6. Ayurvedic alcoholic beverages

Transcription

1 1 6. Ayurvedic alcoholic Sugar based Sarkara Gouda/ Gauda Sidhu Fruit based Mardvika/Kapisa Kharjura Jambava Cereal based Sura/kantoli/ kohali/ Yava Sura Kohalah and Tusambu Beverages prepared from cereals and/ or fruits with herbals Vibhitaka sura Varuni Madhuka mady Aksika (aksiki) Maireyah (triyoni) Sukta (vinegar) Dhanyamla (dhanyasukta) Sauvira and Sauviraka Aranala Tusodaka Kanjika Sandaki Cukra and Asuta Madhusukta, Gaudani (gudasukta), rasasuktani Tonic wines

2 Sugar based Alcoholic in Ayurveda Name of the Sarkara Sugar It is sweet smelling, sweet in taste and easily digestable. It is a cardiac tonic and digestive stimulant. It cleans the urinary bladder and alleviates vata. It is sweet in transformed state of ingested substances after digestion (vipaka), appetizer and stimulant of senses (indrya bodhana). Gouda Molasses It causes elimination of urine, faeces and flatus and increases hunger. It is refreshing, pungent, bitter and sweet in taste and nourishing. Gauda Woodfordia fruiticosa (L.) Kurz.](Dhataki) and jaggery Sita rasa or Sita rasika (Sidhu) Pakvarasa sidhu (Sidhu) Sasyaka (Sidhu) Unboiled sugarcane juice Boiled sugar cane juice Flowers of Woodfordia It promotes the power of digestion, complexion and strength. It eases passage of flatus and faeces and improves appetite. It improves digestion, voice and complexion, combat swelling, abdominal disorder, piles and useful for slimming. It is better than sita rasa. It aggravates vata and pitta and diseases of kapha, obesity, an excessive accumulation of fluid in any of the tissues or cavities of the body (dropsy), enlargement of abdomen and haemorrhoids (piles with painful swelling at the anus). It also promotes good voice, digestive power, strength and complexion. It is a cardiac tonic, unctuous and an appetizer. It cures constipation (vivandha), adiposity (medas), oedema ( sopha), piles (arsas), asthma (svasa), obstinate abdominal diseases including ascites (udara) and diseases caused by kapha relishing wholesome of kaphaja piles(a type of piles with increase in kapha). 1994; Valiathan, 2003; Valiathan, 2003; Valiathan, 2003; 1998; Valiathan, 2003, Sharma, 2004; Sekar, 2002; 1994, 1998; Sharma, 2004; -- Sharma, 2004; Sekar, Contd 2

3 Name of the Aksikah sidhu (Sidhu) Sidhu fruiticosa (L.) Kurz, ghee and jaggery Decoction of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. (bibhitaka), jaggery and Woodfordia fruiticosa (L.) Kurz.] (Dhataki) flowers. Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Madhuka) flower Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeel (jambu) fruit It alleviates anaemia and pitta, astringent, sweet and purifies blood. Sharma, 2004; Sekar, It is burning, appetizer, astringent, pacifies kapha while aggravates vata and pitta. Sharma, 2004; Sekar, It is anti diuretic, astringent and vata aggravating. Sharma, 2004; Sekar, 3

4 Fruit based Alcoholic in Ayurveda Name of the Mardvika/Kapisa Dry grapes It is the best among the alcoholic drinks. It is unctuous, sweet, laxative, appetizer, carminative (drug curing flatulence), cardiac tonic and nourishing. It promotes strength and semen. It causes acidity in stomach (amlapitta) and aggravation of vata. It does not cause burning sensation and it alleviates kapha. It cures anaemia (pandu), consumption or pulmonary tuberculosis (ksaya), obstinate urinary disorders including diabetes (meha), piles (arsas) and typhoid (visama jvara), hemorrhoids and intestinal parasites. Wine prepared from grapes is not contraindicated even in intrinsic hemorrhage because of its non-burning property and sweet taste. Kharjura Date fruits It aggravates vata, heavy and hard for digestion. It is a cardiac tonic, astringent, sweet and fragrant. It activates the senses (indriya bodhana). Jambava Juice of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeel (jambu), jaggery and honey 2002; 1994; Sharma, 2004; 1994; 2002, Sharma, 2004; This helps in the prevention of excretion (baddha nisyanda). 2002; Sekar, 4

