Effect of dietary copper levels on the growth performance and nutrient utilization in fattening pigs
|
|
- Lenard Chambers
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 B- 956 [1-5] Indian J. Anim. Res., Print ISSN: / Online ISSN: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE Effect of dietary copper levels on the growth performance and nutrient utilization in fattening pigs Seidu Adams 1, Meng Hongjiao 1, Dongsheng Che* 1, Jiang Hailong 1, Han Rui 1, Zhao Bao 1, Kofi Danquah 2 and Qin Guixin 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China, Received: Accepted: DOI: /ijar.B-956 ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary copper supplementation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and copper metabolism in fattening pigs. A total of 24 pigs (Landrace X Large White X Duroc) with an average initial BW of 30±1.05 kg, the pigs were divided into four treatment groups, with three replicates per treatment and two pigs per replicate, in accordance with a completely randomized design based on the BW. The results indicated that dietary copper supplementation increased the growth performance, CP and EE digestibility. However, there was no significant increase in the DM and OM digestibility. In addition, copper deposition increased with the increase in dietary copper supplementation, while copper absorption, increased with the decrease in dietary copper levels. In conclusion, fattening pigs with BW can utilize mg/kg Cu and porkers at BW of kg can also utilize mg/kg Cu as CuSO4 for an increased copper utilization and a decreased in copper deposition. Key words: Copper, Digestibility, Metabolism, Performance, Pigs. INTRODUCTION Copper is an indispensable cofactor of enzymatic and non-enzymatic copper-dependent proteins that are required for mitochondrial respiration, neurotransmitter synthesis, peptide amidation, connective tissue formation, pigmentation, and iron metabolism, but due to its high toxicity when present in excessive amount, there is the need for subtle homeostatic balance of copper within cells (Yang et al. 2011). The growth stimulating effect of high copper concentrations is mainly observed in young pigs and its mode of action has been described by the antibacterial effects of high copper diets, making available more nutrients and energy in the gut for absorption (Blaabjerg and Poulsen 2017). A previous study has demonstrated the relationship between high dietary copper concentrations and improved growth performance in growing pigs (Feng et al. 2007). However, feeding high copper diets in growing pigs may result in the increased in copper accumulation in organs and excretion in manure, which poses both health and environmental risk (Kornegay and Verstegen 2001). Therefore, the present study examined the effects of dietary copper supplementation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, copper absorption and deposition in fattening pigs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 24 (Landrace X Large White X Duroc) pigs with an average initial BW of 30±1.05 kg were selected for the current experiment. The experiment was conducted for 87 days, including 7 days of pre-feeding trial. The pigs were divided into four treatment groups, with three replicates per treatment and two pigs per replicate, arranged in accordance with a completely randomized design based on their BW. The pigs were housed individually in an environmentally-controlled room with an average temperature of 26 C. The houses were disinfected once a month, cleaned with a broom every day to keep a healthy and hygienic condition and prevent disease infection. The copper content in the treatments was adjusted based on the guidelines that stipulated that the diet of fattening pigs with live body weight between should contain 150 mg/kg copper and body weight above 60 kg should contain 25mg/kg copper. The control pigs were fed the basal diet and the experimental pigs were fed the basal diet with different copper concentrations. The diet was provided in a mash form and formulated in accordance to the NRC, (2012) nutrients requirement (Table 1). The pigs were fed in two different growth phases BW and kg BW. Pigs in the growing phase () were fed the basal diet with added copper levels of 10 mg/kg (control), 45 mg/kg (group 1), 135 mg/kg (group 2), and 225 mg/kg (group 3) copper and the fattening / porkers ( kg) pigs were fed the basal diet with added copper levels of 45 mg/kg, 135 mg/kg and 225 mg/kg. Chromium oxide (Cr 2 ) was used as a marker and added to all diets at 1% on day 33 to 40, and 80 to 87 of each feeding period in order to determine the digestibility values by the total collection method (Gonzales- Eguia et al., 2009). The basal diet contains corn-soybean *Corresponding author s chedongsheng@163.com 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China, School of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University for Development Studies, Ghana 1350
2 2 INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL RESEARCH Table 1: Composition of experimental diets and nutrient indexes (%DM basis) Items 30 60kg 60kg -120kg Ingredients Corn Soybean meal Bran Bone meal Limestone Salt Lysine-HCL 0.2 Trace mineral premix Total Nutrient level Digestibility energy (MJ / kg) Crude protein (CP) Lysine (Lys) Methionine + Cysteine (Met+Cys) Copper sulphate (CuSO4)(mg/kg) Phosphorus (P) Calcium (Ca) Note: per kilogram of premix contains: iron 10000mg, zinc 1000mg, manganese 1000mg, selenium 30mg, iodine 50mg, VA IU, VD20000IU vitamin D2000IU, 2000mg niacin, folic acid, pantothenic acid 2000mg 30mg, VK50mg, riboflavin 250mg, VB1 200mg VB ug, choline chloride 100g, antioxidant 20000mg, biotin 5mg, VB6100mg. meal and dietary copper was supplemented as copper sulphate (CuSO 4 ). The pigs were provided with two equal meals daily about 5% of their live body weight, leftover feeds are collected, weigh and recorded. Water was supplied ad libitum throughout the entire experimental period. The feed consumption and body weight were determined weekly to calculate for the average daily feed intake per day (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) for each phase ( and kg). The ADFI was estimated by totaling the quantity of feed wastage and the amount of feed left in the trough the next day, divided by the sum of piglets per pen. The feed intake divided by the weight gain to obtain the FCR. The pigs were weighed early in the morning on the last day of the feeding trial on an empty stomach to obtain the final weight. The initial weight subtracted from the final weight and divided by the test period of 80 days to give the ADG. The urine and fecal samples from the pigs were collected every day from day 33 to 40, and 80 to 87 for the determination of digestibility and copper deposition. The fecal samples were collected through total collection method and urine were taken on plastics then pooled within the pens into containers, 10 ml H 2 SO 4 (10 %v/v) was added to the urine and five drops of methylbenzene were added to prevent decomposition (Canh, et al., 1998; Mydland, et al., 2008), covered with lids. The feeds and feces were oven-dried at 55 C to obtain a constant weight and then ground to pass a 1-mm screen and store for further analysis. All samples were stored at -20 C for chemical analysis. The CP were estimated by the Kjeldahl method, and ether extract (EE) by the Soxhlet ether extraction apparatus, organic matter (OM) and dry matter (DM) as described by the AOAC, (2000). The copper concentrations in the feed, feces and urine were estimated in the laboratory using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry as previously described (Huang et al. 2010a). The digestibility of copper and copper deposition were calculated as follows: Copper digestibility = [100 - [(amount of Cr 2 in feed) (amount of Cr 2 in the feces)] X [(amount of copper in the feces) (amount of copper in the feed)] X 100]. Copper deposition rate = [(copper content in the feed copper content in the feces copper content in the urine) (copper content in the feed) X 100]. The data were analyzed by oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS version 13.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). A probability value of P 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant and the multiple comparison test was performed by LSD method, the test results were estimated as Mean ± SE. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The growth performance is presented in Table 2. In the BW, the results showed that the production performance of test group 3 was significantly higher (p<0.05) and recorded a significantly lower FCR in comparison with the control. In the kg, the ADFI of groups 2 and 3 was significantly higher (p<0.05) and the control group recorded the lowest (p>0.05) ADG level. However, the FCR (p<0.05) in the experimental groups was higher than the control. In the entire growth phase ( kg), the control group recorded the lowest ADFI, ADG, and FCR. There was an increased in ADFI, ADG, and FCR in group 1, group 2, and group 3 but not significantly different from the control (p>0.05). However, the ADG level in group 3 was significantly different from the control (p<0.05). A previous study has shown that higher copper diets increased the growth performance of pigs (Feng et al. 2007), and the current study testified that higher dietary supplementation of copper as copper sulphate increased the growth performance of fattening pigs but not significantly different from the control. Similar to this finding was the study of Veum et al. (2004), who observed that 200 ppm of copper-proteinate and 250 ppm of copper sulphate provided in the diet of weaning piglets increased the growth performance but not significantly higher than the control after feeding for 28 days. Also, Huang et al. (2010a), who determined that 134 ppm of four different copper diets fed to growing pigs for 35 days increased the growth performance but not significantly higher than the control. Contrarily to our results, Stansbury et al. (1990) determined that there was no increased in the ADFI or ADG in weanling pigs fed on 125 or 250 ppm copper as copper sulphate. Also, Dove and Ewan (1990), reported that there was no significant increase in ADFI, ADG, and FCR in growing pigs after dietary copper supplementation.
