... BIBLIOGRAPHY... Dent J, Brun J, Fendrick AM, et al. An evidence-based appraisal of reflux disease management. Gut 1999;44(suppl 2):S1-S16.

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1 Armbrecht U, Abucar A, Hameeteman W, et al. Treatment of reflux oesophagitis of moderate and severe grade with ranitidine or pantoprazole comparison of 24 hour intragastric and esophageal ph. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1997;11: Bardhan KD, Morton D, Slater DN, et al. Pantoprazolebased 10-day triple therapy is effective in Helicobacter pylori eradication. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998;12: Bardhan KD. The role of proton pump inhibitors in the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1995;9: Beck IT, Champion MC, Lemire S, et al. The second Canadian Consensus Conference on the Management of Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Can J Gastroenterol 1997;11(suppl B):7B-20B. Becker DJ, Sinclair J, Castell DO, et al. A comparison of high and low fat meals on postprandial esophageal acid exposure. Am J Gastroenterol 1989;84: Bell NJ, Burget D, Howden CW, et al. Appropriate acid suppression for the management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Digestion 1992;51: Biliesatii H, Huber R, Steinijans VW, Kunz K, Wurst W. Pantoprazole does not interact with nifedipine in man under steady-state conditions. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996; 34: Bochenek W, Miska D, Beg M. The Pantoprazole US Study Group. Efficacy of pantoprazole in reflux erosive esophagitis is dose related. Digestion 1998;59(suppl 3):601. Breuel HP, Horak J, Horejsova M, et al. Pantoprazole in patients with varying degree of liver impairment in comparison to healthy controls. Gastroenterology 1998;114:A6 [Abstract]. Broussard CN, Richter JE. Treating gastro-oesophageal reflux disease during pregnancy and lactation: What are the safest therapy options? Drug Safety 1998;4: Brunner G, Harke U. Long-term therapy with pantoprazole in patients with peptic ulceration resistant to extended high-dose ranitidine treatment. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1994;8: Cameron AH, Zinsmeister AR, Ballard DH, Carney JA. Prevalence of columnar-lined (Barrett s) esophagus. Comparison of population-based clinical and autopsy findings. Gastroenterology 1990;99: Cameron AJ, Ott BJ, Payne WS. The incidence of adenocarcinoma in columnar-lined (Barrett s) esophagus. N Engl J Med 1985;313: Castell DO, Richter JE, Robinson MJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of lansoprazole in the treatment of erosive oesophagitis. Am J Gastroenterol 1996;91: Catalano F, Branciforte G, Catanzaro R, et al. Comparative treatment of Helicobacter pylori-positive duodenal ulcer using pantoprazole at low and high doses versus omeprazole in triple therapy. Helicobacter 1999;4: Ciocola AA, McSorley DJ, Turner K, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection rates in duodenal ulcer patients in the United States may be lower than previously estimated. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;7: Collen MJ, Abdulian JD, Chen YK. Gastroesophageal reflux disease in the elderly: More severe disease that requires aggressive therapy. Am J Gastroenterol 1995;90: Cremer M, Lambert R, Lamers CBHW, et al. A double blind study of pantoprazole and ranitidine in treatment of acute duodenal ulcer. Dig Dis Sci 1995;40: Creteur V, Thoeni RF, Federle MP, et al. The role of single- and double-contrast radiography in the diagnosis of reflux esophagitis. Radiology 1986;147: Dekkers CP, Beker JA, Thjodiefsson B, et al. Doubleblind placebo-controlled comparison of rabeprazole 20 mg vs omeprazole 20 mg in the treatment of erosive or ulcerative gastroesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13: DeMeester TR, Peters JH, Bremner CG, Chandrasoma P. Biology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Pathophysiology relating to medical and surgical treatment. Annu Rev Med 1999;50: Dent J, Brun J, Fendrick AM, et al. An evidence-based appraisal of reflux disease management. Gut 1999;44(suppl 2):S1-S16. S512 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE MAY 2000

