How to recognize the variations of the cerebral vasculature? CT angiography snapshot
|
|
- Deborah Reed
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 How to recognize the variations of the cerebral vasculature? CT angiography snapshot Award: Cum Laude Poster No.: C-0412 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: Y. Pekcevik; Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Keywords: Computer Applications-3D, CT-Angiography, Vascular, CNS, Anatomy, Education and training DOI: /ecr2014/C-0412 Any information contained in this pdf file is automatically generated from digital material submitted to EPOS by third parties in the form of scientific presentations. References to any names, marks, products, or services of third parties or hypertext links to thirdparty sites or information are provided solely as a convenience to you and do not in any way constitute or imply ECR's endorsement, sponsorship or recommendation of the third party, information, product or service. ECR is not responsible for the content of these pages and does not make any representations regarding the content or accuracy of material in this file. As per copyright regulations, any unauthorised use of the material or parts thereof as well as commercial reproduction or multiple distribution by any traditional or electronically based reproduction/publication method ist strictly prohibited. You agree to defend, indemnify, and hold ECR harmless from and against any and all claims, damages, costs, and expenses, including attorneys' fees, arising from or related to your use of these pages. Please note: Links to movies, ppt slideshows and any other multimedia files are not available in the pdf version of presentations. Page 1 of 64
2 Learning objectives To define the variations and anomalies of cerebral and cerebellar circulation. To show variations and anomalies of each cerebral and cerebellar artery at CT angiography and emphasize the clinical importance of these variations. To tell the tips and tricks of how to recognize and differentiate the vascular variations. Page 2 of 64
3 Images for this section: Fig. 1: Simple schematic diagrams of the fenestration(f)and duplication(d). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 3 of 64
4 Background Computed tomography (CT) angiography has proven to be a very valuable tool for evaluation of the cerebral circulation (1). Owing to recent advances in CT technology it allows for better visualization of small vessels and has partially replaced digital subtraction angiography (2). Variations and anomalies of cerebral and cerebellar arteries are common and identification of them at CT angiography is clinically relevant. Anatomy and vascular variations are important for neurosurgeons and interventional neuroradiologists. Some variations such as persistent trigeminal artery may change surgical planning (3). Knowing the presence of variations such as fetal origin of the posterior cerebral artery may help management of a stroke patient. They may increase the incidence of aneurysm formation and sometimes may compress the cranial nerve and cause neurologic symptom (4,5). For interpreting the cerebral CT angiography correctly, radiologists should be familiar with the appearances of these variations. Page 4 of 64
5 Images for this section: Fig. 2: Schematic diagram of the double origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). VA: vertebral artery. Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 5 of 64
6 Findings and procedure details The terms anomalous or abnormal are used to define any variant form observed in less than 1% of the general population. Some of the variability in the reported incidence likely reflects referral bias and even variability in definitions of "anomalous" and "normal" variant. We prefer to use the term 'vascular variation'for make it simple. Fenestration and duplication are two terms that can be confusing. Actually they describe different pathologies (Fig. 1). Page 6 of 64
7 Fig. 1: Simple schematic diagrams of the fenestration(f)and duplication(d). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Fenestration is used for an arterial lumen that divides into distinctly separate lumens with distal convergence (they may or may not share an adventitial layer) (1, 6). There may be increased risk of aneurysm formation but definite association has not been found. Duplication is used for two distinct arteries with separate origins and no distal arterial convergence (1, 6). Page 7 of 64
8 Double origin is a term that describes a vessel that forms from two separate vessels (7) (Fig. 2) Fig. 2: Schematic diagram of the double origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). VA: vertebral artery. References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Middle cerebral artery (MCA) Page 8 of 64
9 Early branching of the MCA: Early division of the MCA before insula (within 10 mm of its origin from the ICA) Clinical significance: No or little *Tips and Tricks: Do not call the anterior temporal branch (frontopolar branch) as an early bifurcation. It is the first branch of the MCA M1 (Fig. 3). Look at the big parting of the ways!!! Fig. 3: CT angiography 3D image shows anterior temporal branch (frontopolar branch), the first branch of the MCA M1 (arrows). Do not call these early braching of the MCA. Look for the big bifurcation (arrowheads). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Trifurcation: More than two divisions (Fig. 4) Clinical significance: No or little Page 9 of 64
10 *Tips and Tricks: It is a frequent finding and easy to recognize. Do not call the anterior temporal branch (frontopolar branch) as a trifurcation. It is the first branch of the MCA M1 (Fig. 3). Look at the big parting of the ways!!! Fig. 4: CT angiography 3D image shows bilateral trifurcation of the MCA (arrowheads). There is also trifurcation of anterior cerebral artery (three A2 segments) (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Duplication: A vessel originates from ICA, courses parallel to the main MCA and supplies the anterior temporal lobe (Fig. 5). Clinical significance: Rarely may be associated with aneurysm formation at its origin (8) *Tips and Tricks: Duplication originates from ICA and accessory MCA originates from anterior cerebral artery (ACA)!!! Compare anatomy with other side to recognize the variation!!! Page 10 of 64
11 Fig. 5: CT angiography 3D image shows duplication of the MCA, a small branch that originates from ICA (long arrow).there is also ipsilateral A1 hypoplasia (short arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Accessory MCA: A vessel originates from ACA, courses parallel to the main MCA and supplies the anteriorinferior of the frontal lobe (Fig. 6, Fig. 7). Clinical significance: Aneurysm formation(9). Provide collateral supply to the distal MCA territory (1). *Tips and Tricks: Difficult to differentiate from the recurrent artery of Heubner (RAH). Accessory MCA courses parallel to the main MCA and has cortical territory but RAH do not course parallel to the main MCA and do not have cortical territory!!! (Fig. 8) Page 11 of 64
12 Fig. 6: CT angiography 3D image shows accessory MCA, a small branch that originates from ACA (arrow).there is also anterior communicating artery fenestration (arrowhead) and MCA trifurcation (double arrows). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Fig. 7: CT angiography 3D image shows accessory MCA, originates from ACA at the A1-A2 level (arrow). The vessel courses parallel to the main MCA. This feature helps differentiate it from the recurrent artery of Heubner. Page 12 of 64
13 References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Fig. 8: CT angiography 3D image shows recurrent artery of Heubner (arrowhead). The course of the artery is not parallel to the main MCA. It is medial lenticulostriate artery and does not have cortical territory. There is also early braching of the left MCA (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Fenestration: Very rare. Usually located in the proximal portion of the M1 segment. Clinical significance: Unknown. Aneurysm formation? *Tips and Tricks: May be difficult to catch. Look at 3D images! (Fig. 9) Page 13 of 64
