JAT Vol. 49 #3 CEU Questions

Transcription

1 JAT Vol. 49 #3 CEU Questions Aronson et al 1. According to Aronson et al, which of the following age groups demonstrated less medial knee stiffness than the other age groups? a year olds b year olds c year olds 2. Aronson et al found that which of the following factor(s) appear(s) to have more influence on medial knee stiffness than the other factors? a. Sex b. Age c. Height and mass d. None of the above Chinn et al 1. Which of the following was suggested by Chinn et al as the mechanism by which ankle taping decreases the risk of ankle injury? a. Restriction of open chain range of motion b. Increased motoneuron pool excitability c. Both a and b d. Neither a or b 2. As noted by Chinn et al, individuals with chronic ankle instability have foot-floor clearance compared with those who have stable ankles. a. More b. Less

2 c. The same Dawson et al 1. What were the main findings of Dawson et al? a. Salivary cortisol levels were lower in the group receiving somatic- and cognitiverelaxation exercises than in the control group. b. Males had higher scores on the perceived stress scale than females. c. Females had higher scores on the Perceived Stress Scale than males. d. Both a and c are correct. 2. As reported in Dawson et al, somatic relaxation strategies can assist in injury healing by which of the following mechanisms? a. Reducing muscle tension associated with pain and inhibited healing b. Decreasing blood flow to the brain c. Increasing muscle tension associated with pain and inhibited healing d. Decreasing blood flow to skeletal muscles Del Rossi et al 1. In the Del Rossi et al study of the ruler-drop test, participants completed trials at each session, and the middle trial(s) was (were) scored. a. 3;1 b. 5;3 c. 8; 4 d. 10; 4 2. Which of the following statements regarding the use of the ruler-drop test as part of a multifaced concussion-assessment battery is best supported by the results of Del Rossi et al? a. Baseline testing should be conducted on all athletes, and postinjury testing should

3 occur within 24 hours of injury. b. Practice effects may be lessened if at least 1 practice test is administered before baseline values are recorded. c. Postinjury tests should be separated by at least 1 day. Improvement indicates recovery from concussion. d. Individuals should not repeat the test at baseline, as this may cause their performance level to stabilize. Fletcher et al 1. Fletcher et al defined injury as an event that a. Occurred as a result of participation in an organized high school basketball practice or competition. b. Required medical attention by an athletic trainer or physician. c. Resulted in restriction of the student athlete s participation for at least 1 day. 2. Fletcher et al found that the most commonly treated body sites in both the emergency department and the athletic training setting were the a. Ankle, head/face b. Hand, knee c. Hand, wrist d. Shoulder, head/face Hadzic et al 1. True or False: Hadzic et al found that both the male and female players with a history of shoulder injury demonstrated differences in external-rotation strength of the dominant versus nondominant shoulder.

4 2. According to Hadzic et al, female volleyball players who played at a higher skill level and had a previous injury were times more likely to have abnormal strength ratios than less-skilled players without a history of injury. a. 2.3 b. 3.4 c. 4.5 d. 6.1 Harkey et al 1. As the result of knee injury, Harkey et al reported that quadriceps dysfunction commonly results in which of the following? a. Less eccentric contractility, resulting in less-than-optimal knee range of motion. b. Less concentric contractility, limiting an individual s ability to propel during ambulation. c. Stiffer knee-movement strategies, which are thought to alter joint contact forces and increase the risk of joint deterioration. 2. After Harkey et al separated the included studies into 5 intervention categories, they found that had the strongest effect in increasing voluntary quadriceps activation and had the weakest effect. a. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, cryotherapy b. cryotherapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation c. manual therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation d. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, manual therapy Harris-Hayes et al 1. In the study by Harris-Hayes et al, tester training included

5 a. Reviewing a written manual describing the criteria for group classification. b. Observing 8 10 practice videos together. c. Discussing 8 10 practice videos together. 2. True or False: The results of Harris-Hayes et al demonstrate that a tester with minimal experience assessing lower extremity movement patterns can classify such movements reliably if provided with appropriate training and specific criteria for the categories. Huang et al 1. As noted by Huang et al, the strength of all of the following muscle groups significantly decreased as the number of bench-press repetitions increased EXCEPT for the a. Elbow flexors b. Elbow extensors c. Forearm pronators d. Strength in all of these muscle groups decreased. 2. True or False: In the study by Huang et al, performing bench-press training to the point of fatigue increased the risk of injury to the elbow joint and upper extremity. Lafave and Butterwick 1. Lafave and Butterworth found that scenarios were needed to reliably assess a student s ability to tape? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4

