BIOBAN CWT MICROBICIDE FOR INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENT EPA Reg. No * CAS Reg. No

Transcription

1 Product Information BIOBAN CWT MICROBICIDE FOR INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENT EPA Reg. No * CAS Reg. No General BIOBAN CWT is a non-oxidizing biocide particularly suited for the control of bacteria and slimes in industrial applications including recirculating water systems, oil field water systems, drilling muds, and for preservation of aqueous packaged emulsions, solutions and suspensions. It is especially effective against bacteria associated with microbially influenced corrosion. Effective at alkaline ph, BIOBAN CWT can be slug fed into the system and will not cause ph fluctuations. BIOBAN CWT is compatible with other treatment chemicals such as phosphorous dispersants and inhibitors, as well as other biocides. BIOBAN CWT does not cause deterioration of metal piping, pumps or synthetic gaskets. BIOBAN CWT is a 25% aqueous solution of tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane**. BIOBAN CWT provides the following benefits when used in industrial process systems: Broad-spectrum bactericide with efficacy against sulfate-reducing bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and Legionella pneumophila. Efficacious over a wide ph range (7-11). Quick speed of kill, especially at the higher ph levels. Nonionic and non-foaming Low odor Low toxicity Structure CH 2 OH HOCH 2 CH 2 OH Physical Properties NO 2 The following are typical properties of BIOBAN CWT; they are not to be considered product specifications. TRIS NITRO, % by wt min. ph (neat) Specific 25/25 C Crystallization Point (approx.) C/30 F Color, Gardner max. **Not registered for use in the State of California. **Indexed by Chemical Abstracts as 2-hydroxymethyl-2-nitro-1, 3-propanediol. Page 1 of 7

2 Antimicrobial Activity The antimicrobial effectiveness of BIOBAN CWT against many organisms is indicated by the following spectrum. Repeated transfers have been made with many of these organisms without any indications of a tendency to develop resistance. The following information is intended only to indicate the broad-spectrum activity of the product. This information must not be interpreted as having relevance to the use pattern recommended, effective dosages, activity against specific microorganisms, or any other implications of the effectiveness of formulated products. Antimicrobial Spectrum of BIOBAN CWT (as supplied) Organism Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) at ph 7.4 (ppm) Bacteria Bacillus subtilis Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus faecalis Micrococcus luteus Escherichia coli Enterobacter aerogenes Pseudomonas aeruginosa Salmonella typhii Desulfovibrio desulfuricans <66 Fungi Cladosporium herbarum >4000 Cephalosporium sp. >4000 Trichophyton mentagrophytes >4000 Aspergillus niger >4000 Aureobasidium pullulans >4000 Fusarium moniliforme >4000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Candida albicans >4000 Formulating Considerations Although some antimicrobial activity is provided by BIOBAN CWT at a ph as low as 6, it is most effective at ph 7.5 or higher where there is a gradual release of formaldehyde to provide continuous activity for a prolonged period. Under ordinary use conditions, the odor of formaldehyde should not be detectable. BIOBAN CWT is miscible with water and is quite stable in neutral or acidic solution. However, in slightly alkaline solution, BIOBAN CWT slowly decomposes to release formaldehyde. Formaldehyde is released more rapidly as ph is increased. This release can easily be controlled by ph adjustment and/or temperature so that the working life of BIOBAN CWT can be varied from a few minutes to several months according to conditions of use. BIOBAN CWT can be used alone or in combination with other biocides. The use of multiple preservatives provides additional protection against bacterial and fungal contamination. In addition, combination systems can be more cost effective. Multiple biocide combinations help prevent the establishment of populations of organisms resistant to a single biocide. BIOBAN CWT is especially effective in combination with 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin- 3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMIT/MIT). Synergistic activity has been reported between BIOBAN CWT and isothiazolinones. In addition, BIOBAN CWT can improve the stability of CMIT/MIT. Page 2 of 7

