Applications of the NSF Portfolio Explorer: A Topic Model Approach to Portfolio Assessment

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1 Applications of the NSF Portfolio Explorer: A Topic Model Approach to Portfolio Assessment L E A H G. N I C H O L S, P H D A A A S S C I E N C E A N D T E C H N O L O G Y P O L I C Y F E L L O W D I R E C T O R A T E F O R S O C I A L, B E H A V I O R A L, A N D E C O N O M I C S C I E N C E S N A T I O N A L S C I E N C E F O U N D A T I O N S cis I P P R I N C I P A L I N V E S T I G A T O R S C O N F E R E N C E W A S H I N G T O N, D C S E P T E M B E R ,

2 Overview Introduction: Portfolio Assessment NSF Portfolio Explorer & Topic Model Assessments: Cognitive and Neuroscience at the NSF Map of the Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences Conclusions

3 Purposes of Portfolio Assessment Planning Content Trends Diversity Interactions National needs What science is needed to meet grand challenges? Gap analysis What science is missing? Emerging hot topics What new science needs support? Interdisciplinary What collaborations can be leveraged? Evaluation Does the portfolio meet goals? Strengths and weaknesses?

4 Methods for Portfolio Assessment Program reference codes Retroactive analysis not possible Sample portfolio & read abstracts Labor and time intensive Start with relevant programs & read abstracts Labor and time intensive Difficult to find relevant research in unexpected places Program officer perspectives

5 NSF Portfolio Explorer (I) Suite of Tools under construction! Portfolio Viewer: Topic model + Award data Expertise Locator: Topic model + PI data Patent Viewer: Award data + Patent data Map Viewer: Award data + Geographic data

6 NSF Portfolio Explorer (II) Topic model of the NSF portfolio Created by Dave Newman (UC Irvine) Statistical text mining algorithm Identified / learns a set of 1000 latent topics Modeled using the titles and project descriptions of all NSF proposals submitted between Each award is tagged with up to 4 topics API database Connects the topic model with the existing NSF databases

7 What is a topic? (Top topics in BCS)

8 Assessing Cognitive and Neuroscience at the NSF

9 Task How much cognitive and neuroscience research is being funded by the NSF? What kinds of cognitive and neuroscience research is being funded? Which programs are funding this research? What new opportunities for research can be identified?

10 Methods Identify set of relevant awards (Portfolio Explorer) 1. Identify selector topics (~30 topics) 2. Pull all awards tagged with at least 1 selector topic 3. Export to Excel 4. Clean award set (remove false positives) Build co-occurrence network diagram (Excel, Sci 2 Tools) 1. Identify topics of interest/relevance (remove the rest) 2. Import data into Sci 2 Tools, build network & identify network communities Examine directorate contributions for awards within each topic community

11 Sample Topic Selectors Neuroscience Cognitive Science Neurology Stimulus and Response FMRI Human Vision EEG Memory Sleep Speech Linguistics/grammar Language Ion Channels Hippocampus Synaptic Plasticity Muscles Fear Conditioning Human Motion Vision and Perception Manipulation Hearing Hormones Neurite Outgrowth / Regeneration Electrophysiology

12 Cognitive and Neuroscience at the NSF ( ) Measuring & Modeling Cognition Environmental Interactions, Behavior & the Nervous System Higher Order Cognition Language & Meaning Linguistics Language Speech Cognitive Science Human Motion Computer Vision Olfactory System fmri Stimulus & Response Neuroscience Human Vision Vision & Perception Hormones Neuroscience Electrophysiology Neurite Outgrowth Mutation Neural Development & Signaling Mechanisms 2885 Awards Number of Awards Number of Co-occurrences Neural Circuits & Systems Perception & Action in Nature & Machines

13 Directorate Contributions ( ) 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Measuring and Modeling Cognition Complex Cognition Language and Meaning Perception and Action in Nature and Machines Neural Circuits and Systems Environmental Interactions, Behavior, and the Nervous System Neural Development and Signaling Mechanims BIO CISE SBE EHR ENG GEO MPS O/D

14 Mapping the Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Science

15 Task What topic terrain does the BCS portfolio cover? How do BCS programs relate to each other?

16 Methods Pull all awards managed by BCS from (Portfolio Explorer); export to Excel Import data into Sci 2 Tools; construct co-occurrence networks & identify network communities In Sci 2 Tools, identify program funding the majority of awards per topic/node

17 Division of Behavior and Cognitive Sciences ( ) Biological Anthropology Cranial Morphology Diet & Nutrition Human Fossils Archaeology & Spatial Sciences 1720 Awards Social Behavior Primates Archaeology/ Ceramics Archaeology/Artifacts Language, Learning, & Cognition fmri Human Vision Language Early Childhood Devel. Speech Stimulus & Response Obesity Social Constructionism Linguistics/ Spoken Linguistics/ Grammar Early Childhood Attitudes & Stereotypes Psychology/Emotion Social Movements Gender/ Sexuality Anthropology Land Use Disaster Response Rural Climate Change Communities Science & Technology Archaeology/Excavation Social Networks Paleoclimate Anthropology & Geography Number of Awards Number of Co-occurrences Social Psychology Tools Geographic Information Systems Created by: Stephen Ross & Leah Nichols

18 Division of Behavior and Cognitive Sciences ( ) 1720 Awards Biological Anthropology Cranial Morphology Diet & Nutrition Human Fossils Archaeology Social Behavior Primates Linguistics Archaeology/ Ceramics Social Movements Archaeology/Artifacts Archaeology/Excavation fmri Human Vision Perception, Action, Cognition Cognitive Neuroscience Number of Awards Number of Co-occurrences Language Early Childhood Devel. Speech Stimulus & Response Obesity Social Constructionism Linguistics/ Spoken Linguistics/ Grammar Early Childhood Attitudes & Stereotypes Psychology/Emotion Gender/ Sexuality Anthropology Land Use Disaster Response Rural Climate Change Communities Science & Technology Developmental & Learning Sciences Social Psychology Social Networks Geographic Information Systems Paleoclimate Cultural Anthropology Geography & Spatial Sciences Created by: Stephen Ross & Leah Nichols

19 Conclusions: Topic Model Approach Allows for a content-based characterization of funding portfolios Circumvents reliance on institutional structure Allows for rapid assessment of very large portfolios Allows for retroactive assessment Needs additional validation work (topics = meaning?) and experimentation

20 Acknowledgements Dave Newman, University of California, Irvine Science of Science (Sci 2 ) Tool. Indiana University and SciTech Strategies, Julia Lane, David Croson, & Susan Winter Science of Science and Innovation Policy (SciSIP) Program Stephen Ross BCS Map Amber Story, Myron Gutmann, Mark Weiss, Ken Whang, Dianne Witt, and many others at the NSF

21 Thank you! QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS:

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