REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) FROM CHINA

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1 A N N A L E S Z O O L O G I C I (Warszawa), 2013, 63(2): REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) FROM CHINA WEN-JING LI, XIAO-SHENG CHEN and SHUN-XIANG REN * Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, Ministry of Education; College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou , China * rensxcn@yahoo.com.cn Abstract. The subgenus Allostethorus Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1972 of Stethorus Weise, 1885 from China is herein reviewed. Seventeen species of subgenus Allostethorus are documented from China, including eight new species described here: S. (A.) brevifoliatus sp. nov., S. (A.) gangliiformis sp. nov., S. (A.) inflatus sp. nov., S. (A.) magnus sp. nov., S. (A.) strenus sp. nov., S. (A.) tunicatus sp. nov., S. (A.) uncinellus sp. nov., and S. (A.) xinglongicus sp. nov. Diagnoses, detailed descriptions, illustrations and distributions are provided for each species and a key to Chinese species is given. Key words. Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Stethorus, subgenus Allostethorus, new species, China. INTRODUCTION The genus Stethorus is an important group of natural enemies, preying on mites. It was originally proposed by Weise (1885) as a subgenus of Scymnus, but in 1899 both Weise and Casey regarded it as a valid genus. The subgenus Allostethorus of Stethorus was established by Iablokoff-Khnzorian (1972) with S. (A.) amurensis as the type species based on the characters of male genitalia, particularly the different shape of short penis and stout penis guide. Subsequently, Pang and Mao (1975) erected the subgenus Parastethorus of Stethorus based particularly on male genitalia and incomplete postcoxal lines. However, it was promoted to a genus level by Ślipiński (2007). Dobzhansky (1924) erected the tribe Stethorini for the single genus Stethorus, subsequently Korschefsky (1931) synonymized Stethorini with Scymnini. Sasaji (1968) considered Stethorini as a valid tribe and classified Stethorini in the subfamily Scymninae (Sasaji 1967, 1968). However, molecular analysis (Seago et al. 2011) did not support Sasaji s result and Stethorini was synonymized with Coccidulini. They proposed only two subfamilies for the family Coccinellidae as suggested by Ślipiński (2007), Microweiseinae and Coccinellinae, and placed Stethorini in Coccinellinae. Stethorus is distributed worldwide, and up to now about 86 species are known from all over the world, and 30 species are belonging to subgenus Allostethorus. Pang and Mao (1975) made a comprehensive study on Stethorus from Chinese mainland including 12 species. Since then many species have been newly recorded from China or described as new to science (Cao and Xiao 1984, Xiao 1992, Yu 1995, 1996, Ren and Pang 1996). Until now, there have been 25 species of Stethorus known from China, 9 of them belonging to subgenus Allostethorus. In this paper, the subgenus Allostethorus of Stethorus with 17 species from China is reviewed, including 8 new species. MATERIAL AND METHODS The specimens examined were collected from China. All materials were preserved in 90% ethanol. PL ISSN Fundacja Natura optima dux doi: / X669586

2 320 W.-J. LI, X.-S. CHEN and S.-X. REN External morphology was observed with a dissecting stereoscope (SteREO Discovery V20). The following measurements were made with an ocular micrometer: TL length from apical margin of clypeus to apex of elytra, TW width across both elytra at widest part, TH height at highest part of elytra, HW head width at widest part, PL pronotal length at longest part, PW pronotal width at widest part, EL elytral length at longest part, EW elytral width across both elytra at widest part. Male and female genitalia were dissected, cleared in 10% solution of KOH by boiling for several minutes, and examined with an Olympus BX51 microscope. Images were generated with digital cameras (Axio- Cam HRc and Coolsnap-Procf & CRI Micro*Color), attached to the microscopes using AxioVision Rel. 4.8 and Image-Pro Plus 5.1 to capture images from both cameras, and photographs were cleaned up and laid out in plates with Adobe Photoshop CS 8.0. Terminology follows Ślipiński (2007). Type specimens of new species described in the present paper are deposited at the Department of Entomology, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China (SCAU). TAXONOMY genus Stethorus Weise, 1885 subgenus Allostethorus Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1972 subgenus Allostethorus Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1972: 120. Type species: Stethorus (Allostethorus) amurensis Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1972, by original designation. Diagnosis. The subgenus Allostethorus can be distinguished from subgenus Stethorus by short penis, stout penis guide, and tegminal strut longer than penis guide. In contrast subgenus Stethorus has slender penis and tegminal strut shorter than penis guide. subgenus Allostethorus can be distinguished from subgenus Parastethorus by complete abdominal postcoxal lines. Postcoxal lines of subgenus Parastethorus are incomplete and parameres have many short, stout setae on the inner side. Description. Body elongate oval, moderately convex, covered with dense pubescence. Color black; antennae, mouthparts, clypeus and legs piceous to yellowish-brown. Head transverse, eyes small, coarsely faceted. Clypeus subparallel laterally, slightly produced forward beyond anterior margin of eyes. Antenna 11-segmented, shorter than head capsule; scape and pedicel swollen, subequal in length, antennomere 3 short, antennal club 3 4 segmented (Fig. 2). Labrum transverse, with lateral margins subrounded. Mandibles apically bifid, with inner tooth distinctly smaller than outer tooth (Fig. 6). Terminal maxillary palpomere quadrate to weakly transverse (Fig. 3). Labial palps 3-segmented, second palpomere elongate, widening anteriorly, terminal palpomere conical (Fig. 5). Pronotum transverse, twice as broad as long in middle, anterior margin moderately emarginate, arcuate laterally and distinctly shorter than basal margin, lateral margins moderately rounded, forming acute angles with anterior margin. Scutellum usually small and triangular. Elytra times wider than pronotal base, with distinct humeral angles. Prosternal process without carinae (Fig. 7), convex medially and produced forward in middle in the form of a broad arch, which only partly covers mouthparts. Mesoventrite at middle, at least 0.5 times as long as mesocoxal diameter; mesal surface with emargination or deep fossa receiving prosternal process; anterior margin straight or arcuate, with raised border incomplete medially. Metaventrite broad, moderately elevated. Abdomen with six ventrites, abdominal postcoxal lines separated medially, recurved, complete, posteriorly distinctly separated from hind margin of ventrite 1 (Fig. 4). Legs moderately developed, femora not expanded but slightly channeled to accommodate base of slender and compressed tibiae; tarsi 3-segmented, claws bifid (Fig. 9). Key to species of subgenus Allostethorus from China 1. Abdominal postcoxal lines reaching about 1 / 2 length of 1 st abdominal ventrite Abdominal postcoxal lines beyond 1 / 2 length of 1st abdominal ventrite Apex of penis with membrane Apex of penis without membrane Apex of penis guide converging to blunt tip in ventral view Apex of penis guide truncate in ventral view amurensis Iablokoff-Khnzorian 4. Penis capsule distinct, with long outer process and indistinct inner one strenus sp. nov.. Penis capsule indistinct, without outer and inner process magnus sp. nov. 5. Penis guide stout, subrectangular in ventral view convexus Yu. Penis guide slender, subtriangular in ventral view dongchuanensis Cao et Xiao 6. Apex of penis curved, with hook-shaped appendage Apex of penis straight, without hook-shaped appendage