3 Vol. Issue, () Table 2: Effect of dietary copper levels on growth performance of fattening pigs Parameters Control Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 ADFI /g ±4.89 b ±5.61 b ±6.21 ab ±3.25 a ADG/g ±1.65 b ±3.16 b ±2.81 ab ± 2.45 a FCR 3.51±0.05 ab 3.25±0.04 a 3.21±0.02 a 3.05±0.01 a kg ADFI /g ±2.52 a ±2.10 a ±2.31 ab ±3.21 ab ADG/g ±2.24 a ±3.12 a ±1.25 a ±1.85 a FCR 4.45±3.64 c 4.61±2.61 b 4.83±1.71 a 5.26±2.53 a kg ADFI /g ±2.67 ab ±5.0 a ±2.62 a ±3.80 a ADG/g ±5.31 b ±4.84 b ±5.02 ab ±7.52 a FCR 2.73±0.02 a 2.84±0.15 ab 2.76±0.21 a 2.91±0.07 ab Note: different letters within the same row represent significant difference. Control= 10 mg/kg Cu, Group 1= 45 mg/kg Cu, Group 2= 135 mg/kg Cu, and Group 3= 225 mg/kg Cu Table 3: Effect of dietary copper levels on nutrient digestibility of finishing pigs Parameters Control Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 CP 89.39±2.14 a 88.04±1.42 a 87.93±1.56 a 86.21±1.91 a EE 14.01±4.32 a 21.60±7.25 b 30.52±8.21 bc 32.65±1.20 c DM 89.48±2.24 a 88.65±0.51 a 89.18±2.01 a 91.20±0.25 a OM 92.31±0.58 a 91.31±0.89 a 91.72±0.97 a 92.21±0.25 a kg CP 85.21±1.65 b 86.64±1.65 b 87.62±1.35 ab 90.12±2.15 a EE 13.24±3.21 c 19.31±5.21 b 29.31±3.21 a 30.65±3.21 a DM 90.25±2.20 a 89.21±0.21 a 89.25±1.15 a 90.20±2.20 a OM 90.21±2.21 a 90.32±0.65 a 92.25±0.85 a 90.25±0.27 a Note: different letters within the same row represent significant difference. Control= 10 mg/kg Cu, Group 1= 45 mg/kg Cu, Group 2= 135 mg/kg Cu, and Group 3= 225 mg/kg Cu It is an established fact that high dietary copper levels can promote the digestibility of crude fat, crude protein, and the absorption capacity of the digestive tract of swine (Gonzales-Eguia et al., 2009). As shown in Table 3, the digestibility of CP decreased with the increase in dietary copper levels in the BW. The digestibility of CP was higher (p>0.05) in the control group while EE digestibility was significantly low (p<0.05) in the control group in comparison with the treatment groups. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the DM and OM digestibility among the treatment groups. In the kg BW, the digestibility of CP and EE increased with the corresponding increase in copper levels in the basal diet. As a result of the increased in maturity of the gastrointestinal tract, increase in dietary copper level increased the antibiotic effects of copper (Hawbaker et al. 1961; Huang et al. 2010a) therefore increasing microbial growth, composition and activities in the intestines (Cromwell, 2001). Hence increasing the digestibility of DM, CP and EE. The DM and OM digestibility in the 10 mg/kg and 135 mg/kg copper diet increased (P> 0.05) respectively. Similar to the current result, Huang et al. (2010b) indicated that DM digestibility was not affected by 134 ppm copper supplementation at the end of the 21 days of feeding growing pigs, but was significantly improved at the end of the 35 days of feeding. Also, there was no significant difference in DM digestibility as indicated by (Huang et al. 2010a). Contrary to this current results was the previous study by Dove (1995), who determined that 250 ppm copper supplementation significantly increased DM and OM digestibility in weanling pigs. As shown in Table 4, copper intake, fecal copper excretion, copper deposition, and copper digestibility in kg BW pigs increased first and then decreased with the increase in dietary copper levels. That is when dietary copper dosage was mg/kg (P <0.01), there was a significant difference between the control group and the experimental group 3 in copper intake, fecal copper excretion, and copper deposition in vivo. The rate of copper intake in the 225 mg/ kg treatment was 6.75 times higher, 3.5 times higher in copper deposition, 5.4 times higher in fecal copper excretion and 10 times higher in urinary copper excretion than the control. Hence, indicating that high copper diets significantly increased total copper deposition and excretion in pigs. The digestibility of copper in group 1 and group 2 was significantly higher than that in the control group and group
4 4 INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL RESEARCH Table 4: The rate of copper deposition and digestibility in fattening pigs Treatments Feed Copper Copper Fecal Copper Urinary Copper Copper Copper Rate of Content(g/d) Intake (g/d) Content (g/d) Content (g/d) Deposition digestibility Copper (g/d) (%) deposition (%) Control ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.20 Group ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.33 Group ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.21 Group ± ± ± ± ± ± ± kg Control ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 0.21 Group ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.20 Group ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 0.17 Group ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 0.31 Control= 10 mg/kg Cu, Group 1= 45 mg/kg Cu, Group 2= 135 mg/kg Cu, and Group 3= 225 mg/kg Cu 3 (P<0.05) at BW. It was observed that dietary copper supplementation at 45 mg/kg and 135 mg/kg increased copper digestibility in fattening pigs. There was a significant difference (P<0.01) between the control and 225 mg/kg group at kg BW (Table 4). The supplementation of copper at 225 mg/kg increased the rate of copper intake in pigs was 7.22 times higher, copper deposition was 10 times higher, fecal copper excretion was 22 times higher and urinary copper excretion was 13 times higher than the control. However, the digestibility of copper in the control group and the 45 mg/ kg copper was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the 135 mg/kg and the 225 mg/kg treatments. Hence indicating that the addition of mg/kg dietary copper can improve the copper digestibility in finishing pig s. Comparatively, the fecal copper excretion in the kg BW pigs was higher than the BW pigs, indicating that the rate of copper metabolism was low at higher body mass. Similarly, Wapnir (1998) showed that about 20% of the copper contained in feed materials was absorbed by the digestive tract, while 60% of the absorbed copper was released into the digestive tract with bile. Also, Apgar and Kornegay (1996) observed higher levels of copper in the feces and urine of pigs fed higher copper levels from both copper-lysine and copper sulphate. The same authors observed that pigs fed higher copper diet absorbed more copper than pigs fed lower copper diet. The results of this study indicated that copper deposition increased with the increase in dietary copper levels. Therefore, the findings of this studies showed that dietary copper supplementation within the ranges of 45 mg/ kg to 135 mg/kg increased copper digestibility and decreased copper deposition rate in BW of fattening pigs, while 10 mg/kg to 45 mg/kg was a convenient range for the increased in copper digestibility and decreased in copper deposition in kg BW of fattening pigs CONCLUSION The increase in copper content of the diet increased the growth performance, crude protein and ether extract digestibility in fattening pigs. However, higher copper concentrations increased fecal and urinary copper excretion. Hence decreasing the digestibility of copper and increasing its deposition in the body. The findings of this current study indicate that at a body weight between, fattening pigs should be given dietary copper levels between 45 mg/ kg to 135 mg/kg. While, at the porker phase of kg, fattening pigs should be fed with 10 mg/kg copper to 45 mg/ kg copper. As these ranges increased production and copper digestibility, while decrease copper deposition DECLARATION OF INTEREST The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Thanks to the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD ) and the Scientific Project of Jilin Province ( NY & JC) for providing financial support for publishing this article. REFERENCE AOAC. ( 2000). