Name Date. HUMAN ANATOMY - STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE #1(a) 1. Review your vocabulary words!
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1 HUMAN ANATOMY - STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE #1(a) 1. Review your vocabulary words! 2. If this course taught you only the name of each organ and where it is in the body, would this be an anatomy course or a physiology course? (1 pt) 3. What are the seven levels of organization in a living organism? (7 pts) 4. Suppose you are using a 40x, 100x, 400x, 1000x microscope to study the human body. What levels of organization would you be studying? (3 pts) 5. What are the four types of tissue? (4 pts) 6. Identify the type of tissue that makes up the following: (1 pt each) a. The lining of a blood vessel or your sinuses b. The trapezius muscle c. The cartilage in your joints d. The frontal lobe of the brain
2 Page 2 of 5 7. What is the general term for the processes in our environment that threaten homeostatsis? (1 pt) 8. Suppose your heart rate began to increase significantly. If the body initiated a negative-feedback response, would your heart rate go up or down? (1 pt) If the body initiated a positive-feedback response, would your heart rate go up or down? (1 pt) 9. What two organ systems are most involved in controlling the negative-feedback systems of the body? (2 pts) 10. When you exercise, your blood glucose levels tend to drop because you are using the glucose for energy. To counteract that effect, the pancreas monitors your blood glucose level. If the pancreas decides that the blood glucose level is too low, it can release a hormone called glucagon. This hormone stimulates the liver to release glucose into the blood. (4 pts) a. What is the stress in this situation? b. What is the control center? c. What is the effector? d. Is the endocrine system involved?
3 Page 3 of 5 HUMAN ANATOMY - STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE #1(b) 11. List the organelles discussed in Module 1, and briefly state the main function of each. (22 pts) 12. List the phases of mitosis in order. (5 pts)
4 Page 4 of In which phases of mitosis do chromosomes have the X shape that most people associate with chromosomes? (2 pts) 14. What property of phospholipids gives the plasma membrane the ability to automatically reassemble? (1 pt) 15. What is the function of a glycoprotein in the plasma membrane? (1 pt) 16. What is the function of a receptor protein in the plasma membrane? (1 pt) 17. The model of the plasma membrane that we discussed is the fluid mosaic model. What is the fluid? What does mosaic refer to? (2 pts)
5 Page 5 of 5 HUMAN ANATOMY - STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE #1(c) 18. There are essentially four basic ways a substance can get through the plasma membrane. What are they? If you get specific, you will end up listing six. That is fine, too. (4 pts) 19. For each of the following substances, indicate how they will get through the plasma membrane and into the cell. In this case, consider channel proteins and charged channel proteins to be different, and use the two more precise terms for endocytosis. (6 pts) a. Water b. A protein c. A Mg 2+ ion d. A monosaccharide (simple sugar) e. An invading bacterium f. A lipid 20. A protein enters a cell. The outside of the cell has a higher concentration of that protein than the inside of the cell. Did the protein enter through active transport or a passive transport process? (1 pt) 21. A glucose molecule enters a cell. The concentration of glucose inside the cell is lower than the concentration of glucose outside the cell. Did the cell use ATP to get the glucose inside? (1 pt)
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