3 REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS FROM CHINA Parameres slightly shorter than penis guide Parameres slightly longer than penis guide brevifoliatus sp. nov. 8. Parameres without protuberances towards penis guide in lateral view Parameres with protuberances towards penis guide in lateral view klapperichi Yu 9. Penis guide narrow at base, widest in 1 / 4 length in lateral view binchuanensis Pang et Mao. Penis guide widest at base... uncinellus sp. nov. 10. Apex of penis with membranous appendage Apex of penis without membranous appendage Penis capsule with a long outer process and an indistinct inner one Penis capsule indistinct Penis swollen from apical 2 / 5 to apex inflatus sp. nov.. Penis widest at base, tapered to apex tunicatus sp. nov. 13. Penis guide nearly parallel at basal 2 / 3, gradually converging apically to a blunt tip in ventral view muriculatus Yu. Penis capsule indistinct. Penis guide bifurcated in ventral view vietnamicus Hoàng 14. Apex of penis simple Apex of penis complex Apex of penis truncate, bent outwardly from apical 1 / 6. Penis guide subtriangular in ventral view parapauperculus Pang. Apex of penis bent outwardly from apical 1 / 5. Penis guide nearly parallel at basal 3 / 4, with a blunt tip in ventral view xinglongicus sp. nov. 16. Apex of penis distinctly swollen gangliiformis sp. nov.. Apex of penis with long appendage chengi Sasaji Stethorus (Allostethorus) amurensis Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1972 (Figs 1 14, 96) Stethorus (Allostethorus) amurensis Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1972: 121. Stethorus (Allostethorus) shaanxiensis Pang et Mao, 1975: 420; synonymized by Yu, 2000: 142. Diagnosis. This species can be identified by the weakly swollen apex of penis with membranous appendage and dumbbell-shaped penis guide with truncate apex in ventral view. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: Body small, elongate oval, moderately convex, covered with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 1). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae yellow, mouthparts and legs yellowish brown. Head small, 0.58 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.72 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 1 / 2 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 4). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, apex slightly swollen, bent outwardly, with membranous gonopore at apex (Fig. 10). Tegmen stout, penis guide dumbbellshaped, widest at apical 1 / 3 length, distinctly constricted at middle; apex truncate in ventral view (Fig. 12). Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, distal end with sparse, long setae (Fig. 11). Female genitalia: coxites elongate and narrow, with outer and inner margin curving, base of outer margin with several gaps, each with several terminal setae (Fig. 13). Spermatheca C-shaped, sclerotised (Fig. 14). Material examined. 4 males and 2 females, Lishan, Yuanqu, Shanxi, 1200m, 3.VIII.2011; Wang XM leg. 1 male and 2 females, Lvshan, Beizhen, Liaoning, 200m, 22.VII.2011; Wang XM leg. Hubei: 1 male and 2 females, Muyu, Shennongjia National Natural Reserve, 1500m, 6.VII.1989; Ren SX leg; 6 males, Songbai, Shennongjia National Natural Reserve, 1000m, 16.VII. 1989, Ren SX leg; 4 males, Wudang Mountain, 1400m, 18.VII.1989, Ren SX leg. Distribution. China (Beijing, Shanxi, Liaoning, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi), Russia, Korea (Fig. 96). Stethorus (Allostethorus) binchuanensis Pang et Mao, 1975 (Figs 15 19, 96) Stethorus (Allostethorus) binchuanensis Pang et Mao, 1975: 419; Pang and Mao 1979: 36; Cao 1992: 113. Ren and Pang 1996: 324; Yu 1996: 33; Pang et al. 2004: 69; Kovár 2007: 591. Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (A.) klapperichi in shape of penis and abdominal postcoxal lines, but can be distinguished by the shape of penis guide which is narrow at base in lateral view, widest at 1 / 4 length thence tapered to apex. In S. (A.) klapperichi, penis guide is widest at base, tapered to apex in lateral view.

