Biological Activities for Extracts of Picao preto (Bidens pilosa)

Transcription

1 Biological Activities for Extracts of Picao preto (Bidens pilosa) IN VIVO RESEARCH Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Root Rwanda Toxic Effect (general) IP Mouse 1.0 gm/kg T08870 Stem Rwanda Toxic Effect (general) IP Mouse 1.0 gm/kg T08870 Stem Rwanda Uterine Stimulant Effect Guinea Pig mcg/ml Uterus (non-preg). T08870 Root Rwanda Uterine Stimulant Effect Guinea Pig mcg/ml Uterus (non-preg). T08870 Leaf Rwanda Uterine Stimulant Effect Guinea Pig mcg/ml Uterus (non-preg). T08870 Leaf USA Carcinogenic Leaves PO Rat 50.0 gm/kg Animals were given 3 weekly IP injections of 25 mg methyl-n-amylnitrosamine. Incidence of esophageal tumors was measured. T09444 Leaf South Africa Carcinogenic Leaf PO Rat 50 g/kg Increased esophageal papilloma induced by methyl-n-amylnitrosamine. Did not induce tumors without the chemical stimulus methyl-namylnitrosamine. AE1012 Taiwan Hepatoprotective PORat Protected against CCl4- and acetaminophen-induced acute hepatic lesions. Reduced the increase in SGOT and SGPT. AE1008 Brazil Antimalarial BuOH Ext Mouse Mouse 1000 mg/kg 1000 mg/kg Plasmodium falciparum L15922 Leaf Brazil Antimalarial BuOH Ext BuOH Ext Ether Ext Mouse 1000 mg/kg Plasmodium falciparum L15922

2 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Root Brazil Antimalarial BuOH Ext Fraction Ext Ether Ext Mouse 1000 mg/kg Plasmodium falciparum L15922 Stem Brazil Antimalarial Ether Ext Mouse Mouse 1000 mg/kg 1000 mg/kg Plasmodium falciparum L15922 Whole Plant Brazil Antimalarial ETOH Ext Mice 1,000 mg/kg 43% reduction in parasitaemia (Plasmodium berghei). Root Brazil Antimalarial ETOH Ext Mice 500 mg/kg Plants were collected in 3 different areas. All 3 plants exhibited a 43-66% reduction in parasitaemia (Plasmodium berghei). AE1006 AE1006 Mexico Hypoglycemic Oral Rabbit 4.0 mg/kg vs. glucose-induced hyperglycemia. L03570 Mexico Hypoglycemic GI Mouse IP Mouse vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. T08848 Egypt Hypoglycemic IP Rat IP Rat IP Rat mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. K08651 USA Hypoglycemic ETOH(90%)Ext PO Mouse 1.0 gm/kg L08341 Leaf Cameroon Hypoglycemic IP Rat Reduced elevated plasma insulin levels induced by high-fructose diet. Mexico Hypoglycemic H2O-ETOH Ext IP Mice Reduced glycemia in healthy mice by 13.8% after 240 minutes. Mexico Hypoglycemic H2O-ETOH Ext IP Mice Reduced glycemia in alloxan-diabetic mice by 22.7% at 240 minutes. AE1004 AE1005 AE1005 Leaf Cameroon Hypoglycemic Oral Rat mg/kg mg/kg No effect on plasma insulin and glucose in rats fed high-fructose diets. L15529

