Physical activity, sedentary behavior and metabolic syndrome. Dr. Tineke Scheers

Transcription

1 Physical activity, sedentary behavior and metabolic syndrome Dr. Tineke Scheers

2 Department of Kinesiology - Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group PortaAL - Expertisecentrum voor Gezond Bewegen PortaAL, Expertisecentrum voor Gezond Bewegen

3 Outline Introduction Sedentary behavior Physical activity o o o Amount of physical activity Intensity of physical activity Accumulation of physical activity throughout the day Practical implications

4 Introduction

5 Metabolic syndrome (MetS) presents a serious and growing public health problem Examination of its modifiable risk factors to develop effective prevention strategies Physical activity beneficial effect on metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors, reduces the risk of MetS, type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease NCEP-ATP III: value of physical activity for the prevention and first-line therapy of MetS en its components

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7 WHO, Global health risks, 2009

8 Defining physical activity Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure

9 Defining sedentary behavior h h Activities that do not increase energy expenditure above the resting level

10 Patterns of activity sedentary behavior light physical activity moderate physical activity vigorous physical activity

11 To measure is to know If you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it L. Kelvin,

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13 Sedentary behavior

14 Prolonged sedentary time may have adverse health consequences, independent of time spent in physical activity (Hamilton et al. 2008) TV-viewing: risk of all-cause mortality, obesity, type II diabetes, cardiovascular risk factors and MetS (Dunstan et al. 2005, Hu et al. 2003, Wijndaele et al. 2009, 2011) Evidence for the effects of total sedentary time remains inconclusive After adjusting for physical activity, no relationship between sedentary behavior and MetS (Scheers et al. 2013)

15 Breaks in sedentary time Breaks in sedentary time are not associated with metabolic risk (Scheers et al. 2013) Beneficially associated with BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides and 2-h plasma glucose (Healy et al. 2008) Physical activity seems more important than sedentary behavior in relation to MetS More research needed for sedentary behavior

16 Amount of physical activity

17 Amount of physical activitiy needed Current physical activity guidelines: o o Moderate-intensity: 30 min on 5 days/week Vigorous-intensity: 20 min on 3 days/week To prevent overweight or obesity: o (Haskell et al. 2007) min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (Saris et al. 2003)

18 30 min/day or 150 min/week of moderate-tovigorous physical activity may protect against MetS (Cho et al. 2009, Ford et al. 2010, Churilla and Fitzhugh 2012 ) Self-reported leisure time physical activity! 60 min of lifestyle physical activity are needed (Scheers et al. 2013) Leisure time activity, household chores, active commuting, occupational activities

19 <30 min/day MVPA min/day MVPA 60 min/day MVPA 1,20 1,10 1,00 0,90 0,80 0,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 Metabolic syndrome Abdominal obesity Hypertriglyceridemia Low HDL Hypertension Scheers et al. 2013

20 Intensity of physical activity

21 Light-intensity activities? Not associated with the presence of MetS or individual risk factors (Lakka et al. 2003, Cho et al. 2009, Ekelund et al. 2009, Scheers et al. 2013) Beneficially associated with 2-h plasma glucose, waist circumference and clustered metabolic risk (Healy et al.2007, 2008)

22 Additional benefits of vigorousintensity activities? Inverse relationships between physical activity of at least moderate intensity and cardio-metabolic outcomes (Atienza et al. 2011, Ekelund et al. 2007, Healy et al. 2008) Most authors: vigorous-intensity activity may prevent metabolic risk more effectively than moderate-intensity activity (Churilla and fitzhugh 2012, Janssen and Ross 2012, O Donovan et al. 2005)

23 1,20 Light Moderate Vigorous 1,10 1,00 0,90 0,80 0,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 Metabolic syndrome Abdominal obesity Hypertriglyceridemia Low HDL Hypertension Scheers et al. 2013

24 Accumulation of physical activity throughout the day

25 Guidelines: continuous bouts of 10 min Total physical activity and that accumulated in 10-min bouts are inversely associated with MetS and its components (Scheers et al. 2013) BUT: best results for sustained bouts For additional benefits: try to accumulate physical activity in bouts of 10 min

26 1,00 Total MVPA Bouts of MVPA 0,90 0,80 0,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 Metabolic syndrome Abdominal obesity Hypertriglyceridemia Low HDL Hypertension Scheers et al. 2013

27 Conclusions and practical implications

28 Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity should be promoted as the key parameter for metabolic health Besides leisure time physical activity, also routine activities of daily living contributed to the observed associations Lifestyle activities can be performed intermittently throughout the day, but to achieve additional benefits sustained bouts

29 When feasible for the subjects, including some vigorous-intensity activities may be beneficial It might be important to reduce sedentary behavior in addition to increasing physical activity, but more research is needed This knowledge should be used for the development of lifestyle strategies to prevent various chronic diseases

30 Thank you for your attention Questions?

31 Physical activity, sedentary behavior and metabolic syndrome Thanks to: Prof. Dr. Johan Lefevre Prof. Dr. Renaat Philippaerts FWO Vlaanderen