4 322 W.-J. LI, X.-S. CHEN and S.-X. REN Description. TL: 1.2 mm, TW: 0.93 mm, TH: 0.62 mm, TL/TW: 1.90, PL/PW: 0.42, EL/EW: Body small, elongate oval, moderately convex, covered with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 15). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae and mouthparts yellow, legs yellow but most part of femora dark brown. Head small, 0.57 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.75 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large, dense, separated by diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 2 / 3 length of 1st abdominal ventrite (Fig. 16). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, tapered at 1 / 9 to apex, with a hook-shaped process. Penis capsule with long outer process and short inner one (Fig. 17). Tegmen stout, penis guide subtriangular in ventral view (Fig. 19), narrow at base, widest in 1 / 4 length, tapered to apex in lateral view (Fig. 18). Parameres slightly shorter than penis guide, distal end with a group of long setae (Fig. 18). Material examined. Holotype. male, No.74623, Binchuan, Yunnan, 1500m, 10.V.1974; Mao JL leg. Paratypes. 2 males with data same as holotype. Distribution. China (Yunnan) (Fig. 96). Stethorus (Allostethorus) brevifoliatus sp. nov. (Figs 20 25, 96) Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (A.) klapperichi in shape of penis and abdominal postcoxal lines, but can be distinguished by parameres widest at base, tapered to apex in lateral view. Parameres of S. (A.) klapperichi with protuberances towards penis guide from 1 / 6 length to apex in lateral view. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: with dense, long white pubescence (Fig. 20). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae and mouthparts yellow, legs yellow but most part of femora brown. Head small, 0.54 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.78 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by diameter, with sparse, long white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 2 / 3 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 21). Male genitalia: penis stout and short. Apex of penis hook-shaped, bent outwardly at 1 / 5 to apex. Penis capsule with long outer process and an indistinct inner one (Fig. 22). Tegmen stout, penis guide subtriangular in shape widest at base, gradually converging apically to a blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 24). Parameres slightly longer than penis guide, distal end with a group of short setae (Fig. 23). Female genitalia: coxites elongate and narrow, outer and inner margin curving (Fig. 25). Types. Holotype. male, No. SCAU (E) 14380, Dadugang, Puer, Yunnan, 950 m, 26.IV.2008, Ren SX leg. Paratypes. 1 male and 3 females with same data as holotype. Distribution. China (Yunnan) (Fig. 96). Etymology. The species name refers to penis guide slightly shorter than parameres. Stethorus (Allostethorus) chengi Sasaji, 1968 (Figs 26 30, 96) Stethorus chengi Sasaji, 1968: 4. Stethorus (Allostethorus) chengi: Pang and Mao 1975: 419; 1979: 34; Ren and Pang 1996: 324; Yu 1996: 32; 1997: 714; 2011: 113; Pang et al. 2004: 69; Kovár 2007: 591; Ren et al. 2009: 48. Diagnosis. This species can be identified by the following characters: penis gradually narrowing to apex, then distinctly swollen and truncate at its tip, provided with a rather long appendage narrowing towards apex. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 26). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae, mouthparts, and legs yellow. Head small, 0.61 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.74 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to

5 REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS FROM CHINA 323 those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 3 / 5 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 27). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, gradually narrowing to apex, then distinctly swollen and truncate at its tip, provided with rather long appendage which is narrowed toward apex. Penis capsule with long outer process and short inner one (Fig. 28). Tegmen stout, penis guide subtriangular, widest at base, gradually converging apically to blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 30). Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, distal end with group of long setae (Fig. 29). Material examined. 1 male and 2 females, Haopingshi, Taibaixian, Shaanxi, 1100 m, 29.VIII.2006; Wang XM leg. 1 male, Yaoluoping, Yuexi, Anhui, 1000 m, 28.IX.2010; Wang XM leg. 3 females, Taihe, Jiangxi, 960 m, 12.VIII.2006; Wang XM leg. Hubei: 3 males, Xiangxi, 5.VII.1989; Ren SX leg. 5 males, Songbai, Shennongjia National Natural Reserve, 1000 m, VII.1989; Ren SX leg. Hunan: 2 males, Zhangjiajie, 1300 m, 10.VII.1990; Tian MY leg. 2 males, Jishou, 800 m, 16.VII.1990; Ren SX leg. Distribution. China (Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Taiwan) (Fig. 96). Stethorus (Allostethorus) convexus Yu, 1996 (Figs 31 35, 96) Stethorus (Allostethorus) convexus Yu, 1996: 33; Yu 1997: 715; Pang et al. 2004: 69; Kovár 2007: 591. Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (A.) vagans by male genitalia, but can be separated from it by the penis guide subrectangular in ventral view. Penis guide of S. (A.) vagans is dome-shaped and apically bifurcated in ventral view. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm. with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 31). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae and mouthparts yellowish brown, legs brown but most part of femora dark brown. Head small, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter. Eyes small and oval. Pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 1 / 2 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 32). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, bent outwardly at 1 / 4 to apex and with protuberances. Penis capsule swollen with long outer process and short inner one (Fig. 33). Tegmen extremely stout, penis guide widest in apical 1 / 7 length, gradually converging apically to a blunted tip in ventral view (Fig. 35). Parameres approximately equal to penis guide, distal end with a group of long setae (Fig. 34). Material examined. Holotype. male, Beidaihe, Hebei, 1200m, 8.VIII.1994, Yu Guoyue leg. Paratypes. 5 males and 5 females with same data as holotype. Distribution. China (Beijing, Hebei, Hubei, Sichuan) (Fig. 96). Stethorus (Allostethorus) dongchuanensis Cao et Xiao, 1984 (Figs 36 38, 96) Stethorus (Allostethorus) dongchuanensis Cao et Xiao, 1984: 124; Cao 1992: 115; Ren and Pang 1996: 324; Yu 1996: 33; Pang et al. 2004: 69; Kovár 2007: 592. Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other Stethorus (Allostethorus) species by the following characters: apex of penis blunt with small protuberances, penis guide nearly parallel at basal 3 / 5, gradually converging apically to a pointed tip in ventral view. Description. TL: 1.35 mm, TW: 1.00 mm. with dense, long, white pubescence. Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae and mouthparts reddish brown, legs reddish brown but most part of femora dark brown. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching about 1 / 2 length of abdominal ventrite 1. Male genitalia: penis stout and short, blunt with small protuberances at apex (Fig. 37). Penis capsule with long outer process and short inner one (Fig. 36). Tegmen stout, penis guide nearly parallel at basal 3 / 5, gradually converging apically to pointed tip in ventral view. Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, distal end with group of long setae (Fig. 38).