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis. Ed. Arlington VA. Apgar, G. A., Kornegay, E. T. (1996). Mineral balance of finishing pigs fed copper sulfate or a copper-lysine complex at growthstimulating levels1. Journal of Animal Science 74: Blaabjerg, K. and Poulsen, H. D. (2017). The use of zinc and copper in pig production. Nationalt Center for Jordbrug og Fødevarer. Canh, T., Aarnink, A., Schutte, J., Sutton, A., Langhout, D., Verstegen, M., (1998). Dietary protein affects nitrogen excretion and ammonia emission from slurry of growing-finishing pigs. Livestock Production Science 56: Cromwell, G. L. (2001). Antimicrobial and promicrobial agents. In Swine Nutrition. 2nd ed. (Ed. A. J. Lewis and L. L. Southern). CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL Dove, C. R. (1995). The effect of copper level on nutrient utilization of weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science 73:
5 Vol. Issue, () Dove, C.R., Ewan, R.C. (1990). Effect of excess dietary copper, iron or zinc on the tocopherol and selenium status of growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 68: Feng, J., Ma,W. Q., Gu, Z. L., Wang,Y. Z., Liu, J. X. (2007). Effects of Dietary Copper (II) Sulfate and copper proteinate on performance and blood indexes of copper status in growing pigs. Biological Trace Element Research 120: Gonzales-Eguia, A., Fu, C. M., Lu, F.Y., Lien, T. F. (2009). Effects of nanocopper on copper availability and nutrients digestibility, growth performance and serum traits of piglets. Livestock Science 126: Hawbaker, J. A., Speer, V. C., Hays, V. W., Catron, D. V. (1961). Effects of copper sulfate and other chemotherapeutics in growing swine rations. Journal Animal Science 20: Huang, Y., Yoo, J. S., Kim, H. J., Wang, Y., Chen, Y. J., Cho, J. H., Kim, I. H. (2010). The effects of different copper (inorganic and organic) and energy (tallow and glycerol) sources on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal excretion profiles in growing pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal sciences 25: 573. Huang, Y., Zhou,T. X., Lee, J. H., Jang, H. D., Park,J. C., Kim, I. H. (2010). Effect of dietary copper sources (cupric sulfate and cupric methionate) and concentrations on performance and fecal characteristics in growing pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 23: 757. Kornegay, E. T., Verstegen, M. W. A. (2001). Swine nutrition and pollution and control. In Swine nutrition. (A. J. Lewis and L. L. Southern), CRC Press: Mydland, L., Frøyland, J., Skrede, A., (2008). Composition of individual nucleobases in diets containing different products from bacterial biomass grown on natural gas, and digestibility in mink (Mustela vison). Journal Animal Physiology Animal Nutrition 92:1 8 National Research Council (2012). Nutrient Requirements of swine. DC, National Academy Press. Washington. Stansbury, W. F., Tribble,L. F., and Orr, D. E. (1990). Effect of chelated copper sources on performance of nursery and growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 5: Veum, T. L., Carlson,M. S., Wu,C. W., Bollinger,D. W., Ellersieck,M. R. (2004). Copper proteinate in weanling pig diets for enhancing growth performance and reducing fecal copper excretion compared with copper sulfate 1. Journal of animal science 82: Wapnir, R. A. (1998). Copper absorption and bioavailability. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 67: Yang, W., Wang, J., Liu, L., Zhu, X., Wang, X., Liu, Z., Wang, Z., Yang, L., Liu, G. (2011). Effect of high dietary copper on somatostatin and growth hormone-releasing hormone levels in the hypothalami of growing pigs. Biological Trace Element Research 143:
Effect of Dietary Copper Sources (Cupric Sulfate and Cupric Methionate) and Concentrations on Performance and Fecal Characteristics in Growing Pigs
757 Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 23, No. 6 : 757-761 June 2010 www.ajas.info Effect of Dietary Copper Sources (Cupric Sulfate and Cupric Methionate) and Concentrations on Performance and Fecal Characteristics
More informationEffect of High Available Phosphorus Corn and Elevated Fat and Protein. Corn on Nutrient Digestibility and Excretion in Finishing Pigs
Effect of High Available Phosphorus Corn and Elevated Fat and Protein Introduction Corn on Nutrient Digestibility and Excretion in Finishing Pigs S. L. Hankins, A. L. Sutton and B. T. Richert Department
More informationProtein Deposition in Growing and Finishing Pigs
1 Protein Deposition in Growing and Finishing Pigs DETERMINING WHOLE BODY PROTEIN DEPOSITION RATES IN PIGS. Mark L. Lorschy, Doug A. Gillis, John F. Patience and Kees de Lange. Summary There is controversy
More informationEnergy and Nitrogen Balance of Pigs Fed Four Corn Grains
Energy and Nitrogen Balance of Pigs Fed Four Corn Grains R.W. Fent, S.D. Carter, M.J. Rincker, and J.S. Park Story in Brief Because corn is the primary energy source in diets for pigs, any variability
More informationExp Research Report. Digestibility of energy and concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in high
Exp. 582 Research Report Digestibility of energy and concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in high protein and conventional DDGS fed to growing pigs. C. D. Espinosa and H. H. Stein University
More informationComparison of Different Antimicrobial Sequences on Nursery Pig Performance and Economic Return
Comparison of Different Antimicrobial Sequences on Nursery Pig Performance and Economic Return M. U. Steidinger, M. D. Tokach, D. Dau, S. S. Dritz 3, J. M. DeRouchey, R. D. Goodband, and J. L. Nelssen
More informationEFFECTS OF COPPER SULFATE, TRI-BASIC COPPER CHLORIDE, AND ZINC OXIDE ON WEANLING PIG GROWTH AND PLASMA MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS 1
Swine Day 008 EFFECTS OF COPPER SULFATE, TRI-BASIC COPPER CHLORIDE, AND ZINC OXIDE ON WEANLING PIG GROWTH AND PLASMA MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS N. W. Shelton, M. D. Tokach, J. L. Nelssen, R. D. Goodband, S.
