RF RF. ;, cm -* cm. Mertens +331 Sudweeks +32+

Transcription

1 + 331* ///,**- / +,,**- 1 +, RF kg RF., RF + - RF ;, cm -* cm +.. kg OCW -* RF ph RF -/* kg OCW -*, cm RF 1. (.) :.3+.31,,**-,* +/ -*,/,*,*** ph Mertens +331 Sudweeks +32+ RF RF RF,*** ;,**,,**, RF : fax : *,-/,.,,1* horigutitds+.tr.yamagata-u.ac.jp 1.. :.3+.31,,**-.3+

2 RF RF RF RF + 2 RF ; kg RF -,*/ kg., RF + RF +- ; 0 ;,1+ kg,,.3 -* +. 1,cm -* cm +33/ TDN kg OCW,/ -* 2, : /, - RF., +, +* , +* 0 +,*** g 0* +.* mm index Table +. Composition Chemical composition of concentrate and rice straw Contents ( of dry matter) Concentrate +) Rice straw Feeding diets,) Organic matter 3,4. 2*43 3*4- Crude protein Ether extract.42,40.4. Nitrogen free extract , /241 Crude fiber 24- -/ Organic cellular content 1*4/ +/4. 0*4- Organic cell wall,+43 0/4/ -*4* Crude ash Koushi-Ikusei-Special (Kita-Nihon-Kumiai-Shiryo Co., Ltd.)., Feeding diets ratio was 2, : +2 concentrate and rice straw in dry matter. 1.. :.3+.31,,**-.3,

3 OCC OCW / /** ml ,. ph ph -* Conway Conway +3/* VFA G-/***A VFA SUS,M ; - mmf, m ; -* mlmin ;,* mlmin,+* +./ FID,/* 0 RF +, SAS GLM, + 1./1.1 kg RF TDN /+/- DCP + ph VFA ph 1, 0.-0./ RF Table,. E#ects of ruminal RF dosing on dry matter intake, digestibility and nutrient content in steers fed concentrate and rice straw at short and long length under -* organic cell wall in dry matter Item Non-RF + RF treatment, Di#erence Short -) Long. Short -) Long. Treatment Length Treatment Length Dry matter intake (kg/day) 140*4/ 14/*40 141*40 141*4/ Digestibility () Dry matter Organic matter Crude protein Ether extract Nitrogen free extract Crude fiber Organic cellular content Organic cell wall 0+43, ,40 0+4//42 1*4304/ 1,4,-4*, ,4-+40, ,4,, * 0*4104* 1+4/ ,40,24*/ *4-,41 0+4,-4/ /34--4* 024./4/ 1,41,42, ,4/-4/,/ /, ,43 /340-4/ * 1,41-4,,141/4. 2,4/,4/, Nutrient content () Total digestible nutrient Digestible crude protein /+40,4* 14+*41 /,4,,4. 14**41 /+4,-4* 042*4- /+4.,4+ 042*4. Values are meansd of four animals. + Non-RF (control) ; not dosed with mechanical stimulating brush (Rumen-Faibu ; RF)., RF treatment ; dosed with mechanical stimulating brush (Rumen-Faibu ; RF). - Short ;, cm length rice straw.. Long ; -* cm length rice straw. ; not statistically significant (P*.+*). 1.. :.3+.31,,**-.3-

4 +* mgdl VFA 0*+*/ mmoll RF, VFA,*,0 mol RF Fig. +. Diurnal changes in ruminal ph, ammonia-n (NH --N) concentration and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration of rumen fluid in steers fed concentrate and rice straw of short and long length under -* organic cell wall in dry matter. ; Non-RF (Short), ; Non-RF (Long), ;RF treatment (Short) and ; RF treatment (Long). Non-RF, RF treatment, Short and Long, see footnote in Table,. Di#erence : D+ ; length (P*.+*), D, ; treatment (P *.+*), D- ; length (P*.+*). Fig.,. Diurnal changes in molar proportion of volatile fatty acid of rumen fluid in steers fed concentrate and rice straw of short and long length under -* organic cell wall in dry matter. ; Non-RF (Short), ; Non-RF (Long), ;RF treatment (Short) and ; RF treatment (Long). Non-RF, RF treatment, Short and Long, see footnote in Table,. Di#erence : D+ ; treatment (P*.+*), D, ; length (P *.+*), D- ; treatment (P*.+*). 1.. :.3+.31,,**-.3.

