Non-Experimental Approaches to Research
|
|
- Archibald Holland
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Non-Experimental Approaches to Research Why is this Important? The classic true experiment is one where the experimenter has control over all aspects of the situation. Groups of appropriately selected subjects are assigned at random to experimental conditions. Sometimes this isn't possible. Can we put you in such conditions? Let's say you wanted to test memory after some traumatic event. How about the details of what occurred during a nuclear reactor mishap in your community? In a True Experiment - we would select subjects at random and then randomly assign them to a control group (live in a calm environment - Group 1) or an experimental group (we arrange you to live next to a nuclear incident). Consider our illustrations. Would this work? Here are the conditions. Group 1 is the control group. We wish to thank the Physics Department for helping in producing the conditions for Group 2.
2 Now what would our subjects think about this? I bet this wouldn't work. It is obvious we can't put people in situations that are dangerous. It is also obvious that we cannot always manipulate all the IVs. What are you going to do? Let's see some solutions! QUASI-EXPERIMENTS Quasi-experimental designs do NOT allow the researcher to control the assignment of subjects to conditions! Factorial Designs with One Nonmanipulated Variable Another example, might be a study of gender issues - you can't make someone a male or female for purposes of the study. In our study, above, the EXPLOSION vs. Control would be the nonmanipulated variable as we would test accident survivors vs. a suitable matched control group. " Time Series and Interrupted Time Series The researcher makes several observations of behavior over time prior to and then immediately after introduction of an IV. The basic idea is: Observation1 O2 O3 O4 X(treatment) O5 O6 O7 O8 This is the classic design from Cook and Campbell. NUANCES YOU NEED TO ESTABLISH A STABLE BASELINE BEFORE THE TREATMENT IS INTRODUCED. AN INTERRUPTED TIME SERIES IS SOMETIMES DEFINED AS HAVING A TREATMENT WHICH IS A NATURAL EVENT AS COMPARED TO ONE INTRODUCED BY THE EXPERIMENTER.
3 Here's an example from a study analyzing the effect of a new gun law on crime. Note the base rate for several years before the law took effect and the decrease in crime after its passage. # Multiple Time Series This design is used to attempt to rule out possible alternative interpretations. Maybe in Lott and Mustard's study, some other event decreased crime. You might then compare their location against an area that did not pass the same law. The results might look like the smaller graph above. The control group doesn't show the change across time. SINGLE SUBJECT DESIGNS! Advantages and Disadvantages Observation of a single subject has a noble tradition in Psychology. Some of our most basic principles in areas of Perception and memory were discovered using it. It is still an incredibly useful technique in these fields. It is also a mainstay of research in Clinical Psychology where one focuses on the progress of a client. One major advantage is the focus on individual performance. A classic example is in the field of learning. If you plotted correct performance on a memory task for a group of subjects, one might conclude that learning is a gradual process. Or is it because a grouped graph sums over a number of subjects learning the item in an all or none fashion but over different trials. Look for this conundrum in the graphic below. Another advantage related to clinical work is that you don't leave individuals untreated in control groups. Single subject designs also allow flexibility in design. If a treatment is not working - it is easy to change. What are some of the disadvantages? : Some effects are small and can't really be seen in one subject.
