EGR1200 Freshman Mini Project Biomedical Signal Analysis

Transcription

1 EGR1200 Freshman Mini Project Biomedical Signal Analysis Instructors Meltem Izzetoglu, PhD Electrical & Computer Engineering And Andrea Welker, PhD Civil and Environmental Engineering Fall 2018

2 Engineering Disciplines and Concepts Electrical Engineering Computer Programming Mechanical Engineering Biomedical Signal Analysis Mini Project Biomedical Engineering 2

3 Objective and Structure of the Project Objective: To introduce engineering students to engineering solutions from sensor design to signal analysis for the monitoring of electrical, mechanical and acoustic activities in the human body, primarily the heart in this project Structure: In class overview of concepts on Basics on anatomy and physiology Biosensor designs Signal acquisition and analysis Hands on Laboratory Experiments Real time data collection and recording From your own heart Using iworx systems and sensors Under different conditions, e.g resting, exercise, breath holding Data analysis using LabScribe and Matlab To extract biomarkers 3

4 Human Heart Human Heart: Responsible with Transportation of Blood (transport vehicle) Carries oxygen, nutrients, wastes, and hormones Movement provided by pumping of heart Anatomy and Functioning of the Heart: Made up of 4 chambers and 4 valves and very strong muscles As a result of autorhythmic electrical activity heart contracts (systole) and relaxes (diastole) Pressure difference generated by the heart causes the blood to flow Opening and closing of the heart valves causes heart sounds Other interesting facts: The heart is about the same size as your fist. The heart beats on average 70 times per minute; 4,200 beats per hour; 100,000 beats per day; 365 million beats per year; 30 billion beats in an average life time of 80 years. An adult heart pumps 7,500 liters of blood daily. It takes about 20 seconds to pump blood to every cell in your body. If you lined up all the blood vessels in your body end-to-end, they would wrap around the earth twice. 4

5 Bioelectric Signals Origins: Generated by electrical activity of nerve and muscle cells Source is the membrane potential Analysis: Heart Rate Heart Rate variability Heart Rhythms Acquisition: Can travel to the surface Measured by biopotential electrodes, electroencephalogram (ECG) 5

6 Biomechanical Signals Origins: Mechanical function of the biologic system Motion and displacement signals, Pressure, tension and flow signals Pressure, flow, resistance in a blood vessel Analysis: Blood pressure Blood flow velocity Cardiac output Heart Rate Oxygen saturation Acquisition: Should be measured at the site Blood pressure sensors Pulse plethysmograph (PPG) 6

7 Bioacoustic Signals Origins: Many biomedical phenomena create acoustic signals: heart, lung, joints Acquisition: Can travel to the surface, Measured by Stethoscope, Phonocardiogram Respirosonogram Analysis: S1-S2-S3-S4 sound waves Heart murmurs Heart rate 7

8 Heart Signals Altogether 8

9 Data Acquisition and Analysis The iworx Systems BIK-TA Bioinstrumentation Teaching Kit includes: Hardware and components to measure: cardiovascular, respiratory, and neuromuscular physiology. LabScribe software for data collection and analysis In this Mini Project we will use: iworx Systems, ECG, PPG, blood pressure and stethoscope sensors to acquire heart signals Labscribe and Matlab software for data analysis Under various conditions, resting, exercise, breath holding, cold compress, etc. iworx Tutorial 9

10 Learned Skills: Technical Skills: Use of mathematical concepts to reach engineering solutions - Algorithm development, biomarker extraction Biomedical concepts, human anatomy and physiology Bioelectricity Biomechanics Bioacoustics Sensor design Computer programming Data collection and analysis Technical report writing, presentation preparation Non-technical Skills Teamwork Time management Leadership People skills Oral presentation skills 10

11 Contact for more Info or Questions: Instructor: Meltem Izzetoglu, PhD. Villanova University ECE Dept. Tolentine: Room 424 Tel: TA: Brianna Conte Villanova University ECE Dept. 11