More informationCalcium Digestibility and Requirements for Digestible Calcium by Growing Pigs
Calcium Digestibility and Requirements for Digestible Calcium by Growing Pigs Hans H. Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 Phone: (217) 333-0013 hstein@illinois.edu
More informationEffects of Reduced Dietary CP and P on Nutrient Excretion of Finisher Pigs
Effects of Reduced Dietary CP and P on Nutrient Excretion of Finisher Pigs M.B. Lachmann, S.D. Carter, T.A. Buhay, S.K. Jenkins, J.W. Bundy, and Z. Marable Story in Brief Approximately 80% of the feed
More informationEnergy utilization of reduced oil-dried distillers grains with solubles (RO-DDGS) in swine
Energy utilization of reduced oil-dried distillers grains with solubles (RO-DDGS) in swine Brian J. Kerr,* Thomas E. Weber,* and Michael E. Persia *USDA-ARS-NLAE, Ames, Iowa 011; and Iowa State University,
More informationEffects of Trace Mineral Source on Growth and Mineral Balance in Yearling Horses
Effects of Trace Mineral Source on Growth and Mineral Balance in Yearling Horses T.L. Naile, S.R. Cooper, D.W. Freeman, and C.R. Krehbiel Story in Brief Sixteen yearling Quarter Horses were used in a split-plot
More informationGrowth Performance of Growing Pigs Fed Crude Protein-Adequate or. Deficient, Low Phosphorus Diets with Graded Levels Of Phytase
Growth Performance of Growing Pigs Fed Crude Protein-Adequate or Introduction Deficient, Low Phosphorus Diets with Graded Levels Of Phytase O. Adeola and J. S. Sands Department of Animal Sciences Nitrogen
More informationEvaluation of NutriDense low-phytate corn and added fat in growing and finishing swine diets 1,2
Evaluation of NutriDense low-phytate corn and added fat in growing and finishing swine diets 1,2 S. K. Linneen,* J. M. DeRouchey,* 3 R. D. Goodband,* M. D. Tokach,* S. S. Dritz, J. L. Nelssen,* and J.
More informationC. N. Groesbeck, R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz 2, J. L. Nelssen, J. M. DeRouchey, B. W. James, T. P. Keegan, and K. R.
Swine Day 2004 INTERACTIVE EFFECTS BETWEEN PANTOTHENIC ACID AND RACTOPAMINE HCl (PAYLEAN ) ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERIS- TICS OF GROWING-FINISHING PIGS 1 C. N. Groesbeck, R. D. Goodband,
More informationNUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY STUDY IN THREE LINE CROSS BRED PIGS SUPPLEMENTED WITH SPENT BREWERS YEAST
Wayamba Journal of Animal Science ISSN: 2012-578X; P241 - P246, 2012 First Submitted February 13, 2012; Number 1330779125 NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY STUDY IN THREE LINE CROSS BRED PIGS SUPPLEMENTED WITH SPENT
More informationEffects of L-Carnitine and Soybean Oil on Growth Performance in Weanling Pigs
Effects of L-Carnitine and Soybean Oil on Growth Performance in Weanling Pigs M.J. Rincker, S.D. Carter, R.W. Fent, J.S. Park, and K.Q. Owen Story in Brief Two-hundred sixteen weanling pigs (18 d) were
More informationEffects of adding distiller s dried grains with solubles to gestation and lactation diets on reproductive performance and nutrient balance in sows
Effects of adding distiller s dried grains with solubles to gestation and lactation diets on reproductive performance and nutrient balance in sows J.A. Wilson 1, M.H. Whitney 1, G.C. Shurson 1, S.K. Baidoo
More informationThe Effect of Enzymes, Steeping and Dietary Protein Level on Apparent Fecal Digestibility and Fecal Output in Pigs fed Corn- Soybean Meal Diets.
The Effect of Enzymes, Steeping and Dietary Protein Level on Apparent Fecal Digestibility and Fecal Output in Pigs fed Corn- Soybean Meal Diets. Jennifer E. Wubben 1, Michelle R. Smiricky 2, David M. Albin
More informationAugust 22, 2017 M. D. Lindemann
August 22, 2017 M. D. Lindemann University of Kentucky Phone: 859-257-7524 merlin.lindemann@uky.edu Arabinoxylans: A major NSP in wheat The main component of wheat cell wall (aleurone layer and pericarp)
More informationEvaluation of Organic and Inorganic Acids in Various Feeding. Programs as Alternatives to Antibiotic Growth Promoters for Nursery Pigs
Evaluation of Organic and Inorganic Acids in Various Feeding Programs as Alternatives to Antibiotic Growth Promoters for Nursery Pigs Introduction M. Walsh 1, D. Sholly 1, D. Kelly 1, M. Cobb 1, S. Trapp
More informationEvaluation of Heparin Production By-Products in Nursery Pig Diets 1
Evaluation of Heparin Production By-Products in Nursery Pig Diets A. J. Myers, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, M.U. Steidinger, S. S. Dritz, J. M. DeRouchey, J. L. Nelssen, B. W. Ratliff, and D. M. McKilligan
More informationAn Evaluation of Peptone Products and Fish Meal on Nursery Pig Performance 1
An Evaluation of Peptone Products and Fish Meal on Nursery Pig Performance A. J. Myers, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, J. M. DeRouchey, J. L. Nelssen, J. Moline, G. Xu, B. W. Ratliff, and D.
