EC-US cooperation in the area of obesity research

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1 EC-US cooperation in the area of obesity research 19th meeting of the EC-US Task Force on Biotechnology Tim Hall, Acting EC Chairperson Isabelle de Froidmont-Görtz European Commission Research Directorate General Directorate E Biotechnologies, Agriculture, Food E3 Food Health- Well-being Research 25 June 2009 San Francisco, CA Van S. Hubbard National Institutes of Health U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Potential of new technologies Bioinformatic Building coherent models for physiology

interaction, metabolic pathways Imaging techniques (MRI, US, PET) Non-invasive

Bioimaging Bio-optics Integrative Physiology Bioanalytics Nanotechnologies

nanotechnologies Targeting delivery of nutrient to organs, cells Modifying structure

bioactive comp. or protection against ext.

2 Potential of new technologies Bioinformatic Building coherent models for physiology Omics (nutrigenomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, etc) Identifying molecular interaction, metabolic pathways Imaging techniques (MRI, US, PET) Non-invasive techniques for visualization of consumption and digestion -omics Bioinformatics Bioimaging Bio-optics Integrative Physiology Bioanalytics Nanotechnologies Microsensorics Neuroimaging Cognitive Sciences Behavioural sciences Micro, nanotechnologies Targeting delivery of nutrient to organs, cells Modifying structure (fibrillar, microemulsions) Encapsulation for slow release of flavours, fragance or bioactive comp. or protection against ext.factors such as heat, acid, etc Cognitive sciences Neuro-imaging Understanding of consumer behaviour Visualization (brain) for subjective pleasantness of food, satiety, hunger, addiction

3 Symposium at 6th annual meeting of ISBNPA Symposium on Neuroimaging and its potential application to the study of food intake Date and venue: 22 June Oslo Purpose : to identify the latest developments in neuroimaging and to envisage their potential application to tackle obesity

4 Main outcomes Study of the capabilities of the neuroimaging techniques to better understand consumer attitudes and preferences towards food Better understanding of the brain responses to various stimuli Exploration of reward systems and eating behaviour Opportunity for constructive dialogue among multidisciplinary investigators from the EU and US to fight against obesity Reinforcement of the US-EU collaboration on development of new cutting edge techniques/tools for obesity research

5 Follow-up Forums

6 Neuroimaging Workshop Build common language among obesity researchers, behaviorists, and psychologists focused on weight management and metabolic health, and experienced functional neuroimaging researchers. Share data and experiences with functional neuroimaging approaches to study brain involvement in various aspects of obesity, eating behavior, the neurotransmitters and brain structures associated with energy balance, taste and smell, hunger, emotion, and decisionmaking. Explore which questions central to obesity research lend themselves to study using functional neuroimaging, and the best techniques and experimental paradigms to use. Discuss best practices in functional neuroimaging, including technology, experimental design, data analysis, and data interpretation, and explore the strengths and limitations of these approaches for learning about the brain in the obese state.

7 Neuroimaging in Obesity Research (R01) Participating Organizations National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering To fund studies using neuroimaging approaches in animals and human subjects to study the many interacting roles of the brain in obesity and its pathogenesis and complications Earliest Anticipated Start Date(s): December 1, 2009

8 Other Interactions

9 Decision Making Workshop Understanding Different Routes to a Decision: The "Reasoned" vs. the "Reactive" Path of Decision Making Understanding the Interplay between Physiological Responses to Food and People's Affective/Cognitive Beliefs about Food Understanding Decision Making in an Interpersonal and Family Systems Context Understanding the Potential Impact of Environmental Factors and Socio-cultural Factors on Food Decision Making (Food Availability, Advertising, and Time Culture)

10 Supplement to Annals of Behavioral Medicine: Anticipate August 09

11 2009 Workshop EC-US workshop "Early life programming of obesity A satellite congress of ECO Date and venue: 5-6 May 2009 in Noordwijkerhout, NL Purpose: to bring together experts from different disciplines in order to better understand the effects of early nutrition programming on obesity

12 Program Agenda Julie Mennella - Contribution of genes and experiential factors to individual differences in taste preferences and eating behaviour among children - Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Clare Adam - Programming the central energy balance regulatory system - University of Aberdeen Rowett Institute of Nutrition & Health, UK. Susanne Ozanne - Programming the appetite regulatory system - University of Cambridge, UK Boyd E. Metzger - Gestational Diabetes, A Risk Factor for Obesity and Diabetes in Later Life - Northwestern University, Chicago, USA Berthold Koletzko - Long-term consequences of early feeding on later obesity risk - University of Munich, DE Nicolas Stettler - Future perspectives of early nutrition programming to tackle obesity - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA

13 Selected Research Thoughts Better understand influence of early nutrition, maternal obesity, diabetes and gestational diabetes on health outcomes of infant Programming of fetal and infancy taste and feeding Effect of the environment (endocrine disrupters, epigenetic Characterize rewarding properties of food Characterize the satiating effects of foods and flavors Collaborative efforts to follow-up on perinatal clinical trials