4 Sometimes you can't try out different variables on the same subject and you must use between-subject designs. Correct Responses Grouped Data Learning Curve An Individual's Learning Curve " Techniques commonly used are: Time Series Interrupted Time Series Multiple Time Series Useful techniques of testing include: Withdrawal of Treatment Designs (ABA - baseline, treatment, withdraw treatment) ABAB - as above but with treatment resumed after withdrawal Interaction Designs A-B-A-B--BC-B-BC. The purpose is to see if C has an effect in addition to B. NATURALISTIC OBSERVATION Observation is our most primitive form of learning but sometimes it can be quite elegant. Let's take a look! Do men and women carry their books differently (in their arms or by their sides)? Why can't you just look out the window at campus (Jenni & Jenni, 1976, Science)?! Concerns
5 Reactive Behavior - Do the observed act differently? Selective Perception - Do the observers see what they want to see? Data Analysis - Do you need a behavioral taxonomy to describe all the behaviors you need to record? " Participant or Nonparticipant You can't really dress up as a fire hydrant and stand outside of church to observe the behavior of churchgoers. Do you have to join the church? Then, do you become part of the process and influence it? However, we do recommend this procedure for observing canine behavior. META-ANALYSIS! Combines effect sizes or significance testings from many different studies " Based usually on translating study results into a comparative z-score mode # Concerns are: You may be combining studies of unequal quality The studies used different and perhaps not comparable methods Not all relevant studies give you the relevant statistics or information Studies that had negative results may be in the trash or file drawer somewhere and never published. SURVEY METHODS (see Workshop #16) Bottom Line The reason you use a true experimental design is that you want to have the best chance you can to determine causality. But sometimes you can't conduct a true experiment. This doesn't mean that no research or useful information can be gathered. Several techniques exist that are useful, such as: % Quasi-experimental designs % Time Series % Single Subject Designs % Survey Research % Meta-analysis These techniques do not involve direct manipulation of all postulate causal factors and this must give you caution as you report your conclusions or recommend policy decisions. However, used judiciously they are useful and can sometimes suggestion true experimental designs.
Research Methods. Donald H. McBurney. State University of New York Upstate Medical University Le Moyne College
Research Methods S I X T H E D I T I O N Donald H. McBurney University of Pittsburgh Theresa L. White State University of New York Upstate Medical University Le Moyne College THOMSON WADSWORTH Australia
More informationQuasi-Experimental and Single Case Experimental Designs. Experimental Designs vs. Quasi-Experimental Designs
1 Quasi-Experimental and Single Case Experimental Designs RCS 6740 6/30/04 Experimental Designs vs. Quasi-Experimental Designs Experimental Designs include: Random Assignment of Participants to groups
More information9 research designs likely for PSYC 2100
9 research designs likely for PSYC 2100 1) 1 factor, 2 levels, 1 group (one group gets both treatment levels) related samples t-test (compare means of 2 levels only) 2) 1 factor, 2 levels, 2 groups (one
More informationPROSTATE CANCER SCREENING SHARED DECISION MAKING VIDEO
PROSTATE CANCER SCREENING SHARED DECISION MAKING VIDEO 1 00:00:00,067 --> 00:00:10,968 2 00:00:10,968 --> 00:00:12,701 So, you were given a decision aid sheet 3 00:00:12,701 --> 00:00:14,567 about prostate
More informationChapter 10 Quasi-Experimental and Single-Case Designs
Chapter 10 Quasi-Experimental and Single-Case Designs (Reminder: Don t forget to utilize the concept maps and study questions as you study this and the other chapters.) The experimental research designs
More informationt-test for r Copyright 2000 Tom Malloy. All rights reserved
t-test for r Copyright 2000 Tom Malloy. All rights reserved This is the text of the in-class lecture which accompanied the Authorware visual graphics on this topic. You may print this text out and use
More informationS.A.F.E.T.Y. TM Profile for Joe Bloggs. Joe Bloggs. Apr / 13
Joe Bloggs Apr 14 2016 1 / 13 About the Academy of Brain-based Leadership (ABL) At ABL we consolidate world-leading, thinking, education & products to facilitate change. Serving as a translator, we evaluate
More informationStatistical Techniques. Masoud Mansoury and Anas Abulfaraj
Statistical Techniques Masoud Mansoury and Anas Abulfaraj What is Statistics? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lmmzj7599pw The definition of Statistics The practice or science of collecting and analyzing
More informationAbout Depression, 2018/08/11 How do I comfort my friend with depression?
You ask: Hi Anonymous! How do I comfort my friend with depression if whenever she speaks about it, it has to do with getting excuses to get out of things in class or to get attention from other people
More informationINTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY SUMMARY 1 ABDULLAH ALZIBDEH Introduction In this lecture, we discuss the definitions of psychology and behavior. We also discuss the approaches in psychology and the scientific
More informationWhat is program evaluation?