14 Fig. 9: CT angiography 3D image shows fenestration of the distal portion of the middle cerebral artery M1 segment (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Anterior cerebral artery (ACA) Hypoplasia and aplasia of the ACA A1 segment: Hypoplasia is frequent, aplasia is rare (Fig. 5, Fig. 10) Clinical significance: Most or all of the territory may be supplied by contralateral normalsized ACA. In the thromboembolic disease, this may cause increased risk of infarction (10). *Tips and Tricks: To differentiate aplasia and hypoplasia, look for thin-slice maximum intensity projection (MIP) images! In the event of subarachnoid hemorrhage small vessel size may be due to vasospasm!!! Page 14 of 64
15 Fig. 10: CT angiography 3D image shows absence of the left ACA A1 segment (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Trifurcation: Presence of three A2 segments. Third artery represents persistence of the median callosal artery (1, 11). (Fig. 4) Clinical significance: unknown *Tips and Tricks: An additional third A2 segment arising from anterior communicating artery and coursing parallel to the other segments!!! Page 15 of 64
16 Fig. 4: CT angiography 3D image shows bilateral trifurcation of the MCA (arrowheads). There is also trifurcation of anterior cerebral artery (three A2 segments) (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Bihemispheric ACA: Hypoplasia of one A2 segment. Bilateral major arterial supply is from the other, dominant A2 segment. (Fig. 11) Clinical significance: Thromboembolism of the dominant A2 segment results in ischemia of both hemispheres (1) *Tips and Tricks: Precence of a thin A2 segment help differentiate bihemispheric ACA from azygos ACA!!! Page 16 of 64
17 Fig. 11: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates bihemispheric ACA. Dominant A2 segment that supplies both ACA territories has operated aneurysm at the level of furcation (short arrow). The smaller, nondominant A2 segment (arrowhead) courses parallel to the dominant segment. There is small aneurysm at MCA bifurcation (double arrows). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Azygos ACA: Single midline A2 represents persistence of the median callosal artery (Fig. 12). Clinical significance: May be associated with holoprosencephaly and various congenital anomalies. May be associated with aneurysm formation. Occlusion of the single A2 results in ischemia of both hemispheres (12) *Tips and Tricks: Make sure that there is no other A2 segment to differentiate azygos ACA from bihemispheric ACA!!! Page 17 of 64
18 Fig. 12: CT angiography 3D image demonstrate azygos ACA, a single midline A2 trunk (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Fenestration: Very rare (Fig. 13) Clinical significance: unknown, aneurysm formation? *Tips and Tricks: May be difficult to catch. Look at both MIP and 3D images!!! Page 18 of 64
19 Fig. 13: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates fenestration of the distal portion of the right ACA A1 segment (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Anterior communicating artery (ACoA) Fenestration and duplication: Common (Fig. 14) Clinical significance: Aneurysm formation? *Tips and Tricks: Sometimes they may be mistaken for an aneurysm. Look at both MIP and 3D images to differentiate!!! Page 19 of 64
20 Fig. 14: CT angiography 3D image shows aneurysm formation associated with fenestration of the AcoA (arrow). Arrowheads indicate posterior communicating artery infundibulum. References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Absence: Absence of the AcoA (Fig. 15) Clinical significance: It is one of the main collateral supplies at the circle of Willis. *Tips and Tricks: Look at a thin slice MIP images to make sure that it is absent!!! Page 20 of 64
21 Fig. 15: CT angiography 3D image shows absence of the AcoA (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Anterior choroidal artery (AChA) and posterior communicating artery (PcoA) Hyperplastic AChA: Prominent AChA, larger than usual (Fig. 16). Clinical significance: The temporo-occipital branches of the PCA may arise from the AChA. *Tips and Tricks: Be aware AChA-PcoA confusion! AChA originates supraclinoid ICA above the PcoA!!! Fig. 16: CT angiography 3D image shows prominent, hyperplastic AChA (arrow). Arrowhead indicates prominent PcoA (fetal origin of the PCA, partial). Do not mistake Page 21 of 64
22 fetal origin of the PCA with hyperplastic AChA because it also originates from ICA, but little bit lower level, but continues with PCA P2 segment (double arrowheads) References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Infundibulum: Cone-shaped dilatation at the origin of the artery, smaller 2 mm, usually symmetric (Fig. 14) Clinical significance: Should be distinguished from aneurysm. *Tips and Tricks: PcoA arises from the apex of a cone-shaped infundibulum and the base of the infundibulum is located at the ICA (Fig. 17). Fig. 17: CT angiography sagittal thin slice MIP image demonstrates the PcoA arising from the apex of a cone-shaped infundibulum (arrow). The AChA is originating from the supraclinoid ICA above the PcoA (double arrows). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Absence of the PcoA: Page 22 of 64
23 Absence of the one or both PcoA Clinical significance: It is one of the main collateral supplies at the circle of Willis. *Tips and Tricks: Look at a thin-slice MIP images to make sure that it is absent!!! Fenestration: Very rare (Fig. 18) Clinical significance: unknown, aneurysm formation? *Tips and Tricks: May be difficult to catch. Look at 3D images!!! Page 23 of 64
24 Fig. 18: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates fenestration of distal portion of the PcoA (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) Fetal origin of the PCA: The embryonic posterior cerebral artery fails to regress (PcoA is prominent). There is ipsilateral the same size or hypoplastic PCA P1 segment (partial type). Rarely P1 is absent (full type fetal PCA) (14) (Fig. 16, Fig. 19) Clinical significance: Dominant blood supply to the occipital lobes comes from ICA. ICA atheromatous disease may cause PCA territory stroke *Tips and Tricks: Look at a thin slice MIP images to make sure that ipsilateral PCA P1 is absent!!! Fig. 19: CT angiography 3D image shows prominent PcoA (double arrowheads) with ipsilateral hypoplasia of the PCA P1 segment (arrowhead) (fetal origin of the PCA, partial). There is also basilar artery fenestration (double arrows). Page 24 of 64
25 References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Fenestration: Extremely rare (Fig. 20) Clinical significance: unknown, aneurysm formation? *Tips and Tricks: May be difficult to catch. Look at 3D images!!! Fig. 20: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates fenestration of the PCA P1 segment (arrow). Page 25 of 64
26 References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Basilar artery (BA) and vertebral artery (VA) BA fenestration: Common (Fig. 19). Can be seen in various forms! (Fig. 21 a-d) Clinical significance: Aneurysm formation *Tips and Tricks: Look like broken zipper!!! Sometimes they may be mistaken for an aneurysm. Look at both MIP and 3D images to differentiate!!! Page 26 of 64
27 Fig. 21: (a-d). CT angiography 3D images show various types of basilar artery or vertebrobasilar fenestration (arrows). There is also an aneurysm associated with BA fenestration in d (arrows) References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR VA Fenestration: Very rare (Fig. 22) Clinical significance: unknown, aneurysm formation? *Tips and Tricks: May be missed!!! 3D images are very helpful! Page 27 of 64
28 Fig. 22: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates fenestration of the VA extradural and extraforaminal (V3) segment (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR VA hypoplasia: VA is less than 2.0 mm in diameter. Clinical significance: May be predisposing factor for posterior circulation cerebral ischemic events (15). Page 28 of 64