3 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Egypt Hyperglycemic PetroleumExt IP Rat mg/kg The hyperglycemic effect of alloxan was enhanced 39% with treatment. vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. K08651 Leaf Cameroon Hypotensive PO Rat mg/kg mg/kg Reversed high blood pressure induced by high-fructose diets. L15529 Leaf Cameroon Hypotensive PO Rat 75.0 mg/kg 75.0 mg/kg In spontaneously hypertensive rats. In salt-loading hypertensive rats. In normotensive rats. No changes in heart rate and urine volume. L05008 Leaf Cameroon Hypotensive PO Rat Prevented hypertension induced by highfructose diets and lowered elevated blood pressure levels. AE1004 Leaf Rwanda Hypertensive IV Rabbit 5.0 mg/kg T08870 Leaf Rwanda Hypotensive IV Rabbit 5.0 mg/kg T08870 Leaf Cameroon Hypotensive PO Rat 75.0 mg/kg L05008 Root Rwanda Hypotensive IV Rabbit 5.0 mg/kg T08870 Stem Rwanda Hypotensive IV Rabbit 5.0 mg/kg T08870 Leaf Cameroon Hypotriglycerdemic PO Rat mg/kg mg/kg Reversed hypertriglyceridemia induced by high-fructose diets. L15529 Leaf Cameroon Hypocholesterolemic PO Rat mg/kg mg/kg Plasma cholesterol levels increased slightly. L15529 Leaf Cameroon Creatinine Lowering Effect PO Rat mg/kg mg/kg Reduced plasma creatinine in rats fed high-fructose diets. L15529 Leaf Brazil Anti-inflammatory IP Mouse 10.0 mg vs. zymosan-induced pedal edema. L04335 Leaf Brazil Anti-inflammatory IP Mice 10 mg Reduce the size of the popliteal lymph node after inflammation induced by zymosan. Reduced foot pad inflammation induced by zymosan. L04335

4 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Taiwan Anti-inflammatory IM Rat 150 mg/kg 300 mg/kg 500 mg/kg vs. paw edema induced by carrageenan. vs. paw edema induced by carrageenan. vs. chronic arthritis induced by complete Freund s adjunvant. AE1011 Cuba Antiulcer PO Rat 0.5 gm/kg 0.5 gm/kg 2 gm/kg vs. indomethacin-induced ulcers. vs. 80% ethanol-induced ulcers. Inhibited hemorrhagic lesions induced by ethanol. L06781 Leaf Cameroon Antiulcer Cyclohexane PO Rat 1000 mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg 1000 mg/kg 1000 mg/kg vs. pylorus ligation-induced ulcers. vs. HCl/ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. vs. 80% ethanol-induced ulcers. vs. pylorus ligation-induced ulcers. vs. HCl/ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. vs. HCl/ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. L12395 Leaf + Stem Cuba Antiulcer GI Rat T11836 Cuba Antisecretory Effect IP Rat 0.5 gm/kg Decreased the gastric juice volume, acid secretion and pepsin secretion. vs. pylorus ligation. L06781 Leaf Rwanda Root Rwanda Stem Rwanda Leaf Rwanda Leaf Rwanda Root Rwanda Stem Rwanda Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Effect Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Effect Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Effect Skeletal Muscle Stimulant Smooth Muscle Stimulant Skeletal Muscle Stimulant Smooth Muscle Stimulant Toad 500 mcg/ml Muscle (rectus abdominus). T08870 Toad 500 mcg/ml Muscl e(rectus abdominus). T08870 Toad 500 mcg/ml Muscle (rectus abdominus). T08870 Toad mcg/ml Muscle (rectus abdominus). T08870 Guinea Pig mcg/ml Ileum. T08870 Toad mcg/ml Muscle (rectus abdominus). T08870 Guinea Pig mcg/ml Ileum. T08870

5 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Root Rwanda Stem Rwanda Leaf Rwanda Stem Rwanda Root Rwanda Smooth Muscle Stimulant Skeletal Muscle Stimulant Smooth Muscle Relaxant Smooth Muscle Relaxant Smooth Muscle Relaxant Guinea Pig mcg/ml Ileum. T08870 Toad mcg/ml Muscle(rectus abdominus). T08870 Guinea Pig 500 mcg/ml Ileum. T08870 Guinea Pig 500 mcg/ml Ileum. T08870 Guinea Pig 500 mcg/ml Ileum. T08870 Leaf Cameroon Smooth Muscle Relaxant Rat aorta 8.0 mg/ml vs. calcium-induced contractions. vs. norepinephrine-induced contractions. J19693 Japan Radioprotective Effect IP Mouse 1000 mg/kg vs. radiation-induced skin injury. K29839 Nigeria Neurotoxin Inhibiting Mice Potentiated the antivenom lpser Afrique which is used against two deadly venoms - Dendroaspis jamesoni (neurotoxin containing venom) and Echis oceliatus. AE1007