3 Uses BIOBAN CWT may be slug-fed or metered continuously. The product should not be diluted with water prior to addition to the system. The point of entry to the water system should be at least several feet away from introduction of any alkaline chemical treatments as this would prematurely release much of the available formaldehyde. Recirculating Water Systems BIOBAN CWT is used to control bacteria in cooling towers, evaporative condensers, and closed recirculating water systems such as retort, rotary, or hydrostatic heat sterilization processes used in the food industry. The system should be treated with ppm of BIOBAN CWT (active ingredient basis). Typically to maintain control, dose rates are ppm as supplied. Initial dose: When the system is noticeably fouled, add 12 ounces to 2 gallons of BIOBAN CWT per 1000 gallons of water (approximately ppm BIOBAN CWT active ingredient). This dosage should be repeated until control is achieved. Badly fouled systems should be cleaned before initial treatment for optimum results. Subsequent dose: Add 4 ounces to 2 quarts of BIOBAN CWT per 1000 gallons of water as needed to maintain control (approximately ppm BIOBAN CWT active ingredient). BIOBAN CWT should be added at a convenient point which also provides for uniform mixing. Oilfield Water Systems BIOBAN CWT is used in oilfield water systems to control aerobic slime-forming bacteria and anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria. Depending upon the severity of contamination, a treatment level of ppm BIOBAN CWT active ingredient is recommended. Additions should be made with a metering pump at the free-water knockouts before or after injection pumps and injection well headers. Continuous-feed method: If the system is noticeably fouled, add ppm BIOBAN CWT active ingredient ( gallons of BIOBAN CWT per 1000 barrels of water) continuously until the desired degree of control is achieved. Subsequent dose: Treat with 500 ppm BIOBAN CWT active ingredient (80 gallons of BIOBAN CWT per 1000 barrels of water) continuously as needed to maintain control. Intermittent or slug method: If the system is noticeably fouled, or to maintain control of the system, add ppm BIOBAN CWT active ingredient ( gallons of BIOBAN CWT per 1000 barrels of water) intermittently for 2-8 hours per day on from 1-4 days per week, depending on the severity of contamination. Preservative for Packaged Emulsions, Solutions, or Suspensions For control of bacterial contamination, add ppm of BIOBAN CWT active ingredient (2-4 gallons of BIOBAN CWT per 1000 gallons of formulation). Drilling Muds For the control of sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio desulfuricans) in water-based drilling muds, add 1 to 8 quarts of BIOBAN CWT to 1000 gallons of drilling mud (approximately ppm BIOBAN CWT active ingredient). Page 3 of 7

4 Toxicity Acute Oral Animal Studies A seven-day study on BIOBAN CWT active ingredient given by gavage was conducted in mice with the following results: LD 0 LD 50 LD mg/kg 1900±350 mg/kg 3000 mg/kg In a similar 14-day study of 50% aqueous BIOBAN CWT active ingredient in rats, the LD 50 was determined to be 1875 mg/kg. Intraperitoneal Study in Mice In a seven-day study in mice BIOBAN CWT active ingredient gave the following results by the intraperitoneal route: LD 0 LD 50 LD mg/kg 1850±350 mg/kg 3000 mg/kg Skin Irritation Studies In another study, BIOBAN CWT active ingredient diluted with distilled water to 1000 ppm, 3000 ppm, and 10,000 ppm active ingredient in water, was applied to the skin of six rabbits. No skin irritation was observed for any of the exposed animals after 24 hours exposure. A series of 48-hour patch tests was conducted by an independent dermatologist on 25 human volunteers using BIOBAN CWT active ingredient at concentrations of 0.3% and 0.6% in some typical cutting-oil emulsions. Another group was exposed to the cutting oil alone without BIOBAN CWT active ingredient. The tests were severe in that they were conducted with concentrations of BIOBAN CWT active ingredient considerably higher than any that have been found necessary to protect the emulsions from bacterial contamination. Both the closed and open methods of application were employed. The closed method insures maximal contact of the preparation with the skin and minimal loss by evaporation or wiping on the subject s clothing. There was absolutely no skin irritation in either the open or closed tests on any of the 25 subjects. In order to check on the sensitizing potential of aged cutting-oil emulsions containing BIOBAN CWT active ingredient; a series of human patch tests was conducted by another independent organization. The subjects were housewives, years of age. The tests consisted of three successive patch exposures of 24 hours duration with 24 hours or more between exposures. The three compositions employed consisted of (a) a typical cutting-oil emulsion without BIOBAN CWT active ingredient, (b) the same emulsion to which 0.5% BIOBAN CWT active ingredient had been added just before use in the test, (c) the same emulsion to which 0.5% BIOBAN CWT active ingredient had been added some time previously so that aging effects would have had ample opportunity to develop. The results of this test showed that addition of 0.5% BIOBAN CWT active ingredient (five to ten times as much as normally used) caused no increase in irritating effect whether it was added just before use or some time previously. The dermatologist concluded that normal users of the emulsions would not be expected to experience any primary irritation under the usual conditions of use. These findings are ample evidence that BIOBAN CWT active ingredient is not a primary irritant and that the sensitizing potential is minimal. A small but significant proportion of Page 4 of 7