More informationTHE EFFECTS OF DIETARY GLUTAMINE, GLYCINE, AND SODIUM CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION ON NURSERY PIG GROWTH PERFORMANCE
Swine Research 2005 THE EFFECTS OF DIETARY GLUTAMINE, GLYCINE, AND SODIUM CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION ON NURSERY PIG GROWTH PERFORMANCE C. N. Groesbeck, M. D. Tokach, S. S Dritz 1, J. M. DeRouchey, J. L. Nelssen,
More informationEFFECTS OF INCREASING CA:P RATIO IN DIETS CONTAINING PHYTASE ON FINISHING PIG GROWTH PERFORMANCE
Swine Day 2003 Contents EFFECTS OF INCREASING CA:P RATIO IN DIETS CONTAINING PHYTASE ON FINISHING PIG GROWTH PERFORMANCE S.M. Hanni, M.D. Tokach, J.L. Nelssen, J.M. DeRouchey, R.D. Goodband, S.S. Dritz
More informationWhey-Grown Yeast as a Protein Source for Baby Pigs
Whey-Grown Yeast as a Protein Source for Baby Pigs Y. J. Ajeani, C. V. Maxwell, F. N. Owens, D. Holbert, K. B. Poling and J. S. Schooley Story in Brief The nutritive value of whey-grown yeast for baby
More informationEffects of Supplemental Pantothenic Acid During All or Part of the Grow- Finish Period on Growth Performance and Carcass Composition
Effects of Supplemental Pantothenic Acid During All or Part of the Grow- Finish Period on Growth Performance and Carcass Composition Introduction J.S. Radcliffe, B.T. Richert, L. Peddireddi, and S.A. Trapp
More informationKey words: growth, pantothenic acid, pig, ractopamine hydrochloride, vitamin
Effects of pantothenic acid on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs fed diets with or without ractopamine hydrochloride 1 C. N. Groesbeck,* R. D. Goodband,* 2 M. D.
More informationEffects of L-Carnitine in the Diet of Weanling Pigs I. Growth Performance
Effects of L-Carnitine in the Diet of Weanling Pigs I. Growth Performance M.J. Rincker, S.D. Carter, R.W. Fent, B.W. Senne, and K.Q. Owen Story in Brief An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects
More informationTHE EFFECT OF A PROBIOTIC, KE-01, AND NEOTERRAMYCIN ON NURSERY PIG GROWTH PERFORMANCE 1
Swine Day 2004 THE EFFECT OF A PROBIOTIC, KE-01, AND NEOTERRAMYCIN ON NURSERY PIG GROWTH PERFORMANCE 1 N. Z. Frantz, J. L. Nelssen, J. M. DeRouchey, R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, and S. S. Dritz 2 Summary
More informationEffects of Increasing Calcium-to-
The Professional Animal Scientist 21 (2005):59 65 Effects of Increasing Calcium-to- Phosphorus Ratio in Diets Containing Phytase on Finishing Pig Growth Performance S. M. HANNI*, M. D. TOKACH*, R. D. GOODBAND*,1,PAS,S.S.DRITZ,
More informationPOTENTIAL FOR EGG PROTEIN AND PORCINE SPRAY-DRIED BLOOD AS A REPLACEMENT FOR PLASMA PROTEIN (AP-920) IN EARLY- WEANING PIG DIETS
POTENTIAL FOR EGG PROTEIN AND PORCINE SPRAY-DRIED BLOOD AS A REPLACEMENT FOR PLASMA PROTEIN (AP-920) IN EARLY- WEANING PIG DIETS J. Chung, B.Z. de Rodas 3, C.V. Maxwell 4, M.E. Davis 2 and W.G. Luce 5
More informationEFFECT OF WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE SOURCE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF NURSERY PIGS
Swine Research 2005 EFFECT OF WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE SOURCE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF NURSERY PIGS R. O. Gottlob, J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S.S. Dritz 1, J. L. Nelssen, C. R. Neill,
More informationIMPACT OF PRE-SLAUGHTER WITHDRAWAL OF VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTS ON PIG PERFORMANCE AND MEAT QUALITY. conditions was not addressed in the present study.
IMPACT OF PRE-SLAUGHTER WITHDRAWAL OF VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTS ON PIG PERFORMANCE AND MEAT QUALITY John F. Patience and Doug Gillis SUMMARY Research reported in last year s Annual Report indicated that withdrawal
More informationEffect of incorporating biogas slurry (BGS) on the growth performance and carcass traits of growing pigs
Livestock Research for Rural Development 18 (5) 2006 Guidelines to authors LRRD News Citation of this paper Effect of incorporating biogas slurry (BGS) on the growth performance and carcass traits of growing
More informationimproved growth, whereas those provided organic acids in feed and water did not. Summary
Swine Day 2006 EFFECTS OF WATER-SOLUBLE AND IN-FEED ORGANIC ACIDS ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF WEANLING PIGS 1 R. O. Gottlob, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz 2, R. D. Goodband, J. M. DeRouchey, J. L. Nelssen,
More informationA COMPARISON OF WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE AND SPRAY-DRIED ANIMAL PLASMA IN DIETS FOR WEANLING PIGS 1
Swine Day 2004 A COMPARISON OF WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE AND SPRAY-DRIED ANIMAL PLASMA IN DIETS FOR WEANLING PIGS 1 R. O. Gottlob, J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz 2, J. L. Nelssen,
More informationTHE INFLUENCE OF DIETARY FAT LEVEL AND CRYSTALLINE AMINO ACID ADDITIONS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF 25- TO 50-LB PIGS 1
Swine Day 2003 Contents THE INFLUENCE OF DIETARY FAT LEVEL AND CRYSTALLINE AMINO ACID ADDITIONS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF 25- TO 50-LB PIGS 1 M.D. Tokach, S.S. Dritz 2, J.M. DeRouchey, R.D. Goodband, J.L.
More informationSUPPLEMENTATION OF L-CARNITINE AND PAYLEAN IMPROVE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF PIGS IN A COMMERCIAL FINISHING FACILITY
Swine Day 2002 SUPPLEMENTATION OF L-CARNITINE AND PAYLEAN IMPROVE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF PIGS IN A COMMERCIAL FINISHING FACILITY B. W. James, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, S. S. Dritz 1,
More informationSuccess with weaned pigs
Our approach to nursery pig nutrition Success with weaned pigs 2 Right pigs Age and health Right environment Clean, dry, draft free Right diets Daily care (chores) Feed, water, air Components of a successful
More informationEFFECTS OF PEPSOYGEN AND DRIED PORCINE SOLUBLES 50 IN NURSERY PIG DIETS 1
Swine Day 2008 EFFECTS OF PEPSOYGEN AND DRIED PORCINE SOLUBLES 50 IN NURSERY PIG DIETS 1 C. K. Jones, J. M. DeRouchey, J. L. Nelssen, M. D Tokach, S. S. Dritz 2, and R. D. Goodband Summary Two experiments
More informationEffects of L-Carnitine in the Diet of Weanling Pigs II. Apparent Nutrient Digestibility, Whole Body Composition, and Tissue Accretion
Effects of L-Carnitine in the Diet of Weanling Pigs II. Apparent Nutrient Digestibility, Whole Body Composition, and Tissue Accretion M.J. Rincker, S.D. Carter, R.W. Fent, B.W. Senne, and K.Q. Owen Story
More informationEFFECTS OF VITAMINS AND MINERAL PROTEINATES ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PORK QUALITY IN FINISHING PIGS
Swine Day 2000 Contents EFFECTS OF VITAMINS AND MINERAL PROTEINATES ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PORK QUALITY IN FINISHING PIGS J. S. Park, J. D. Hancock, D. H. Kropf, K. A. Hachmeister, R. H. Hines, C. L.