What is program evaluation? This is the sixth in a set of handouts on the key program evaluation questions. This is about whether programs caused outcomes. Did the program have an effect? How do you know
More informationMeeting someone with disabilities etiquette
Meeting someone with disabilities etiquette Many people unsure how to go about meeting someone with a disability because they don t want to say or do the wrong thing. Here are a few tips to keep in mind
More informationLesson 9: Two Factor ANOVAS
Published on Agron 513 (https://courses.agron.iastate.edu/agron513) Home > Lesson 9 Lesson 9: Two Factor ANOVAS Developed by: Ron Mowers, Marin Harbur, and Ken Moore Completion Time: 1 week Introduction
More informationYou can use this app to build a causal Bayesian network and experiment with inferences. We hope you ll find it interesting and helpful.
icausalbayes USER MANUAL INTRODUCTION You can use this app to build a causal Bayesian network and experiment with inferences. We hope you ll find it interesting and helpful. We expect most of our users
More informationC-1: Variables which are measured on a continuous scale are described in terms of three key characteristics central tendency, variability, and shape.
MODULE 02: DESCRIBING DT SECTION C: KEY POINTS C-1: Variables which are measured on a continuous scale are described in terms of three key characteristics central tendency, variability, and shape. C-2:
More informationMULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION 24.1 INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES
24 MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION 24.1 INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES In the previous chapter, simple linear regression was used when you have one independent variable and one dependent variable. This chapter
More informationDesigns. February 17, 2010 Pedro Wolf
Designs February 17, 2010 Pedro Wolf Today Sampling Correlational Design Experimental Designs Quasi-experimental Design Mixed Designs Multifactioral Design Sampling Overview Sample- A subset of a population
More informationExpert Strategies for Working with Anxiety
Expert Strategies for Working with Anxiety Bonus 1 - Transcript - pg. 1 Expert Strategies for Working with Anxiety An EMDR Approach for Healing Generalized Anxiety Disorder with Laurel Parnell, PhD; Rick
More informationAP Psych - Stat 1 Name Period Date. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
AP Psych - Stat 1 Name Period Date MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) In a set of incomes in which most people are in the $15,000
More informationLesson 11.1: The Alpha Value
Hypothesis Testing Lesson 11.1: The Alpha Value The alpha value is the degree of risk we are willing to take when making a decision. The alpha value, often abbreviated using the Greek letter α, is sometimes
More informationAP Psych - Stat 2 Name Period Date. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
AP Psych - Stat 2 Name Period Date MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) In a set of incomes in which most people are in the $15,000
More informationConfounds: Threats to Validity. Why Are They Important?
Confounds: Threats to Validity Why Are They Important? Previously, we asked whether you would recommend that car magazine (Auto Tester Weakly) to a friend. We concluded that its recommendations were not
More informationAP Psychology -- Chapter 02 Review Research Methods in Psychology
AP Psychology -- Chapter 02 Review Research Methods in Psychology 1. In the opening vignette, to what was Alicia's condition linked? The death of her parents and only brother 2. What did Pennebaker s study
More informationLecture 4: Research Approaches
Lecture 4: Research Approaches Lecture Objectives Theories in research Research design approaches ú Experimental vs. non-experimental ú Cross-sectional and longitudinal ú Descriptive approaches How to
More information20. Experiments. November 7,
20. Experiments November 7, 2015 1 Experiments are motivated by our desire to know causation combined with the fact that we typically only have correlations. The cause of a correlation may be the two variables
More informationMULTIFACTOR DESIGNS Page Factorial experiments are more desirable because the researcher can investigate
MULTIFACTOR DESIGNS Page 1 I. Factorial Designs 1. Factorial experiments are more desirable because the researcher can investigate simultaneously two or more variables and can also determine whether there
More informationYou can use this app to build a causal Bayesian network and experiment with inferences. We hope you ll find it interesting and helpful.