6 324 W.-J. LI, X.-S. CHEN and S.-X. REN Material examined. Holotype. male, No , Dongchuan, Yunnan, 1500 m, 19.VIII.1982, Xiao NN leg. Distribution. China (Yunnan) (Fig. 96). Stethorus (Allostethorus) gangliiformis sp. nov. (Figs 39 45, 96) Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (A.) binchuanensis in penis guide in lateral view and abdominal postcoxal lines, but can be distinguished by penis with distinctly swollen apex. Penis of S. (A.) binchuanensis is tapered at apical 1 / 9 and with a hook-shaped process. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: Body small, elongate oval, moderately convex, covered with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 39). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae yellow and mouthparts testaceous, legs yellow. Head small, 0.60 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.68 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, moderately dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 2 / 3 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 40). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, apex of penis distinctly swollen. Penis capsule with long outer process and an indistinct inner one (Fig. 41). Tegmen stout, penis guide nearly parallel at basal 2 / 3, gradually converging apically to blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 43). In lateral view, penis guide narrow at base, widest at 1 / 5 length, tapered to apex (Fig. 42). Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, with several long apical setae (Fig. 42). Female genitalia: coxites elongate and narrow, outer and inner margin curving, each with several terminal setae (Fig. 44). Spermatheca C-shaped, sclerotised (Fig. 45). Types. Holotype. male, No. SCAU (E) 14558, Heiwadi Town, Gongshan, Yunnan, 2020 m, 19.VII.2010, Li WJ leg. Paratypes. 4 females with same data as holotype. Distribution. China (Yunnan) (Fig. 96). Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin gangliiformis referring to its apex of penis distinctly swollen. Stethorus (Allostethorus) inflatus sp. nov. (Figs 46 50, 96) Diagnosis. This species closely resembles S. (A.) silvestris, but can be distinguished by the different shape of penis apex. Penis of S. (A.) inflatus sp. nov. is swollen at apical 2 / 5 with a membranous appendage. In S. (A.) silvestris, penis is bent outwardly at apical 1 / 3. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: 1.41, PL/PW: , EL/EW: with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 46). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae yellow, mouthparts testaceous, legs yellow but most part of femora brown and part of tibia brown. Head small, 0.53 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.75 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 2 / 3 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 47). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, swollen at apical 2 / 5, with membranous appendage. Penis capsule with long outer process and short inner one (Fig. 48). Tegmen stout, penis guide subtriangular, widest at base, gradually converging apically to blunted tip in ventral view (Fig. 50). In lateral view, penis guide nearly parallel along basal half, abruptly constricted apically to pointed tip (Fig. 49). Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, with several long apical setae (Fig. 49). Types. Holotype. male, No. SCAU (E) 14275, Longyuan Village, Dulong River, Gongshan, Yunnan, 1690 m, 24.VII.2010, Li WJ leg. Paratypes. 1 male Ailao Mountain, Jingdong, Yunnan, 2000m, 1.X.2006, Wang XM leg. 1 male Pailong, Bomi, Tibet, 2370m, 5.XI.2007, Wang XM leg. Distribution. China (Yunnan, Tibet) (Fig. 96).