6 d Lafave and Butterwick proposed which of the following as an acceptable means of assessing a student s taping ability? a. Summative assessments b. Assessments in a clinical placement c. a and b d. None of the above Lafave and Katz 1. According to Lafave and Katz, which of the following best describes the Standardized Orthopedic Assessment Tool (SOAT)? a. An assessment tool that follows a stringent linear progression designed to minimize the amount of clinical judgment needed to obtain an accurate diagnosis b. A practical, performance-based examination intended to measure clinical competence of orthopaedic injury evaluation c. A performance-based examination that has better reliability than similar Objective Structured Clinical Examinations because it uses dichotomous variables and scoring 2. In the study by Lafave and Katz, the Standardized Orthopedic Assessment Tool (SOAT) demonstrated validity and interrater reliability. a. Weak, weak b. Good, good c. Weak, good d. good, weak Lewis and Cook 1. According to Lewis and Cook, which tendon is affected in 95% of cases of

7 fluroquinolone-related tendinopathy and rupture? a. Achilles b. Patellar c. Peroneus brevis d. Rectus femoris 2. Lewis and Cook noted that all of the following statements are guidelines for fluoroquinolone use in athletes EXCEPT a. Athletes should be closely monitored for 1 month after fluroquinolone use. b. Oral or injectable corticosteroids should be used concomitantly with fluoroquinolones. c. Athletes should avoid the use of fluroquinolones unless no alternative is available. d. Athletes, coaches, and athletic training staff should understand the potential risk for developing this complication. McLester et al 1. McLester et al s purpose in using the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) was to a. Diagnose student athletes with eating disorders. b. Determine the prevalence of eating disorders in student athletes. c. Suggest referral for student athletes who reported eating disorders. d. Determine the susceptibility of student athletes to eating disorders. 2. According to McLester et al, approximately % of the sample was satisfied or very satisfied with their body, whereas approximately % of the sample had low selfesteem. a. 64; 31 b. 75; 24 c. 88; 10 d. 93; 7

8 Miller 1. Miller s hypothesis was that plasma sodium concentration, plasma potassium concentration, plasma osmolality, and percentage changes in plasma volume or sodium concentration would within minutes of ingesting pickle juice or mustard. a. Increase; 60 b. Decrease; 60 c. Increase; 30 d. Not change; Participants in Miller s study exercised for minutes. a. 60 b. 90 c. 120 d. 180 Moeller et al 1. According to Moeller et al, clinicians should use caution when prescribing which exercise because of high scapular muscle-activation levels? a. Lawnmower b. Bow and arrow c. Robbery d. External rotation with scapular squeeze 2. True or false: As noted by Moeller et al, clinicians can assess muscle imbalance can through manual muscle tests and scapular function testing to ensure that proper balance is re-established during the early rehabilitation phase.

9 Myer et al 1. Which of the following best describes the participants in the study by Myer et al? a. Males b. Students in grades 8 12 c. Soccer and basketball players 2. Myer et al considered which factors as independent clinical predictors for the development of patellofemoral pain? a. Shoe size b. Tibia length c. Body mass Pairot de Fontenay et al 1. According to Pairot de Fontenay et al, which of the following are kinematic alterations commonly observed in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at initial ground contact during landing? a. Smaller hip-extension angle b. Greater hip-extension angle c. Lesser ankle plantar flexion are correct. 2. Pairot de Fontenay found which of the following in the injured limb during jumping? a. Greater knee-extension angles and smaller ankle plantar-flexion angles at take-off b. Greater total moment and power c. Less total moment and power observed d. Greater ankle power and velocity

10 Queen et al 1. According to Queen et al, all of the following statements regarding the force-time integral are accurate EXCEPT a. The force-time integral is a measure of the area under the force-time curve and indicates not only how much the foot is being loaded but for how long. b. A decrease in the force-time integral is believed to be beneficial in preventing injuries. c. During the side-cut task, the force-time integral increased when the carbon footplate was used. d. During the crossover cut, the force-time integral increased when the carbon footplate was used. 2. True or False: The results of Queen et al supported their hypotheses. Sandrey 1. As described by Sandrey, one benefit of an alternative therapy such as autologous growth factor injections for treating chronic tendinopathy is the rapid resolution of symptoms. 2. Sandrey noted that which of the following will be important to determining outcomes of growth factor injections for chronic tendinopathy? a. Standardization of dosage b. Different healing responses in different anatomic locations c. Use of validated functional measures are important.

11 Williams et al 1. Williams et al identified which of the following as factors that may interact with foot type and mobility? a. Strike pattern and foot orthoses b. Shoe type and body mass index c. Average number of miles per week 2. According to Williams et al, runners who had mobile high arches exhibited a initial loading rate, greater peak vertical ground reaction force, and decreased eversionto-tibial internal-rotation ratio compared with runners who had rigid high arches a. Higher b. Lower c. Similar