29 *Tips and Tricks: Look at all other images and trace vertebral artery to make sure that it is not an occlusion or a dissection!!! VA continuation as PICA: Equal-sized VA and PICA with hypoplasia of the ipsilateral VA (Fig. 23). Clinical significance: May change vascular stroke areas at cerebellum. *Tips and Tricks: Look at all other images and trace vertebral artery to make sure that it is not a VA occlusion or stenosis distal to its PICA branch!!! Page 29 of 64
30 Fig. 23: CT angiography 3D image shows equal-sized vertebral artery (short arrow) and PICA (double arrows). Vertebral artery has hypoplasia just after its PICA branch (arrowhead). There is also a basilar artery fenestration and associated aneurysm (long arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Superior cerebellar artery (SCA) Duplication: Two SCA with separate origins and no distal convergence (Fig. 24a). Clinical significance: Unknown *Tips and Tricks: Look at MIP images to identify! Early bifurcation: Bifurcation of the SCA before expected distal portion (Fig. 24b). Clinical significance: Unknown *Tips and Tricks: Look at MIP images to identify! Common trunk of the PCA and SCA: SCA and PCA P1 segment have common origin (Fig. 24c). Clinical significance: May be associated with cranial nerve compression (16) *Tips and Tricks: Sometimes it can resemble aneurysm at 3D images. Look at MIP images to differentiate!!! SCA originating from PCA: SCA take its origin from PCA rather than BA (Fig. 24d). Clinical significance: Unknown *Tips and Tricks: BA looks like open zipper in the upper segment! Page 30 of 64
31 Fig. 24: CT angiography 3D images show variations of the SCA (arrows). (a) Duplication, (b) early bifurcation, (c) SCA and PCA originating as a common trunk, (d) bilateral SCA originating from PCA. References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Fenestration: Extremely rare Clinical significance: Unknown, aneurysm formation?. May predispose vessel occlusion (thinner vessels)? *Tips and Tricks: May be difficult to catch. Look at thin-slice MIP images!!! Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) Duplication of AICA, PICA: Page 31 of 64
32 Two vessels with separate origins, without distal arterial convergence Clinical significance: May predispose vessel occlusion (thinner vessels)? May change vascular stroke areas at cerebellum *Tips and Tricks: May be difficult to catch. Look at thin-slice MIP images!!! Double origin of the PICA: Two PICA with separate origins and distal arterial convergence (Fig.1, Fig. 25) Clinical significance: May predispose vessel occlusion (thinner vessels)? *Tips and Tricks: May be difficult to catch. Look at thin-slice MIP images!!! Page 32 of 64
33 Fig. 25: CT angiography 3D image shows double origin of the PICA, two distinct PICA with separate origins and distal convergence (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Extradural origin of the PICA: PICA originates from proximal to the intracranial segment of the VA (Fig. 26). Clinical significance: May change surgical approach. May be origin of the subarachnoid hemorrhage due to associated aneurysm *Tips and Tricks: Trace vertebral artery carefully to look for origin of the PICA! Page 33 of 64
34 Fig. 26: CT angiogram 3D image demonstrates the PICA that takes its origin proximal to the intracranial segment of the vertebral artery, extradural origin of the PICA (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Fenestration: Extremely rare Clinical significance: May predispose occlusion (thinner vessels)? *Tips and Tricks: Very difficult to catch. Look at thin-slice MIP images!!! Page 34 of 64
35 Internal carotid artery (ICA) Fenestration: Very rare (Fig. 27) Clinical significance: May be mistaken for an aneurysm. *Tips and Tricks: May be difficult to catch. Look at both MIP and 3D images!!! Page 35 of 64
36 Fig. 27: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates fenestration of the internal carotid artery (arrow). References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Persistent Carotid-Basilar Artery Anastomoses: Failure of carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses to regress during embryonic development (1). These are the trigeminal (Fig. 28), otic, hypoglossal and proatlantal intersegmental arteries from cephalic to caudal. Clinical significance: It is precence may change surgical approach. May be associated with aneurysm (17). May be responsible for ischemia and cranial nerve neuralgia (1) *Tips and Tricks: Suspect when there is an additional vessel between ICA and BA, with and without BA hypoplasia distal to the anastomosis!!! Be aware they may be seen in various configurations! Fig. 28: CT angiography (a) coronal and (b) axial MIP images show the persistent trigeminal artery, the most common and most cephalic of the persistent carotidvertebrobasilar anastomoses. There is an additional branch between BA and ICA (arrows) that courses lateral to the sella. References: Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/ Izmir/TR Page 36 of 64
37 Images for this section: Fig. 1: Simple schematic diagrams of the fenestration(f)and duplication(d). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 37 of 64
38 Fig. 2: Schematic diagram of the double origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). VA: vertebral artery. Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 38 of 64
39 Fig. 3: CT angiography 3D image shows anterior temporal branch (frontopolar branch), the first branch of the MCA M1 (arrows). Do not call these early braching of the MCA. Look for the big bifurcation (arrowheads). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 39 of 64
40 Fig. 4: CT angiography 3D image shows bilateral trifurcation of the MCA (arrowheads). There is also trifurcation of anterior cerebral artery (three A2 segments) (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Fig. 5: CT angiography 3D image shows duplication of the MCA, a small branch that originates from ICA (long arrow).there is also ipsilateral A1 hypoplasia (short arrow). Page 40 of 64
41 Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Fig. 6: CT angiography 3D image shows accessory MCA, a small branch that originates from ACA (arrow).there is also anterior communicating artery fenestration (arrowhead) and MCA trifurcation (double arrows). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 41 of 64
42 Fig. 7: CT angiography 3D image shows accessory MCA, originates from ACA at the A1-A2 level (arrow). The vessel courses parallel to the main MCA. This feature helps differentiate it from the recurrent artery of Heubner. Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Fig. 8: CT angiography 3D image shows recurrent artery of Heubner (arrowhead). The course of the artery is not parallel to the main MCA. It is medial lenticulostriate artery and does not have cortical territory. There is also early braching of the left MCA (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 42 of 64
43 Fig. 9: CT angiography 3D image shows fenestration of the distal portion of the middle cerebral artery M1 segment (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Fig. 10: CT angiography 3D image shows absence of the left ACA A1 segment (arrow). Page 43 of 64
44 Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Fig. 11: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates bihemispheric ACA. Dominant A2 segment that supplies both ACA territories has operated aneurysm at the level of furcation (short arrow). The smaller, nondominant A2 segment (arrowhead) courses parallel to the dominant segment. There is small aneurysm at MCA bifurcation (double arrows). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 44 of 64
45 Fig. 12: CT angiography 3D image demonstrate azygos ACA, a single midline A2 trunk (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 45 of 64
46 Fig. 13: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates fenestration of the distal portion of the right ACA A1 segment (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 46 of 64