icausalbayes USER MANUAL INTRODUCTION You can use this app to build a causal Bayesian network and experiment with inferences. We hope you ll find it interesting and helpful. We expect most of our users
More informationchapter thirteen QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL AND SINGLE-CASE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS
chapter thirteen QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL AND SINGLE-CASE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS In the educational world, the environment or situation you find yourself in can be dynamic. You need look no further than within
More informationVERMONT SUICIDE PREVENTION & INTERVENTION PROTOCOLS FOR PRIMARY CARE PROFESSIONALS
VERMONT SUICIDE PREVENTION & INTERVENTION PROTOCOLS FOR PRIMARY CARE PROFESSIONALS CONTEXT & RESOURCES RESPONDING TO A THREAT OF SUICIDE: IN PERSON RESPONDING TO A THREAT OF SUICIDE: REMOTELY RESPONDING
More informationRegression Discontinuity Analysis
Regression Discontinuity Analysis A researcher wants to determine whether tutoring underachieving middle school students improves their math grades. Another wonders whether providing financial aid to low-income
More informationDoes xanax help stop crying
Does xanax help stop crying 22-1-2018 Xanax and Crying - from FDA reports.. Is this likely to stop like all of the other symptoms did or am. She said Xanax would help me sleep to all my. 15-7-2008 i was
More informationATLAS OF CHINESE TONGUE DIAGNOSIS (2ND EDITION) BY BARBARA KIRSCHBAUM
ATLAS OF CHINESE TONGUE DIAGNOSIS (2ND EDITION) BY BARBARA KIRSCHBAUM DOWNLOAD EBOOK : ATLAS OF CHINESE TONGUE DIAGNOSIS (2ND EDITION) Click link bellow and free register to download ebook: ATLAS OF CHINESE
More informationThe Scientific Method. Philosophy of Science. Philosophy of Science. Epistemology: the philosophy of knowledge
The Scientific Method Philosophy of Science Epistemology: the philosophy of knowledge Methodology: the specific approach we use to try to understand our world Philosophy of Science Positivism: the goal
More informationCHAPTER 1 Understanding Social Behavior
CHAPTER 1 Understanding Social Behavior CHAPTER OVERVIEW Chapter 1 introduces you to the field of social psychology. The Chapter begins with a definition of social psychology and a discussion of how social
More informationOccupational therapy after stroke
Call the Stroke Helpline: 0303 3033 100 or email: info@stroke.org.uk Occupational therapy after stroke This guide explains how occupational therapy can help your recovery and rehabilitation after a stroke.
More informationGCSE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 2 FURTHER RESEARCH METHODS
GCSE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 2 FURTHER RESEARCH METHODS GCSE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 2 SURVEYS SURVEYS SURVEY = is a method used for collecting information from a large number of people by asking them questions, either
More informationQUASI EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
UNIT 3 QUASI EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Factorial Design Structure 3. Introduction 3.1 Objectives 3.2 Meaning of Quasi Experimental Design 3.3 Difference Between Quasi Experimental Design and True Experimental
More informationModel of Human Occupation
Model of Human Occupation Archived List Serv Discussion MOHO Interviews as outcome measures? Date: Fri, December 8, 2006 10:01 am Hi I would be interested to hear people's views on whether it is valid
More informationUsing SPSS for Correlation
Using SPSS for Correlation This tutorial will show you how to use SPSS version 12.0 to perform bivariate correlations. You will use SPSS to calculate Pearson's r. This tutorial assumes that you have: Downloaded
More informationModule #1 Manual. This manual is designed to be a quick reference for you to follow when you are away from the membership area.
Module #1 Manual One thing you will notice with this curriculum is that it contains a lot of information for you to digest. The goal is to put you on a path that will allow you to get the most out of Mind
More informationChapter 11: Experiments and Observational Studies p 318
Chapter 11: Experiments and Observational Studies p 318 Observation vs Experiment An observational study observes individuals and measures variables of interest but does not attempt to influence the response.