6 Biological Activities for Extracts of Picao preto (Bidens pilosa) IN VITRO RESEARCH Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Egypt Antibacterial Petroleum Petroleum Petroleum Petroleum Petroleum Petroleum 30.0 mcg Sarcina lutea Neisseria gonorrhea Neisseria gonorrhea Sarcina lutea Sarcina lutea Neisseria gonorrhea Neisseria gonorrhea Sarcina lutea K08651 Leaf South Africa Antibacterial 1.0 mg/ml 1.0 mg/ml 1.0 mg/ml MIC=2.0 mg/ml MIC=4.0 mg/ml MIC=8.0 mg/ml Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus epidermidis L15587 Leaf Trinidad Antibacterial Pet ether Ext 1000 mcg/ml 1000 mcg/ml 1000 mcg/ml 1000 mcg/ml 1000 mcg/ml Salmonella typhimurium Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus faecalis L13922

7 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Papua-New Guinea Papua-New Guinea Antibacterial 4.0 mg Micrococcus roseus Salmonella typhi Salmonella typhimurium Staphylococcus albus Staphylococcus epidermidis Agrobacterium tumefaciens Bacillus cereus Bacillus coagulans Bacillus megaterium Citrobacter freundii Enterobacter aerogenes Klebsiella pneumoniae Lactobacillus casei Micrococcus luteus Neisseria gonorrhea Proteus mirabilis Serratia marcescens Streptococcus faecalis Streptococcus pneumoniae Antibacterial 4.0 mg Agrobacterium tumefaciens Bacillus cereus Bacillus coagulans Bacillus megaterium Citrobacter freundii Enterobacter aerogenes Lactobacillus casei Micrococcus luteus Micrococcus roseus Neisseria gonorrhea Proteus mirabilis Salmonella typhi Salmonella typhimurium L18469 L18469

8 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Papua-New Guinea Papua-New Guinea Papua-New Guinea Antibacterial 4.0 mg Serratia marcescens Staphylococcus albus Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus faecalis Streptococcus pneumoniae Klebsiella pneumoniae Antibacterial 4.0 mg Agrobacterium tumefaciens Bacillus cereus Bacillus coagulans Bacillus megaterium Citrobacter freundii Enterobacter aerogenes Klebsiella pneumoniae Lactobacillus casei Micrococcus luteus Micrococcus roseus Neisseria gonorrhea Proteus mirabilis Salmonella typhi Salmonella typhimurium Serratia marcescens Staphylococcus albus Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus faecalis Streptococcus pneumoniae Antibacterial Petrol(gasoline) 4.0 mg Agrobacterium tumefaciens Bacillus cereus Bacillus coagulans Bacillus megaterium Citrobacter freundii Enterobacter aerogenes L18469 L18469 L18469

9 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Papua-New Guinea Antibacterial Petrol (gasoline) 4.0 mg Klebsiella pneumoniae Lactobacillus casei Micrococcus luteus Micrococcus roseus Neisseria gonorrhea Salmonella typhi Salmonella typhimurium Serratia marcescens Staphylococcus albus Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus faecalis Streptococcus pneumoniae Proteus mirabilis L18469 Leaf Ethiopia Antibacterial Acid-ETOH Ext 0.20 ml Leaf Ethiopia Antibacterial 0.20 ml Leaf Ethiopia Antibacterial Acid-ETOH Ext 0.20 ml Klebsiella pneumoniae Klebsiella pneumoniae Klebsiella pneumoniae Salmonella gallinarum Salmonella gallinarum Salmonella gallinarum Salmonella gallinarum Staphylococcus albus Staphylococcus albus Klebsiella pneumoniae Staphylococcus albus Staphylococcus albus Salmonella gallinarum K21091 K21091 K21091

10 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Leaf Ethiopia Antibacterial Acid-ETOH Ext 0.20 ml Klebsiella pneumoniae K21091 Flowers Guatemala Antibacterial ETOH-H2O (50%) Ext 50.0 microliters Salmonella typhosa Shigella flexneri K24899 Flowers Trinidad Antibacterial 1000 mcg/ml Salmonella typhimurium Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus faecalis L13922 Leaf Brazil Antibacterial mg/ml Bacillus corineforme. Citrobacter freundii Enterococcus species Streptococcus hemolyticus Streptococcus viridans L10331 Leaf Rwanda Antibacterial ETOH(80%) Ext 0.2 ml K27812 Leaf Rwanda Antibacterial 50.0 mg/ml Salmonella gallinarum M25480 Leaf Rwanda Antimycobacterial 0.1 mg/ml 0.1 mg/ml 0.1 mg/ml 0.5 mg/ml 0.5 mg/ml 0.5 mg/ml 1.0 mg/ml 1.0 mg/ml 1.0 mg/ml Mycobacterium avium Mycobacterium simiae Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium avium Mycobacterium simiae Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium avium Mycobacterium simiae K17419 Leaf Rwanda Antimycobacterial 50.0 mg/ml Mycobacterium smegmatis M25480