47 Fig. 14: CT angiography 3D image shows aneurysm formation associated with fenestration of the AcoA (arrow). Arrowheads indicate posterior communicating artery infundibulum. Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Fig. 15: CT angiography 3D image shows absence of the AcoA (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 47 of 64
48 Fig. 16: CT angiography 3D image shows prominent, hyperplastic AChA (arrow). Arrowhead indicates prominent PcoA (fetal origin of the PCA, partial). Do not mistake fetal origin of the PCA with hyperplastic AChA because it also originates from ICA, but little bit lower level, but continues with PCA P2 segment (double arrowheads) Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 48 of 64
49 Fig. 17: CT angiography sagittal thin slice MIP image demonstrates the PcoA arising from the apex of a cone-shaped infundibulum (arrow). The AChA is originating from the supraclinoid ICA above the PcoA (double arrows). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 49 of 64
50 Fig. 18: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates fenestration of distal portion of the PcoA (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 50 of 64
51 Fig. 19: CT angiography 3D image shows prominent PcoA (double arrowheads) with ipsilateral hypoplasia of the PCA P1 segment (arrowhead) (fetal origin of the PCA, partial). There is also basilar artery fenestration (double arrows). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 51 of 64
52 Fig. 20: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates fenestration of the PCA P1 segment (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 52 of 64
53 Fig. 21: (a-d). CT angiography 3D images show various types of basilar artery or vertebrobasilar fenestration (arrows). There is also an aneurysm associated with BA fenestration in d (arrows) Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 53 of 64
54 Fig. 22: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates fenestration of the VA extradural and extraforaminal (V3) segment (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 54 of 64
55 Fig. 23: CT angiography 3D image shows equal-sized vertebral artery (short arrow) and PICA (double arrows). Vertebral artery has hypoplasia just after its PICA branch (arrowhead). There is also a basilar artery fenestration and associated aneurysm (long arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 55 of 64
56 Fig. 24: CT angiography 3D images show variations of the SCA (arrows). (a) Duplication, (b) early bifurcation, (c) SCA and PCA originating as a common trunk, (d) bilateral SCA originating from PCA. Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 56 of 64
57 Fig. 25: CT angiography 3D image shows double origin of the PICA, two distinct PICA with separate origins and distal convergence (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 57 of 64
58 Fig. 26: CT angiogram 3D image demonstrates the PICA that takes its origin proximal to the intracranial segment of the vertebral artery, extradural origin of the PICA (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 58 of 64
59 Fig. 27: CT angiography 3D image demonstrates fenestration of the internal carotid artery (arrow). Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 59 of 64
60 Fig. 28: CT angiography (a) coronal and (b) axial MIP images show the persistent trigeminal artery, the most common and most cephalic of the persistent carotidvertebrobasilar anastomoses. There is an additional branch between BA and ICA (arrows) that courses lateral to the sella. Radiology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital - Karabaglar/Izmir/TR Page 60 of 64
61 Conclusion Vascular variations of the cerebral and cerebellar arteries are common and can be noninvasively evaluated by CT angiography. Radiologist should identify and report these vascular variations because they may have a clinical significance. Page 61 of 64
62 Personal information Yeliz Pekcevik Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Radiology Izmir/Turkey Page 62 of 64
63 References Dimmick SJ, Faulder KC. Normal variants of the cerebral circulation at multidetector CT angiography. Radiographics 2009; 29: Jayaraman MV, Mayo-Smith WW, Tung GA, et al. Detection of intracranial aneurysms: multi-detector row CT angiography compared with DSA. Radiology 2004; 230: Meaney JF, Sallomi DF, Miles JB. Transhypophyseal primitive trigeminal artery: demonstration with MRA. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1994; 18: Hashimoto M, Urasaki E, Tsujigami S, et al. Ruptured aneurysm associated with partially duplicated posterior communicating artery-case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2002; 42:23-6. Songur A, Gonul Y, Ozen OA, et al. Variations in the intracranial vertebrobasilar system. Surg Radiol Anat 2008; 30: Parmar H, Sitoh YY, Hui F. Normal variants of the intracranial circulation demonstrated by MR angiography at 3T. Eur J Radiol 2005; 56: Lesley WS, Rajab MH, Case RS. Double origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery: association with intracranial aneurysm on catheter angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007; 189: Takahashi T, Suzuki S, Ohkuma H, et al. Aneurysm at a duplication of the middle cerebral artery. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994; 15: Kuwabara S, Naitoh H. Ruptured aneurysm at the origin of the accessory middle cerebral artery: case report. Neurosurgery 1990; 26: Yamaguchi K, Uchino A, Sawada A, et al. Bilateral anterior cerebral artery territory infarction associated with unilateral hypoplasia of the A1 segment: report of two cases. Radiat Med 2004; 22: Pekcevik Y, Hasbay E, Oncel D. Colloid cyst of the third ventricle associated with anterior cerebral artery trifurcation and agenesis of the corpus callosum: findings on MRI and CT angiography. Pediatr Radiol 2012; 42: Okahara M, Kiyosue H, Mori H, et al. Anatomic variations of the cerebral arteries and their embryology: a pictorial review. Eur Radiol 2002; 12: van Rooij SB, van Rooij WJ, Sluzewski M, et al. Fenestrations of intracranial arteries detected with 3D rotational angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 30: van Raamt AF, Mali WP, van Laar PJ, et al. The fetal variant of the circle of Willis and its influence on the cerebral collateral circulation. Cerebrovasc Dis 2006; 22: Katsanos AH, Kosmidou M, Kyritsis AP, et al. Is vertebral artery hypoplasia a predisposing factor for posterior circulation cerebral ischemic events? A comprehensive review. Eur Neurol 2013;70: Oizumi T, Ohira T, Kawase T. Angiographic manifestations and operative findings with 70 cases of hemifacial spasm: relation of common trunk anomalies. Keio J Med 2003; 52: Page 63 of 64
64 17. Caldemeyer KS, Carrico JB, Mathews VP. The radiology and embryology of anomalous arteries of the head and neck. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1998;170: Page 64 of 64
How to recognize the variations of the cerebral vasculature? CT angiography snapshot
How to recognize the variations of the cerebral vasculature? CT angiography snapshot Award: Cum Laude Poster No.: C-0412 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: Y. Pekcevik; Karabaglar/Izmir/TR
More informationVariations of the cerebellar arteries at CT angiography
DOI 10.1007/s00276-013-1208-z Original Article Variations of the cerebellar arteries at CT angiography Yeliz Pekcevik Ridvan Pekcevik Received: 28 July 2013 / Accepted: 14 September 2013 / Published online:
More informationMultidetector computed tomographic (CT) angiography : FREQUENTLY ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF THE CIRCLE WILLIS ICONOGRAPHIC REVIEW
Multidetector computed tomographic (CT) angiography : FREQUENTLY ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF THE CIRCLE WILLIS ICONOGRAPHIC REVIEW Dra. Ximena González Larramendi Dr. Fernando Landó Baison ABSTRACT: Objetives:
More informationVariants and vascular anomalies of supra-aortic trunks and circle of Willis: A Pictorial Review.