More informationThe Current Research on Stretching and Flexibility is Flawed!
Transcript from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qz0ot7tbbg0 Original Article: http://stretchcoach.com/articles/proper-stretching/ The Current Research on Stretching and Flexibility is Flawed! Hi. I'm
More informationWhat are the Crucible 4 Points of Balance?
Holding on to yourself in relationships What are the Crucible 4 Points of Balance? One of the most important things in life is becoming a solid individual. And another important thing is to have meaningful
More informationDesigning Experiments... Or how many times and ways can I screw that up?!?
www.geo.uzh.ch/microsite/icacogvis/ Designing Experiments... Or how many times and ways can I screw that up?!? Amy L. Griffin AutoCarto 2012, Columbus, OH Outline When do I need to run an experiment and
More informationThe scientific discovery that changed our perception of anxiety
The scientific discovery that changed our perception of anxiety For many years I have suffered with a very severe form of OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder), anxiety, and clinical depression. I had no
More informationINTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY. Radwan Banimustafa
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY Radwan Banimustafa At the end of this Chapter you should be able to: Understand the scope of psychology Different perspectives in psychology The scientific research method in
More informationEXPERIMENTAL METHODS 1/15/18. Experimental Designs. Experiments Uncover Causation. Experiments examining behavior in a lab setting
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS Experimental Designs Experiments examining behavior in a lab setting Controlled lab setting separates experiments from non-experiments Allows experimenter to know exactly what s causing
More information"Sesame Street" welcomes new character with autism with open arms
"Sesame Street" welcomes new character with autism with open arms By Associated Press, adapted by Newsela staff on 03.23.17 Word Count 713 Julia, a Muppet character who is autistic, will debut on April
More informationAfter Adrenal Cancer Treatment
After Adrenal Cancer Treatment Living as a Cancer Survivor For many people, cancer treatment often raises questions about next steps as a survivor. Lifestyle Changes After Treatment for Adrenal Cancer
More informationYour Best Options For Getting Any Baby To Sleep
Your Best Options For Getting Any Baby To Sleep by Chris Towland www.babysleepsolution.com This is a FREE short report and you can pass it along to anyone as long as you don t change the contents. Index
More informationTest Anxiety: The Silent Intruder, William B. Daigle, Ph.D. Test Anxiety The Silent Intruder
Test Anxiety The Silent Intruder Resources; St. Gerard Majella Catholic School, March 6, 2010 William B. Daigle, Ph.D. 8748 Quarters Lake Road Baton Rouge, LA 70809 (225) 922-7767 225) 922-7768 fax williambdaiglephd@hotmail.com
More information26:010:557 / 26:620:557 Social Science Research Methods
26:010:557 / 26:620:557 Social Science Research Methods Dr. Peter R. Gillett Associate Professor Department of Accounting & Information Systems Rutgers Business School Newark & New Brunswick 1 Overview
More information1 The conceptual underpinnings of statistical power
1 The conceptual underpinnings of statistical power The importance of statistical power As currently practiced in the social and health sciences, inferential statistics rest solidly upon two pillars: statistical
More informationCourtesy of RosenfeldInjuryLawyers.com (888)
CROSS-EXAMINATION BY MR. BERGER: Q DR. WATFORD, WE HAVE MET TWICE BEFORE. DO YOU RECALL THAT? Q ONCE IN YOUR IN DECEMBER, AND YOU WERE KIND ENOUGH TO MEET WITH US? Q ONCE IN JANUARY WHEN WE BROUGHT YOU
More informationKeeping Home Safe WHAT CAN YOU DO?
