Measuring Wellbeing and Sustainable Development

Transcription

1 Measuring Wellbeing and Sustainable Development SSI Sustainable Society Index by Geurt van de Kerk Finnish National Commission on Sustainable Development FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 1

2 Policy Defining policy requires: 1. Goals: where do we want to go? 2. Current position: where do we stand now? 3. Current direction: in which direction are we moving now? FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 2

3 1. Goals 1. More wealth? No Finite resources don t allow infinite growth not sustainable More wealth doesn t make Finnish people happier, or? FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 3

4 1. Goals 1. More wealth? No Finite resources don t allow infinite growth not sustainable More wealth doesn t make Finnish people happier, or? 2. More Human Wellbeing for all? Fine FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 4

5 1. Goals 1. More wealth? No Finite resources don t allow infinite growth not sustainable More wealth doesn t make Finnish people happier, or? 2. More Human Wellbeing for all? Fine 3. More Environmental Wellbeing? Great FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 5

6 1. Goals (2) Thusthegoal is: Growth in Human and Environmental Wellbeing, i.e. progress towards sustainability comprising all three dimensions of wellbeing: Human Wellbeing goal Environmental Wellbeing goal Economic Wellbeing means to achieve goals FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 6

7 2. Current position Sustainable Society Index Economic Wellbeing Environmental Wellbeing Human Wellbeing A sustainable society is a society that Economy Preparation for the Natural Resources Climate & Energy Healthy Environment 3. Wellbalanced Future Society II. Peronal Development I. Basic Needs meets the needs of the present generation, that doesn t compromise the ability of future Public Debt Employment Gross Domestic Products Genuine Savings OrganicFarming Material Consumptionn Biodiversity Forest Area Renewable Water Resources Energy Consumption Emission Greenhouse Gases Renewable Energy AA generations to meet their own needs, in which each individual has the opportunity to develop himself in freedom, within a well balanced society and in harmony with its surroundings. Surface Water Quality Air Quality (nature) Air Quality (human) Population Growth Income Ditribution Good Governance Gender Equality Education Opportunities Healthy Life 3. Safe Sanitation 2. Sufficient to Drink 1. Sufficient Food FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 7

8 2. Current position (2) Sustainable Society Index Economic Wellbeing Environmental Wellbeing Human Wellbeing Economy Preparation for the Natural Resources Climate & Energy Healthy Environment 3. Wellbalanced Future Society II. Peronal Development I. Basic Needs Public Debt Employment Gross Domestic Products Genuine Savings OrganicFarming Material Consumptionn Biodiversity Forest Area Renewable Water Resources Energy Consumption Emission Greenhouse Gases Renewable Energy Surface Water Quality Air Quality (nature) Air Quality (human) Population Growth Income Ditribution Good Governance Gender Equality Education Opportunities Healthy Life 3. Safe Sanitation 2. Sufficient to Drink 1. Sufficient Food FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 8

9 2. Current position (3) Sustainable Society Index Economic Wellbeing Environmental Wellbeing Human Wellbeing Economy Preparation for the Natural Resources Climate & Energy Healthy Environment Wellbalanced Future Society Peronal Development Basic Needs Public Debt Employment Gross Domestic Products Genuine Savings OrganicFarming Material Consumptionn Biodiversity Forest Area Renewable Water Resources Energy Consumption Emission Greenhouse Gases Renewable Energy Surface Water Quality Air Quality (nature) Air Quality (human) Population Growth Income Ditribution Good Governance Gender Equality Education Opportunities Healthy Life 3. Safe Sanitation 2. Sufficient to Drink 1. Sufficient Food FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 9

10 2. Current position (4) Sustainable Society Index Human Wellbeing Environmental Wellbeing Economic Wellbeing Basic Needs Peronal Development Wellbalanced Society Healthy Environment Climate & Energy Natural Resources Preparation for the Future Economy 1. Sufficient Food 2. Sufficient to Drink 3. Safe Sanitation 4. HealthyLife 5. Education Opportunities 6. Gender Equality 7. Good Governance 8. Income Distribution 9. Population Growth 10. Air Quality (humans) 11. Air Quality (nature) 12. Surface Water Quality 13. Renewable Energy 14. Emission Greenhouse Gases 15. Energy Consumption 16. Renewable Water Resources 17. Forest Area 18. Biodiversity 19. Material Consumption 20. Organic Farming 21. Genuine Savings 22. Gross Domestic Product 23. Employment 24. Public Debt FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 10

11 SSI Finland Indicator scores 2010 FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 11

12 SSI Finland SSI Finland Scores Categories 2010 Scores ,00 9,0 8,2 8,0 2,3 7,5 5,4 6, FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 12