5 workers exposed to cutting oils in the metalworking industry experience dermatitis from diverse causes. Some cutting oils containing BIOBAN CWT active ingredient may be involved in a fraction of these cases due to some chemical reaction which is not understood, but which may occur over a long period of time. Eye Irritation Study In an eye irritation study conducted on rabbits using the technique of Draize, 0.1 ml of 50% aqueous BIOBAN CWT active ingredient was placed in one eye of each of six rabbits. Only two of the rabbits showed mild redness of the conjunctivae and only one animal had a score of two at 24 hours. The eyes of all rabbits were normal for the remainder of the observation period. Sub-acute Dermal Study Groups of 30 rats (15 males and 15 females per group) were exposed to 0, 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg/day of BIOBAN CWT active ingredient for five days per week for 13 weeks. Treatment produced yellow discoloration at the application site; however, no dermal reactions were apparent even under microscopic examination. No exposed animals died and no adverse effects were noted for any of the dosed rats in terms of clinical observations, body weights, body weight gains, food consumption, hematology or serum chemistry values, urinalysis, ophthalmological findings, absolute and relative organ weight, or gross necropsy findings. Teratology Three groups of 25 pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were dosed by gavage daily with 0, 50, 375, or 750 mg/kg/day of BIOBAN CWT active ingredient on gestation days 6 through 15. These females were observed at least twice daily and weighed at appropriate intervals. On gestation day 20, the animals were sacrificed, and the fetuses were weighed, sexed, examined for external, skeletal and soft tissue anomalies, and developmental variations. Mortality and clinical signs of toxicity were observed at a dose level of 750 mg/kg/day. Body weight gain was severely decreased throughout the entire dosing period in the high-dose group. A slight decrease in the mean fetal body weight was apparent in litters from the high dose group. The no-effect level for maternal toxicity, fetotoxicity, and teratogenicity was considered to be 375 mg/kg/day of BIOBAN CWT active ingredient. Mutagenicity BIOBAN CWT active ingredient was judged to be nonmutagenic in an Ames Bacterial/Microsomal Assay. The study utilized Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537, and TA The study was done at dosages of 0.1 to 1.0 mg/plate with and without S9 liver microsomal fraction. Similar results were obtained in a chromosome aberration study in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Doses of 0.25 to 2.5 mg/ml were utilized. No mutagenic effect for BIOBAN CWT active ingredient was noted either with or without S9 liver microsomal fraction. Doses of to 2.5 mg/ml were employed in the unscheduled DNA synthesis assay in rat liver cell culture. Analysis of prepared slides by autoradiographic technique demonstrated Page 5 of 7