5 Cereal based Alcoholic in Ayurveda Name of the Sura A mixture of flour of rice and jaggery Kantoli or Kohali Barley (Yava) paste and Phaseolus munga L. (masa) It cures abdominal lump, enlargement of abdomen, haemorrhoids, duodenal diseases and consumption (pulmonary tuberculosis). It is hard to digest, causes constipation, mitigates vata and causes increase of fat, blood, milk, urine and kapha. Sura is useful for treating emaciation, gaseous abdominal swelling, urinary obstruction, insufficient lactation and piles. It bestows strength, nourishment of breast milk and relieves dropsy and dysuria (difficulty and pain in urination). Yava Sura Barley It causes constipation and not easily digestable. It is pitta increasing slightly induces kapha and aggravates vata. 1994, 1998; Valiathan, 2003; ; 1994; Valiathan, 2003; Sharma, 2004; Kohalah Parched barley flour It vitiates three doshas and acts as non-aphrodisiac. Sharma, 2004; Sekar, Tusambu Uncooked and dehusked barley It is an appetizer, alleviates heart diseases, anaemia (panduroga) and worms. Dash and Kashyap2002; Sharma, 2004; Sekar, 5

6 Beverages prepared from cereals and/ or fruits with herbals in Ayurveda Name of the Vibhitaka sura Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. (vibhitaka) Varuni Boerhaavia diffusa L. (Punarnava) paste, rice and also prepared using Borassus flabellifer L. (tala) and dates (kharjura) juice. Madhuka madya Flowers of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (madhuka ). Aksika (aksiki) Bark of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. (aksa) and rice grains Maireyah (triyoni) Made by the refermentation of a mix of sura and asava Sukta (vinegar) Rhizomes, roots and fruits along with fat and salt in water Easily digestible, good for health, treats wounds, anaemia, leprosy and other skin diseases. It is easily digestible, mitigates rhinitis and pain. it is light and cures sinusitis (pinasa), flatulence (adhmana) and colic pain (sula). 1994; 1998; It aggravates vata and pitta. It is a promoter of strength, constipative, astringent, sweet and cooling. It alleviates pitta and promotes blood formation. Aksiki improves appetite; good for treating anaemia and worms. It is sweet, astringent and alleviates piles, kapha, gulma (gastritis), worms, fat and vata. It produces raktapitta (a disease characterized by bleeding from different parts of the body) and chedana (which takes away tissues like cutting). It cures anaemia (pandu) and parasitic infection (krmi). It is purgative, helps in the digestion of food, hot, diuretic, cardiac tonic, alleviator of kapha and pungent in vipaka. It is a good appetizer. Sukta causes intrinsic haemorrhage, digests foods and ama (indigestion), produces hoarseness of voice, alleviates kaphaja pandu (a type of anaemia with increase in kapha) and worms. 2002; Valiathan, 2003; 2002; Sharma, 2004; 1998; Sharma, 2004; Dhanyamla Rice, Paspalum It is purgative, penetrating, hot in potency, aggravates pitta, cold to Contd 6