14 FP7 Projects funded to better understand the determinants of obesity (KBBE) HAB-EAT: Determining factors and critical periods in food habit formation and breaking in early childhood: a multidisciplinary approach TOY BOX: Multifactorial evidence based approach using behavioural models in understanding and promoting fun, healthy food, play and policy for the prevention of obesity in early childhood: Toy Box NEURO FAST : The Integrated Neurobiology of Food Intake, Addiction and Stress EATWELL: Interventions to Promote Healthy Eating Habits: Evaluation and Recommendations OBELIX: Obesogenic Endocrine disrupting chemicals: LInking prenatal exposure to the development of obesity later in life Call FP7-KBBE (July 2009) : Neurological pathways regulating hunger/satiety and gut behaviour

15 PROGRAMME HEALTH 3 calls already for Diabetes/Obesity - Early processes in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and strategies for early prevention DIABETES under HEALTH Aetiologies of the different types of diabetes, & their related prevention & treatment - Combined forms of diabetes in children (no retained proposal) - Insulin resistance as a key factor in the development of diabetes and metabolic syndrome - Pathophysiological mechanisms related to excess fat -A road-map for diabetes research Nutritional signals and the development of new diabetes/obesity therapeutic agents (two projects) - Markers and treatment for diabetic neuropathy & OBESITY under HEALTH: Multidisciplinary approaches including genetics, life style and epidemiology - Geno- & phenotypical differentiation of T2D and monogenic subjects -Use of beta cell imaging in diabetes mellitus Novel therapeutical approach to pregnancy-induced diabetes - Novel immunotherapies for type 1 diabetes - Molecular pathways in food intake at CNS-liver-gut level

16 resulting in 5 projects on obesity (out of 14) TOBI: Analyse mechanisms provoking adipokine-mediated crosstalk & inflammatory drift in obese patients REPROBESITY: Search For New Therapeutic Agents Against Complicated Obesity By Reprofiling Existing Drugs GIPIO: Understand the contribution of gastro-intestinal peptides to the onset of obesity EUROCHIP: Study hypothalamus & other brain regions & their interaction with the periphery DALI: Vitamin D & Lifestyle Intervention for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention

17 DALI:Vitamin D & Lifestyle Intervention for GDM Prevention DALI (currently completing negotiation) will use an exploratory trial approach to develop the best intervention for preventing gestational DM using: - Trial data, samples and cohorts to increase understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to enhanced diabetes and obesity risk to mother and baby. - Expertise of members of the Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group Europe (DPSG) and joined by behavioural researchers and health economists. DALI will include research on: - Foetal hypoxia - Foetal blood vessel characteristics - Foetal growth, measured in utero - Impact of foetal sex. Starting date: 1 March 2010 EC funding: 3 million 13 partners: 2 AU, 2 SP, 1 UK, 1FN, 1CH, 1BE, 1DN, 1 PO, 1 IT, 1 IR, 1 NL

18 Other interactions Presentation to the NIH Nutrition Coordinating Committee DHHS [NIH, CDC, FDA, HRSA, AHRQ, IHS, OS] USDA and DoD Laurent Bochereau Overview: Why Research on food and nutrition? New Opportunities in FP7 ( ) 2013) Preparation of WP2010 EC-US Cooperation in the Area of Obesity Research Wolf Maier - Nutrition and physical activity: Current EU activities to promote a healthy lifestyle

19 Resources for U.S. Research Efforts Related to Obesity Federal Databases for Biomedical and Nutrition Related Research (NIH, USDA, DoD) NIH Obesity Research Task Force Current NIH Support of Obesity related projects - $684 Million

20 Potential of new technologies Bioinformatic Building coherent models for physiology Omics (nutrigenomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, etc) Identifying molecular interaction, metabolic pathways Imaging techniques (MRI, US, PET) Non-invasive techniques for visualization of consumption and digestion -omics Bioinformatics Bioimaging Bio-optics Integrative Physiology Bioanalytics Nanotechnologies Microsensorics Neuroimaging Cognitive Sciences Behavioural sciences Micro, nanotechnologies Targeting delivery of nutrient to organs, cells Modifying structure (fibrillar, microemulsions) Encapsulation for slow release of flavours, fragance or bioactive comp. or protection against ext.factors such as heat, acid, etc Cognitive sciences Neuro-imaging Understanding of consumer behaviour Visualization (brain) for subjective pleasantness of food, satiety, hunger, addiction

21 Research Is Key to Success Let us all strive to make a difference Thank you for Listening

US-EC cooperation in the area of obesity and nutritional sciences research

US-EC cooperation in the area of obesity and nutritional sciences research 21th meeting of the EC-US Task Force on Biotechnology Research 24 June 2011 Washington D.C., U.S. Isabelle de Froidmont-Görtz