11 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Whole Plant Brazil Antimalarial ETOH Ext BuOH Ext in vitro 50 ug/ml 50 ug/ml 90% inhibition of P. falciparum. 90% inhibition of P. falciparum. AE1006 Leaf Brazil Antimalarial ETOH Ext BuOH Ext in vitro 50 ug/ml 50 ug/ml 50 ug/ml 90% inhibition of P. falciparum. 79% inhibition of P. falciparum. 94% inhibition of P. falciparum. AE1006 Root Brazil Antimalarial ETOH Ext BuOH Ext ETOH Ext ETOH Ext in vitro 50 ug/ml 50 ug/ml 50 ug/ml 25 ug/ml 12.5 ug/ml 90% inhibition of P. falciparum. 68% inhibition of P. falciparum. 86% inhibition of P. falciparum. 70% inhibition of P. falciparum. 49% inhibition of P. falciparum. AE1006 Stem Brazil Antimalarial in vitro 50 ug/ml 47% inhibition of P. falciparum. AE1006 Stem Brazil Antimalarial Ether Ext Plasmodium falciparum J11673 Root Brazil Antimalarial BuOH Ext Ether Ext Plasmodium falciparum (90% inhibition). J11673 Leaf Brazil Antimalarial BuOH Ext Ether Ext Plasmodium falciparum J11673 Brazil Antimalarial ETOH(90%)Ext 20.0 mcg/ml Plasmodium falciparum J11673 Kenya Antimalarial Decoction Decoction Decoction Decoction IC50=371.0 mcg/ml IC50=480.0 mcg/ml IC50=923.0 mcg/ml IC50=937.0 mcg/ml Plasmodium falciparum vs. chloroquine-resistant strains. L13602 Kenya Antimalarial IC50=481.0 mcg/ml IC50=55.0 mcg/ml IC50=57.0 mcg/ml Plasmodium falciparum vs. chloroquine-resistant strains. L13602

12 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Kenya Antimalarial IC50=101.0 mcg/ml IC50=404.0 mcg/ml IC50=441.0 mcg/ml IC50=563.0 mcg/ml IC50=493.0 mcg/ml IC50=504.0 mcg/ml IC50=858.0 mcg/ml IC50=961.0 mcg/ml Plasmodium falciparum vs. chloroquine-resistant strains. L13602 Kenya Antimalarial Pet ether Ext Pet ether Ext Pet ether Ext Pet ether Ext IC50=149.0 mcg/ml IC50=2 IC50=253.0 mcg/ml IC50=490.0 mcg/ml Plasmodium falciparum vs. chloroquine-resistant strains. L13602 Stem Cuba Antifungal Acetone Ext 50% 50% 50% Neurospora crassa T08589 Panama Antifungal mcg mcg mcg Cladosporium cucumerinum K11142 K11142 K11142 Root Panama Antifungal mcg mcg mcg Cladosporium cucumerinum K11142 Mexico Antifungal MIC=100.0 mcg/ml MIC=125.0 mcg/ml MIC=62.0 mcg/ml Microsporum gypseum Trichophyton mentagrophytes Microsporum gypseum Trichophyton mentagrophytes H20010 Papua-New Guinea Antifungal Petrol(gasoline) Petrol(gasoline) Aspergillus niger Trichophyton mentagrophytes Aspergillus niger Trichophyton mentagrophytes Aspergillus niger Trichophyton mentagrophytes Aspergillus niger Trichophyton mentagrophytes L18469 Leaf Cuba Antifungal Acetone Ext 50% 50% 50% Neurospora crassa T08589