Variants and vascular anomalies of supra-aortic trunks and circle of Willis: A Pictorial Review. Poster No.: C-1479 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: M. M. Padilla Deza, D. Rodriguez,
More informationDetectability of unruptured intracranial aneurysms on thinslice non-contrast-enhanced CT
Detectability of unruptured intracranial aneurysms on thinslice non-contrast-enhanced CT Poster No.: C-9 Congress: ECR 5 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: M. Nakadate, Y. Iwasa, M. Kishino, U. Tateishi;
More informationMR imaging at 3.0 tesla of glossopharyngeal neuralgia by neurovascular compression
MR imaging at 3.0 tesla of glossopharyngeal neuralgia by neurovascular compression Poster No.: C-1281 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: M. Nishihara 1, T. Noguchi 1, H. Irie 1, K. Sasaguri
More informationA pictorial review of normal anatomical appearences of Pericardial recesses on multislice Computed Tomography.
A pictorial review of normal anatomical appearences of Pericardial recesses on multislice Computed Tomography. Poster No.: C-1787 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: N. Ahmed 1, G. Avery
More informationAssessment of Vasospasm and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Current concepts and Value of CT Perfusion and CT Angiography
Assessment of Vasospasm and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Current concepts and Value of CT Perfusion and CT Angiography Poster No.: C-2563 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Educational
More information"Ultrasound measurements of the lateral ventricles in neonates: A comparison of multiple measurements methods."
"Ultrasound measurements of the lateral ventricles in neonates: A comparison of multiple measurements methods." Poster No.: C-1557 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Educational Exhibit I.
More informationCruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome: anatomical and pathologic imaging of periumbilical venous network
Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome: anatomical and pathologic imaging of periumbilical venous network Poster No.: C-0442 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: J. Isogai, H. Sakamoto ; Asahi/JP,
More informationCT and MR findings of systemic lupus erythematosus involving the brain: Differential diagnosis based on lesion distribution
CT and MR findings of systemic lupus erythematosus involving the brain: Differential diagnosis based on lesion distribution Poster No.: C-2723 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Educational Exhibit Topic: Neuro
More informationExtra- and intracranial tandem occlusions in the anterior circulation - clinical outcome of endovascular treatment in acute major stroke.
Extra- and intracranial tandem occlusions in the anterior circulation - clinical outcome of endovascular treatment in acute major stroke. Poster No.: C-1669 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Scientific Exhibit
More informationCT perfusion in Moyamoya disease
CT perfusion in Moyamoya disease Poster No.: C-1726 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: K. C. Lam, C. P. Tsang, K. K. Wong, R. LEE ; HK, Hong Kong/HK Keywords: Hemodynamics / Flow dynamics,
More informationAFib is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and its prevalence and incidence increases with age (Fuster V. et al. Circulation 2006).
Feasibility, image quality and radiation dose of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) in patients with atrial fibrillation using a new generation 256 multi-detector CT (MDCT) Poster No.: C-2378 Congress: ECR
More informationIdentification and numbering of lumbar vertebrae using various anatomical landmarks on MRI of lumbosacral spine
Identification and numbering of lumbar vertebrae using various anatomical landmarks on MRI of lumbosacral spine Poster No.: C-2125 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Authors: Scientific Exhibit S. patil 1, A. M.
More informationRole of 3D T2 weighted imaging at 3T in evaluation of cranial nerve pathologies - An overview
Role of 3D T2 weighted imaging at 3T in evaluation of cranial nerve pathologies - An overview Poster No.: C-1153 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: V. Kasi Arunachalam 1, R. Renganathan
More informationApplication of three-dimensional angiography in elderly patients with meningioma
Application of three-dimensional angiography in elderly patients with meningioma Poster No.: C-0123 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Scientific Paper Authors: X. Han, J. Chen, K. Shi; Haikou/CN Keywords: Neuroradiology
More informationHow to plan a Zenith AAA stent-graft from a CTA: Basic measurements and concepts explained
How to plan a Zenith AAA stent-graft from a CTA: Basic measurements and concepts explained Poster No.: C-3077 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Educational Exhibit Topic: Vascular Authors: D. V. Thomas; Northampton/UK
More informationPopliteal pterygium syndrome
Popliteal pterygium syndrome Poster No.: C-1816 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: L. B. S. Santos, J. L. D. O. Schiavon, O. O. Guimaraes Neto, 1 1 2 3 1 1 C. A. P. Braga, R. S. LEMOS,
More informationTreatment options for endoleaks: stents, embolizations and conversions
Treatment options for endoleaks: stents, embolizations and conversions Poster No.: C-0861 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit G. Lombardi; napoli/it Arteries / Aorta, Abdomen,
More informationA New Trend in Vascular Imaging: the Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) Sequence
A New Trend in Vascular Imaging: the Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) Sequence Poster No.: C-1347 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: J. Hodel, A. GUILLONNET, M. Rodallec, S. GERBER, R. 1
More informationHigh density thrombi of pulmonary embolism on precontrast CT scan: Is it dangerous?
High density thrombi of pulmonary embolism on precontrast CT scan: Is it dangerous? Poster No.: C-1753 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit B. Y. Lee, H. R. KIM, J. I. Jung,
More informationBRAIN DEATH - The contribution of cerebral angiography. A 5-years experience.
BRAIN DEATH - The contribution of cerebral angiography. A 5-years experience. Poster No.: C-1170 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: I. Georgiou 1, V. KARTSOUNI 2, G. STAINHAUER 3, N.
More informationLow-dose computed tomography (CT) protocol in the screening of patients with social exposure to asbestos
Low-dose computed tomography (CT) protocol in the screening of patients with social exposure to asbestos Poster No.: C-3032 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Scientific Exhibit Topic: Radiographers Authors: P.
More informationScientific Exhibit. Authors: D. Takenaka, Y. Ohno, Y. Onishi, K. Matsumoto, T.
The feasibility of biphasic contrast-media-injection-protocol for chest imaging on 320-slice volume MDCT: Direct comparison of biphasic and bolus contrast-media injection protocols on 320-slice volume
More informationS. Inagawa, N. Yoshimura, Y. Ito; Niigata/JP spinal sacral areteriovenous fistulae, CTA, MRA /ecr2010/C-2581
Localization of sacral spinal arteriovenous fistulae in reference to the dural structure with CTA and MRA of high spatial resolution: A pictorial essay Poster No.: C-2581 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Educational
More informationFibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) of the renal arteries Angiographic features and therapeutic options
Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) of the renal arteries Angiographic features and therapeutic options Poster No.: C-0630 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: K. I. Ringe, B. Meyer, F. Wacker,
More informationThe "filling defect" sign helps localise the site of intracranial aneurysm rupture on an unenhanced CT
The "filling defect" sign helps localise the site of intracranial aneurysm rupture on an unenhanced CT Poster No.: C-3380 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Topic: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Educational Exhibit Neuro
More informationMedian arcuate ligament syndrome. An unfrequent cause of abdominal pain.