More informationDetermining the threonine requirement of the high-producing lactating sow. D.R. Cooper, J.F. Patience, R.T. Zijlstra and M.
66 Determining the threonine requirement of the high-producing lactating sow D.R. Cooper, J.F. Patience, R.T. Zijlstra and M. Rademacher Introduction There are two steps in the design of a feeding strategy.
More informationEffects of XFE Liquid Energy and Choice White Grease on Nursery Pig Performance 1
Effects of XFE Liquid Energy and Choice White Grease on Nursery Pig Performance W. Ying, J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, and J. L. Nelssen Summary Two experiments were conducted
More informationOverview Part 2. Use of New Generation Corn DDGS in Feeds for Swine, Poultry, and Aquaculture. Why is there so much interest in feeding DDGS to swine?
Overview Part 2 Use of New Generation Corn DDGS in Feeds for Swine, Poultry, and Aquaculture Dr. Jerry Shurson Professor Dept. of Animal Science University of Minnesota Recommended maximum inclusion rates
More informationTHE ph OF SPRAY-DRIED BLOOD MEAL DOES NOT INFLUENCE NURSERY PIG PERFORMANCE 1,2
Swine Day 2 THE ph OF SPRAY-DRIED BLOOD MEAL DOES NOT INFLUENCE NURSERY PIG PERFORMANCE 1,2 J. M. DeRouchey, J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz 3, J. C. Woodworth, B. W. James, M.
More informationBackground. GHG Gasses from Swine 7/20/2012. Nutritional Effects on Nutrient Excretion and Gas Emissions and the Carbon Footprint of Swine
Nutritional Effects on Nutrient Excretion and Gas Emissions and the Carbon Footprint of Swine Brian Richert Background Animals are the point source of manure production and gas emissions Feed management
More informationTHE OPTIMAL TRUE-ILEAL-DIGESTIBLE LYSINE AND TOTAL SULFUR AMINO ACID REQUIREMENT FOR NURSERY PIGS BETWEEN 20 AND 50 LB 1
Swine Day 24 THE OPTIMAL TRUE-ILEAL-DIGESTIBLE LYSINE AND TOTAL SULFUR AMINO ACID REQUIREMENT FOR NURSERY PIGS BETWEEN 2 AND 5 LB J. D. Schneider, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz 2, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen,
More informationEffects of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus Concentrations and Addition of Phytase on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports Volume 3 Issue 7 Swine Day Article 19 2017 Effects of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus Concentrations and Addition of Phytase on Growth Performance
More informationTryptophan Bioavailability in Soybean Meal for Young Pigs
Introduction Tryptophan Bioavailability in Soybean Meal for Young Pigs O. Adeola Department of Animal Sciences Several studies have been conducted to determine the bioavailability of amino acids for young
More informationEvaluation of Elarom SES with or without Tri-basic Copper Chloride on Nursery Pig Growth Performance
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports Volume 3 Issue 7 Swine Day Article 26 207 Evaluation of Elarom SES with or without Tri-basic Copper Chloride on Nursery Pig Growth Performance H.
More informationGrower-Finisher Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs Fed Genetically Modified Bt Corn
Grower-Finisher Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs Fed Genetically Modified Bt Corn Introduction T.E. Weber, B.T. Richert, D.C. Kendall, K.A. Bowers, and C.T. Herr Department of Animal Sciences
More informationSummary Report 3/2/05. Guowu Xu, Mark Whitney, and Jerry Shurson Department of Animal Science University of Minnesota
The Effects of Adding Distiller s Dried Grains with Solubles, with and without Phytase, to Swine Diets on Phosphorus Balance, and Phosphorus Levels and Chemical Forms of Phosphorus in Swine Manure. Introduction
More information16% HOG RATION Feed as a Complete Growing & Finishing Ration
16% HOG RATION Feed as a Complete Growing & Finishing Ration Crude Protein min 16.00% Lysine min 0.70% Crude Fat min 3.50% Crude Fiber max 7.00% Calcium min 0.40% Calcium max 0.90% Salt max 0.70% Selenium
More informationEffects of Increased Inclusion of Algae Meal on Lamb Total Tract Digestibility
Animal Industry Report AS 661 ASL R3003 2015 Effects of Increased Inclusion of Algae Meal on Lamb Total Tract Digestibility Rebecca S. Stokes Iowa State University, rsstokes@iastate.edu Megan L. Van Emon
More informationEffects of Monosodium Glutamate and AminoGut on Nursery Pig Performance
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports Volume 3 Issue 7 Swine Day Article 7 07 Effects of Monosodium Glutamate and AminoGut on Nursery Pig Performance A. B. Clark Kansas State University,
More informationSupplementation of Low-Calcium and Low-Phosphorus Diets with Phytase and Cholecalciferol
Supplementation of Low-Calcium and Low-Phosphorus Diets with Phytase and Cholecalciferol Introduction O. Adeola, T.R. Cline, J.I. Orban, D. Ragland, and A.L. Sutton Department of Animal Sciences Supplementation
More informationADG (P<0.03) and ADFI (P<0.05). Increasing Neomycin sulfate in the feed improved. Summary
Swine Research 2005 EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSAGES OF WATER-BASED NEOMYCIN SULFATE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF WEANLING PIGS R. O. Gottlob, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz 1, R. D. Goodband, J. M. DeRouchey J. L.
More informationTHE EFFECTS OF POULTRY MEAL AND FISHMEAL ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF WEANLING PIGS 1
Swine Day 2003 Contents THE EFFECTS OF POULTRY MEAL AND FISHMEAL ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF WEANLING PIGS 1 T.P. Keegan, J.L. Nelssen, J.M. DeRouchey, R.D. Goodband, M.D. Tokach, and S.S. Dritz 2 Summary
More informationEFFECTS OF HEMICELL ADDITION TO NURSERY DIETS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF WEANLING PIGS. Authors: Story in Brief
1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: L.A. Pettey, S.D. Carter, B.W. Senne and J.A. Shriver EFFECTS OF HEMICELL ADDITION TO NURSERY DIETS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF WEANLING PIGS Story in Brief Pages
More informationCOMPARISON OF WATER-BASED AND IN-FEED ANTIMICROBIALS FOR GROWTH PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF WEANLING PIGS
Swine Research 2005 COMPARISON OF WATER-BASED AND IN-FEED ANTIMICROBIALS FOR GROWTH PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF WEANLING PIGS R. O. Gottlob, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz 1, R. D. Goodband, J. M. DeRouchey
More informationKey Words: Enzyme, Metabolizable Energy, Pigs
2000 Animal Science Research Report Effects of Hemicell Addition to Corn-Soybean Meal Diets on Energy and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Pages 117-122 L.A. Pettey, S.D. Carter and B.W. Senne Story in
More informationEvaluation of Fermented Soybean Meal Sources in Diets for Nursery Pigs 1
Evaluation of Fermented Soybean Meal Sources in Diets for Nursery Pigs A.M. Jeffrey, H.L. Frobose, J.M. DeRouchey, M.D. Tokach, R.D. Goodband, S.S. Dritz, and J.C. Woodworth Summary A total of 96 mixed-sex
More informationDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
Performance of Commercial Laying Hens when Six Percent Corn Oil Is Added to the Diet at Various Ages and with Different Levels of Tryptophan and Protein 1 R. S. Antar, R. H. Harms, 2 M. Shivazad, 3 D.
