2/27/2011 MODULE - WHO AM I? WHO ARE YOU? HOW TO NAVIGATE TUTORIAL DEFINING WORLDVIEW. How we interpret the world

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1 MODULE - WHO AM I? WHO ARE YOU? Lesson 4 - Oh baby, baby it s a wide world! HOW TO NAVIGATE TUTORIAL 1. Click on hyperlinks within each slide first. 2. Click on to move to the next slide. 3. Click on to move to the previous slide. 4. Click on the icon to return to the index. DEFINING WORLDVIEW How we interpret the world individual experiences cultural experiences Beliefs Values Attitudes 1

2 Attitudes Values Assumptions Make Decisions Behave Define events [click] LESSON 4 OH BABY, BABY IT S A WIDE WORLD! Emic and Etic perspectives Individualism and Collectivism Other Worldview Models Value Orientation Model Worldview Model Worldview by Gender and Sexual Orientation References EMIC AND ETIC PERSPECTIVES 2

3 EMIC AND ETIC PERSPECTIVES Emic Culturally specific Etic Culturally universal Cultural differences Shared commonalities Ajase / Oedipus Complex Self-reliance definition Gender / Safety Uganda story Delayed Gratification OBJECTIVE #11 Discuss individualism and collectivism as defined by Triandis DO YOU AGREE 1. One should live one s life independently of others. 2. It is important to me that I do better than others do it. 3. My happiness depends very much on the happiness of those around me. 4. I would sacrifice an activity that I enjoy very much if my family did not approve of it [click] 3

4 A COMPARISON Individualism Collectivism INDIVIDUALISM (TRIANDIS) Loosely linked individuals Motivated by own preferences and needs Priority on own goals over others goals Rational analysis of advantages and disadvantages of associating with others COLLECTIVISM (TRIANDIS) Closely linked individuals Interconnected by groups (e.g. family, job) Motivated by norms and rules of these groups Priority to goals of these groups over own goals Emphasize connectedness to these groups 4

5 OBJECTIVE #12 Distinguish the primary emotions and mechanisms which drive individualism and collectivism, including the influence of saving face and giving face GUILT VS. SHAME Guilt A prominent negative emotion in individualistic cultures that involves an individual s sense of personal regret Used as a fundamental way of punishment for violations of cultural expectation Shame A prominent negative emotion in collectivistic cultures that involves an individual s sense of regret that reflects badly upon his/her family and upbringing Used in the Asian culture as a motivating emotion PRINCIPLES OF COLLECTIVISM (EAST ASIAN) Ajase tiu lien Saving Face Giving Face Enryo 5

6 OBJECTIVE #14 Break down the dimensions of Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck s Value Orientation and Sue s Worldview Model VALUE-ORIENTATION MODEL OF WORLDVIEWS One of the most useful frameworks for understanding differences among individuals and groups is the Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck model (1961). Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck clearly recognize that racial/ethnic groups vary in how they perceive time, activity, relationship with others, nature of people, and how people relate to nature. VALUE ORIENTATION MODEL Time Focus Past Present - Future Human Activity Being Being & Becoming - Doing Social Relations Lineal Collateral - Individualistic People / Nature Subjugation Harmony - Mastery 6

COMPARISON OF VALUE ORIENTATION BY CULTURE (TABLE 3.2, P. 77) WORLDVIEW MODEL Locus of Responsibility IC-IR I control my own fate and if I fail, it s because I didn t try hard enough.

7 COMPARISON OF VALUE ORIENTATION BY CULTURE (TABLE 3.2, P. 77) WORLDVIEW MODEL Locus of Responsibility IC-IR I control my own fate and if I fail, it s because I didn t try hard enough. EC-IR I can t change what happens to me, but I should. My fault - not system s. Locus of Control IC-ER I can control events in my life, but there are systemic barriers in my way. EC-ER I recognize systemic barriers, but there s nothing I can do. Helplessness. OBJECTIVE #15 Contrast worldviews by gender and sexual orientation 7

8 WORLDVIEW OF WOMEN How is women s worldview shaped? Sexism Societal expectations Safety Sexual harassment Abuse by known perpetrators Mental health issues Eating disorders, depression, etc. GLBT WORLDVIEW Worldview is shaped by Heterosexism / Sexism Fear and danger Lack of feeling safe Viewed from only their sexual orientation / identity Not knowing if they will be accepted REFERENCES Cross, N. (n.d.). Differences in Worldviews [PowerPoint]. Retrieved September 27, 2009 from Forshay, L. (n.d.). Deaf Culture Part 2: Social Rules and Communication Patterns [PDF document]. Retrieved September 27, 2009 from df. Lease, S. (n.d.). Worldviews in Counseling [PowerPoint]. Retrieved September 28, 2009 from Mio, J.S., Barker, L., & Tumambing, J. (2009). Multicultural Psychology: Understanding Our Diverse Communities (2 nd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Siple, L., Greer, L., and Holcomb, B. (2004). Deaf Culture. Retrieved September 27, 2009 from 8

Module Who am I? Who are you? Lesson 4 Tutorial

Module Who am I? Who are you? Lesson 4 Tutorial Slide - Defining Worldview How we interpret the world individual experiences cultural experiences Beliefs Values Attitudes Slide Table of Contents Emic and Etic perspectives Individualism and Collectivism