BUDDHA AND FREUD FREUD MEETS BUDDHA: EAST MEETS WEST IN PSYCHOTHERAPY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BUDDHA AND FREUD SIMILARITIES OF BUDDHA AND FREUD

Transcription

1 BUDDHA AND FREUD FREUD MEETS BUDDHA: EAST MEETS WEST IN PSYCHOTHERAPY PSYCHOLOGY AND SPIRITUALITY MINDFULNESS AND ACCEPTANCE PERSONAL AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS LIFE OF BUDDHA: THE MIDDLE WAY FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS LIFE OF FREUD: FACE THE UNCONSCIOUS WHERE THERE IS ID, LET THERE BE EGO SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES SIMILARITIES OF BUDDHA AND FREUD SCIENTISTS OF THE MIND HEALING PHYSICIANS ATTENTION TO EXPERIENCE BODY MIND CONNECTION VALUE OF INSIGHT DANGER OF IGNORING UNKNOWN NEED FOR ORIENTING RELATIONSHIP ACTIONS HAVE CONSEQUENCES LIVE WITH CURIOSITY, HONESTY, COMPASSION DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BUDDHA AND FREUD LIFE IS SUFFERING: NEUROTIC CONFLICT VS ORDINARY UNHAPPINESS CAUSE OF SUFFERING: CONFLICT VS ATTACHMENT RELIEF: COMPROMISE VS SURRENDER GOAL: AUTONOMY VS INTERDEPENDENCE METHOD OF RELIEF: INTROSPECTION VS MEDITATION DIFFERING LEVELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS DIFFERING VIEWS OF SELF SCIENCE (FREUD) VS RELIGION (BUDDHA) ORIGINAL UNITY SEPARATED WITH SPECIALIZATION GROWING OPPOSITION DISILLUSIONMENT WITH RELIGION AND SCIENCE SEARCH FOR COMMON GROUND RECOVER TRUE SELF NEW APPROACH: AVOIDANCE OF EXPERIENCE AS CAUSE OF SUFFERING THIRD WAVE OF BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT CONVERGENCE WITH DEPTH PSYCHOLOGY LIVING MINDLESSLY IN IGNORANCE FLIGHT FROM PAINFUL EXPERIENCE ENMESHED IN VERBAL PROBLEM SOLVING FAILURE OF THOUGHT SUPPRESSION CONSEQUENCES: CONSTRICTED LIFE 1

2 MINDFULNESS My friends, it is through the establishment of the lovely clarity of mindfulness that you can let go of grasping after past and future, overcome attachment and grief, abandon all clinging and anxiety, and awaken an unshakable freedom of heart, here, now. Buddha EMPTY MIND Empty your mind of all thoughts. Let your heart be at peace. Watch the turmoil of beings, but contemplate their return. Each separate being of the universe returns to the common source. Returning to the source is serenity. Tao 16 PRAYER FROM THE HEART Whenever you pray, go to your room, close your door, and pray to your Father in private. Then your Father, who sees what no man sees, will repay you. In your prayer, do not rattle on like the pagans. They think they will win a hearing by the sheer multiplication of words. Do not imitate them. Your Father knows what you need before you ask Him. Jesus (Matthew: 6: 6 8) WHAT IS MINDFULNESS? PAYING ATTENTION IN A PARTICULAR WAY BECOME OBSERVER AWARENESS OF EXPERIENCE BEYOND THOUGHTS AND WORDS FOCUS ON PRESENT MOMENT NONJUDGMENTAL ATTITUDE BASIC PRACTICE: MEDITATION FIND A QUIET PLACE. SIT IN A RELAXED POSITION WITH ERECT POSTURE. BREATHE DEEPLY FROM ABDOMEN. FOCUS ON RISING AND FALLING OF YOUR BREATH. WHEN DISTRACTED, GENTLY RETURN TO YOUR BREATH. NOTE WHATEVER EMERGES AND LET IT GO. GOAL OF MINDFULNESS: ACCEPTANCE TO TAKE WHAT IS OFFERED UNDEFENDED EXPOSURE VS AVOIDANCE ALL IS AS IT SHOULD BE LET GO OF CONTROL BE PRESENT IN THE PRESENT BE AWARE OF EMOTIONAL PROGRAMMING AND THOUGHT CAGES STAGES OF GRIEF PROCESS: OBSERVE/SURRENDER/RESPOND 2