Median arcuate ligament syndrome. An unfrequent cause of abdominal pain. Poster No.: C-2093 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: L. Caminero, M. L. Rozas, M. E. Banegas Illescas, J. A.
More information3D ultrasound applied to abdominal aortic aneurysm: preliminary evaluation of diameter measurement accuracy
3D ultrasound applied to abdominal aortic aneurysm: preliminary evaluation of diameter measurement accuracy Poster No.: C-0493 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Paper A. LONG
More informationMonophasic versus biphasic contrast application in CT of patients with head and neck tumour
Monophasic versus biphasic contrast application in CT of patients with head and neck tumour Poster No.: C-3331 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Topic: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit Head and Neck G.
More informationRadiological features of Legionella Pneumophila Pneumonia
Radiological features of Legionella Pneumophila Pneumonia Poster No.: E-0048 Congress: ESTI 2012 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: M. Vinciguerra, L. Stefanetti, E. Teti, G. Argentieri, L. G. 1 1 1 1 1
More informationChronology of normal brain myelination in newborns with MR imaging
Chronology of normal brain myelination in newborns with MR imaging Poster No.: C-0577 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit F. Fernandez Usagre; Sevilla/ES Neuroradiology
More informationIdiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery : radiographic and MDCT features in 6 cases
Idiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery : radiographic and MDCT features in 6 cases Poster No.: P-0075 Congress: ESTI 2014 Type: Authors: Educational Poster J. J. Woo 1, K. Y. Lee 2, Y. Cho 1, J.
More informationThe "whirl sign". Diagnostic accuracy for intestinal volvulus.
The "whirl sign". Diagnostic accuracy for intestinal volvulus. Poster No.: C-0670 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: M. Pire, M. Marti, A. Borobia, A. Verón; Madrid/ES Keywords: Abdomen,
More informationAcute abdominal venous thromboses- the hyperdense noncontrast CT sign
Acute abdominal venous thromboses- the hyperdense noncontrast CT sign Poster No.: C-1095 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: M. Goldstein, K. Jhaveri; Toronto, ON/CA Keywords: Abdomen,
More informationAnatomical Variations of the Levator Scapulae Muscle - an MR Imaging Study
Anatomical Variations of the Levator Scapulae Muscle - an MR Imaging Study Poster No.: R-0016 Congress: 2015 ASM Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: J. Au, A. Webb, G. Buirski, P. Smith, M. Pickering, D.
More informationAnalysis between clinical and MRI findings of childhood and teenages with epilepsy after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in neonates periods
Analysis between clinical and MRI findings of childhood and teenages with epilepsy after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in neonates periods Poster No.: C-0401 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Scientific Exhibit
More informationLumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae
Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae Poster No.: C-073 Congress: ECR 206 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: M. Mustapic, R. Vukojevi#, M. Gulin, D. Marjan, I. Boric ; 2 2 Zagreb/HR, Zabok/HR Keywords: Congenital,
More information64-MDCT imaging of the pancreas: Scan protocol optimisation by different scan delay regimes
64-MDCT imaging of the pancreas: Scan protocol optimisation by different scan delay regimes Poster No.: C-051 Congress: ECR 2009 Type: Scientific Exhibit Topic: Abdominal and Gastrointestinal Authors:
More informationRadiographic and statistical analysis of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations.
Radiographic and statistical analysis of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Poster No.: C-0996 Congress: ECR 2017 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: C. E. Rodriguez 1, A. Lopez Moreno 1, D. Sánchez Paré
More informationThrombus hounsfield unit on CT predicts vascular recanalization in stroke patients
Thrombus hounsfield unit on CT predicts vascular recanalization in stroke patients Poster No.: C-2616 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Scientific Exhibit Topic: Neuro Authors: H. F.Termes, J. Puig, J. Daunis-i-Estadella,
More informationWhole brain CT perfusion maps with paradoxical low mean transit time to predict infarct core
Whole brain CT perfusion maps with paradoxical low mean transit time to predict infarct core Poster No.: B-292 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Scientific Paper Topic: Neuro Authors: S. Chakraborty, M. E. Ahmad,
More informationSpectrum of Cranio-facial anomalies during 2 Ultrasound. trimester on
Spectrum of Cranio-facial anomalies during 2 Ultrasound nd trimester on Poster No.: C-0378 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: K. Dave, S. Solanki; Ahmedabad/IN Keywords: Obstetrics (Pregnancy
More informationCT assessment of acute coalescent mastoiditis.
CT assessment of acute coalescent mastoiditis. Poster No.: C-1794 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Educational Exhibit Topic: Head and Neck Authors: A. Thomson, S. J. Thomas, A. Hutchings, E. Tilley; Portsmouth/UK
More informationA Randomized Controlled Study to Compare Image Quality between Fenestrated and Non-Fenestrated Intravenous Catheters for Cardiac MDCT
A Randomized Controlled Study to Compare Image Quality between Fenestrated and Non-Fenestrated Intravenous Catheters for Cardiac MDCT Poster No.: C-0623 Congress: ECR 2017 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI:
More informationPulmonary infarction semiology in CT. Revision of 80 cases.
Pulmonary infarction semiology in CT. Revision of 80 cases. Poster No.: C-0369 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: M. González Vázquez, D. Castellon, J. Calatayud, N. Silva 1 2 1 1 1 1
More informationEffectiveness of ONYX liquid embolic agent in endovascular treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations - own experience
Effectiveness of ONYX liquid embolic agent in endovascular treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations - own experience Poster No.: C-0709 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: K.
More informationOptimal Site for Bone Graft Harvesting from the Iliac Bone
Optimal Site for Bone Graft Harvesting from the Iliac Bone Poster No.: P-0095 Congress: ESSR 2015 Type: Scientific Poster Authors: B. Batohi 1, A. Isaac 1, J. Edwin 1, A. Hussain 1, J. Kumaraguru 1, L.
More informationSeemingly isolated greater trochanter fractures do not exist
Seemingly isolated greater trochanter fractures do not exist Poster No.: B-0950 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Scientific Paper Authors: D. Dunker, J. H. Göthlin, M. Geijer ; Gothenburg/SE, Lund/SE Keywords:
More informationValsalva-manoeuvre or prone belly position for computed tomography (CT) scan when an orbita varix is suspected: a single-case study.