13 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Egypt Antiyeast Petroleum 30.0 mcg Candida albicans K08651 Root Panama Antiyeast mcg mcg mcg Candida albicans K11142 Panama Antiyeast mcg Candida albicans K11142 Papua-New Guinea Antiyeast Petrol(gasoline) Petrol(gasoline) Candida albicans Candida tropicalis Candida albicans Candida tropicalis Candida albicans Candida tropicalis Candida albicans Candida tropicalis L18469 Leaf Rwanda Antiyeast 50.0 mg/ml Candida albicans M25480 Leaf Ethiopia Antiyeast 0.20 ml Candida albicans K21091 Leaf Ethiopia Antiyeast ACID-ETOH Ext 0.20 ml Candida albicans K21091 Leaf Brazil Antiviral MEOH(75%)Ext MEOH(75%)Ext MEOH(75%)Ext MEOH(75%)Ext MEOH(75%)Ext Cell Culture ED50=200 mcg/ml ED50=250 mcg/ml ED50=500 mcg/ml LD50=500 mcg/ml Virus - Adenovirus(unspec) Virus - Herpes simplex 1 Virus - Herpes simplex 2 Virus - Poliovirus ii Virus - Vesicular stomatitis L05437 China Antiviral ETOH(90%)Ext ETOH(90%)Ext Cell Culture Cell Culture MIC=125.0 mcg/ml MIC=65.0 mcg/ml Virus-Cytomegalovirus Virus-Sindbis M28528 Panama Antiviral mcg/ml Virus - Herpes simplex 1 K28424

14 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Leaf Rwanda Antiviral ETOH(80%) Ext Cell Culture 0.2 ml Virus-coxsackie Virus-herpes(unspec) Virus-measles Virus-poliovirus(unspec) Virus-semlicki-forest K27812 Flowers South Africa Antiamebic IC50=>5.0 mg/ml Entamoeba histolytica Entamoeba histolytica L16048 Brazil Antitrypanosomal 2.5 mg/ml Trypanosoma cruzi K24859 Papua-new Guinea Antitrichomonal Petrol(gasoline) 4.0 mg Trichomonas vaginalis L18469 Seed Kenya Molluscicidal Biomphalaria pfeifferi T14178 Stem Kenya Molluscicidal Biomphalaria pfeifferi T14178 Panama Molluscicidal ppm Biomphalaria glabrata K29051 Leaf Kenya Molluscicidal Biomphalaria pfeifferi T14178 Puerto Rico Molluscicidal H2O slurry LD100 >1m ppm LD100 >1m ppm Lymnaea columella Lymnaea cubensis T04621 Flowers Kenya Molluscicidal Biomphalaria pfeifferi T14178 Root Panama Anticrustacean LC50=38.0 mcg/ml Artemia salina assay system is intended to predict for antitumor activity. K29268 Uruguay Anticrustacean HOT 1.0% Artemia salina system is intended to predict for antitumor activity assay. K18125 Brazil Anticrustacean LC50=>100 ppm Artemia salina larvae assay system is intended to predict for antitumor activity. K24859

15 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Root Panama Crown Gall Tumor Inhibition Potato Disc Agrobacterium tumefaciens assay system is intended to predict for antitumor activity. K29268 Root Panama Cytotoxic mcg/ml Vs. cell line v79. K29268 Panama Cytotoxic Cell Culture mcg/ml Cells-vero. K28424 Panama Cytotoxic Cell Culture IC50=54.0 mcg/ml Cells-mt-4 vs. HIV-induced cytopathogenicity. L10189 Leaf Brazil Cytotoxic MEOH(75%)Ext Cell Culture IC mcg/ml Cells-vero. L05437 Root Europe Antileukemic in vitro 70-78% inhibition via potato disc assay. AE1009 Taiwan Antileukemic Hot Hot Hot Hot Hot Cell Culture Cell Culture Cell Culture Cell Culture Cell Culture mcg/ml mcg/ml mcg/ml mcg/ml IC50=145.7 mcg/ml LEUK-K562. CELLS-P3-JHR1. LEUK-L1210. CELLS-U937. CELLS-RAJI. L16511 Leaf Japan Antioxidant Cell Culture 10.0 mg/liter Thymocytes vs. H202-induced cell death. L14652 Leaf Japan South Africa Radical Scavenging Effect Anti-inflammatory 10.0 mg/liter vs. DPPH radical. L14652 ETOH Ext in vitro Inhibited cyclooxygenase. AE1010 Leaf Rwanda Immunomodulator ETOH(80%)Ext Cell Culture vs. PHA-induced lymphocyte proliferation. K23025 Leaf Brazil Immunosuppressant Cell Culture mcg/ml mcg/ml vs. phytohemagglutin-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation. vs. concanavalin a-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation. L04335 China Cell Proliferation Inhibition Cell Culture Mononuclear leukocytes. L12764

