Exercise to help mend your heart

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Karin Watts
5 years ago
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1 Exercise to help mend your heart STELLENBOSCH BIOKINETICS CENTRE Ian Rainsford B Hons Sport Science (Biokinetics) Bradley Fryer M Sport Science, B Hons Sport Science (Biokinetics)

Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) Cholesterol Increases HDL concentration (vigorous exercise) and improves circulation Improved reverse cholesterol transport Increases

2 Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) Cholesterol Increases HDL concentration (vigorous exercise) and improves circulation Improved reverse cholesterol transport Increases enzymes used for LDL transport (liver enzymes) Decreases weight Being overweight increases LDL concentration Increases size of protein particles that carry cholesterol in blood

prehypertensive Increases strength of heart More blood pumped with less pressure on artery walls

3 Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) High blood pressure Decreases weight Lowers BP (by improving vasodilation) Improves effectiveness of BP drugs Can help prevent developing HBP if prehypertensive Increases strength of heart More blood pumped with less pressure on artery walls Decreased total peripheral resistance Decreased plaque on blood vessel walls Decreased cholesterol and free fatty acids

Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) High blood sugar Decreased weight helps improve insulin sensitivity Continuous exercise stimulates the release of insulin Improves sugar transport out of

4 Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) High blood sugar Decreased weight helps improve insulin sensitivity Continuous exercise stimulates the release of insulin Improves sugar transport out of blood into muscles Independent of insulin Effects are short lived (±24 hours) Exercise needs to become part of the day Strength training significantly decreases blood sugar Enables some individual s to stop medicine Decreased FFA

Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) Smoking A new study in 2012 has shown that exercise Increases chance of quitting by 55% Decreases relapse by 43% Exercise and smoking just do not go

5 Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) Smoking A new study in 2012 has shown that exercise Increases chance of quitting by 55% Decreases relapse by 43% Exercise and smoking just do not go hand-in-hand Helps decrease stress Helps deal with day-to-day stress and stress of quitting Helps decrease the urge for nicotine Improved lung function Decreased strain on heart due to increased oxygen delivery

Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) Inactivity & Overweight/Obesity Inactivity is as dangerous as HBP, High Cholesterol, and smoking Decreased protection versus 1 st and 2 nd event

6 Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) Inactivity & Overweight/Obesity Inactivity is as dangerous as HBP, High Cholesterol, and smoking Decreased protection versus 1 st and 2 nd event Leads to overweight/obesity Overweight/obesity increases risk for all CV risk factors Increased strain on heart and other vital organs Exercise Best form of weight loss Other major benefits

Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) Stress Any form will help Weight training Aerobic training Yoga and Pilates Increases your feel-good endorphins Decreases concentration of

7 Role of exercise (Modifiable risk factors) Stress Any form will help Weight training Aerobic training Yoga and Pilates Increases your feel-good endorphins Decreases concentration of circulating stress hormones Exercise is meditation in motion Helps put stresses aside Improves your mood Increases self confidence Lowers symptoms associated with mild depression and anxiety

8 What is a safe level of activity for you. Every individual is different, based on History Previous injury Likes/dislikes Previous medical care However general guidelines do exist Doctors clearance is very important See an exercise specialist when starting or increasing an exercise program

Safe level of activity Myocardial Infarction

MI) RPE 11 16 on Borg Scale 5 6 hours per week

adapted depending on procedure) RPE 11 16 on

9 Safe level of activity Myocardial Infarction (MI) 40% - 80% HRR (depending on magnitude of MI) RPE on Borg Scale 5 6 hours per week Bypass 40% - 80% HRR (although may need to be adapted depending on procedure) RPE on Borg Scale 3 4 hours per week ; increase to 5 6 hours per week

to 5 6 hours per week Angioplasty 40% - 80% HRR (although may need to be to 5 6 hours

10 Safe level of activity Valve replacement 40% - 80% HRR (although may need to be adapted depending on procedure) RPE on Borg Scale 3 4 hours per week ; increase to 5 6 hours per week Angioplasty 40% - 80% HRR (although may need to be adapted depending on procedure) RPE on Borg Scale 3 4 hours per week ; increase to 5 6 hours per week

11 Safe level of activity Transplant 50 75% VO2max RPE on Borg Scale 5 6 hours per week

12 Thank You!

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors:

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Risk factors are traits or habits that increase a person's chances of having cardiovascular disease. Some risk factors can be changed. These risk factors are high blood