3 COMPARISON OF CONVENTIONAL AND MINDFUL APPROACHES CONTENT FOCUSED CHANGE ORIENTED PAST/FUTURE FOCUS LANGUAGE BASED REFLECTING CONFLICTED SELF LIFE AS PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED PROCESS FOCUSED ACCCEPTANCE ORIENTED PRESENT FOCUS EXPERIENCE BASED OBSERVING BASIC GOODNESS LIFE AS MYSTERY TO BE LIVED MINDFUL GOAL OF TREATMENT To study Buddhism is to study the self. To study the self is to forget the self. To forget the self is to be one with others. Zen Master Dogen BEGIN WITH YOURSELF: PHYSICIAN, HEAL THYSELF LEARN TO BE PRESENT DEEPEN WARMTH, UNDERSTANDING, AND ACCEPTANCE SELF IMAGE AS THERAPIST POSSIBLE USES OF MINDFULNESS PRINCIPLES OF MINDFUL TRANSFORMATION (RAIN) (FOUR Es) 1) RECOGNIZE ENCOUNTER WITH OPENNESS 2) ACCEPT EMBRACE WITH LOVE 3) INVESTIGATE EXPLORE WITH CURIOSITY 4) NON IDENTIFY EXPERIENCE DEEPLY BEFRIENDING FEAR LIFETIME PREVALENCE: 24.9 PERCENT SENSITIVITY TO DANGER FROZEN BY WORRY BRAIN ON HIGH ALERT TURN DOWN THE VOLUME EXERCISE: BODY SCAN MEDITATION FINDING LIFE IN DEPRESSION LIFETIME PREVALENCE: 19.3 PERCENT SENSITIVITY TO LOSS TRAPPED IN WITHDRAWAL AND BROODING BECOME OBSERVER OF WATERFALL EXERCISE: LOVING KINDNESS 3

4 PREVALENCE: MANY FORMS TAMING ANGER SENSITIVITY TO BEING WRONGED CAUGHT IN THE CHAINS OF REACTING ANGER IS LIKE A HOWLING BABY EXERCISE: REMAINING LIKE A LONG When the urge arises in the mind To feelings of desire or wrathful hate, Do not act! Be silent, do not speak! And like a log of wood be sure to stay. BREAKING THE BONDS OF ADDICTION LIFETIME PREVALENCE: 26.6 PERCENT ADDICTION AS DISEASE OF THE MIND ADDICTIVE PERSONALITY: THE BIG EGO 12 STEPS: FROM SELF CENTERED TO GOD CENTERED Grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the courage to change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the difference. EXERCISE: TONGLEN 4