16 Part - Origin Tested For Type Extract Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Root Panama DNA Intercalating Effect 0.25 mg/ml K29268 Peru DNA Binding Effect ETOH(70%)Ext 0.5 mg/ml DNA-calf thymus. K27875 Taiwan Glutamate-pyruvatetransaminase Inhibition ETOH-H2O(1:1) Ext Cell Culture 1.0 mg/ml Cells-rat-liver vs. CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. T14999 Taiwan Glutamate-pyruvatetransaminase Inhibition ETOH-H2O(1:1) Ext Cell Culture 1.0 mg/ml Cells-rat-liver vs. PGE-1-induced pedal edema. T14999 Panama Uruguay Uruguay Giant Cell Formation Inhibition Plant Root Growth Inhibition Plant Root Growth Stimulant Cell Culture MIC=500.0 mcg/ml Cells-molt 4. L10189 HOT 5.0% Assayed in Triticum aestivum. K18125 HOT 0.5% Assayed in Triticum aestivum. K18125 Acrosin Inhibition ETOH (defatted with pet ether) Ext X00020 Peru Peru Beta-glucuronidase Inhibition Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition ETOH(70%)Ext IC50=7.6 mcg/ml K27875 ETOH(70%)Ext > K27875 Phototoxic Phototoxic to bacteria, fungi and human fibroblast cells. AE1013

17 Biological Activities for Compounds of Picao preto (Bidens pilosa) Compound Tested Tested For Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Quercetin 3,3'-dimethyl ether 7-o-alpha-lrhamnopyranosyl-(1-6)-beta-dglucopyranoside Antimalarial in vitro 50 ug 25 ug 20 ug 10 ug 5 ug 90% inhibition of P. falciparum. 85% inhibition of P. falciparum. 99% inhibition of P. falciparum. 73% inhibition of P. falciparum. 34% inhibition of P. falciparum. AE1006 Quercetin 3,3'-dimethyl ether-7-o-beta-dglucopyranoside Antimalarial in vitro 50 ug 25 ug 61% inhibition of P. falciparum. 54% inhibition of P. falciparum. AE1006 beta-d-glucopyranose Antimalarial Plasmodium falciparum AE1006 Antimalarial Plasmodium falciparum AE1006 Phenylacetylene Antimalarial Plasmodium falciparum AE1006 Phenylheptatriyne Antimalarial Plasmodium falciparum AE phenyl-1,3-diyn-5-en-7-ol acetate Antimalarial in vitro Plasmodium falciparum J11673 Phenylheptatriyne Antimicrobial K08422 alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6)-beta-dglucopyranose 2-beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy-2-hydroxy-5(e)- tridecene-7,9,11-triyne + 3-beta-d- glucopyranosyloxy-1-hydroxy-6(e)- tetradecene-8,10,1 2-triyne Hypoglycemic Mice Reduced blood glucose. L08341 Friedelin Anti-inflammatory K08422 Friedelan-3-beta-ol Anti-inflammatory K08422 Isoquercitrin Neutrophil Elastase Inhibition in vitro IC50=0.7 mcg/ml Human neutrophil elastase. AE1014 Alpha-tocopherylquinone Vitamin E Production Oral Human Adult 400 mg Converted to alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E). AE1015 Alpha-tocopherylquinone Antioxidant Cell Culture Low concentrations. AE1016

18 Compound Tested Tested For Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref # Alpha-tocopherylquinone Pro-oxidant Cell Culture High concentrations. AE1016 Return to the Picao Preto Plant Database File Copyrighted 2004 Raintree Nutrition, Inc. Carson City, Nevada All rights reserved. Please read the Conditions of Use and Copyright Statement for this web page and website.