Keeping Home Safe or dementia may have trouble knowing what is dangerous or making safe decisions. By helping him or her feel more relaxed and less confused at home, you can help stop accidents. trip because
More informationSINGLE-CASE RESEARCH. Relevant History. Relevant History 1/9/2018
SINGLE-CASE RESEARCH And Small N Designs Relevant History In last half of nineteenth century, researchers more often looked at individual behavior (idiographic approach) Founders of psychological research
More informationAnswers to Common Physician Questions and Objections
PUSS, RNR PARTNERS IN IMPROVEMENT" Answers to Common Physician Questions and Objections The following document highlights five common questions or objections Consultants, Account Executives and Account
More informationTop 10 Tips for Successful Searching ASMS 2003
Top 10 Tips for Successful Searching I'd like to present our top 10 tips for successful searching with Mascot. Like any hit parade, we will, of course, count them off in reverse order 1 10. Don t specify
More informationFIREARMS AND SUICIDE PREVENTION
FIREARMS AND SUICIDE PREVENTION WHAT LEADS TO SUICIDE? There s no single cause. Suicide most often occurs when several stressors and health issues converge to create an experience of hopelessness and despair.
More informationChapter 12. The One- Sample
Chapter 12 The One- Sample z-test Objective We are going to learn to make decisions about a population parameter based on sample information. Lesson 12.1. Testing a Two- Tailed Hypothesis Example 1: Let's
More informationContents. Smoking. Staying stopped. Preparing to stop. Relapsing. Stopping
Contents Stage 1: Preparing to stop smoking 1 Stage 2: Stopping 3 Stage 3: Staying stopped 5 Nicotine replacement therapy 7 Non-nicotine treatments 10 Where to get help and advice 11 Stopping smoking isn't
More informationHeat Stress Course Outline
Heat Stress Course Outline The following outline summarizes the major points of information presented in the program. The outline can be used to review the program before conducting a classroom session,
More informationHow to Foster Post-Traumatic Growth
How to Foster Post-Traumatic Growth Module 7, Part 2 - Transcript - pg. 1 How to Foster Post-Traumatic Growth Two Ways to Ignite Accelerated Growth Part 2: How Your Choice of Language Can Transform an
More informationResearch Strategies. What We Will Cover in This Section. Research Purposes. Overview. Research techniques. Literature Reviews. Basic research.
Research Strategies 9/2/2006 P767 Research Strategies.ppt 1 What We Will Cover in This Section Overview. Research techniques. Literature Reviews. 9/2/2006 P767 Research Strategies.ppt 2 Research Purposes
More informationDATA TO INSIGHT: AN INTRODUCTION TO DATA ANALYSIS THE UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND
DATA TO INSIGHT: AN INTRODUCTION TO DATA ANALYSIS THE UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND WEEK 3 3.2 RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CATEGORICAL VARIABLES Hi again. In this video, you'll learn how to plot data on two categorical
More informationFukuoka University of Education
Tomoko Sugimura sugitomo@fukuoka-edu.ac.jp Fukuoka University of Education 18 5 6 facial perception, gender-discrimination, young children Developmental studies have demonstrated that young children inaccurately
More informationControlled Experiments
CHARM Choosing Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) Appropriate Research Methods Controlled Experiments Liz Atwater Department of Psychology Human Factors/Applied Cognition George Mason University lizatwater@hotmail.com
More informationAfter Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treatment
After Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treatment Living as a Cancer Survivor For many people, cancer treatment often raises questions about next steps as a survivor. What Happens After Treatment for Soft Tissue Sarcomas?
More informationEXPERT PANEL AND FIELD PARTICIPANTS BELIEVE
EXPERT PANEL AND FIELD PARTICIPANTS BELIEVE 1. The overall total number of clients/cases/patients in the system has remained stable over the years; however, the proportional number of clients abusing opiates
More informationDescriptive Research a systematic, objective observation of people.
What is going on in this picture? We cannot say exactly, but we can describe what we see. Thus we have.. Descriptive Research a systematic, objective observation of people. Any research that observes and
More information2. The following was a pretty good study, but would have been better if the author justified her hypothesis more.