7 REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS FROM CHINA 325 Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin and refers to the swollen apex of penis. Stethorus (Allostethorus) klapperichi Yu, 1995 (Figs 51 55, 96) Stethorus klapperichi Yu, 1995: 125. Stethorus (Allostethorus) klapperichi: Ren and Pang 1996: 324; Yu 1996: 33; Pang et al. 2004: 70; Kovár 2007: 592. Diagnosis. This species closely resembles S. (A.) yezoensis and S. (A.) binchuanensis in a shape of penis and abdominal postcoxal lines, but can be distinguished from them by the hind margin of abdominal ventrite 6 distinctly emarginate and parameres with protuberances towards penis guide at apical 1 / 6 in lateral view. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 51). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae yellow, mouthparts yellowish brown, legs yellow but most part of femora yellowish brown. Head small, 0.69 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.7 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 3 / 5 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 52). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, bent outwardly from apical 1 / 4 to apex, with a hook-shaped tip. Penis capsule with long outer process and short inner one (Fig. 53). Tegmen stout, penis guide nearly parallel at basal 4 / 5, gradually converging apically to blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 55). Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, with protuberances towards penis guide at apical 1 / 6 (Fig. 54). Material examined. Holotype. No , Fenqihu, Taiwan, 1400 m, 10.VI.1977, J. Klapperich leg. Paratypes. 4 males, Fenqihu, Taiwan, 1400 m, VI. 1977, J. Klapperich leg. 2 males, Leiwuqi, Changdu, Tibet, 3500 m, 20.IX.2011, Li WJ leg. Distribution. China (Tibet, Taiwan) (Fig. 96). Stethorus (Allostethorus) magnus sp. nov. (Figs 56 60, 97) Diagnosis. This species closely resembles S. (A.) strenus sp. nov. and S. (A.) silvestris, but can be distinguished from them by the indistinct penis capsule and the different shape of penis apex, the length of parameres and abdominal postcoxal lines. In S. (A.) silvestris parameres are distinctly shorter than penis guide, and postcoxal lines reach up to 2 / 3 length of abdominal ventrite 1. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 56). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae yellow and mouthparts testaceous, legs yellow but most part of femora brown. Head small, 0.6 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.7 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, moderately dense, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 1 / 2 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 57). Male genitalia: penis extremely stout, membranous from apical 1 / 5 to apex. Penis capsule indistinct (Fig. 58). Tegmen stout, penis guide widest at base, nearly parallel along 1 / 2 length, and then gradually converging apically to blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 60). In lateral view, penis guide nearly parallel at basal half and abruptly constricted apically to pointed tip (Fig. 59). Parameres slightly shorter than penis guide, with several long apical setae (Fig. 59). Types. Holotype. male, No. SCAU (E) 14585, Cibagou, Chayu, Tibet, 2000 m, 13.X.2007, Wang XM leg. Paratypes. 2 males with same data as holotype. Distribution. China (Tibet) (Fig. 97). Etymology. The species name derived from Latin refers to the extremely stout penis. Stethorus (Allostethorus) muriculatus Yu, 1995 (Figs 61 65, 97) Stethorus muriculatus Yu, 1995: 126.

8 326 W.-J. LI, X.-S. CHEN and S.-X. REN Stethorus (Allstethorus) muriculatus: Ren and Pang 1996: 324; Yu 1996: 33; 2011: 114; Pang et al. 2004: 70; Kovár 2007: 592. Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (A.) yezoensis, but can be distinguished from it by the apex of penis with sacciform, membranous gonopore and penis capsule indistinct. S. (A.) yezoensis has a distinct penis capsule, and penis with a hook-shaped process. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 61). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae and mouthparts yellowish brown, legs dark brown. Head small, 0.54 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.76 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 2 / 3 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 62). Male genitalia: penis stout and short. Apex of penis simple, with sacciform, membranous gonopore, penis capsule indistinct (Fig. 63). Tegmen stout, penis guide nearly parallel along basal 2 / 3, gradually converging apically to blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 65). Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, distal end with group of long setae (Fig. 64). Material examined. Holotype. No , Fenqihu, Taiwan, 1400 m, 13.VI.1977, J. Klapperich leg. Paratypes. 3 males and 3 females, Ali Mountain, Taiwan, 2400m, 13.VI.1977, J. Klapperich leg. Distribution. China (Taiwan) (Fig. 97). Stethorus (Allostethorus) parapauperculus Pang, 1966 (Figs 66 70, 97) Stethorus parapauperculus Pang, 1966: 79. Stethorus (Allostethorus) parapauperculus: Pang and Mao 1975: 419; 1979: 45; Cao 1992: 114; Ren and Pang 1996: 325; Yu 1996: 32; Pang et al. 2004: 70; Kovár 2007: 592. Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (A.) pauperculus, but can be distinguished from it by the subtriangular penis guide in ventral view. In S. (A.) pauperculus, penis guide is widest at base, nearly parallel along 2 / 3 length, and then gradually converging apically to a blunt tip in ventral view. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: Body small, elongate oval, moderately convex, covered with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 66). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae and mouthparts yellow, legs yellow but most part of femora brown. Head small, 0.57 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.77 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and moderately dense, separated by their diameters, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 2 / 3 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 67). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, apex of penis simple and truncate, bent outwardly from apical 1 / 6 to apex. Penis capsule with long outer process and short inner one (Fig. 68). Tegmen stout, penis guide subtriangular, widest at base, gradually converging apically to blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 70). Parameres slightly shorter than penis guide, distal end with group of long setae (Fig. 69). Material examined. Holotype. male, Nada, Hainan, 144 m, V.1964, Pang XF leg. Paratypes. 5 males and 1 female with same data as holotype. Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan) (Fig. 97). Remark. S. (A.) hirashimai described by Sasaji (1968) as a new species was based on four female specimens, from Taiwan, China; however, Ren and Pang (1996) considered it is very similar to S. parapauperculus, in the characters of male genitalia described by Yang and Wu (1972). Stethorus (Allostethorus) strenus sp. nov. (Figs 71 75, 97) Diagnosis. This species closely resembles S. (A.) magnus sp. nov. and S. (A.) slivestris, but can be distinguished from S. (A.) magnus by the different shape of penis capsule which is indistinct in S. (A.) magnus.