Valsalva-manoeuvre or prone belly position for computed tomography (CT) scan when an orbita varix is suspected: a single-case study. Poster No.: C-0512 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI:
More informationThe role of abdominal CT and MRI in detection of complications after transplantations of liver, kidney and pancreas.
The role of abdominal CT and MRI in detection of complications after transplantations of liver, kidney and pancreas. Poster No.: C-1319 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: R. Muslimov,
More informationLong bones manifestations of congenital syphilis
Long bones manifestations of congenital syphilis Poster No.: C-0139 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: T. F. de Souza 1, P. P. Collier 1, E. J. M. Bronzatto 1, G. L. P. Keywords: DOI:
More informationMRI of carotid atherosclerotid plaques
MRI of carotid atherosclerotid plaques Poster No.: C-0208 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: N. Ananyeva, T. Rostovtseva, R. Ezhova, O. Zheleznyakova, K. Laptev; Saint-Petersburg/RU Keywords:
More informationOligodendroglioma: imaging findings, radio-pathological correlation and evolution
Oligodendroglioma: imaging findings, radio-pathological correlation and evolution Poster No.: C-2104 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit A. Hernandez Castro, M. D. Monedero
More informationDuret hemorraghe caused by traumatic brain injury: what the radiologist should know.
Duret hemorraghe caused by traumatic brain injury: what the radiologist should know. Poster No.: C-1270 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: P. Dewachter 1, T. Vanderhasselt 1, K. De Smet
More informationEvaluation of renal angiomyolipoma: correlation between Doppler ultrasound and angiography
Evaluation of renal angiomyolipoma: correlation between Doppler ultrasound and angiography Poster No.: C-2058 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Paper M. D. Stern, Z. Dotan, Y.
More informationEmerging Referral Patterns for Whole-Body Diffusion Weighted Imaging (WB-DWI) in an Oncology Center
Emerging Referral Patterns for Whole-Body Diffusion Weighted Imaging (WB-DWI) in an Oncology Center Poster No.: C-1296 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: G. Petralia 1, G. Conte 1, S.
More informationA transradial approach for carotid artery stenting
A transradial approach for carotid artery stenting Poster No.: C-0494 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: K. Haraguchi 1, K. Toyama 2, M. Nagai 2, N. Matsuura 2, T. Itou 2 ; 1 2 Hakodate,
More informationCarotid intima media thickness as an usefull tool in predicting cerebrovaskular events
Carotid intima media thickness as an usefull tool in predicting cerebrovaskular events Poster No.: C-0005 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit A. Rahimic - Catic; Sarajevo/BA
More informationBolus administration of esmolol allows for safe and effective heart rate control during coronary computed tomography angiography
Bolus administration of esmolol allows for safe and effective heart rate control during coronary computed tomography angiography Poster No.: C-1342 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors:
More informationNeonatal Spinal Ultrasound Imaging - A Pictorial Review from The Royal Liverpool Children Hospital, Alder Hey, Liverpool
Neonatal Spinal Ultrasound Imaging - A Pictorial Review from The Royal Liverpool Children Hospital, Alder Hey, Liverpool Poster No.: C-0081 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: K. Chetcuti,
More informationAbsence or hypoplasia of the terminal portion of 1 vertebral
ORIGINAL RESEARCH I.M. Burger F. Siclari L. Gregg P. Gailloud Bilateral Segmental Agenesis of the Vertebrobasilar Junction: Developmental and Angiographic Anatomy BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Bilateral vertebrobasilar
More informationCierny-Mader classification of chronic osteomyelitis: Preoperative evaluation with cross-sectional imaging
Cierny-Mader classification of chronic osteomyelitis: Preoperative evaluation with cross-sectional imaging Poster No.: C-590 Congress: ECR 2009 Type: Topic: Educational Exhibit Musculoskeletal Authors:
More informationFeasibility of contrast agent volume reduction on 640-slice CT coronary angiography in patients with low heart rate
Feasibility of contrast agent volume reduction on 640-slice CT coronary angiography in patients with low heart rate Poster No.: B-0742 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Paper
More informationCerebral malaria: MR imaging spectrum
Cerebral malaria: MR imaging spectrum Poster No.: C-2705 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Educational Exhibit Topic: Neuro Authors: P. S. Naphade, M. D. Agrawal, S. S. Sankhe, K. M. Siva, B. K. Jain; Mumbai/IN
More informationTERSON SYNDROM : about three cases reports
TERSON SYNDROM : about three cases reports Poster No.: C-2544 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: Z. Jamaleddine, M. M. Cherkaoui, A. Elquessar; Rabat/MA Keywords: Eyes, Head and neck,
More informationSpinal and para-spinal plexiform neurofibromas in NF1 patients, a clinical-radiological correlation study
Spinal and para-spinal plexiform neurofibromas in NF1 patients, a clinical-radiological correlation study Poster No.: C-1846 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: M. Mauda-Havakuk, B. Shofty,
More informationUser Guide for Dental and Maxillofacial Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)
User Guide for Dental and Maxillofacial Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Poster No.: C-0756 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: J. Ukkonen, J. Asp; Helsinki/FI Keywords: Education
More informationEndovascular treatment of extracranial carotid aneurysms
Endovascular treatment of extracranial carotid aneurysms Poster No.: C-2028 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Scientific Exhibit Topic: Interventional Radiology Authors: M. Szczerbo-Trojanowska, T. Jargie##o, M.
More informationScientific Exhibit Authors:
Clinical Audit on Optimization of Radiation Dose from MDCT: Effect on Diagnostic Reference Levels for Brain, Sinus, Cervical Spine, Chest, Abdomen-Pelvis, and Lumbar Spine Examinations and on Nationwide
More informationComparison of Image quality in temporal bone MRI at 3T using 2D selective RF excitation versus a routine SPACE sequence
Comparison of Image quality in temporal bone MRI at 3T using 2D selective RF excitation versus a routine SPACE sequence Poster No.: C-1065 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit
More informationMDCT signs differentiating retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal lesions- diagnostic pearls
MDCT signs differentiating retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal lesions- diagnostic pearls Poster No.: C-0987 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: D. V. Bhargavi, R. Avantsa, P. Kala; Bangalore/IN
More information3D cine PCA enables rapid and comprehensive hemodynamic assessment of the abdominal aorta
3D cine PCA enables rapid and comprehensive hemodynamic assessment of the abdominal aorta Poster No.: C-1138 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: M. Takahashi 1, Y. Takehara 2, H. Isoda
More informationHigh-resolution ultrasound of the elbow - didactic approach.
