhg or receiving treatment for hypertension. All analyses are standardized for region and, where appropriate, additionally standardized for age and sex.

4 etable 2. Prevalence of Stage 1 Hypertension and Stage 2 Hypertension, by Age and Sex Hypertension (%) Stage 1 Stage 2 Controlled Age at entry Population, SBP (mmhg): < 140 (years) DBP (mmhg): or or 100 and < 90 Male Female Both All Overall Hypertension defined as measured SBP 140 mmhg or measured DBP 90 mmhg or receiving treatment for hypertension. Stage 1 hypertension and stage 2 hypertension as defined in Seventh Report of the Joint ational Committee on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (participants classified by higher stage of either SBP or DBP). All analyses are standardized for region and, where appropriate, additionally standardized for age and sex.

5 etable 3. Prevalence, Diagnosis, Treatment and Control of Hypertension, by Age and Sex Age at entry (years) Male Population, Prevalence of hypertension, % Diagnosed among hypertensives, % Treated among diagnosed, % Among treated, % Controlled Among all hypertensives, % All Female All Both Overall

6 Hypertension defined as measured SBP 140 mmhg or measured DBP 90 mmhg or receiving treatment for hypertension. All analyses are standardized for region and, where appropriate, additionally standardized for age and sex. See etable 4 for numbers of participants in each group.

7 etable 4. Participants With Diagnosed Hypertension, Treated and Controlled, by Age and Sex Age at entry (years) Male Population, Hypertensives, Diagnosed, Treated, Controlled, All Female All Both Overall Hypertension defined as measured SBP 140 mmhg or measured DBP 90 mmhg or receiving treatment for hypertension.

8 etable 5. Proportion of Participants With Treated Hypertension Taking Specific Types of Antihypertensives, by Age and Sex % of treated hypertensives % of treated hypertensives (single antihypertensive medication only) Age at entry Treated Calcium Calcium hypertensives, ACE Beta- channel ACE Beta- channel (years) inhibitors blockers blockers Diuretics inhibitors blockers blockers Diuretics Any Male Female Both Overall Treated hypertensives were defined as those who reported being diagnosed with hypertension by a physician and taking antihypertensive medication at baseline.

9 etable 6. Participants With Diagnosed Hypertension, Treated and Controlled, by Selected Characteristics Characteristics Participants, Hypertensives, Diagnosed, Treated, Controlled, Region (type) Haikou (U) Sichuan (R) Liuzhou (U) Harbin (U) Hunan (R) Suzhou (U) Gansu (R) Qingdao (U) Henan (R) Zhejiang (R) Annual Household income, < Educational level o formal school Primary school Middle or high school Technical school or university Prior CVD o Yes Season b Winter Spring or Autumn Summer Overall Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease; R, rural; U, urban. a Defined as measured systolic blood pressure of at least 140 mm Hg, measured diastolic blood pressure of at least 90 mm Hg, or treatment for hypertension. b Season of baseline survey. Winter indicates December to February; spring, March to May; autumn, September to ovember; and summer, June to August.

10 etable 7. Baseline Characteristics by Level of Baseline Systolic Blood Pressure Systolic blood pressure (mmhg) < Mean (SD) SBP, mmhg 110 ( 7) 129 ( 6) 158 (16) Mean (SD) DBP, mmhg 69 ( 7) 78 ( 8) 88 (11) Mean (SD) age, years 48 ( 9) 51 (10) 57 (10) Proportion female, (%) (66) (55) (57) Proportion urban, (%) (50) (42) (41) Household income Yuan, (%) (44) (43) (42) Educated to middle school or higher, (%) (59) (50) (37) Current smokers, (%) (males only) (66) (62) (57) Alcohol at least weekly, (%) (males only) (29) (34) (36) Mean (SD) BMI, kg/m 2 23 ( 3) 24 ( 3) 25 ( 4) Fresh fruit consumed daily, (%) (23) (18) (16) Fresh vegetable consumed daily, (%) (95) (95) (95) Prior CVD, (%) ( 2) ( 4) ( 7) Proportion diabetic, (%) ( 2) ( 3) ( 5) Proportion taking statins, (%) 2 88 (0.1) 279 (0.1) 760 (0.5) Month of baseline survey: April to Sept, (%) (62) (50) (43) 1 In females, overall prevalence of current smokers was 2% (n=7003) and overall prevalence of drinking alcohol at least weekly was 2% (n=6124). 2 In those with prior CVD at baseline, overall prevalence of statin use was 1.4%.