7 Name of the (dhanyasukta) scrobiculatum L. (Kodrava) and some pulses Sauvira De-husked barley either raw or cooked and water Sauviraka or suviramla Aranala Either raw or cooked Triticum dicoccum Schubl.) Tusodaka Barley flour along with its husks Kanjika touch, relieves fatigue and exhaustion, increases appetite and hunger, cure pain of urinary bladder, ideal for use as asthapana (decoction of enema) for all patients, good to the heart, easily digestable, mitigates vata and kapha. It is useful in anorexia and diseases caused by vata. It is satmya (whole some) for persons residing on the sea coast. Dhanyamla is satiating and best suited in loss of taste. It cures duodenal diseases, diseases of kapha origin, purgative, kindles digestive fire, beneficial in upward movement of gas and body aches. It cures irritable bowel syndrome (grahani) and piles (arsas). It is digestive and useful in flatulence (udavarta), malaise (angamarda), pain in bones (asthi sula) and flatulence (anaha). 1994, 1998; Sekar, 1998; Sharma, 2004; Wheat ; Rhizomes, roots, fruits, kulmasa (half baked wheat) and dhanya manda (fermented cereals) and also prepared from rice and millet Fried balls of flour (Vataka) of black gram (masa) It shares all the properties of sauvira. 1998; It is a digestive stimulant and a cardiac tonic. It cures anaemia (pandu) and parasitic infection (krmi). It is hot and carminative. It vitiates pitta, blood and cures pain in the urinary bladder. It is purgative, hot, appetizer and carminative. When applied externally, it cures burning syndrome (daha) and fever. When taken internally, it alleviates vayu and kapha. Scum of gruel of cereals and other grains, kept undisturbed for some days and allowed to ferment become sour. It is bitter in taste, penetrating, hot in potency, helps taste, digestive, easily digestible, mitigates fever with burning sensation by touch (anointing) and mitigates vata and kapha by drinking. It is superior. It is easily digestible, relieves colic (severe pain in the abdomen), indigestion, constipation, accumulation of undigested materials and cleanses the urinary bladder. Persons suffering from 1998; 2002; Contd 7

8 Name of the Sandaki Cukra Kanjika mixed with Zingiber officinale Rosc. (ardraka )and salt fainting, giddiness, intoxication, itching, leprosy (and other skin diseases), bleeding diseases, anaemia, tuberculosis, emaciation, injury to lungs, exhaustion and mild fever are not suitable to drink kanjika, which shall lead to the aggravation of dosas in them. It is carminative and digestive stimulant. It alleviates rheumatism (amavata). Cereals It is a vitalizer, removes burning sensation by external application while intake pacifies vata, kapha and thirst. It expels mucus and by gargle alleviates abnormal taste, foul smell, dirt and dryness of mouth and also exhaustion. Leaves of Raphanus sativus L. (mulaka), mustard (rajika), leaves of radish (mulaka dala) and dough of rice flour (salipistaka) and water Fried balls of flour (Vataka) of Vigna mungo (L.) (mudga) 1 part jaggery, 2 parts honey, 4 parts dhanyamla, 8 parts lower portion of butter milk (mastu) and 16 parts water, a small quantity of the powder of trikatu (Zingiber 1998; 2002; Sekar, Sharma, 2004; Purgative in action. 1998; It is superior in quality. It alleviates vata. It is light, appetizer and carminative par excellence. It cures colic pain (sula), indigestion (ajirna) and constipation (vibandha). It cleanses the urinary bladder. Sandaki helps taste, hard for digestion and increases pitta and kapha. 1998; ; Contd 8

9 Name of the officinale Roxb., Piper nigrum L. and P. longum L.) Sugarcane juice, madhuka flowers and Coffea arabica L. (pilu). Asuta Tubers/rhizome and fruits Madhusukta Fruit juice of Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f. (jambira) mixed with Piper longum L. (pippalimula) ; This helps taste, digestive, mitigates vata and especially light for digestion. 1998; -- Sharma, 2004; Gaudani Jaggery, water, vasa -- Sharma, 2004; (gudasukta) (muscle fat) and oil Rasasuktani Sugarcane juice -- Sharma, 2004; Tonic wines Medicinal herbs in -- Dhiman, 2004; wine 9