More information260 FEED AND INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIAL: Feed
260 FEED AND INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIAL: Feed Effects of xylanase supplementation on digestibility and performance of growing-finishing pigs fed Chinese double-low rapeseed meal inclusion diets: in vitro
More informationPerformance of finisher broiler chickens fed maggot meal as a replacement for fish meal
Journal of Agricultural Technology 2012 Vol. 8(2): 471-477 Journal of Agricultural Available online Technology http://www.ijat-aatsea.com 2012, Vol. 8(2): 471-477 ISSN 1686-9141 Performance of finisher
More informationof Nebraska - Lincoln
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Nebraska Swine Reports Animal Science Department 2006 Effect of Dietary Crude Protein Versus Crystalline Amino Acids on
More informationEFFECTS OF INCREASING DRIED DISTILLER S GRAINS ON FEED INTAKE
Swine Day 2004 EFFECTS OF INCREASING DRIED DISTILLER S GRAINS ON FEED INTAKE C. W. Hastad, J. L. Nelssen, R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz 2, J. M. DeRouchey and N. Z. Frantz Summary Recent studies
More informationAN EVALUATION OF ASTAXANTHIN AS A NUTRACEUTICAL GROWTH PROMOTER IN STARTER DIETS FOR WEANLING PIGS 1
Swine Day 2007 AN EVALUATION OF ASTAXANTHIN AS A NUTRACEUTICAL GROWTH PROMOTER IN STARTER DIETS FOR WEANLING PIGS 1 J. R. Bergstrom, J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz 2, J. M. DeRouchey and R. D.
More informationAsian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 23, No. 5 : May
573 Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 3, No. 5 : 573-579 May 00 www.ajas.info The Effects of Different Copper (Inorganic and Organic) and Energy (Tallow and Glycerol) Sources on Growth Performance, Nutrient
More informationEffects of Increasing PEP-NS on Nursery Pig Performance 1
Effects of Increasing PEP-NS on Nursery Pig Performance A. J. Myers, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, J. M. DeRouchey, J. L. Nelssen, B. W. Ratliff, D. McKilligan, G. Xu, and J. Moline Summary
More informationSummary. Procedures. (Key Words: Sorghum, Distillers Grains, Waxy, Endosperm, Finishing Pigs.) Introduction
Swine Day 1998 EFFECTS OF WHOLE GRAIN AND DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS WITH SOLUBLES FROM NORMAL AND HETEROWAXY ENDOSPERM SORGHUMS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY, AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS
More informationTHE EFFECTS OF REDUCING DIETARY CRUDE PROTEIN AND/OR ADDING CHICORY ON COMPOSITION AND ODOR OF STORED SWINE MANURE 1
Swine Day 2003 THE EFFECTS OF REDUCING DIETARY CRUDE PROTEIN AND/OR ADDING CHICORY ON COMPOSITION AND ODOR OF STORED SWINE MANURE 1 S.M. Hanni, J.M DeRouchey, M.D. Tokach, J.L. Nelssen, R.D. Goodband,
More informationEFFECTS OF FOUR SOYBEAN MEAL PRODUCTS ON LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY COWS. M. S. Awawdeh, E. C. Titgemeyer, J. S. Drouillard, and J. E.
Dairy Research 2006 EFFECTS OF FOUR SOYBEAN MEAL PRODUCTS ON LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY COWS M. S. Awawdeh, E. C. Titgemeyer, J. S. Drouillard, and J. E. Shirley Summary Thirty-two multiparous Holstein
More informationCOMPARISON OF INTERNATIONAL PROTEIN CORPORATION 740 FISH MEAL AND SPECIAL SELECT MENHADEN FISH MEAL IN NURSERY PIG DIETS
Swine Day 2001 Contents COMPARISON OF INTERNATIONAL PROTEIN CORPORATION 740 FISH MEAL AND SPECIAL SELECT MENHADEN FISH MEAL IN NURSERY PIG DIETS M. G. Young, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen,
More informationEffect of Zinc Oxide, Zinc Hydroxychloride, and Tri-basic Copper Chloride on Nursery Pig Performance
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports Volume 3 Issue 7 Swine Day Article 29 2017 Effect of Zinc Oxide, Zinc Hydroxychloride, and Tri-basic Copper Chloride on Nursery Pig Performance H.
More informationPURDUE UNIVERSITY SWINE DAY AUGUST 31, 1999
Effects of Fiber Addition (10% Soybean Hulls) to a Reduced Crude Protein Diet Supplemented With Synthetic Amino Acids Versus a Standard Commercial Diet on Pig Performance, Pit Composition, Odor and Ammonia
More informationComparative Effects of Dietary Copper, Zinc, Essential Oils, and Chlortetracycline on Nursery Pig Growth Performance 1
Comparative Effects of Dietary Copper, Zinc, Essential Oils, and Chlortetracycline on Nursery Pig Growth Performance J.A. Feldpausch, J.A. DeJong, M.D. Tokach, S.S. Dritz, J.C. Woodworth, R.G. Amachawadi,
More informationThreonine Is More Limiting Than Valine in Diets of Lactating Sows with High Rates of Body Protein Loss
Threonine Is More Limiting Than Valine in Diets of Lactating Sows with High Rates of Body Protein Loss Kevin T. Soltwedel, Robert A. Easter, and James E. Pettigrew Department of Animal Sciences University
More informationRactopamine hydrochloride and the environmental sustainability of pork production
Ractopamine hydrochloride and the environmental sustainability of pork production K.A. Ross 1,2, A.D. Beaulieu 1, J. Merrill 3, G. Vessie 3 and J. F. Patience 1,4 This project would not have been possible
More informationPotential for Fish Meal Analog as a Replacement for Fish Meal in Early-Weaned Pig Diets
Potential for Fish Meal Analog as a Replacement for Fish Meal in Early-Weaned Pig Diets C.V. Maxwell 1, M.E. Davis 1, D.C. Brown 1, P. Bond 2, and Z.B. Johnson 1 Story in Brief A total of 288 pigs (20
More informationK.F. Coble, S.S. Dritz 3, J. Usry 2, M.D. Tokach, J.M. DeRouchey, R.D. Goodband, and J.L. Nelssen SWINE DAY 2013
Effects of Copper Source (Intellibond C or Copper Sulfate) on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Pen Cleanliness, and Economics in Finishing Pigs, K.F. Coble, S.S. Dritz, J. Usry, M.D. Tokach,
More informationDETERMINING THE EFFECT OF RESTRICTED FEED INTAKE ON DEVELOPING PIGS WEIGHING BETWEEN 150 AND 250 LB, FED TWO OR SIX TIMES DAILY
Swine Day 2006 DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF RESTRICTED FEED INTAKE ON DEVELOPING PIGS WEIGHING BETWEEN 150 AND 250 LB, FED TWO OR SIX TIMES DAILY J. D. Schneider, M. D. Tokach, S.S. Dritz 1, R. D. Goodband,
More informationEFFECTS OF INCREASING CRYSTALLINE AMINO ACIDS AND THE SUBSEQUENT CHANGE IN DIET NET ENERGY ON GROWING PIG PERFORMANCE 1
Swine Day 2003 EFFECTS OF INCREASING CRYSTALLINE AMINO ACIDS AND THE SUBSEQUENT CHANGE IN DIET NET ENERGY ON GROWING PIG PERFORMANCE 1 M.D. Tokach, M.U. Steidinger 2, S.S. Dritz 3, J.M. DeRouchey, R.D.