5 RF 3- : , kg RF RF,**, Kennedy Milligan +312 ; Colucci +32, OCW +/ RF,**, RF ph +.*1 /./ RF -3- /+-.*- /3- RF -33 /20,**, Bailey Balch +30+ ph 0 OCW -*, cm ph RF, cm + *.2 kg,**, + +./+.1 kg RF ph Obara +33. *.0 kg +*.* kg 0* cm DCP TDN VFA VFA RF RF RF VFA RF +,**, OCW,1./ RF AP AP RF,-,1 RF -*-1,*** + +./+.1 kg RF VFA -/* kg, cm OCW -* RF 1.. :.3+.31,,**-.3/

6 RF RF RF RF Bailey CB, Balch CC Saliva secretion and its relation to feeding in cattle. +. The composition and rate of secretion of parotid saliva in a small steer. British Journal of Nutrition, +/ : -1+-2,. Colucci PE, Chase LE, Van Soest PJ. +32,. Feed intake, apparent diet digestibility, and rate of particulate passage in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 0/ : +../+./0. Conway EJ. +3/*. Micro-di#usion analysis and volumetric error. Lockwood and Son Ltd. London.,*** 1+ :J.1/J.2,.,**, 1- :.3/ /* ,2*-+* Kennedy PM, Milligan LP E#ects of cold exposure on digestion, microbial synthesis and nitrogen transformation in sheep. British Journal of Nutrition, -3 : +*/ TDN.* : 2+/.,**, 1- : -31.*/. Mertens DR Creating a system for meeting the fiber requirements of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 2* : / +33/,***,*** 3*3- Obara Y, Motoi Y, Kikuchi F Diurnal changes in rumen fermentation and blood properties in Holstein steers fed a concentrate mixture for fattening and rolled barley. Animal Science and Technology, 0/ :,+1,,/. Sudweeks EM, Ely LO, Mertens DR, Sisk LR Assessing minimum amounts and form of roughages in ruminant diets : Roughage value index system. Journal of Animal Science, /- : +.* :.3+.31,,**-.30

7 E#ects of Ruminal Dosing of Mechanical Stimulating Brush on Digestibility and Rumen Characteristics of Holstein Steers Fed High Rice Straw Ken-ichi HORIGUCHI and Toshiyoshi TAKAHASHI + Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka-shi 331*-03, Japan + Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka-shi 3312///, Japan Corresponding : Ken-ichi HORIGUCHI (fax : 2+(*),-/,.,,1*, horigutitds+.tr.yamagata-u.ac.jp) The objectives of this study were to determine the e#ect of ruminal dosing of mechanical stimulating brush (Rumen faibu ; RF) on digestibility and on rumen characteristics of steers fed high rice straw at two lengths cuts (, cmand -* cm). Eight Holstein steers (-+2 kg in average body weight) were used. Four steers were orally dosed, three RF per head (RF treatment) and the other four were not dosed (Non-RF). All steers were fed enough concentrate and rice straw to gain +.. kg/day in body weight. The organic cell wall (OCW) content of the ration was -* in dry matter basis. The digestibility and nutritive value were not a#ected by RF dosing and length of rice straw. There were no statistical di#erences in the ruminal ph, concentration of ammonia-n, total concentration and molar proportion of volatile fatty acid between the Non-RF and the RF treatment. These results show that digestibility and rumen characteristics are not e#ected by RF dosing when OCW content of feeding diets is about -* in dry matter with rice straw over, cm length. Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho, 1. (.) :.3+.31,,**- Key words : Mechanical stimulating brush, Rice straw, Digestibility, Rumen characteristics, Holstein steers 1.. :.3+.31,,**-.31