6 grain counts similar to the untreated control for all doses. BIOBAN CWT active ingredient was judged to be nonmutagenic in this assay. Environmental Effects When properly used and disposed of, BIOBAN CWT will have no measurable effect on the environment. As an antimicrobial agent for industrial applications, BIOBAN CWT should never be released directly into the environment if materials containing it are properly handled. Such materials must always be treated physically, chemically, and/or biologically in industrial treatment systems to render them harmless before disposal. BIOBAN CWT provides protection from microbial contamination under alkaline conditions by decomposing to release formaldehyde. BIOBAN CWT in any alkaline liquid will, in time, break down. Even when water has been treated a number of times, BIOBAN CWT will not increase in concentration in the system. A study has shown that low concentrations of BIOBAN CWT are assimilated by sludge obtained from a municipal sewage system. When properly handled and disposed of, BIOBAN CWT will not be released directly to the environment. Nevertheless, studies have been conducted to assess the possible effects on wildlife which might result from improper handling or accidental spills of the compound. The 5-day dietary LC 50 in mallard ducks was found to be in excess of 80,000 ppm of BIOBAN CWT active ingredient. The NOEL was found to be in excess of 10,000 ppm. The symptoms of toxicity seen at doses of 20,000 ppm or more appeared to be reversible when the birds were fed an untreated diet for 16 days post-treatment. All birds were normal when fed 2500, 5000, or 10,000 ppm BIOBAN CWT active ingredient. The 5-day dietary LC 50 in bobwhite quail was found to be in excess of 5000 ppm of BIOBAN CWT active ingredient (expressed as the 50% solution). No symptoms suggestive of toxicity were seen in birds fed 1250, 2500, or 5000 ppm BIOBAN CWT active ingredient. The LC 50 of BIOBAN CWT active ingredient for rainbow trout was calculated at 410 ppm. This implies that BIOBAN CWT active ingredient is practically nontoxic to trout. First Aid If swallowed, call a physician or Poison Control Center. Drink 1 or 2 glasses of water and induce vomiting by touching back of throat with finger. If person is unconscious, do not give anything by mouth and do not induce vomiting. If on skin, wash with plenty of soap and water. Get medical attention. If inhaled, remove victim to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration preferably mouth to mouth. Get medical attention. If in eyes, flush eyes with plenty of water. Call a physician if irritation persists. Precautionary Labeling Labels for BIOBAN CWT bear these caution statements: CAUTION Harmful if swallowed or absorbed through the skin or inhaled. Causes moderate eye irritation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, or clothing. Page 6 of 7

7 Avoid breathing spray mist. Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash clothing before reuse. Handling and Storage BIOBAN CWT will crystallize if cooled below approximately -1 C/30 F. It is recommended that care be taken during transit, and provision be made for storage such that BIOBAN CWT is maintained at temperatures higher than 4 C/40 F. BIOBAN CWT which has become frozen may be thawed and used without any loss of potency. This is most conveniently and safely accomplished by placing the frozen material in a heated storage area and agitating the contents. If this is impractical, frozen BIOBAN CWT can be thawed through the use of a hot water-bath and frequent agitation of the drum to mix the contents. Care should be taken that the temperature of the polyethylene drum is not allowed to exceed 65 C/150 F. BIOBAN CWT decomposes in the presence of alkaline materials, so it should be protected from vapors of ammonia and amines during handling and storage to prevent deterioration. Shipping and Packaging BIOBAN CWT is not classified as a hazardous material in the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations or in the international regulations for ocean and air transport. The bill of lading description used by DOW is: DISINFECTANT NOI, OTHER THAN MEDICINAL OR TOILET PREPARATIONS. NMFC ITEM SUB 3 CLASS 60. TRADE NAME = BIOBAN CWT Shipping Container Net Wt. Gross Wt. 5-gallon poly drum 40 lb 43 lb 55-gallon poly drum 475 lb 495 lb For further information visit our website: or call United States (phone) and Canada: (phone) (fax) Europe: (phone) (phone) Pacific: (fax) (phone) (fax) Latin America: (phone) (fax) Other Global (phone) Areas: (fax) NOTICE: No freedom from any patent owned by Seller or others is to be inferred. Because use conditions and applicable laws may differ from one location to another and may change with time, Customer is responsible for determining whether products and the information in this document are appropriate for Customer s use and for ensuring that Customer s workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other governmental enactments. Seller assumes no obligation or liability for the information in this document. NO WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN; ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED. Page 7 of 7 Printed in U.S.A. *Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company