9 REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS FROM CHINA 327 From S. (A.) slivestris, S. (A.) strenus sp. nov. is distinguished by the different shape of penis apex, the length of parameres and abdominal postcoxal lines. In S. (A.) slivestris, parameres are distinctly shorter than penis guide, and postcoxal lines reaching 2 / 3 length of abdominal ventrite 1. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 71). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae and mouthparts dark brown, legs testaceous. Head small, 0.54 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.76 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, moderately dense, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 1 / 2 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 72). Male genitalia: penis extremely stout, membranous from apical 1 / 5 to apex. Penis capsule with long outer process and indistinct inner one (Fig. 73). Tegmen stout, penis guide widest at base, nearly parallel along half length, then gradually converging apically to blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 75). In lateral view, penis guide nearly parallel at basal half and abruptly constricted apically to pointed tip (Fig. 74). Parameres slightly shorter than penis guide, with several long apical setae (Fig. 74). Types. Holotype. male, No. SCAU (E) 13727, Cibagou, Chayu, Tibet, 2000m, 13.X.2007, Wang XM leg. Paratypes. 7 males with same data as holotype. Distribution. China (Tibet) (Fig. 97). Etymology. The species name derived from Latin, refers to the extremely stout penis and tegmen. Stethorus (Allostethorus) tunicatus sp. nov. (Figs 76 80, 97) Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (A.) muriculatus, but can be distinguished by the distinct penis capsule and apex of penis with membranous appendage. In S. (A.) muriculatus penis capsule is obsolete and apex of penis is provided with sacciform membranous gonopore. Description. TL: 1.30 mm, TW: 1.00 mm, TH: 0.63 mm, TL/TW: 1.30, PL/PW: 0.44, EL/EW: with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 76). Dorsum and underside entirely black, antennae yellow and mouthparts testaceous, legs yellow. Head small, 0.60 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.72 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 3 / 5 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 77). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, apex of penis with membranous appendage. Penis capsule with long outer process and indistinct inner one (Fig. 78). Tegmen stout, penis guide nearly parallel along basal 3 / 4, gradually converging apically to blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 80). In lateral view, penis guide nearly parallel at basal half and slightly constricted apically to pointed tip (Fig. 79). Parameres slightly shorter than penis guide, with several long apical setae (Fig. 79). Type. Holotype. male, No. SCAU (E) 14380, Gongxin, Menglian, Yunnan, 1500m, 8.V.2008, Wang XM leg. Distribution. China (Yunnan) (Fig. 97). Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin tunicatus referring to its apex of penis with membranous appendage. Stethorus (Allostethorus) uncinellus sp. nov. (Figs 81 85, 97) Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (A.) binchuanensis in a shape of penis and abdominal postcoxal lines, but can be distinguished by penis guide widest at base, tapered to apex in lateral view. In S. (A.) binchuanensis, penis guide is narrow at base, widest at 1 / 4 length, and then tapered to apex in lateral view. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 81). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae, mouthparts and legs yellow.

10 328 W.-J. LI, X.-S. CHEN and S.-X. REN Head small, 0.48 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.74 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 2 / 3 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 82). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, apex of penis hook-shaped and with abruptly constricted tip. Penis capsule with long outer process and short inner one (Fig. 83). Tegmen stout, penis guide nearly parallel along basal 1 / 2, gradually converging apically to blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 85). Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, distal end with group of long setae (Fig. 84). Types. Holotype. male, No. SCAU (E) 14466, Xiachayu, Chayu, Tibet, 1800 m, 14.X.2007, Chen XS leg. Paratypes. 3 males with same data as holotype; 3 male, Cibagou, Chayu, Tibet, 2000 m, 13.X.2007, Chen XS leg. Distribution. China (Tibet) (Fig. 97). Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin uncinellus referring to its penis provided with hook-shaped process. Stethorus (Allostethorus) vietnamicus Hoàng, 1979 (Figs 86 90, 97) Stethorus (Allostethorus) vietnamicus Hoàng, 1979: 11; Hoàng 1982: 118; Pu 1990: 112; Ren and Pang 1996: 323; Yu 1996: 33; Pang et al. 2004: 70; Kovár 2007: 592; Ren et al. 2009: 48. Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other Allostethorus species by the bifurcated penis guide in ventral view. Description. TL: mm, TW: mm, TH: mm, TL/TW: , PL/PW: , EL/EW: with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 86). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae yellow, mouthparts testaceous and anterior half of frons reddish brown, legs yellow. Head small, 0.57 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.70 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and sparse, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, sparse, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter, with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 3 / 5 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 87). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, apex of penis simple and truncate, abruptly bent outwardly from apical 1 / 4 to apex with sacciform membranous appendage. Penis capsule indistinct (Fig. 88). Tegmen stout, penis guide bifurcated in ventral view (Fig. 90). Parameres nearly as long as penis guide, distal end with group of long setae (Fig. 89). Material examined. Hainan: 4 males, Haikou, 11m, 6.XI.1989, Ren SX leg. 3 males, Nada, 144m, 8.XI. 1989, Ren SX and Ou ZJ leg. Distribution. China (Guangxi, Hainan) (Fig. 97); Vietnam. Stethorus (Allostethorus) xinglongicus sp. nov. (Figs 91 95, 97) Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (A.) parapauperculus, but can be distinguished from it by the penis guide nearly parallel in ventral view and parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide. In S. (A.) parapauperculus penis guide is subtriangular in ventral view and parameres are slightly shorter than penis guide. Description. TL: 1.38 mm, TW: 1.00 mm, TH: 0.53 mm, TL/TW: 1.38, PL/PW: 0.5, EL/EW: Body small, elongate oval, moderately convex, covered with dense, long, white pubescence (Fig. 91). Dorsum and underside entirely black, except antennae yellow and mouthparts testaceous, legs yellowish brown. Head small, 0.46 times pronotal width, punctures on frons fine and sparse, separated by their diameter times head width. Pronotum 0.7 times elytral width, pronotal punctures fine and moderately dense, similar to those on head, diameters apart. Punctures on elytra fine, dense, separated by their diameter, larger than those on head. Prosternum matt and shagreened, punctures fine, moderately dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Mesovental punctures large and dense, separated by their diameter, with sparse, long, white pubescence. Metaventrite coarsely punctate, separated by their diameter,