Additional Hints and Tips on Project 1 Soc 30902 students here are excerpts from notes I made on student papers way, way back in 1987. Many of the comments are a bit cryptic to me now, but they may give
More informationOccupational therapy after stroke
Call the Stroke Helpline: 0303 3033 100 or email: info@stroke.org.uk Occupational therapy after stroke This guide explains how occupational therapy can help your recovery and rehabilitation after a stroke.
More informationCarkhuff: His Scale for Assessing Facilitative Interpersonal Counselling
Carkhuff: His Scale for Assessing Facilitative Interpersonal Counselling Prepared by: Fran Eckstein, Linda Greene, Betty Sue Hinson, & Don Naiman II. Facilitative Conditions Carkhuff examined seven major
More informationISC- GRADE XI HUMANITIES ( ) PSYCHOLOGY. Chapter 2- Methods of Psychology
ISC- GRADE XI HUMANITIES (2018-19) PSYCHOLOGY Chapter 2- Methods of Psychology OUTLINE OF THE CHAPTER (i) Scientific Methods in Psychology -observation, case study, surveys, psychological tests, experimentation
More informationDescribe what is meant by a placebo Contrast the double-blind procedure with the single-blind procedure Review the structure for organizing a memo
Please note the page numbers listed for the Lind book may vary by a page or two depending on which version of the textbook you have. Readings: Lind 1 11 (with emphasis on chapters 10, 11) Please note chapter
More informationA meeting in the PGD Lab
A meeting in the PGD Lab Choose the character everyone will play. Read the scripted play out together or in front of the class. Read through the role play section of the play and discuss the answers each
More informationSomething to think about. What happens, however, when we have a sample with less than 30 items?
One-Sample t-test Remember In the last chapter, we learned to use a statistic from a large sample of data to test a hypothesis about a population parameter. In our case, using a z-test, we tested a hypothesis
More informationUNEQUAL CELL SIZES DO MATTER
1 of 7 1/12/2010 11:26 AM UNEQUAL CELL SIZES DO MATTER David C. Howell Most textbooks dealing with factorial analysis of variance will tell you that unequal cell sizes alter the analysis in some way. I
More informationChapter 11. Experimental Design: One-Way Independent Samples Design
11-1 Chapter 11. Experimental Design: One-Way Independent Samples Design Advantages and Limitations Comparing Two Groups Comparing t Test to ANOVA Independent Samples t Test Independent Samples ANOVA Comparing
More informationIAPT: Regression. Regression analyses
Regression analyses IAPT: Regression Regression is the rather strange name given to a set of methods for predicting one variable from another. The data shown in Table 1 and come from a student project
More information9.0 L '- ---'- ---'- --' X
352 C hap te r Ten 11.0 10.5 Y 10.0 9.5 9.0 L...- ----'- ---'- ---'- --' 0.0 0.5 1.0 X 1.5 2.0 FIGURE 10.23 Interpreting r = 0 for curvilinear data. Establishing causation requires solid scientific understanding.
More information(CORRELATIONAL DESIGN AND COMPARATIVE DESIGN)
UNIT 4 OTHER DESIGNS (CORRELATIONAL DESIGN AND COMPARATIVE DESIGN) Quasi Experimental Design Structure 4.0 Introduction 4.1 Objectives 4.2 Definition of Correlational Research Design 4.3 Types of Correlational
More informationJOE BLOGGS 22 Mar 2017 Character DNA SAMPLE REPORT
JOE BLOGGS 22 Mar 2017 Character DNA Character DNA JOE BLOGGS 22nd March 2017 Introduction Welcome to your Character DNA profile. Many people have researched personality over the years; Hippocrates divided
More informationWHAT'S INSIDE INSIDE YOUR PROGRAM GUIDE The Pilates Workout Plan. 2. The Nutrition Plan. 3. Tools to Track Your Progress. 4.
Program Guide INSIDE YOUR PROGRAM GUIDE... 1. The Pilates Workout Plan 2. The Nutrition Plan 3. Tools to Track Your Progress 4. Program Tips 5. Getting Started WHAT'S 6. Pre-Program Action Items INSIDE
More informationThe following are questions that students had difficulty with on the first three exams.
