Balance Exercises & Off Season Training

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1 Balance Exercises & Off Season Training Vince Whalen PT, DPT, MS, OCS, NCS, certmdt Wadsworth Family Physical Therapy, Inc.

2 Critical Strengthening Exercises Deep Neck Flexors Scapulae Stabilizers physiohub.com

3 Critical Strengthening Exercises Transverse Abdominals Hip Abductors/Extensors Ankle Evertors

4 Critical Flexibility Exercises Cervical: Scalenes Upper trapezius Levator Scapulae Sternocleidomastoid Thoracic: Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor

5 Critical Flexibility Exercises Hips/Pelvis: Iliopsoas Rectus Femoris Hamstrings Foot/Ankle: Gastrocnemius Soleus Great Toe Extensors

6 Static Balance Exercises: Strategies and Progression Static Exercises: Lock the Hips to Improve Ankle Strategy Lock the Ankle to Improve Hip Strategy Progression: Base of Support Romberg, Tandem, Single leg Vision Eyes open, Eyes closed Surface Floor, Foam, BOSU Umphred 2013; Vaughn 2013, Herdman 2007

7 Dynamic Balance Exercises: Strategies and Progression Dynamic Exercises: Sudden Stops and/or Pivots to Improve Ankle Strategy Ladder Drills Shuffling Hopping Progression: Perturbations Self, Other Head Turns Horizontal, Vertical, Diagonal Small Base of Support Exercises to Improve Hip Strategy Walking Running Patterns Shuffling Umphred 2013; Vaughn 2013, Herdman 2007

8 Balance Exercises: Sports Specific Training Sports Specific Exercises: Sprinting/Cutting/Jumping Drills Throwing/Hitting/Kicking Integration Progression: Head Turns Horizontal, Vertical, Diagonal Targets Stationary, Moving Environment Closed, Open Stationary, Moving

9 Sports Specific Training Example Baseball Hitting Progression Converge/Diverge in Hitting Stance Head Turns with Hitting Side to Side Background Plain Busy Dynamic

10 References Carr, J., & Shepherd, R. (2010). Neurological Rehabilitation: Optimizing Motor Performance (2nd ed., pp ). N.p.: Churchill Livingstone. Castien R, Blankenstein A, Van Der Windt D, Heymans M, Dekker J. The Working Mechanism of Manual Therapy in Participants With Chronic Tension-Type Headache. JOSPT 2013;43: Hall T et al. Intertester Reliability and Diagnostic Validity of the Cervical Flexion-Rotation Test. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 2008; 5: Herdman, S. J. (2007). Vestibular Rehabilitation (3rd ed., pp ). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company. McKenzie RA. The Cervical and Thoracic Spine Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy. Spinal Publications LTD, 1990 Mulligan BR. Manual Therapy: Nags, Snags, MWMS. Hutcheson Bowman & Stewart, 1999 Oas JG, Episodic Vertigo. Rankel and Bope: Conn s Current Therapy W.B. Saunders Company, 2002 Reid SA, Rivett DA, Katekar MG, Callister R. Sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGS) are an effective treatment for cervicogenic dizziness. Man Ther. 2008;13: Reid SA, Rivett DA, Katekar MG, Callister R. Comparison of Mulligan Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glides and Maitland Mobilizations for treatment of cervicogenic Dizziness: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Physical Therapy 2014;94: Travell and Simons. Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Umphred, D. A., Lazaro, R. T., Roller, M. L., & Burton, G. U. (2013). Neurological Rehabilitation (6th ed., pp ). St. Louis, MO: Mosby Inc. Vaughn, B. (Fall 2013). Management of Balance and Vestibular Disorders Notes. Whalen V, Pawley J. The Role of Orthopedic and McKenzie Cervical Techniques in the treatment of Patients with Dizziness. The McKenzie Institute USA Journal. 2004;12(3): Wilhelmsen K, Kvåle A. Examination and Treatment of Patients With Unilateral Vestibular Damage, With Focus on Musculoskeletal System: A Case Series. Physical Therapy 2014;94:

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