11 REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS FROM CHINA 329 with dense, long, white pubescence. Abdominal postcoxal lines complete, reaching 2 / 3 length of abdominal ventrite 1 (Fig. 92). Male genitalia: penis stout and short, apex of penis simple, bent outwardly from apical 1 / 5 to apex. Penis capsule with long outer process and indistinct inner one (Fig. 93). Tegmen stout, penis guide nearly parallel at basal 3 / 4, gradually converging apically to blunt tip in ventral view (Fig. 95). In lateral view, penis guide widest at base, gradually constricted towards apex and bent outwardly at tip (Fig. 94). Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, with several long, apical setae (Fig. 94). Types. Holotype. male, No. SCAU (E) 14676, Xinglong Mountain, Lanzhou, Gansu, 2150m, 3.VIII.2007, Liang JB leg. Paratypes. 3 females with same data as holotype. Distribution. China (Gansu) (Fig. 97). Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality, Xinglong Mountain, Lanzhou, Gansu. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors sincerely thank Dr. Guo-Yue Yu (Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science, China) for allowing us to study the type specimens under his care. We are grateful to Dr. Xing-Min Wang (South China Agricultural University, China) for his useful comments on the manuscript. The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( and 2006FY120100). REFERENCES Britton, E. B. and B. Lee Stethorus loxtoni sp.n. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) a newly-discovered predator of the two-spotted mite. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 11: Cao, C. Y. and N. N. Xiao New species of Coccinellidae from Yunnan, China. Entomotaxonomia, 6(2/3): (In Chinese with English summary). Chazeau, J Stethorus comoriensis, nouvelle espèce de Coccinellidae de l archipel des Comores [Col.] Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, 76: Chazeau, J Le gener Stethorus a Madagascar et aux mascareignes [Col. Coccinellidae]. Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.), 7(4): Chazeau, J Mise au point sur le genre Stethorus en océanie et description de deux espéces nouvelles de mélanésie [Col., Coccinellidae]. Entomophaga, 24(3): Chazeau, J Deux predateurs de Tetranychidae en Nouvelle-Guinee: Stethorus exspectatus n.sp. et Stethorus exsultabilis n. sp. [Col. : Coccinellidae]. Entomophaga, 28(4): Chazeau, J., Larbogne, L. B. D. and E. Guilbert Complements a l etude des Stethorini Néo-Caledoniens [Coleoptera, Coccinellidae]. Revue francaise d entomologie (N.S.), 17(4): Gordon, R. D. and E. A. Chapin A revision of the new world species of Stethorus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 109(3): Hoàng, D. N Ba loai bo rua moi thuoc phan ho Scymninae (Coccinellidae). Viet Nam. Tap Chi Sinh Vat Hoc, 1(2): Houston, K. J A revision of the Australian species of Stethorus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 19: Houston, K. J Redescription of Stethorus obscuripennis (Lea) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Norfolk Island. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 22: Houston, K. J The New Zealand species of Stethorus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 17: Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M New species of Coccinellidae from USSR (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Doklady Akademii Nauk Armyanskoy SSR, 55(2): Kapur, A. P On the old world species of the genus Stethorus Wesie (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Bulletin of entomological research, 39(2): Kapur, A. P A new species of Stethorus Weise from India (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 19: Kapur, A. P A new species of Stethorus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), feeding on arecanut palm mites in Kerala, Southern India. Entomophaga, 6(1): Kovář, I Coccinellidae. In: Löbl, I. and A. Smetana (Eds), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Apollo books, Stenstrup, pp Miyatake, M Description of two new species of the genus Stethorus Weise from Japan (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Transactions of the Shikoku Entomological Society, 9: Pang, H., Pang, X. F., Ren, S. X. and T. Zeng Biodiversity and their utilization of Coccinellidae in China. Science and Technology Press of Guangdong, Guangzhou, 168 pp. (In Chinese). Pang, X. F New speices of Stethorus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Canton, China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 3(1): (In Chinese with English summary). Pang, X. F. and J. L. Mao Important natural enemies of the tetranychid mites-stethorus Weise. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 18(4): (In Chinese with English summary). Pu, T. S Sethorus (Allostethorus) vietnamicus Hoàng new record from China. Entomotaxnomia, 7(2): 12. (In Chinese with English summary). Ren, S. X. and X. F. Pang The genus Stethorus Weise (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of China. Elytra, Tokyo, 24(2): Ren, S. X., Wang, X. M., Pang, H., Peng, Z. Q. and T. Zeng Colored pictorial handbook of ladybird beetles in China. Science Press, Beijing, 336 pp. (In Chinese). Sasaji, H A revision of the Formosan Coccinellidae (II) tribes Stethorini, Aspidimerini and Chilocorini (Coleoptera). Etizenia, Fukui, 32: 1 24.

