History and New Developments of Codling Moth Granulovirus

Transcription

1 History and New Developments of Codling Moth Granulovirus Jürg Huber BBA, Institute for Biological Control, Darmstadt

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3 Tanada 1964: J. Insect Pathol. 6,

4 USA Canada MicroGeneSys SAN SAN Sandoz Switzerland Germany Great Britain Andermatt Hoechst EU GCRI France Solvay INRA other European Countries Louis A. UC Falcon ETHZ GV-DA GV-DA BBA Falcon Benz Dickler / Huber IOBC/wprs x Australia Payne Burgerjon

5 2005 USA Canada Switzerland Germany Great Britain France other European Countries Certis Thermo Trilogy Cyd-X Cyd-X Biosys x Decyde Decyde MicroGeneSys Virosoft Virosoft CP4 CP4 BioTEPP x Specific-T-1 Specific-T-1 Madex Madex Andermatt Probis Agrevo Granupom Granupom Granusal Granusal Hoechst x AGC NPP Carpovirusine Carpovirusine Calliope Carpovirusine Carpovirusine Solvay

6 Field use of baculovirus in Germany / /01

7 Huber & Dickler 1977: J. Econ. Entomol. 70,

8 efficacy [%] dose-response relationship early instars (= fruit protection) late instars (= population control) 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 application-rate

9 Influence of addition of CpGV on CM population A: without granulovirus B: same as A + granulovirus date treatment kg;l/ha/m treatment kg;l/ha/m 06. May Appeal 13. May ME 605 Spritzpulver 0,25 Granupom 0, May Granupom 0, Jun Insegar 0,2 Granupom 0, Jun Mimic 0,25 Granupom 0, Jul Appeal 21. Jul Insegar 0,2 Granupom 0, Aug Insegar 0,2 Granupom 0, Aug ME 605 Spritzpulver 0,25 Granupom 0, Aug Granupom 0, larvae / tree 0.14 larvae / tree J. Kienzle; H. Gernoth; M. Litterst; C.P.W. Zebitz; J. Huber: IOBC/wprs Bulletin 26(1) (2003)

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11 orchards used in the sampling of codling moth populations in 2003 Orchard Exposure to CpGV CM control BW IM years good BW FN years sufficient BW FI 03 7 years poor lab-strain none

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15 % mortality Mortality in bioassays in 2004, after 6 days (Fritsch et al.,2005: Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd., 57 (2), 29-34) log concentration (G/ml diet) BW IM 03 BW FI 03 BW FN 03 lab-strain

16 % mortality Mortality in bioassays in 2004, after 14 days (Fritsch et al.,2005: Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd., 57 (2), 29-34) log concentration (G/ml diet) BW IM 03 BW FI 03 BW FN 03 lab-strain

17 dose response regression lines from bioassays (in 2004) after 14 days (Fritsch et al.,2005: Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd., 57 (2), 29-34) 7 98% 6,5 93% mortality (probit) 6 5,5 5 4,5 4 lab-strain BW IM 03 BW FI 03 BW FN 03 84% 69% 50% 31% 16% 3,5 7% log concentration (G/ml diet) 2%

18 bioassay-data 2005 (strains collected fall 2004) (Undorf-Spahn et al., unpubl.) Log LC X Lab-strain BW FI 04 S BW IM 04 SL SA 04 BW DE 04 RP NS 04 BW HA 04 BW FI 04 BW OK 04

19 dose response regression lines from bioassays (in 2005) after 14 days (Fritsch et al., 2006: Proceedings FÖKO Conference 2006, Weinsberg, 7-13) 8 BW FI 04 BW DE 04 7 SL SA 04 mortality (probit) 6 5 BW HA 04 BW FI 04 S BW IM 04 lab-strain 84 % log concentration (G/ml diet)

20 what? are the genetics of the resistance? how? stable and how persistent is the resistance? what can we do? does resistance spread or is it local? is it? already present in some CM populations?

21 new isolates of codling moth granulovirus Madex plus what can we do? Iranian isolate I 12 other new isolates?

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23 Thank You for Your Attention!