5 MANY FACES OF ADDICTION A NEW LOOK AT ADDICTION THROUGH THE EYES OF FREUD AND BUDDHA Addiction as a disease of the mind A mindful approach to recovery 1) CHEMICAL DEPENDENCIES More biological 2) COMPULSIVE BEHAVIORS More learned behavior, habit 3) OBSESSIVE THOUGHTS AND MOODS More temperamental ADDICTION AS A DISEASE OF THE MIND ADDICTION=DICTATOR WAY OF AVOIDANCE LOSS OF FREEDOM LIVING IN DELUSION DISTORTION OF POWER SOME SYMPTOMS ADDICTIVE PROCESS GROWING SELF CONSCIOUSNESS EXPERIENCE DEPRIVATION OF NEEDS FIND ALTERNATIVE COMPENSATIONS DEVELOP EMOTIONAL PROGRAMS FOR HAPPINESS FALSE SELF EMERGES CULTURE REINFORCES: I want it all, and I want it now. ASSUMPTIONS OF THE ADDICTIVE MIND 1) I am basically a bad, unworthy person. 2) No one would love me as I am. 3) My needs are never going to be met if I have to depend on others. 4) My drug is my most important need, my way to take care of myself. 5) I cannot survive or be happy without my drug. 6) I am bad because my drug is my most important need. THE ADDICTIVE PERSONALITY 1) SELF/OTHER: self centered, desiring immediate gratification vs other centered way of love 2) PLEASURE/PAIN: preoccupied with seeking pleasure and avoiding pain vs pursuit of meaning and value 3) ACTIVE/PASSIVE: seek quick, easy fix vs way of effort and delayed gratification THE HUNGRY GHOST 1

6 SELF MEDICATION HYPOTHESIS FOR RELIEF OF SUFFERING (EGO), NOT PLEASURE SEEKING (ID) PURPOSEFUL DRUG CHOICE: Stimulants to relieve depression Narcotics to relieve anger Tranquilizers to relieve anxiety Explore the meaning of the drug use, compulsive behavior, and obsessive thoughts/moods DUAL DIAGNOSIS REVISITED SEPARATE DIAGNOSES PREVALENCE SEPARATE TREATMENT APPROACHES PING PONG THERAPY NEED FOR INTEGRATED APPROACH: THERAPY ADJUSTMENTS TREAT THE WHOLE PERSON NOW: NOT TWO/NOT ONE BOTH ARISE FROM AND CAUSE SUFFERING RECOVERY OF THE TRUE SELF: WAY OF SURRENDER Less and less do you need to force things, until finally you arrive at non action. When nothing is done, nothing is left undone. True mastery can be gained by letting things go their own way. It can t be gained by interfering. Tao Te Ching 48 EXERCISE: TONGLEN ADDRESS DEFICITS IN AFFECT REGULATION PROBLEM: OVERWHELMED OR SHUT DOWN USE THE RAIN PRINCIPLE: 1) Recognize 2) Accept 3) Investigate 4) Non identify EXAMPLE: TAMING ANGER, our sorrow bearing enemy. When the urge arises in the mind To feelings of desire or wrathful hate. Do not act! Be silent, do not speak! And like a log of wood be sure to stay. Way of the Bodhisattva ADDRESS DEFICITS IN SELF CARE PROBLEM: SELF DESTRUCTIVE, UNAWARE OF NEEDS, SENSE OF POWERLESSNESS MINDFULNESS PRACTICE AS ANTIDOTE BECOME AN OBSERVER OF YOURSELF RECOGNIZE YOUR ADDICTIVE AND WISE MINDS SET REALISTIC BOUNDARIES KNOW YOUR LIFE STORY ASK YOURSELF THE CRITICAL QUESTIONS THE TWELVE STEPS REVISITED SPIRITUALITY FOR OUR TIME EMBODYING WISDOM OF FREUD AND BUDDHA WAY OF GROWING UP JOURNEY FROM SELF CENTERED TO GOD CENTERED LIFE DISCOVERING TRUE SELF AND YIELDING FALSE SELF BECOMING INTIMATE WITH YOURSELF AND OTHERS Be content with what you have, rejoice in the way things are. When you realize there is nothing lacking, the whole world belongs to you. Tao Te Ching 44 2