High-resolution ultrasound of the elbow - didactic approach. Poster No.: C-2358 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: C. M. Olchowy, M. Lasecki, U. Zaleska-Dorobisz; Wroclaw/PL Keywords:
More information128-slice dual-source CT coronary angiography using highpitch scan protocols in 102 patients
128-slice dual-source CT coronary angiography using highpitch scan protocols in 102 patients Poster No.: C-0634 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Scientific Exhibit Topic: Cardiac Authors: Y. H. Choe, J. W. Lee,
More informationCT evaluation of small bowel carcinoid tumors
CT evaluation of small bowel carcinoid tumors Poster No.: C-0060 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: N. V. V. P. Costa, L. Nascimento, T. Bilhim ; Estoril/PT, PT, 1 2 3 1 2 3 Lisbon/PT
More informationSicle-cell disease and silent cerebral infarcts evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging
Sicle-cell disease and silent cerebral infarcts evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging Poster No.: C-0243 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: E. Solomou, A. Rigopoulou, P. Kraniotis,
More informationDiffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) "claw sign" is useful in differentiation of infectious from degenerative Modic I signal changes of the spine
Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) "claw sign" is useful in differentiation of infectious from degenerative Modic I signal changes of the spine Poster No.: C-0894 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Scientific Exhibit
More informationComputed tomographic dacryocystography as compared with X-ray dacryocystography in patients with dacryostenosis
Computed tomographic dacryocystography as compared with X-ray dacryocystography in patients with dacryostenosis Poster No.: C-1887 Congress: ECR 2016 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Educational Exhibit M.
More informationUrachal cyst: radiological findings and review of cases.
Urachal cyst: radiological findings and review of cases. Poster No.: C-0334 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: I. Álvarez Silva 1, A. M. Fernández Martínez 1, T. Cuesta 1, S. Molnar Fuentes
More informationQuantitative imaging of hepatic cirrhosis on abdominal CT images
Quantitative imaging of hepatic cirrhosis on abdominal CT images Poster No.: C-0556 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit S. Kido, A. Nakamura, Y. Hirano; Ube/JP Cirrhosis,
More informationEducational Exhibit Authors:
Endoleaks in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Endoprosthesis: What radiologists need to know about Diagnostic, Characterization and Basic Management Strategies Poster No.: C-0150 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Educational
More informationRetrograde dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial artery access after failed antegrade angioplasty
Retrograde dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial artery access after failed antegrade angioplasty Poster No.: C-2067 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Topic: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit Interventional
More informationOur experience in the endovascular treatment of female varicocele
Our experience in the endovascular treatment of female varicocele Poster No.: C-0347 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit A. Sáez de Ocáriz García, M. M. Mendigana Ramos,
More informationMR imaging the post operative spine - What to expect!
MR imaging the post operative spine - What to expect! Poster No.: C-2334 Congress: ECR 2012 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: A. Jain, M. Paravasthu, M. Bhojak, K. Das ; Warrington/UK, 1 1 1 2 1 2 Liverpool/UK
More informationUreteropelvic Junction Obstruction (UPJO) syndrome: imaging with Multidetector CT (MDCT) prior to minimally invasive treatment
Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction (UPJO) syndrome: imaging with Multidetector CT (MDCT) prior to minimally invasive treatment Poster No.: C-1753 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: E.
More informationNormal Variations and Artifacts in MR Venography that may cause Pitfalls in the Diagnosis of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis.
Normal Variations and Artifacts in MR Venography that may cause Pitfalls in the Diagnosis of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis. Poster No.: R-0005 Congress: 2015 ASM Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: A.
More informationVocal cord paralysis: anatomical correlation and review of imaging findings.
Vocal cord paralysis: anatomical correlation and review of imaging findings. Poster No.: C-1019 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: E. Gomez 1, A. Quiles 1, M. Tobed 2, F. Reina de la
More informationEthanol ablation of benign thyroid cysts and predominantly cystic thyroid nodules: factors that predict outcome.
Ethanol ablation of benign thyroid cysts and predominantly cystic thyroid nodules: factors that predict outcome. Poster No.: C-0322 Congress: ECR 2014 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit J.
More informationSingle cold nodule in Graves' disease: benign vs malignant
Single cold nodule in Graves' disease: benign vs malignant Poster No.: C-0073 Congress: ECR 2011 Type: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Paper L. I. Sonoda, M. Halim, K. Balan; Cambridge/UK Head and neck,
More informationSubclavian steal syndrome: an underdiagnosed disease
Subclavian steal syndrome: an underdiagnosed disease Poster No.: C-0753 Congress: ECR 2017 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: R. O. Martins 1, M. C. Calegari 2, M. Lopes 3, L. Santos 3, L. Cruz 3, R. Vasconcelos
More informationArtifact in Head CT Images Due to Air Bubbles in X-Ray Tube Oil
Artifact in Head CT Images Due to Air Bubbles in X-Ray Tube Oil Poster No.: C-0671 Congress: ECR 2016 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: H. Patel 1, W. Liu 2, J. DeSanto 2, S. Meagher 2, M. Zagardo 2,
More informationMR imaging features of paralabral ganglion cyst of the shoulder
MR imaging features of paralabral ganglion cyst of the shoulder Poster No.: C-1482 Congress: ECR 2016 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: M. Bartocci, C. Dell'atti, E. Federici, D. Beomonte Zobel, V. Martinelli,
More informationAetiologies of normal CT main pulmonary arterial (PA) measurements in patients with right heart catheter (RHC) confirmed pulmonary hypertension (PH)
Aetiologies of normal CT main pulmonary arterial (PA) measurements in patients with right heart catheter (RHC) confirmed pulmonary hypertension (PH) Poster No.: C-0964 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Scientific
More informationPresence and severity of carotid siphon calcification on computed tomography images in mild cognitive impairment
Presence and severity of carotid siphon calcification on computed tomography images in mild cognitive impairment Poster No.: C-2117 Congress: ECR 2013 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: S. Rutkauskas, S.
More informationNormal and abnormal meningeal enhancement: MRI features
Normal and abnormal meningeal enhancement: MRI features Poster No.: C-3381 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Scientific Exhibit Topic: Neuro Authors: I. Hasni Bouraoui, W. Gamaoun, N. Mama, H. Moulahi, A. Daadoucha,
More informationOptimized phase contrast MRV technique outperforms timeof-flight in the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis
Optimized phase contrast MRV technique outperforms timeof-flight in the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis Poster No.: C-3377 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Topic: Authors: Keywords: DOI: Scientific Exhibit
More informationDiffusion-weighted imaging and ADC mapping in the differentiation of intraventricular brain tumors
Diffusion-weighted imaging and ADC mapping in the differentiation of intraventricular brain tumors Poster No.: C-2652 Congress: ECR 2010 Type: Educational Exhibit Topic: Neuro Authors: M. Gavrilov, T.
More informationThe tale of global hypoxic ischaemic injury
The tale of global hypoxic ischaemic injury Poster No.: C-0400 Congress: ECR 2016 Type: Educational Exhibit Authors: L. M. Zammit, R. Grech ; Paola/MT, Dublin 9/IE Keywords: CNS, CT, MR, Education, Computer
More information