12 330 W.-J. LI, X.-S. CHEN and S.-X. REN Seago, A. E., Giorgi, J. A., Li, J. H. and A. Ślipiński Phylogeny, classification and evolution of ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) based on simultaneous analysis of molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 60: Ślipiński, A Australian ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), their biology and classification. ABRS, Canberra, 286 pp. Xiao, N. N. and H. X. Li Coleoptera: Coccinellidae. In: Huang, F. et al. (Eds.): Insects of Wuling Mountains Area, Southwestern China. Science Press, (In Chinese with English summary). Yang, C. T. and R. H. Wu Notes on some Coccinellidae of Taiwan. The Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 21: Yu, G. Y The Coccinellidae (excluding Epilachninae) collected by J. Klapperich in 1977 on Taiwan (Insecta, Coleoptera). Spixiana, 18: Yu, G. Y A list on Stethorus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from China with description of a new species. Entomotaxonomia, 18(1): Yu, G. Y Checklist of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of Beijing. Place of publication not given, Received: December 24, 2012 Accepted: April 29, 2013

13 REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS FROM CHINA Figures Stethorus (Allostethorus) amurensis Iablokoff-Khnzorian. (1) dorsal view; (2) antenna; (3) maxilla; (4) abdomen; (5) labium; (6) mandible; (7) prothorax; (8) front leg; (9) hind leg; (10) penis; (11) tegmen, lateral view; (12) tegmen, ventral view; (13 14) female genitalia: (13) ovipositor (14) spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

14 332 W.-J. LI, X.-S. CHEN and S.-X. REN Figures (15 19) Stethorus (Allostethorus) binchuanensis Pang et Mao. (15) dorsal view; (16) abdomen; (17) penis; (18) tegmen, lateral view; (19) tegmen, ventral view. (20 25) Stethorus (Allostethorus) brevifoliatus sp. nov. (20) dorsal view; (21) abdomen; (22) penis; (23) tegmen, lateral view; (24) tegmen, ventral view; (25) ovipositor. Scale bars: 15, 20=0.2 mm; 16 19, 21 25=0.1 mm.

15 REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS FROM CHINA Figures (26 30) Stethorus (Allostethorus) chengi Sasaji. (26) dorsal view; (27) abdomen; (28) penis; (29) tegmen, lateral view; (30) tegmen, ventral view. (31 35) Stethorus (Allostethorus) convexus Yu. (31) dorsal view; (32) abdomen; (33) penis; (34) tegmen, lateral view; (35) tegmen, ventral view. Scale bars: 26, 31 = 0.2 mm; 27 30, = 0.1 mm.

16 334 W.-J. LI, X.-S. CHEN and S.-X. REN Figures (36 38) Stethorus (Allostethorus) dongchuanensis Cao et Xiao. (35) penis; (36) apex of penis; (37) tegmen, ventral view. (39 45) Stethorus (Allostethorus) gangliiformis sp. nov. (39) dorsal view; (40) abdomen; (41) penis; (42) tegmen, lateral view; (43) tegmen, ventral view; (44) ovipositor; (45) spermatheca. Scale bars: 39 = 0.2 mm; = 0.1 mm.

17 REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS FROM CHINA Figures (46 50) Stethorus (Allostethorus) inflatus sp. nov. (46) dorsal view; (47) abdomen; (48) penis; (49) tegmen, lateral view; (50) tegmen, ventral view. (51 55) Stethorus (Allostethorus) klapperichi Yu. (51) dorsal view; (52) abdomen; (53) penis; (54) tegmen, lateral view; (55) tegmen, ventral view. Scale bars: 46, 51 = 0.2 mm; 47 50, = 0.1 mm.

18 336 W.-J. LI, X.-S. CHEN and S.-X. REN Figures (56 60) Stethorus (Allostethorus) magnus sp. nov. (56) dorsal view; (57) abdomen; (58) penis; (59) tegmen, lateral view; (60) tegmen, ventral view. (61 65) Stethorus (Allostethorus) muriculatus Yu. (61) dorsal view; (62) abdomen; (63) penis; (64) tegmen, lateral view; (65) tegmen, ventral view. Scale bars: 56, 61 = 0.2 mm; 57 60, = 0.1 mm.

19 REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS FROM CHINA Figures (66 70) Stethorus (Allostethorus) parapauperculus Pang. (66) dorsal view; (67) abdomen; (68) penis; (69) tegmen, lateral view; (70) tegmen, ventral view. (71 75) Stethorus (Allostethorus) strenus sp. nov. (71) dorsal view; (72) abdomen; (73) penis; (74) tegmen, lateral view; (75) tegmen, ventral view. Scale bars: 66, 71 = 0.2 mm; 67 70, = 0.1 mm.

20 338 W.-J. LI, X.-S. CHEN and S.-X. REN Figures (76 80) Stethorus (Allstethorus) tunicatus sp. nov. (76) dorsal view; (77) abdomen; (78) penis; (79) tegmen, lateral view; (80) tegmen, ventral view. (81 85) Stethorus (Allostethorus) uncinellus sp. nov. (81) dorsal view; (82) abdomen; (83) penis; (84) tegmen, lateral view; (85) tegmen, ventral view. Scale bars: 76, 81 = 0.2 mm; 77 80, = 0.1 mm.

21 REVIEW OF THE SUBGENUS ALLOSTETHORUS OF STETHORUS FROM CHINA Figures (86 90) Stethorus (Allostethorus) vietnamicus Hoàng. (86) dorsal view; (87) abdomen; (88) penis; (89) tegmen, lateral view; (90) tegmen, ventral view. (91 95) Stethorus (Allostethorus) xinglongicus sp. nov. (91) dorsal view; (92) abdomen; (93) penis; (94) tegmen, lateral view; (95) tegmen, ventral view. Scale bars: 86, 91 = 0.2 mm; 87 90, = 0.1 mm.