More informationEFFECTS OF EXTRUDED-EXPELLED SOYBEAN MEAL AND SOLVENT EXTRACTED SOYBEAN MEAL LEVEL OF GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF WEANLING PIGS 1,2
Swine Day 2003 Contents EFFECTS OF EXTRUDED-EXPELLED SOYBEAN MEAL AND SOLVENT EXTRACTED SOYBEAN MEAL LEVEL OF GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF WEANLING PIGS 1,2 K.R. Lawrence, R.D. Goodband, M.D. Tokach, S.S. Dritz
More informationEffects of Dietary Standardized Ileal Digestible Isoleucine:Lysine Ratio on Nursery Pig Performance
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports Volume 2 Issue 8 Swine Day Article 12 January 2016 Effects of Dietary Standardized Ileal Digestible Isoleucine:Lysine Ratio on Nursery Pig Performance
More informationNatural-Pork. Swine Feeding Program
Natural-Pork Swine Feeding Program Natural Complete swine Feeds Natural Complete Sow Feeds Natural Sow Gestation Feed to desired body condition. Generally (4-6 lb) per gestating sow per day. Natural Sow
More informationInorganic vs Bioplex trace minerals for broilers: effects on performance and mineral excretion
Inorganic vs Bioplex trace minerals for broilers: effects on performance and mineral excretion M. LIPPENS (1), G. HUYGHEBAERT (1)* and L. NOLLET (2) (1) The Flemish Community, ILVO-Unit Animal Science,
More informationValidating a dietary approach to determine amino acid:lysine ratios for pigs
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports Volume 0 Issue 10 Swine Day (1968-2014) Article 1074 2014 Validating a dietary approach to determine amino acid:lysine ratios for pigs Marcio Antonio
More informationThe Relationship of Calcium Intake, Source, Size, Solubility In Vitro and In Vivo, and Gizzard Limestone Retention in Laying Hens 1
The Relationship of Calcium Intake, Source, Size, Solubility In Vitro and In Vivo, and Gizzard Limestone Retention in Laying Hens 1 BINGFAN ZHANG and CRAIG N. COON2 Department of Animal Science, University
More informationCOMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF AWASSI LAMBS FATTENING SYSTEMS IN PALESTINE.
Egyptian J. Nutrition and Feeds (2002) 5 (I): 23-29 COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF AWASSI LAMBS FATTENING SYSTEMS IN PALESTINE. W. HainmacI 1, J. Abo Omar", R. Otlunan" and H. Shanti 1-Ministry of Agriculture,
More informationEffects of Different Feed Mills and Conditioning Temperature of Pelleted Diets on Nursery Pig Performance and Feed Preference from 14 to 50 lb
SWINE DAY 04 Effects of Different Feed Mills and Conditioning Temperature of Pelleted Diets on Nursery Pig Performance and Feed Preference from 4 to 50 lb J.A. De Jong, J.M. DeRouchey, M.D. Tokach, R.D.
More informationUnit C: Poultry Management. Lesson 1: Nutrients for Maintenance, Growth and Reproduction
Unit C: Poultry Management Lesson 1: Nutrients for Maintenance, Growth and Reproduction 1 1 Carbohydrates Fats Minerals Nutrients Proteins Vitamins Water Terms 2 2 I. Nutrients are the chemical substances
More informationEvaluation of Antibiotics and Benzoic Acid on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs 1
Evaluation of Antibiotics and Benzoic Acid on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs J.E. Nemechek, M.D. Tokach, S.S. Dritz, R.D. Goodband, J.M. DeRouchey, and J.R. Bergstrom Summary A total of 40 weanling
More informationEFFECTS OF PELLETING AND PELLET CONDITIONING TEMPERATURES ON WEANLING PIG PERFORMANCE 1
Swine Day 1999 Contents EFFECTS OF PELLETING AND PELLET CONDITIONING TEMPERATURES ON WEANLING PIG PERFORMANCE 1 M. U. Steidinger, R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach 2, S. S. Dritz 3, J. L. Nelssen, P. R. O Quinn,
More informationEffects of Increasing Copper from Tri-basic Copper Chloride or a Copper-Chelate on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports Volume 3 Issue 7 Swine Day Article 30 2017 Effects of Increasing Copper from Tri-basic Copper Chloride or a Copper-Chelate on Growth Performance
More informationCOMPARISONS OF LYSINE BIOAVAILABILITY IN SPRAY-DRIED BLOOD MEAL, BLOOD CELLS, AND CRYSTALLINE LYSINE IN NURSERY PIGS
Swine Day 2000 Contents COMPARISONS OF LYSINE BIOAVAILABILITY IN SPRAYDRIED BLOOD MEAL, BLOOD CELLS, AND CRYSTALLINE LYSINE IN NURSERY PIGS J. M. DeRouchey, J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband,
More informationEffect of PHYTASE 5000 (Granular) on the Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Growing Finishing Pigs
Effect of PHYTASE 5000 (Granular) on the Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Growing Finishing Pigs 1. Introduction Vegetal materials contain plenty of phytate phosphorus, the utilization rate of
More informationJournal of Agriculture and Social Research (JASR) Vol. 11, No. 1, 2011
PERFORMANCE AND ENERGY METABOLISM BY BROILER CHICKENS FED MAIZE AND MILLET OFFALS AT DIFFERENT DIETARY LEVELS EZIESHI*, E. V., O. M. OBAZELE AND J. M. OLOMU Department of Animal Science, University of
More informationPig feed ingredients and feed cost in Kampong Thom, Siem Reap, and Battambang Province, Cambodia
Pig feed ingredients and feed cost in Kampong Thom, Siem Reap, and Battambang Province, Cambodia Prof. Dr. Kang Kroesna, Dean of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, RUA, Cambodia Dr. Joel DeRouchey, Swine
More information