The following are questions that students had difficulty with on the first three exams. Exam 1 1. A measure has construct validity if it: a) really measures what it is supposed to measure b) appears, on
More informationHow to Foster Post-Traumatic Growth
How to Foster Post-Traumatic Growth Module 3 - Transcript - pg. 1 How to Foster Post-Traumatic Growth The Critical Role of Connection in Post-Traumatic Growth with Sue Johnson, EdD; Kelly McGonigal, PhD;
More informationPsychology 205, Revelle, Fall 2014 Research Methods in Psychology Mid-Term. Name:
Name: 1. (2 points) What is the primary advantage of using the median instead of the mean as a measure of central tendency? It is less affected by outliers. 2. (2 points) Why is counterbalancing important
More informationChapter 7: Descriptive Statistics
Chapter Overview Chapter 7 provides an introduction to basic strategies for describing groups statistically. Statistical concepts around normal distributions are discussed. The statistical procedures of
More informationPsychology of Dysfunctional Behaviour RESEARCH METHODS
Psychology of Dysfunctional Behaviour RESEARCH METHODS The history of abnormal psychology shows that theories and treatment procedures may seem effective in some cases but prove useless and even harmful
More information5 Ways To Get Rid Of The Baby fat 1
5 Ways To Get Rid Of The Baby fat 1 5 Ways To Get Rid Of The Baby fat 2 5 Ways To Get Rid Of The Baby fat Copyright 2017 All rights are reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced or transmitted
More informationWhich CCSF Health Education Program Is Right For You?
Which CCSF Health Education Program Is Right For You? (answer sheet that matches up to the Self-Assessment Questionnaire www.ccsf.edu/hlthed) 1. Do you enjoy working with people one-on-one? Yes No Sometimes
More informationResearch Report Your Thoughts about Sport
Research Report Your Thoughts about Sport Key findings Deaf children and young people (dcyp) enjoy a vast range of sports and leisure activities. Swimming and Football are the two most popular sports,
More informationAudio: In this lecture we are going to address psychology as a science. Slide #2
Psychology 312: Lecture 2 Psychology as a Science Slide #1 Psychology As A Science In this lecture we are going to address psychology as a science. Slide #2 Outline Psychology is an empirical science.
More informationLIFE INTEGRATION THERAPIES, PC., INC. KAY WHITEHEAD, MSW., LCSW., FT. 23 E.39 th St. INDIANAPOLIS, IN CLIENT HISTORY FORM
LIFE INTEGRATION THERAPIES, PC., INC. KAY WHITEHEAD, MSW., LCSW., FT. 23 E.39 th St. INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46205 317-626-3626 CLIENT HISTORY FORM Name Date Address City St Zip Home Phone Work Cell Email (if
More informationALZHEIMER S DISEASE, DEMENTIA & DEPRESSION
ALZHEIMER S DISEASE, DEMENTIA & DEPRESSION Daily Activities/Tasks As Alzheimer's disease and dementia progresses, activities like dressing, bathing, eating, and toileting may become harder to manage. Each
More informationUNIT III: Research Design. In designing a needs assessment the first thing to consider is level for the assessment
UNIT III: Research Design SWK 330 Kimberly Baker-Abrams What is a needs assessment? Why is it helpful? an assessment to determine the existence of services, client population, client access to services,
More informationStrategies for Engaging Families
Strategies for Engaging Families All materials contained herein are copyrighted by the Institute for Family Development, 2012 Permission is hereby granted to the participant in the Strategies for Engaging
More informationDescribe what is meant by a placebo Contrast the double-blind procedure with the single-blind procedure Review the structure for organizing a memo
Please note the page numbers listed for the Lind book may vary by a page or two depending on which version of the textbook you have. Readings: Lind 1 11 (with emphasis on chapters 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 10 & 11)
More information