7 MANY FACES OF ADDICTION A NEW LOOK AT ADDICTION THROUGH THE EYES OF FREUD AND BUDDHA Addiction as a disease of the mind A mindful approach to recovery 1) CHEMICAL DEPENDENCIES More biological 2) COMPULSIVE BEHAVIORS More learned behavior, habit 3) OBSESSIVE THOUGHTS AND MOODS More temperamental ADDICTION AS A DISEASE OF THE MIND ADDICTION=DICTATOR WAY OF AVOIDANCE LOSS OF FREEDOM LIVING IN DELUSION DISTORTION OF POWER SOME SYMPTOMS ADDICTIVE PROCESS GROWING SELF CONSCIOUSNESS EXPERIENCE DEPRIVATION OF NEEDS FIND ALTERNATIVE COMPENSATIONS DEVELOP EMOTIONAL PROGRAMS FOR HAPPINESS FALSE SELF EMERGES CULTURE REINFORCES: I want it all, and I want it now. ASSUMPTIONS OF THE ADDICTIVE MIND 1) I am basically a bad, unworthy person. 2) No one would love me as I am. 3) My needs are never going to be met if I have to depend on others. 4) My drug is my most important need, my way to take care of myself. 5) I cannot survive or be happy without my drug. 6) I am bad because my drug is my most important need. THE ADDICTIVE PERSONALITY 1) SELF/OTHER: self centered, desiring immediate gratification vs other centered way of love 2) PLEASURE/PAIN: preoccupied with seeking pleasure and avoiding pain vs pursuit of meaning and value 3) ACTIVE/PASSIVE: seek quick, easy fix vs way of effort and delayed gratification THE HUNGRY GHOST 1

8 SELF MEDICATION HYPOTHESIS FOR RELIEF OF SUFFERING (EGO), NOT PLEASURE SEEKING (ID) PURPOSEFUL DRUG CHOICE: Stimulants to relieve depression Narcotics to relieve anger Tranquilizers to relieve anxiety Explore the meaning of the drug use, compulsive behavior, and obsessive thoughts/moods DUAL DIAGNOSIS REVISITED SEPARATE DIAGNOSES PREVALENCE SEPARATE TREATMENT APPROACHES PING PONG THERAPY NEED FOR INTEGRATED APPROACH: THERAPY ADJUSTMENTS TREAT THE WHOLE PERSON NOW: NOT TWO/NOT ONE BOTH ARISE FROM AND CAUSE SUFFERING RECOVERY OF THE TRUE SELF: WAY OF SURRENDER Less and less do you need to force things, until finally you arrive at non action. When nothing is done, nothing is left undone. True mastery can be gained by letting things go their own way. It can t be gained by interfering. Tao Te Ching 48 EXERCISE: TONGLEN ADDRESS DEFICITS IN AFFECT REGULATION PROBLEM: OVERWHELMED OR SHUT DOWN USE THE RAIN PRINCIPLE: 1) Recognize 2) Accept 3) Investigate 4) Non identify EXAMPLE: TAMING ANGER, our sorrow bearing enemy. When the urge arises in the mind To feelings of desire or wrathful hate. Do not act! Be silent, do not speak! And like a log of wood be sure to stay. Way of the Bodhisattva ADDRESS DEFICITS IN SELF CARE PROBLEM: SELF DESTRUCTIVE, UNAWARE OF NEEDS, SENSE OF POWERLESSNESS MINDFULNESS PRACTICE AS ANTIDOTE BECOME AN OBSERVER OF YOURSELF RECOGNIZE YOUR ADDICTIVE AND WISE MINDS SET REALISTIC BOUNDARIES KNOW YOUR LIFE STORY ASK YOURSELF THE CRITICAL QUESTIONS THE TWELVE STEPS REVISITED SPIRITUALITY FOR OUR TIME EMBODYING WISDOM OF FREUD AND BUDDHA WAY OF GROWING UP JOURNEY FROM SELF CENTERED TO GOD CENTERED LIFE DISCOVERING TRUE SELF AND YIELDING FALSE SELF BECOMING INTIMATE WITH YOURSELF AND OTHERS Be content with what you have, rejoice in the way things are. When you realize there is nothing lacking, the whole world belongs to you. Tao Te Ching 44 2