2 Dent J, Yeomans ND, MacKinnon M, et al. Omeprazole versus ranitidine for prevention of relapse in reflux esophagitis: A controlled double blind trial of their efficacy and saftety. Gut 1994;35: DeVault KR, Castell DO. Current diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Mayo Clin Proc 1994;69: DeVault KR, Castell DO. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. Arch Intern Med 1995;155: DeVault KR, Castell DO. Updated guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94: Dimenas E. Methodological aspects of evaluation of quality of life in upper gastrointestinal diseases. Scand J Gastroenterol 1993;28: Drewitz DJ, Sampliner RE, Garewal HS. The incidence of adenocarcinoma in Barrett s esophagus: A prospective study of 170 patients followed 4.8 years. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92: Dupas JL, Houche PH, Giret-d Orsay G, Samoyeau R. Pantoprazole versus lansoprazole in patients with reflux esophagitis. Meta-analysis of two French studies. Digestion 1998;59(suppl 2):604 [Abstract]. Earnest DL, Robinson M. Treatment advances in acid secretory disorders: The promise of rapid symptom relief with disease resolution. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94(suppl):S18-S24. Escourrou J, Deprez P, Saggioro A, et al. Maintenance therapy with pantoprazole 20 mg prevents relapse of reflux oesopahgitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13: Falk GW. Reflux disease and Barrett s esophagus. Endoscopy 1999;31:9-16. Fass R, Fennerty MB, Ofman JJ, et al. The clinical and economic value of a short-course of omeprazole in patients with noncardiac chest pain. Gastroenterology 1999;115: Fass R, Ofman JJ, Gralnek IM, et al. Clinical and economic assessment of the omeprazole test in patients with symptoms suggestive of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Arch Intern Med 1999;159: Fendrick AM, Blitz SG. Gastroesophageal reflux: Therapy considerations after failure of low-dose, nonprescription H 2 RAs. Formulary 1999;34: Feriolli E, Oliveira RB, Matsuda NM, et al. Aging, esophageal motility, and gastroesophageal reflux. J Am Geriatr Soc 1998;46: Fitton A, Wiseman L. Pantoprazole: A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in acidrelated disorders. Drugs 1996;51: Freston JW, Rose PA, Heller CA, et al. Safety profile of lansoprazole: The US clinical trial experience. Drug Safety 1999;20: Freston JW. Long-term acid control and proton pump inhibitors: Interactions and safety issues in perspective. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92:51S-57S. Galmiche JP, Hanssen J. The pathophysiology of gastrooesophageal reflux disease: An overview. Scand J Gastroenterol 1995;211:7-18. Garnett WR, Garabedian-Ruffalo SM. Identification, diagnosis and treatment of acid related diseases in the elderly: Implications for long-term care. Pharmacotherapy 1997;17: Garnett WR. Considerations for long-term use of proton pump inhibitors. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1998;55: Gastrointestinal disorders. In: Beers MH, Berkow R, eds. The Merck Manual, 17th ed. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research Laboratories; Gough AL, Long RG, Cooper BT. Lansoprazole versus ranitidine in the maintenance treatment of reflux oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1996;10: Goyal RK. Diseases of the esophagus. In: Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Isselbacher, et al, eds. Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, Vol. 2. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; Harris RA, Kuppermann M, Richter JE, et al. Proton pump inhibitor or histamine-2 receptor antagonists for the prevention of recurrences of erosive reflux esophagitis: A cost-effective analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92: VOL. 6, NO. 9, SUP. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE S513

3 Hartmann M, Ehrlich A, Fuder H, et al. Equipotent inhibition of gastric acid secretion by equal doses of oral or intravenous pantoprazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998;12: Hatlebakk JG, Katz PO, Kuo B, Castell DO. Nocturnal gastric acidity and acid breakthrough on different regimens of omeprazole 40 mg daily. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998;12: Hetzel D. Acid pump inhibition. The treatment of gastroesophageal reflux. Aust Fam Physician 1998;27: Heudebert GR, Marks R, Wilcox CM, et al. Choice of long-term strategy for the management of patients with severe esophagitis: A cost-utility analysis. Gastroenterology 1997;112: Hotz J, Plein K, Schonekas H, et al. Pantoprazole is superior to ranitidine in the treatment of acute gastric ulcer. Scand J Gastroenterol 1995;30: Humphries TJ, Merritt GJ. Review article: Drug interactions with agents used to treat acid-related diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13(suppl 3): Hunt RH. Importance of ph control in the management of GERD. Arch Intern Med 1999;159: Ishizaki T, Horai Y. Review article: Cytochrome P450 and the metabolism of proton pump inhibitors emphasis on rabeprazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;12(suppl 3): Johnson LF, DeMeester TR. Evaluation of elevation of the head of the bed, bethanechol and antacid foam tablets on gastroesophageal reflux. Dig Dis Sci 1981;26: Johnsson F, Weywadt L, Solhaug JH, et al. One-week omeprazole treatment in the diagnosis of gastrooesophageal reflux disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1998;33: Johnson DA. Medical therapy of GERD: Current state of the art. Hosp Practi 1996;31: Judmaier G, Koelz JR, Pantoprazole-Duodenal Ulcer Study Group. Comparison of pantoprazole and ranitidine in the treatment of acute duodenal ulcer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1994;8: Kallen B. Delivery outcomes after use of acid-suppressing drugs in early pregnancy with special reference to omeprazole. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998;105: Kastrup EK, Hebel SK, Rivard R, et al. Drug facts and Comparisons. St Louis, MO: Facts and Comparisons; 1999:304a-d. Katz PO, Castell DO. Gastroesophageal reflux disease during pregnancy. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1998;27: Katz PO. Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Use of algorithms to aid in management. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94(suppl):S3-S10. Kliem V, Bahlmann J. Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole in patients with end-stage renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998;13: Koehler RE, Weymean PJ, Oakley HF. Single- and double contrast techniques in esophagitis. Am J Roentgenology 1980;135: Koop J, Schepp W, Dammann HG, et al. Comparative trial of pantoprazole and ranitidine in the treatment of esophagitis. Results of a German multicenter study. J Clin Gastroenterol 1995;20: Kromer W, Horbach S, Luhmann R. Relative efficacies of gastric proton pump inhibitors: Their clinical and pharmacological basis. Pharmacology 1999;59: Kromer W. Similarities and differences in the properties of substituted benzimidazoles: A comparision between pantoprozole and related compounds. Digestion 1995; 56: Kuipers EJ, Lundell L, Klinkenberg-Knol EC, et al. Atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with reflux esophagitis treatment with omeprazole or fundoplication. N Engl J Med 1996;334: Kunz K, Arundell E, Cisternas M, Heaton A. Economic implications of self-treatment of heartburn/nonulcer dyspepsia with nonprescription famotidine in a managed care setting. J Managed Care Pharm 1996;2: Kuo WH, Kalloo AN. Reflux strictures of the esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc Clin North Am 1998;8: Lagergren J, Bergstrom R, Lindgren A, Nyren O. Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux as a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. N Engl J Med 1999;340: Lalkin A, Lobstein R, Addis A, et al. The safety of omeprazole during pregnancy: A multicenter prospective controlled study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998;179: S514 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE MAY 2000

4 Lamers CBHW. The changing role of H2 receptor antagonists in acid-related diseases. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1996;8:S3-S7. Langtry HD, Wilde MI. Lansoprazole: An update on its pharmacological properties and clinical efficacy in the management of acid-related disorders. Drugs 1997;54: Langtry HD, Wilde MI. Omeprazole: A review of its use in Helicobacter pylori infection, GERD, and peptic ulcers induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Drugs 1998;56:447. Laparoscopic antireflux surgery for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Results of a consensus development conference held at the Fourth International Congress of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (E.A.E.S), Trondheim, Norway, June 21-24, Surg Endosc 1997;11: Lauritsen K, Rutgersson K, Bolling E. Omeprazole 20 mg or 40 mg daily for healing of duodenal ulcer: A double-blind comparative study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1992;4: Levin TR, Schmittdiel JA, Kurz K, et al. Costs of acidrelated disorders to a health maintenance organization. Am J Med 1997;103: Lew EA. Review article: Pharmacokinetic concerns in the selection of anti-ulcer therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13(suppl 5): Lieberman DA, Oehlke M, Helfand M, the Gorege Consortium. Risk factors for Barrett s esophagus in community-based practice. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92: Lind T, Megraud F, Unge P, et al. The MACH2 study: Role of omeprazole in eradication of Helicobacter pylori with 1-week triple therapies. Gastroenterology 1999;116: Lins RL, De Clerq I, Hartmann M, et al. Pharmacokinetics of proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole in patients with severe renal impairment. Gastroenterology 1994;106:A126 [Abstract]. Lorf T, Ramadori G, Ringe B, Shwörer H. Pantoprazole does not affect cyclosporin A blood concentration kidney-transplant patients. J Clin Pharmacol 2000;55: Lundell L, Ott DJ, Hattlevakk J, et al. Omeprazole or antireflux surgery in the long term management of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Results of a multicenter, randomized, clinical trial. Gastroenterology 1998;114:A207. Mathias SD, Castell DO, Elkin EP, Matosian ML. Healthrelated quality of life of patients with acute erosive reflux esophagitis. Dig Dis Sci 1996;41: Mattox HE, Richter JE. Prolonged ambulatory esophageal ph monitoring in the evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Med 1990;89: Mee AS, Rowley JL. Rapid symptom relief in reflux oesophagitis: A comparison of lansoprazole and omeprazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1996;10: Meyer UA. Metabolic interactions of the proton pump inhibitors lansoprazole, omeprazole, and pantoprazole with other drugs. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1996;8(suppl 1):S21-S25. Meyers WF, Herbst JJ. Effectiveness of positioning therapy for gastroesophageal reflux. Pediatrics 1982;69: Mignon M, Vallot T. Acute treatment of duodenal ulcer: Experience with lansoprazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1993;7: Modlin IM, Sachs R. Acid-Related Diseases. Munich, Germany: Schnetztor-Verlag GmbH D-Konstanz; Moosner J, Koop H, Porst H, Wubbolding H, Schneider A, Maier C. One-year prophylactic efficacy and safety of pantoprazole in controlling gastro-oesophageal reflux patients with healed reflux oeophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1997;11: Mujica VR, Rao SSC. Recognizing atypical manifestation of GERD. Asthma, chest pain and otolaryngologic disorders may be due to reflux. Postgrad Med 1999;105: Mulder CJ, Dekker W, Gerretsen M, et al. Lansoprazole 30 mg versus omeprazole 40 mg in the treatment of reflux oesophagitis grade II, III and IV (a Dutch multicentre trial). Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1996;8: Nielsen GL, Sorensen HT, Thulstrup AM, Tage-Jensen U, Olesen C, Ekboms A. The safety of proton pump inhibitors in pregnancy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13: VOL. 6, NO. 9, SUP. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE S515

5 O Connor HJ. Review article: Helicobacter pylori and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease clinical implications and management. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13:117. O Connor JFB, Singer ME, Richter JE. The cost-effectiveness of strategies to assess gastroesophageal reflux as an exacerbating factor in asthma. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94: Orlando RD. Reflux esophagitis. In: Yamada T, Alpers DH, Laine L, Owyand CH, Powell DW, eds. Textbook of Gastroenterology, 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999: Ormseth EJ, Wong RK. Reflux laryngitis: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;10: Ott DJ, Chen YM, Gelfand DW, et al. Analysis of multiphasic radiographic examination for detecting reflux esophagitis. Gastrointest Radiol 1986;11:1-6. Ott DJ, Gelfand DW, Wu WC. Reflux esophagitis: Radiologic and endoscopic correlation. Radiology 1979;103: Ott DJ, Wu WC, Gelfand DW. Reflux esophagitis revisited: Prospective analysis of radiological accuracy. Gastrointest Radiol 1981;6:1-7. Ours TM, Kavuru MS, Schitz RJ, Richter JE. A prospective evaluation of esophageal testing and a doubleblind, randomized study of omeprazole in a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for chronic cough. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94: Pantoprazole: A third proton pump inhibitor. Drug Ther Bull 1997;35: Peghini PL, Katz PO, Castell DO. Ranitidine controls nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough on omeprazole: A controlled study in normal subjects. Gastroenterology 1998;115:1335. Pera M, Cameron AJ, Trastek VF, Carpenter JA, Zinsmeister AR. Increasing incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction. Gastroenterology 1993;104: Pillotto A, Leandro G, Franceschi M, et al. Rapid improvement of symptomatology with pantoprazole, amoxycillin and metronidazole in Helicobacter pyloripositive duodenal ulcer patients. Hepatogastroenterology 1999;46: Pisegna JR, Martin P, McKeand W, et al. Inhibition of pentagastrin-induced gastric acid secretion by intravenous pantoprazole: A dose response study. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94: Pope CE II. Acid-reflux disorders. N Engl J Med 1994;331: Proton pump inhibitor relabeling for cancer risk not warranted. FDA Report. November 11, Revicki D, Wood M, Maton PN, et al. The impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease on health-related quality of life. Am J Med 1998;104: Richardson P, Hawkey CJ, Stack WA. Proton pump inhibitors: Pharmacology and rationale for use in gastrointestinal disorders. Drugs 1998;56: Robinson M, Shaba B, Avner D, Jhalas N. A comparison of lansoprazole and ranitidine in the treatment of erosive esophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1995;9: Robinson M. Review article: Current perspectives on hypergastrinemia and enterochromaffin-like-cell hyperplasia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13(suppl 5):5-10. Sampliner RE. Practice guidelines on the diagnosis, surveillance and therapy of Barrett s esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 1998;93: Sandmark S, Carlsson R, Fausa O, Lundell L. Omeprazole or ranitidine in the treatment of reflux esophagitis. Results of a double-blind, randomized, Scandinavian multicenter study. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988;23: Savarino V, Mela GS, Zentilin P, et al. Comparison of 24-hour control of gastric acidity by three different dosages of pantoprazole in patients with duodenal ulcer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998;12: Schepp W, Rehner M, Witzel L. A review of treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers pantoprazole vs. omeprazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1994;8: Schlesinger PK, Donahue PE, Schmidt B, et al. Limitations of 24 hour intraesophageal ph monitoring in the hospital setting. Gastroenterology 1985;89: Schroeder PL, Filler SJ, Rasmirex B, Lazarchik DA, Vaezi MF, Richter JE. Dental erosion and acid reflux disease. Ann Intern Med 1995;122: S516 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE MAY 2000

6 Sellar RJ, Ott DJ, Heading RC. A sensitive test for gastrooesophageal reflux. Clin Radiol 1987;38: Shafi MA, Fleischer DE. Risk factors of acute ulcer bleeding. Hepatogastroenterology 1999;46(26): Sharma P, Sampliner RE, Camargo E. Normalization of esophageal ph with high-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy does not result in regression of Barrett s esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92: Sharma VK. Comparison of 24-hour intragastric ph using four liquid formulations of lansoprazole and omeprazole. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1999;56(suppl 4):S18-S21. Sieg A, Sellinger M, Schlauch D, et al. Short-term triple therapy with lansoprazole 30 mg or 60 mg, amoxcyllin and clarithromycin to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. Aliment Pharmcol Ther 1999;13: Sonnenberg A, Everhart JE. Health impact of peptic ulcer in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92(4): Sonnenberg A, Inadomi JM, Becker A. Economic analysis of step-wise treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13: Sontag SJ, Kogut DG, Fleischmann R, et al. Lansoprazole heals erosive reflux esophagitis resistant to histamine H2-receptor antagonist therapy. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92: Spechler SJ, Goyal RK. Barrett s esophagus. N Engl J Med 1986;315: Spechler SJ, Robbins AH, Runbins HB, et al. Adenocarcinoma and Barrett s esophagus: An overrated risk? Gastroenterology 1984;87: Steinijans VW, Huber R, Hartmann M, et al. Lack of pantoprazole drug interactions in man: An updated review. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996;34: Swan SK, Hoyumpa AM, Merritt GJ. Review article: The pharmacokinetics of rabeprazole in health and disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13(suppl 3): Tew S, Jamieson GG, Pilowski I, Myers J. The illness behavior of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease with and without endoscopic esophagitis. Dis Esophagus 1997;10:9-15. Thjodleifsson B, Cockburn I. Review article: Rabeprazole s tolerability profile in clinical trials. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13(suppl 5): Thomson AB, Chiba N, Armstrong D, et al. The second Canadian gastroesophageal reflux disease consensus: Moving forward to new concepts. Can J Gastroenterol 1998;12: Timmer R, Breumelhof R, Nadorp JHSM, et al. Oesophageal motility and gastro-oesophageal reflux before and after healing of reflux oesophagitis. A study using 24 hour ambulatory ph and pressure monitoring. Gut 1994;35: Toohill RJ, Kuhn JC. Role of refluxed acid in pathogenesis of laryngeal disorders. Am J Med 1997;103(suppl):100S-106S. Unge P, Andersson T. Drug interactions with proton pump inhibitors. Drug Safety 1997;16: Van der Veen AH, Dees J, Blankensteijn JD, et al. Adenocarcinoma in Barrett s esophagus: An overrated risk. Gut 1989;30: Van Rensburg CJ, Honiball PJ, Van Zyl JH, et al. Safety and efficacy of pantoprazole 40 mg daily as relapse prophylaxis in patients with healed reflux oesophagitis: A 2 year follow-up. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13: Van Sandick JW, Lanschot JB, Kuiken BW, et al. Impact of endoscopic biopsy surveillance of Barrett s esophagus on pathological stage and clinical outcome of Barrett s carcinoma. Gut 1998;43: Vicari F, Belin J, Marek L, et al. Pantoprazole 40 mg versus omeprazole 20 mg in the treatment of reflux oesophagitis: Results of a French multicentre doubleblind comparative trial. Gastroenterology 1998;114:A324 [Abstract]. Vicari JJ, Peek RM, Falk GW, et al. The seroprevalence of caga-positive Helicobacter pylori strains in the spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology 1998;115: Vigneri S, Termini R, Leandro G, et al. A comparison of five maintenance therapies for reflux esophagitis. N Engl J Med 1995;333: VOL. 6, NO. 9, SUP. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE S517

7 Waring JP, Eastwood TF, Austin JM, et al. The immediate effects of cessation of cigarette smoking on gastroesophageal reflux. Am J Gastroenterol 1989;84: Weiner GJ, Morgan TM, Copper JB, et al. Ambulatory 24 hour esophageal ph monitoring: Reproducibility and variability of ph parameters. Dig Dis Sci 1988;33: Welage LS, Berardi RR. Evaluation of omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole in the treatment of acid-related diseases. J Am Pharm Assoc 2000;40(1): Weston AP, Badr AS, Hassanein RS. Prospective multivariate analysis of factors predictive of complete regression of Barrett s esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94: Williams MP, Pounder RE. Review article: The pharmacology of rabeprazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13(suppl 3):3-10. Witzel L, Gutz H, Huttemann W, et al. Pantoprazole versus omeprazole in the treatment of acute gastric ulcers. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1995;9: Wurzer H, Schutze K, Bethke T, et al. Efficacy and safety of pantoprazole in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease using an intravenous-oral regimen. Austrian intravenous pantoprazole study group. Hepatogastroenterology 1999;46: Zagari M, Villa KF, Freston JW. Proton pump inhibitors versus H2-receptor antagonists for the treatment of erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease: A cost-comparative study. Am J Manag Care 1995;1: Wilkinson SP, Biddlestone L, Gore S, Shepherd A. Regression of columnar-lined Barrett s esopahgus with omeprazole 40 mg daily: Results of 5 years of continuous therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13: S518 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE MAY 2000

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9 ... NOTES... S520 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE MAY 2000

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