13 SSI Finland ScoresWellbeing and SSI Scores Human Environm. Economic Wellbeing Wellbeing Wellbeing SSI FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 13

14 SSI Finland Ranking SSI 2006 SSI 2008 SSI 2010 rank score rank score rank score Switzerland Sweden Austria Norway Finland Latvia New Zealand Slovenia Luxembourg Denmark FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 14

15 3. Current direction Requires data across the years: Study Finland by Elina Kekkonen FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 15

16 SSI Finland Monitoring progress some adaptations data set: Air Quality (humans) Air Quality (nature) Biodiversity not completely comparable with SSI 2010 FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 16

17 SSI Finland SSI scores Finland 7 Scores 6 5 FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 17

18 SSI Finland ,0 SSI scores 7,5 7,0 Score es 6,5 60 6,0 5,5 5,0 Finland Netherlands FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 18

19 SSI Finland Wellbeing Human Wellbeing Scores Environmental Wellbeing Economic Wellbeing FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 19

20 SSI Finland Categories Score es Basic Needs Pers. Dev. Well bal. Soc. Healthy Env. Clim.&Energy Nat. Resourc. Prep. Future Economy FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 20

21 Priorities? FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 21

22 SSI headlines SSI covers 151 countries: 99.1% world population Two yearly updates: 2006, 2008, 2010 Organisation: Sustainable Society Foundation Validation: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (Ispra) FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 22

23 Development towards sustainability be the guide as well as the touchstone for all our policy. FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 23

24 Thank you for your attention. FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 24

25 SSI headlines SSI covers 151 countries: 99.1% world population Two yearly updates: 2006, 2008, 2010 Organisation: Sustainable Society Foundation Validation: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (Ispra) FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 25

26 SSF Partners / data suppliers EC JRC (Ispra) OECD Ecologic Institute CIESIN Columbia Univ. FiBL World Bank FAO WHO GFN World Economic Forum UN IUCN IEA Advisory Board SSF Board Geurt van de Kerk, president Charlotte Saltner, secretary Arthur Manuel, treasurer Experts 4 researchers, supported by many experts from all over the world FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 26

27 SSI Finland Possibilities for measuring tool 1. National SSI standard, d comparison 151 countries 2. National SSI tailor made, additional indicators 3. Regional SSI tailor made, additional indicators 4. Local SSI tailor made 5. Business SSI tailor made FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 27

28 Income and Happiness ess (Index) Happine Income per Person ($) Source: Inglehart, Klingemann, 2000 FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 28

29 Income and Happiness USA ppy Percentag ge very ha Real income per person Percentage very happy Source: Easterlin and Angelescu, 2007 FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 29

30 Income and Human Wellbeing Human Wellbeing Income being, SSI I 2010 scores Hum man Well GDP per capita per year (PPP, 2009) FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 30

31 The Evidence about the Long Run Income Happiness Nexus is Mixed andstill Controversial Income growth does not increase happiness over time Easterlin and co authors (2005, 2007, 2009), Layard et al. (2009) Income growth does increase happiness over time Helliwell (2002), Stevenson and Wolfers (2008), Deaton (2008), Blanchflower (2008) Income growth does increase happiness over time but not always and weakly Hagerty and Veenhoven (2000); Inglehart et al. (2008); Kenny (2005); Layard et al. (2010); Oswald (1997); Di Tella and MacCulloch (2008). FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 31

32 SSI Finland 10 Scores Wellbeing and SSI Score es Human Wellbeing Environm. Wellbeing Economic Wellbeing SSI FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 32

33 SSI Finland Indicators Scores Sufficient Food Sufficient to Drink Safe Sanitation 1 0 FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 33

34 SSI Finland Indicators Scores 9 9 Healthy Life Education Opportunities 8 Gender Equality 8 FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 34

35 SSI Finland Indicators 7 9 Scores Good dgovernance Income Distribution 1 Population Growth 0 FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 35

36 SSI Finland Indicators Scores Air Quality (humans) Air Quality (nature) 3 Surface Water Quality FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 36

37 SSI Finland Indicators Renewable Energy 8 Emission of GHGs 7 Energy Consumption Scores FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 37

38 SSI Finland Indicators Scores Renewable Water res. Forest Area Biodiversity FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 38

39 SSI Finland Indicators Scores Consumption Organic Farming Genuine Savings FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 39

40 SSI Finland Indicators Score es GDP per capita Employment Public Db Debt FNCSD February 16th, 2011 Helsinki 40